2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考前押题壹（附答案详解）试卷号：12

长风破浪会有时，直挂云帆济沧海。住在富人区的她2022年考研考博-考博英语-福建师范大学考前押题壹（附答案详解）一.综合题(共50题)1.单选题Thisistheworld’sfirstaccurate（ ）modelofhumanheartincomputer.问题1选项A.laboringB.workingC.livingD.liking【答案】B【解析】考查形容词辨析。laboring意为“劳动的”；working意为“工作中的，运行中的”；living意为“活着的”；liking意为“喜爱的”。句意：这是世界上第一个用计算机精确模拟的工作中的人的心脏。2.单选题Threeyearsago,FrenchentrepreneurGaryCigewashelpingafriendhangamirrorinhiscountryhousewhentheyrealizedtheyneededadrill.Butwheretogetone?Buyingonewouldcost150Euros,ahugewasteconsideringtheyneededitforonlyhalfanhour.AndsinceitwasSunday,everyrentalshopwouldbeclosed.YetasCigerealized,theywerelikelysurroundedbydrills.Oddsare,atleastoneofhisfriend’sneighborshadadrillthatwassittingidle.Whywasn’ttheresomeeasywaytofindadrilltorent—forjustafewbucks?Propelledbythatidea,CigecofoundedZilok,astartupthatofferspreciselythisservice:Peoplepostpossessionsthey’rewillingtorentout,alongwithaprice.Cige’sWebsiteprocessesthefee,tracksthereputationofyourrentingpartner,and—inFrance—evenissuesinsuranceforyouritem.Aftertwoyearsinbusiness,Zilokhas150,000itemslisted,with6,000transactionsamonth,andit’sthefastest-growingrenterofcarsinFrance.Peertopeerrenting—andsimilarservices—hasboomedinthepastfewyears.SomeworklikeZilok,whileothersletpeopleexchangethingstheyown(suchasbookandCDsatSwaptree).Afewevenletyoutakeadvantageofspacethat’slyingfallow,likeSharedEarth,wherelandownershookupwithgardeners.Inessence,we’reseeinganewrelationshiptoproperty—whereaccesstrumpsownership.We’reusingbitstohelpusshareatoms.Thegeniusofthesesitesisthattheymakeavirtueofmodernsociety’secologicalsin:oversupply.Indevelopedcountries,we’reprosperousbuthorriblywasteful.Webuytonsofthingsweuserarely—andwhichsitunusedinbasementsandstoragelockers.Peerrentingandsharingis,ofcourse,anoldidea.Butitnevertookoffbefore,forlogisticalreasons;itwastoohardtoconnectmillionsofrenterstoowners.TheInternet’sBayesianabilitytomakemarketssolvedthatproblem.Thenetalsoprovidescrucialglue,asthenewstartupZimrideproves.Ride-sharingsystemshavehistoricallypeteredoutbecauseitcanbekindofcreepytopickupstrangers.Soinstead,ZimrideletspeoplesharerideswithfriendsoffriendsfromFacebookthrougheitherFacebookConnectornetworksitsetsupforindividualorganizations.“Thelimitingfactorbeforewastrust,”ZimridecofounderLoganGreensays,“andFacebooksolvedthat.”Besidestheenvironmentalbenefits,thereareeconomicones.SomeusersofZilokmakemorethan$1,000amonthcirculatingtheirpossessions.Granted,it’snotenoughtoquityourdayjob,butalittleextradoughforalmostnoeffortneverhurts.Aspeer-to-peerrentingandswappingevolves,toolslikegeolocationandmicropaymentscouldmakeitevensmootherandmoreubiquitous.RachelBotsman,coauthorofWhat’sMineIsYours—anewbookthatdocuments“collaborativeconsumption”—envisionsaworldinwhicheveryone’sstuffreportsitsstatusinrealtime:Whereistherightnow?Isitavailableforusebysomeoneelse?Yourpropertycouldcirculatefordaysormonths,makingyourmoneyinsteadofmoldinginyourgarage“We’refacingarevolutioninthewaywethinkofownership,”Botsmansays.Or,toputitotherway,yourdrillmaybemydrill,too.1.Intheopeningparagraph,theauthorintroduceshistopicby（ ）.2.WhichofthefollowingistrueofZilok?3.Peer-to-peerrentingessentiallyfeatures（ ）.  4.ItcanbeconcludedthatthesuccessofZimridemainlyliesintheabilityof（ ）.问题1选项A.bringingupahypothesisB.givinganexampleC.tracingbacktheoriginD.makingacomparison问题2选项A.Itisresponsibleforpricingtheitemsforrent.B.ItoffersthefastestcarrentalservicesinFrance.C.Itprovidesinsuranceforvaluableitemsrented.D.Itdevelopsvigorouslyinthepastfewyears.问题3选项A.flexibleownershipB.awiderangeofservicesC.high-techmarketingD.ecologicalconservation问题4选项A.persuadingpeopletoshareridesB.establishingtrustamongstrangersC.buildingavastinterpersonalnetworkD.findingsufficientpotentialcustomers【答案】第1题:C第2题:D第3题:A第4题:B【解析】1.推理判断题。由文章第一段中的第一句Threeyearsago,FrenchentrepreneurGaryCigewashelpingafriendhangamirrorinhiscountryhousewhentheyrealizedtheyneededadrill.（三年前，法国企业家GaryCige帮助一位朋友在他的乡村别墅挂一面镜子，这时他们意识到自己需要一个钻头）和最后一句Whywasn’ttheresomeeasywaytofindadrilltorent—forjustafewbucks?（为什么找不到一个简单的 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 来租钻头——只要几元钱呢？）可知作者通过讲述GaryCige创立Zilok的起源来介绍他的主题，因此选C。2.细节事实题。由文章第二段中的Peoplepostpossessionsthey’rewillingtorentout,alongwithaprice.（人们把他们愿意出租的财产连同价格一起贴出来）可知与A选项“它负责定价物品的租金”不符；由第二段中的it’sthefastest-growingrenterofcarsinFrance（它拥有的汽车租赁用户数量增加最快）可知与B选项“它提供法国最快的汽车租赁服务”不符；由第二段中的and—inFrance—evenissuesinsuranceforyouritem.（并且在法国甚至可以给你出租的物品上保险）可知与C选项“它为租用的贵重物品提供保险”不符；通过排除法，因此选D。3.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的whileothersletpeopleexchangethingstheyown.（而让人们可以交换他们自己的东西）和第四段中的Inessence,we’reseeinganewrelationshiptoproperty—whereaccesstrumpsownership.（从本质上讲，我们看到的是一种新的财产关系——在这种关系中，使用权高于所有权）可推测面对面租赁最本质的特征是灵活的所有权，因此选A。4.推理判断题。由文章第五段中的ZimrideletspeoplesharerideswithfriendsoffriendsfromFacebook...Thelimitingfactorbeforewastrust.（Zimride让人们和来自社交网络上的朋友分享骑行……以前，限制因素是信任）可推测Zimride的成功主要在于它打破了之前陌生人之间的不信任，因此选B。3.单选题1.Lovehastoppledkings,inspiredpoets,sparkedwars,soothedbeasts,andchangedthecourseofhistory.Itiscreditedforlife'sgreatestjoys,blamedforthemostcrushingsorrows.Andofcourse,it"makestheworldgoaround."2.Allofwhichisnosurprisetobiologists.Theyknowthatloveiscentraltohumanexistence.Wearenotjustprogrammedforreproduction.Thecapacityforlovingemotionsisalsowrittenintoourbiochemistry,essentialifchildrenaretogrowandtothrive.Andlove'sabsencecanbedevastating.Thelossofaspouseoftenhastensdeathinolderpeople.3.Lovebeganwithmotherhood.Formammalianyoungtosurvive,mothersmustinvestconsiderabletimeandenergyinthem.Ofcourse,thevaryinggrowthratesofmammalianspeciesrequiresomemotherstoinvestmoretimeandenergythanothers.Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.4.Withthehelpofoxytocin(achemicalthatfostersthebondbetweenmothersandchildren),dotingmothersareabletocatertotheiroffspring'severywhimandwhimper.Whenfemalesofmostmammalianspeciesgivebirth,theirbodiesarefloodedwithoxytocin,knownsince1906asahormonethatstimulatesuterinecontractionsandallowthebreaststo"letdown"milk.Butoxytocinalsoactsasaneurotransmitter,orchemicalmessenger,thatcanguidebehavior.Withoutit,aewecannotrecognizeherownlamb.Avirginfemaleratgivenashotofoxytocinwillnuzzleanotherfemale'spups,crouchingoverthemprotectivelyasiftheywereherown.5.Studiesofasmallrodentknownastheprairievole,acuddlyballoffur,whosematingbondoflifelongmonogamywouldputmosthumancouplestoshame,indicateoxytocinmayalsoplayaroleintheheadyfeelingsassociatedwithromance."Youjustcan'timaginehowmuchtimetheseanimalsspendtogether.Prairievolesalwayswanttobewithsomebody,"saysCarter.Thevoles'undyingdevotionistheworknotonlyofoxytocinbutalsoofarelatedhormone,vasopressin.Whensinglemaleandfemaleprairievolesmeet;theycommenceatwo-day-longboutofsexthatreleasesoxytocininthefemale'sbrain,bondinghertothemale,whoprefershismate'scompanyaboveallothers,guardinghisfamilyagainstintruderswithajealoushusband'szeal.6.Likesomehumanplayboys,maleprairievolesseemtogetakickoutofcourtshipmixedwithdanger.CarterandcolleagueCourtneyDeVriesmadeyoung,unmatedvolesswimforthreeminutesbeforeallowingthemtomeetaprospectivemate.Theexerciseelevatedtheanimals'stresshormones,whicharealsoheightenedbyfear.Butwhilefemalesscurriedoffaftertheswimwithoutbondingtothemalesastheynormallywould,malevolesbondedfasterthanever.7.Humanbeings—unlikerodents—arenotentirelyslavestotheirhormones.Butthebehaviorofvolesmayholdcluestowhymenandwomensometimesholddivergentviewsofsexandromance.Whilemanywomenprefercandlelightandsweettalk,menaremoreapttowelcomearollinthehayanytime,anywhere.Forsomemen(andsomewomen),sexisespeciallyenticingwhenforbidden.CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.8.Passionateorplatonic,loveaffectsthewholebody,settingtheheartpounding,makingthestomachdoflip-flops,andofcourse,lightingthelionsonfire.Thesevisceralsensationsaretheworkofthevagusnerve,whichtracesameanderingpaththroughthebody,coordinatingtheactivitiesofinternalorgans,saystheUniversityofMaryland'sStephenPorges.Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.9.Withoutthevagus,saysPorges,lovewouldbeimpossible.Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.This"old"vagusrespondstooxytocinandservesasthepathwaybetweensexualorgansandthebrainforfeelingsofbotharousalandsatiationaftersex.ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.10.Inotherwords,thepoetsandbardswerefightaboutonething.Theheartspeaksthelanguageoflove.AsEnglishpoetW.H.Audenwrote:"Whereloveisstrengthened,hoperestored,inheartsbychemicalaccord.Itmaynotliterallyskipabeatatthesightofone'sdesireorbreakwithsorrow,buttheheart'srhythmsareexquisitelytunedtolove."1.Whichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfrompassageaboutelephantseals?2.Thedifferentloveritualsemployedbymenandwomencouldbeattributedtothepresenceofwhichofthefollowing?3.WhichofthefollowingcouldbethebestanalogytothevagusnervedescribedinParagraph8?4.Animalsequippedonlywith"old"vaguscanNOTdowhichofthefollowing?5.Thepurposeofthelastparagraphisto（ ）.问题1选项A.Thefemalesareirresponsiblemothers.B.Theiryoungtakelesstimetogrowupthanyoungelephants.C.Theyhaveashorterlifespanthanelephants.D.Theyreproducemorerapidlythanelephant.问题2选项A.Oxytocin.B.Vasopressin.C.Interactionofoxytocinandvasepressin.D.Stresshormones.问题3选项A.Ahighwaybetweentwocites.B.Airrouteslinkingmajorcitiesaroundtheworld.C.TheWorldWideWeb.D.CircuitslinkingtheCPUandtheaccessoriesinthecomputer.问题4选项A.Feelhungry.B.Experiencefear.C.Feelsexualarousal.D.Faciallyexpressemotions.问题5选项A.indicatethatpoetsandbardsaremostcapableofexpressingloveB.implythatloveisexpressedthroughtheheartratherthroughthefaceorthevoiceC.givesupporttothestatementthatnewerbranchesofvagusconnecttheemotionalbraincenterstotheheart,thefaceandthevocalequipmentD.drawaconclusionbasedonthefactsinthepreviousparagraph【答案】第1题:B第2题:D第3题:D第4题:D第5题:C【解析】1.细节事实题。根据题干中的elephantseals可定位到文章第三段中，由Anelephantsealsucklesherpupforonlyafewweeksbeforeabandoningit;otherspecies,includingelephants,someprimates,andespeciallypeople,lavishattentionontheiryoungforyears.（一只海象在抛弃它的幼仔之前只给它喂奶了几个星期；其他物种，包括大象、一些灵长类动物，特别是人类，多年来一直在关注他们的幼仔）可知B选项“海象的幼仔比小象花更少的时间长大”符合题意。2.推理判断题。由文章第七段中的CarterandDeVriessuspectstresshormonescaninterferewithoxytocin'sactioninthebrain,keepingafemalevolefrombonding,andperhapspreventingmostwomenfromfindingdangersexuallyexciting.Vasopressin,incontrast,appearstoworkbetterinthepresenceofcertainstresshormones,possiblymakingdangeranaphrodisiacformanymales.（Carter和DeVries怀疑压力荷尔蒙会干扰大脑中的后叶催产素，阻止雌性田鼠与雄性结合，可能同样导致大多数女性认为危险并不具有性吸引力。相反，后叶加压素与压力荷尔蒙则产生不同的效果，可能促使多数男性认为危险具有性吸引力）可知压力荷尔蒙与不同的激素结合，在男性和女性身上会产生不同的效果，因此选D。3.细节事实题。题干：以下哪项可能是第8段所述迷走神经的最佳类比？由文章第八段中的Thevagusferriessignalsbetweenourinnardsandourbrains,conveyinginformationupwardaboutourinternalstateandsendingordersdownfromthebraintotheheart,thestomach,thelungs,andthesexorgans.（迷走神经在内脏和大脑之间传递信号，将身体内部状态向上传递给大脑，再将大脑指令传递给心脏、胃、肺以及性器官）可知D选项“连接CPU和计算机附件的电路”符合题意。4.细节事实题。由文章第九段中的Onepartofthenerveisevolutionarilyancient,controllingprimitivefunctionssuchassex,hunger,andfear.（迷走神经的一部分从人类进化初期就出现，控制着性、饥饿和恐惧等原始功能）可知迷走神经不包括面部 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 情，因此选D。5.主旨大意题。由文章最后一段第一句Inotherwords（换句话说）可知本段是对上一段的内容进行补充说明，由第九段最后一句ButPorgesarguesthatinmammals,newerbranchesofthevagusalsoconnectemotionalbraincenterswiththeheart,theface,andthevocalequipment,helpingtocoordinatefeelingswithfacialandverbalexpression.（但Porges认为，在哺乳动物中，迷走神经的新分支也连接大脑情感中心与心脏、脸部、发声器官、帮助协调感觉与面部和语言表达）可知C选项“支持一种说法，即迷走神经的新分支将大脑情感中心与心脏、面部和发声器官连接起来”符合题意。4.单选题Youradvicewouldbe（ ）valuabletohim,whoisatpresentathiswit'send.问题1选项A.extensivelyB.exclusivelyC.excessivelyD.exceedingly【答案】D【解析】考查副词辨析。extensively意为“广大地，广泛地”；exclusively意为“唯一地”；excessively意为“过度地”；exceedingly意为“非常，极其”。句意：你的建议对他来说非常的有价值，他现在是无计可施了。5.单选题Environmentalistsmaygetoffonterrifyingclimatechange,butmostpeoplejustturnaway.“Ifitwasreallysobad,they’ddosomething,”saysonecolleague.ThehumantendencytoconvinceyourselfthateverythingisOK,becausenooneelseisworried,isdeeplyseated.Ourtendencytoshrugoffresponsibilityseemstoholdtrueevenwhenweourselvesareindanger.JohnDarleyandBibbLataneaskedaseriesofcollegestudentstositinaroomandfilloutaquestionnaire.Whensmokestartedtopourintotheroomthroughavent,theothers,allactors,ignoreditandwentonwritingcalmly.Ninetypercentofsubjectscopiedtheactors,evenwhenthesmokebecamesothickthattheycouldbarelyseeandwerecoughing.Butsubjectswhowerealoneintheroom,underthesameconditions,almostallreportedthesmokeasanemergency.Thatisanastonishingfinding—thattheinactionofotherpeoplecanmakeusunderestimatethreatstoourownsafety.Inthepastfewweekswehavebeentold,byreputablesources,thattheoceansarewarmingfasterthananyonepredicted.Thatspeciesarebecomingextinctahundredtimesfasterthanfossilsrecord.Thatweareapproachingtippingpointsthatmaymakeclimatechangeirreversible.Thisstuffmakesmefeelprettydesperate.Iwouldthinkthatotherpeoplewouldworrytoo.ButthenIgototheoffice,andtofriends’houses,andnoonementionsit.Nordothepoliticians.Despitethenoisefromgreengroups,welookforget-outclauses.Weblameothercountriesorbigcorporations.Thepartofourbrainthatisprogrammedtoimitatedominatesthepartcuedtoself-preservation—especiallywhenthethreatsarecomplexandlong-term.Couldwesendtheherdintheotherdirection?Maybe.TenyearsafterDarleyandLatane’ssmokeexperiment,anotherprofessorArthurBeamanshoweditsfilmstohisstudents.Heexplainedthepsychology.Andinfuturethosestudentswere,apparently,almosttwiceaslikelyasotherstoreacttohelpotherpeople.InJanuaryIcountedaToyotaPriushybridcaronalmosteveryoneoftherichstreetsinapartofLondonjusteastofmyhouse.YesterdayIdidanothercount.Theyseemedtohaveincreasedtotwoorthree.Thatisthepowerofimitation,forpeoplewhocanaffordit.Buthowdoyougetotherpeopletoimitatebehaviorthatislessvisible:buyingless,travelinglessorchangingtheirelectricitysupplier?Theanswersmustsurelylieinsocialetiquette.Ifweareprogrammedtoactlikelemmings,thenwemustgivesomepeopleincentivestobreakoutandpublicizetheiractivities.Thesmokeiscomingupthroughthevent.Ifenoughpeoplestarttalkingaboutthesmoke,perhapsotherswillstarttoseeittoo.Andifenoughpeopleact,therestmayfollow.Forthat,itseems,ishumannature.1.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirsttwoparagraphsthatpeopletendto（ ）.  2.Infaceofenvironmentaldegradation,mostpeopleare（ ）.3.ProfessorArthurBeaman'sexperimentshowsthat（ ）.  4.Theauthorsuggeststhatinordertocounterclimatechange,（ ）.问题1选项A.beoptimisticaboutchangesoccurringaroundB.turnablindeyetotheapproachingthreatsC.havetheirjudgmentsinfluencedbyothersD.waitforsomeoneelsetoactfirst问题2选项A.feelingunabletoassumesuchabigresponsibilityB.endeavoringtofindoutitscausesC.imitatingothers'inactionD.tryingtoprotectthemselves问题3选项A.it’shumannaturetoshrinkfromresponsibilityB.environmentaleducationshouldbeginwiththeyoungpeopleC.therewillbemanymorewhoarereadytohelpothersD.properguidancecanmakepeoplemoreconcernedaboutclimatechange问题4选项A.moreattentionshouldbepaidtopsychologicalaspectsB.imitationshouldbeminimizedoravoidedC.morepopularizationshouldbedoneaboutitsdangerD.somerestrictionsshouldbemadeonpeople’sspendingpattern【答案】第1题:D第2题:C第3题:D第4题:A【解析】1.推理判断题。文章第一段和第二段主要讲了人的从众性心理，第一段借助同事说的Ifitwasreallysobad,they'ddosomething（如果真的那么糟糕，他们会做些什么）来表示人们总是指望其他人去行动；通过第二段中的“烟雾实验”对比的结果可知，其他人的不作为会使我们低估对我们自身安全的威胁，因此D选项“等别人先采取行动”符合题意。2.推理判断题。由文章第三段中的内容可知，面对环境恶化，除了来自环保主义的声音，没有人提及关心这个严峻的问题，采取不作为的态度。这个深层次的原因是Thepartofourbrainthatisprogrammedtoimitatedominatesthepartcuedtoself-preservation—especiallywhenthethreatsarecomplexandlong-term.（与大脑中提醒我们自我生存的那一部分相比，我们大脑中用来模仿他人的那一部分占了上风。当我们面临的威胁复杂且具长期性时，更是如此）可知C选项“效仿他人的不作为”符合题意。3.推理判断题。文章第四段讲述了教授通过让学生观看影片并用心理学知识加以解释，会使这些学生将来的行动的积极性提高，可推测在正确的引导下，人们行动的积极性可以提高，根据文章提到气候变化，因此D选项“适当的指导可以使人们更加关注气候变化”最为恰当。4.主旨大意题。文章首先通过分析指出，从众心理使人们面对气候变化缺乏行动，然后指出正确利用从众心理可以使人们行动起来，全文一直都是从心理角度来提出解决气候变化的问题，因此A选项“应该更关注心理学层面”符合题意。6.问答题Thetextanddialoguebelow(A)focuson(B)culturaldifferencesbetweenChineseandWesternsocietieswhich(C)cancreatemisunderstandingifignoring(D).【答案】试题答案：D;ignored【解析】考查分词用法。ignore与其逻辑主语culturaldifference之间是被动关系，故用其过去分词形成。7.单选题Don'tbehardonLilly.Sheis（ ）andshemaystarttocry.问题1选项A.sophisticatedB.sympatheticC.sensitiveD.sensible【答案】C【解析】考查形容词辨析。sophisticated意为“老练的，见过世面的”；sympathetic意为“同情的，有同情心的”；sensitive意为“敏感的，易受影响的”；sensible意为“理智的，明智的”。句意：别对莉莉太苛刻。她很敏感，她可能会哭了。8.单选题Nuclearwastesareconsideredto（ ）athreattohumanhealthandmarinelife.问题1选项A.exposeB.applyC.imposeD.pose【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。expose意为“揭露，揭发”；apply意为“应用，运用”；impose意为“推行，迫使，利用”；pose意为“造成(威胁、问题等)，引起，产生”。句意：核废料被认为对人类健康和海洋生物造成威胁。9.单选题Idon’treallyknowjohnallthatwells;he’sjusta（ ）acquaintance.问题1选项A.randomB.formalC.haphazardD.casual【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。random意为“任意的”；formal意为“正规的”；haphazard意为“偶然的，随意的”，一般指的是物；casual意为“偶然的”，acasualacquaintance意为“点头之交，偶然相识”。句意：我并不怎么了解约翰；我们只不过是泛泛之交。10.单选题Thesefigures（ ）nosignificanceastheyarestatisticallyimperfect.问题1选项A.contributetoB.attachtoC.conformtoD.amountto【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。contributeto意为“有助于，贡献”；attachto意为“贴，系”；conformto意为“符合，遵照”；amountto意为“共计，归结为”。句意：这些数字没有任何意义，因为它们在统计上不完美。11.单选题Getashirtonesizelargerthanyouusuallywear,becausethismaterial（ ）whenyouwashit.问题1选项A.fadesB.decreasesC.retreatsD.shrinks【答案】D【解析】考查动词辨析。fade意为“变暗，衰退，衰落”；decrease意为“减少，降低”；retreat意为“撤退，后退”；shrink意为“收缩，缩小”。句意：穿一件比你平时穿的大一点的衬衫，因为这个 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 洗过后会缩水。12.问答题 Iwouldadvise(A)younottopressthematter(B)toohardorbecomeconvincingthat(C)moneydoesnotmatter(D).【答案】试题答案：C;becomeconvincedthat  【解析】考查固定句型。convince意为“使相信，说服”，一般用于convincesb.that...（使某人相信……），其被动结构为：sb.beconvincedthat...本句为：you...becomeconvincedthat...13.单选题Heusually（ ）hisemotionsandappearscalm.问题1选项A.holdsupB.holdsbackC.holdsonD.holdstight【答案】B【解析】考查动词辨析。holdup意为“举起”；holdback意为“退缩，忍住，抑制住”；holdon意为“等一下，坚持不懈，握住”；holdtight意为“抓紧，抓牢，暂不行动”。句意：他通常会控制自己的情绪，表现得很平静。14.问答题We'dratherhavelongwaitsthan(A)noshiftingofthescenes,and(B)alltheactorson(C)thestagedoing(D)nothing.【答案】试题答案：B;with  【解析】考查独立主格。with表示伴随状况，其结构为：with+名词/代词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语。15.单选题（ ）,policewouldnotprosecuteyou.问题1选项A.ProvidedthatyoucooperatedwithusB.ProvidedthatyouwillcooperatewithusC.ProvidedthatyouhavecooperatedwithusD.Providedthatyouwouldcooperatewithus【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。对现在事实进行虚拟，从句：If主语+过去时（be动词用were），主句：主语+should/would/could/might+do。providedthat意为“假如，设若”。句意：假如你和我们合作，警察就不会起诉你的。16.单选题Herhonestyis（ ）,nobodycandoubtit.问题1选项A.outofthequestionB.withoutquestionC.inquestionD.besidethequestion【答案】B【解析】考查词组辨析。outofthequestion意为“不可能的，不必谈的”；withoutquestion意为“毫无疑问”；inquestion意为“考虑之中的，被谈论着的”；besidethequestion意为“不相关，不切题”。句意：她的诚实是毫无疑问的，没有人能怀疑它。17.单选题Idon’tthinkthebuildingwaswell（ ）andconstructed.问题1选项A.deceivedB.perceivedC.conceivedD.achieved【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。deceive意为“欺诈”；perceive意为“意识到，察觉到”；conceive意为“想出，构想，设想”；achieve意为“取得”。句意：我觉得这栋建筑构思不太巧妙，也修建得不太好。18.单选题Agoodscientist（ ）intoallaspectsofaprobleminordertofindsolutions.问题1选项A.pricksB.pokesC.probesD.peers【答案】C【解析】考查动词辨析。prick意为“刺，扎，戳”；poke意为“戳，捅”；probe意为“追问，探究”；peer意为“凝视”。句意：一个好的科学家会探究一个问题的所有方面去找到解决 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 。19.单选题Opinionpollsarenowbeginningtoshowareluctantconsensusthat,whoeveristoblameandwhateverhappensfromnowon,highunemploymentisprobablyheretostay.Thismeansweshallhavetofindwaysofsharingtheavailableemploymentmorewidely.Butweneedtogofurther.Wemustasksomefundamentalquestionsaboutthefutureofwork.Shouldwecontinuetotreatemploymentasthenorm?Shouldwenotratherencouragemanyotherwaysforself-respectingpeopletowork?Shouldwenotcreateconditionsinwhichmanyofuscanworkforourselves,ratherthanforanemployer?Shouldwenotaimtorevivethehouseholdandneighborhood,aswellasthefactoryandtheoffice,ascentersofproductionandwork?Theindustrialagehasbeentheonlyperiodofhumanhistoryinwhichmostpeople’sworkhastakentheformofjobs.Theindustrialagemaynowbecomingtoanend,andsomeofthechangesinworkpatternswhichitbroughtmayhavetobereversed.Thisseemsadauntingthought.But,infact,itcouldoffertheprospectofabetterfutureforwork.Universalemployment,asitshistoryshows,hasnotmeanteconomicfreedom.Employmentbecamewidespreadwhenth