AmericanEducation美国教育

1会计学AmericanEducation美国教育AmericanEducationMainContents:1.History2.System3.Comparison4.Somefamousuniversities5.ThefutureTwofactorsmadetheeducationofAmericastart.Thisimmigrationofhighereducationbackgroundmadethemattachgreatimportancetoeducation.AndtheearlyimmigrantsfromEnglandneededakindofculturetohelpthemunderstandTheBiblebythemselvesbecauseoftheirdevotiontoreligion.EducationintheU.S.---HistoryThePuritanssetupschoolsasinstinctivelyastheysetupchurches:(1).TheBostonLatinSchoolin1635,(2).HarvardCollegein1636,(3).Theytooktheirfirststeptowardestablishingasystemofpublicschools.(4).In1647,Massachusettspassedaradicallaw,whichrequiredeverytowntoprovideitschildrenwithschoolsandschoolmasters.InJune1753,BenjaminFranklindecidedthenew-modelcollegewouldfocusontheprofessions,withclassestaughtinEnglishinsteadofLatin,havesubjectmatterexpertsasprofessorsinsteadofonetutorleadingaclassforfouryears,andtherewouldbenoreligioustestforadmissionEducationintheU.S.---HistoryTheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStates,whothemselveswereeducators,laiddowntheprinciplesandinstitutionsofeducationwhichstillflourish.OfalltheFoundingFathers,itwasThomasJeffersonwhocontributedmosttoAmericaneducationalphilosophyandpractice.ItwasJeffersonwho,inhisoldage,builtalmostsingle-handed,thefirstgreatstateuniversityinAmerica---theUniversityofVirginia.TheoriginabouttheEducationoftheUSAEducationinAmericancanbetrackedbacktothepuritansintheearly17thcentury,theythinkeverypersonshouldbeabletoreadtheBibleIn1634theyopeneda''Laingrammer"schoolforthosewhowantedtopreperforcollege;In1636,Harydwasfoundedforthetrainingofreligiousministers.During1630s-1640s,Lawswerepassedforcompulsoryeducationforallchildrenandpublictaxationforschools.In1647,Massachusettspassedaradicallaw,whichrequiredeverytowntoprovideitschildrenwithschoolsandschoolmasters.TheLaws《ElementaryandSecondaryEducationAct》《美国中 小学 小学生如何制作手抄报课件柳垭小学关于三违自查自纠报告小学英语获奖优质说课课件小学足球课教案全集小学语文新课程标准测试题 教育法》isthebasiceducationactoftheUnitedStates,whichreflectsthefederalgovernment'srequirementsforthenationalpublicbasiceducationschools.《TheHigherEducationAct》《高等教育法案》AdoptionoftheHigherEducationActAmendmentsof1992formalizedasignificantshiftinfederalfinancialaidpolicyfromgrantstoloans《HigherEducationOpportunityAct》《高等教育机会法案》TheHigherEducationOpportunityAct(PublicLaw110-315)(HEOA)wasenactedonAugust14,2008,andreauthorizestheHigherEducationActof1965,asamended(HEA).《GeneralProvisionofEducationAct》《教育总则法》EducationintheU.S.---EducationalSystemsGeneralintroductionEarlychildhoodeducationPrimaryandsecondaryschoolsHighereducationSupplementaryinformationGeneralIntroductionAmericansareproudofthefactthatthewindowofknowledgeisneverslammedshutforanyofthenation’scitizens.Childrenareallowedtoattendclasseswithkidsofvariousraces,schoolshaveequalopportunitiesforbothmalesandfemales,andforchildrenwithdisabilitiesorhandicaps.Noweachandeverystudentcangetanequalchancetobeeducated.Americanpublicschoolshavefourbasiccharacteristicsincommon:theyarelocallycontrolled,freefromreligiousinfluence,coeducational,andpubliclysupportedbytaxes. The American education of all types and at all levels join each other in structure and communicate with each other up and down. At any rate, from elementary school through college, Americans hold the belief that everyone deserves a fair and equal opportunity to get a good education, and that part of the responsibility of the government is to make sure that such an opportunity is not denied to any one of them.One of the striking features, differ American education system from other European countries’ education system, call a monorail system.Itformedinthesecondhalfofthe19thcenturyandcanbespecificallydividedintothebottom-upstructure:primaryschool,secondaryschool,andthenuniversity."Rail"isthenumberofclassinonegrade.SimplegeneralizationPrimaryschoolAmericanchildrenstartschoolattheageoffiveyears.Thefirstyearatschooliscalledkindergarten.SecondaryschoolSecondaryschoolmostcommonlyconsistsofatotalofsevenyears,referredtoassixththroughtwelfthgradesUndergraduateschoolUndergraduateschoolofferseitheratwo-yeardegreeorafour-yeardegreeinaspecificcourseofmajor.GraduateschoolStudentswhohaveobtainedabachelor’sdegreecancontinuetheireducationbypursuingoneoftwotypesofdegrees.ElementarySchoolGradeAgeRemarksKindergarten5-6K-2:Primarygrades1(first)6-72(second)7-83(third)8-93-5:Intermediategrades 4(fourth)9-105(fifth)10-11MiddleSchoolRemarks6(sixth)7(seventh)11-12*SomesystemshaveJuniorHighSchoolforGrades7and8. 8(eighth)13-1413-14HighSchoolGradeAge9(Freshman)14-1510(sophomore)15-1611(Junior)16-1712(Senior)17-18HigherEducationTypesofSchoolsPublicSchools:Financedwithtaxmoney.Facetoall(K-12)PrivateSchools:ReligiousorwithaparticulareducationalphilosophyHomeSchools:ParentsteachingchildrenathomepubliceducationBetween1825and1850,publiceducationwasestablishedinAmerica.PubliceducationisuniversallyrequiredattheK–12level,andisavailableatstatecollegesanduniversitiesforallstudents.K–12publicschoolcurricula,budgets,andpoliciesaresetthroughlocallyelectedschoolboards,whohavejurisdictionoverindividualschooldistricts.Stategovernmentssetoveralleducationalstandards,oftenmandatestandardizedtestsforK–12publicschoolsystems,andsupervise,usuallythroughaboardofregents,statecollegesanduniversities.Fundingcomesfromthestate,local,andfederalgovernment.PrivateschoolsPrivateschoolsaregenerallyfreetodeterminetheirowncurriculumandstaffingpolicies,withvoluntaryaccreditationavailablethroughindependentregionalaccreditationauthorities.About87%ofschool-agechildrenattendpublicschools,about10%attendprivateschools,andmorethan3%arehomeschooled.HomeSchoolsInhomeschooling,parentsteachtheirownchildrenUsuallydoneforreligiousreasonsorbecauseparentsareunhappywithpublicschoolsApproximately2.2%ofAmericanchildrenarehomeschooledTestsSAT:ScholasticAssessmentTest学术评价测验ScholasticAptitudeTest学术性向测验ACT:AmericanCollegeTestingGRE:GraduateRecordExamination美国研究生入学考试DegreesCollegegrades,fromhighesttolowest,runABCDF.AnFisafailinggrade.Aftercompletingfouracademicyearswithacceptablegradesinanapprovedcourseofstudy,thestudentearnsBachelorofArtsorBachelorofSciencedegree.Amaster’sdegreecanbeearnedbyoneortwoacademicyearsofstudybeyondthebachelor’sdegree.APh.D.degreeusuallytakesatleastthreeyearsbeyondthemaster’s.AmericanvsBritainvsChinaChinaAmericaEnglandCollegefor3or4yearsCollegefor3yearsCollegefor4yearsStudentstaketheCEE,thatis“Gaokao”beforeUniversityStudenttaketheA-levelsbeforeUniversityStudenttaketheSAT(orACT)and2SATII’sbeforeUniversityBeforetheageof5,schoolsarecalledkindergartenBeforetheageof5,schoolsarecallednurseryschoolsBeforetheageof5,schoolsarecalledpreschoolsInChina,thepurposeofschoolistoleteveryoneacceptseducation,haveknowledgeandskillstomakelife.   IntheUKthepurposeofschoolistoprovidechildrenwithliteracyandtheotherbasicskillstheywillneedtobecomeactivemembersofsociety,andalsotosocializechildrenIntheUSA,thegoalistoachieveuniversalliteracyandtoprovideindividualswithknowledgeandskillsnecessarytopromoteboththeirownindividualwelfareaswellasthatofthegeneralpublic. InBritain,AmericaandChina,schoolsenrollingallkindofpeopletoequalizeeducationalopportunities.Andaftergraduatedfromuniversity,degreetitles,whichschoolprovided,iscalledBachelor’sDegree,whileasecondarydegreeiscalledMaster’sDegree,andDoctorateDegree.finalexaminationsmid-termexaminationsChina:StudyinclassroomalldayAmerica:EmphasizesocialpracticeChina:EmphasizemechanicalmemorizingAmerica:Emphasizechildren“powerofunderstandingCharacteristicsofAmericanEducationInmanyfieldsandindustries,theAmericaneducationalsystemisrecognizedasofferingthemostcutting-edge,sought-afterprogramsattheworld'sbestschools.ThatiswhywebelievegraduatingfromanaccreditedAmericanschoolandbeingexposedtotherigorsoftheAmericaneducationalsystemisasoundinvestmentinyourchild'sfuture.Americanschoolsofferaholisticprogramthatencouragesabroadeducationalexperienceinbothcurricularandco-curricularareas.TheIvyLeague(常青藤盟校）Someofthebest-knownprivateuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesarelocatedintheNortheast.TheyaretheoldestonesinAmericaaswell,knowninformallyastheIvyLeague.TheseincludeHarvard,Yale,Princeton,Brown,Columbia,Cornell,Dartmouth,andUniversityofPennsylvania,withthefirstthreeknownas“TheBigThree”.HarvardUniversityHarvardCollegewasestablishedin1636.Itwasnamedforitsfirstbenefactor,JohnHarvardofCharlestown,ayoungministerwhouponhisdeath,lefthislibraryandhalfhisestatetothenewinstitution.YaleUniversityYaleUniversitywasfoundedin1701.Itcomprisesthreemajoracademiccomponents:YaleCollege(theundergraduateprogram),theGraduateSchoolofArtsandSciences,andtenprofessionalschools.PrincetonUniversitylocatedintheheartofPrinceton,NewJersey.Princetonstrivestobeoneoftheleadingresearchuniversitiesandthemostoutstandingundergraduatecollegeintheworld.BrownColumbiaCornellDartmouthPennsylvaniaNowadaysAmericanplanstotoregaintheworld'shighestrateofcollegegraduatesby2020.Thegoalisforallstudentstoperformattheproficientoradvancedlevel.Also,Obamasuggeststoputfreecommunitycollegeeducationtoallstudents,andwanttomakethisideaspreadtotheUnitedStates,sothattwoyearsofcommunitycollegewouldbecomeaspopularashighschooleducationandfree.ThankyouAmericanEducationMainContents:1.History2.System3.Comparison4.Somefamousuniversities5.ThefutureTheoriginabouttheEducationoftheUSAEducationinAmericancanbetrackedbacktothepuritansintheearly17thcentury,theythinkeverypersonshouldbeabletoreadtheBibleIn1634theyopeneda''Laingrammer"schoolforthosewhowantedtopreperforcollege;In1636,Harydwasfoundedforthetrainingofreligiousministers.During1630s-1640s,Lawswerepassedforcompulsoryeducationforallchildrenandpublictaxationforschools.In1647,Massachusettspassedaradicallaw,whichrequiredeverytowntoprovideitschildrenwithschoolsandschoolmasters.TheLaws《ElementaryandSecondaryEducationAct》《美国中小学教育法》isthebasiceducationactoftheUnitedStates,whichreflectsthefederalgovernment'srequirementsforthenationalpublicbasiceducationschools.《TheHigherEducationAct》《高等教育法案》AdoptionoftheHigherEducationActAmendmentsof1992formalizedasignificantshiftinfederalfinancialaidpolicyfromgrantstoloans《HigherEducationOpportunityAct》《高等教育机会法案》TheHigherEducationOpportunityAct(PublicLaw110-315)(HEOA)wasenactedonAugust14,2008,andreauthorizestheHigherEducationActof1965,asamended(HEA).《GeneralProvisionofEducationAct》《教育总则法》 The American education of all types and at all levels join each other in structure and communicate with each other up and down. At any rate, from elementary school through college, Americans hold the belief that everyone deserves a fair and equal opportunity to get a good education, and that part of the responsibility of the government is to make sure that such an opportunity is not denied to any one of them.One of the striking features, differ American education system from other European countries’ education system, call a monorail system.Itformedinthesecondhalfofthe19thcenturyandcanbespecificallydividedintothebottom-upstructure:primaryschool,secondaryschool,andthenuniversity."Rail"isthenumberofclassinonegrade.finalexaminationsmid-termexaminationsChina:StudyinclassroomalldayAmerica:EmphasizesocialpracticeTheIvyLeague(常青藤盟校）Someofthebest-knownprivateuniversitiesintheUnitedStatesarelocatedintheNortheast.TheyaretheoldestonesinAmericaaswell,knowninformallyastheIvyLeague.TheseincludeHarvard,Yale,Princeton,Brown,Columbia,Cornell,Dartmouth,andUniversityofPennsylvania,withthefirstthreeknownas“TheBigThree”.