初中英语同义句转换(方法)

初中英语同义句转换1、陈述句中肯定句变为否定句，大部分是用not来改变谓语结构，但也有借用否定意义的词，如nothing,nobody,none,neither,little,few,never,hardly等，例如：：A：Tomdoeswellinmaths.B：Tomdoesn’tdowellinmaths.A：Hehasmuchtodo.B：Hehasnothingtodo.A：Allofmyclassmateslikeart.B：Noneofmyclassmateslikesart.2、改为疑问句。根据上下句的结构和词的减少，来判断变为哪一种形式的疑问句。例如：A：Mybrotheroftenhasbreakfastatschool.B：Doesyourbrotheroftenhavebreakfastatschool?A：Tom’salreadyweakinEnglish.B：Tom’salreadyweakinEnglish,isn’the?A：Theredlightchangeseverytwominutes.B：Howoftendoestheredlightchange?3、改为感叹句。根据所给的句子结构和单词的词性，来确定使用哪一种感叹句的形式，例如：A：Thisisaninterestingbook.B：Whataninterestingbookthisis!或Howinterestingthisbookis!1、同义词或词组之间的转换。（通常上下句时态保持一致）。常见的同义词或词组有：1.“花费”spend-take-cost-take；2.“到达”getto-reach-arrivein/at；3.“收到…来信”hearfrom-getaletterfrom-receivealetterfrom-havealetterfrom4.“擅长于…”begoodat-dowellin5.“有空”befree-havetime；6.“入睡”gotosleep-gettosleep-fallasleep；(7)“玩得开心”enjoyoneself-haveagoodtime；(8)“给…打电话”callsb-telephonesb-ringsb.acall-makeatelephonetosb.(9)“飞往…”flyto…-goto…byair/plane(10)“自学”teachoneself-learn…byoneself(11)在…方面帮助help…with…-help…(to)do…(12)在…差beweakin…-dobadlyin…(13)能/会…can-beableto更喜欢…like…betterthan…-prefer…to…(15)充满了…befullof…-befilledwith…(16)放弃干…giveupdoing…-stopdoing…(17)不再…nolonger-not…anylonger(18)照顾/保管takecareof…-lookafter(19)展览onshow-ondisplay(20)阻止…干…stop…fromdoing-keep/prevent…fromdoing…(21)由于thanksto-becauseof…(22)举手handsup-putupone’shands(23)最后，终于atlast-intheend(24)与…不同bedifferentfrom…-benotthesameas…(25)从…借入…borrow…from…-lend…to…(26)乘公汽/火车/的goto…bybus/train/taxi-takeabus/trainto(27)乘自行车去…goto…bybike-rideabiketo…(28)为…感到自豪beproudof…-betheprideof…(29)步行去…walkto…-goto…onfoot(30)独自地byoneself-alone等。例如：A：Thechildrenhadagoodtimeinthepark.B：Thechildrenenjoyedthemselvesinthepark.2、同义句型之间的转化。常见的同义句型有①Itseemsthat从句→Somebodyseems（tobe）+adj/n②It’skindofsb.todo…→Somebodyiskindtodo…③Whatdoes…mean?→Whatdoyoumeanby…?或What’sthemeaningof…?④Thereissomethingwrongwith…→Somethingiswrongwith…⑤not…until…与when/after/before引导的时间状语从句的转换⑥What’swrongwith…?→What’sthemattewith…?⑦Howis…?→What’s…like…?⑧Howdoyoulike…?→Whatdoyouthinkof?⑧It’stimethat…→It’stimeforsb.todo…⑨It’ssaidthat…→Peoplesaythat…⑩CanIhelpyou?→WhatcanIdoforyou?例如：A：IwenttobedafterIfinishedmyhomework.B：Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomework.3、if引导的条件状语从句的转化。例如：A:Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,they’llgotothepark.B：Unlessitrainstomorrow,they’llgotothepark.A：Ifyoudon’thurry,you’llbelate.B：Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.A：Fishcan’tliveifthereisnowater.B：Fishcan’tlivewithoutwater.4、现在完成时态中的一句多译。在现在完成时态中，结束性动词不能与时间段连用，必须改成相应的延续性动词。常见的动词转换有：buy-have,borrow-keep,die-bedead,open-beopen,join-bein+组织/bea+成员,begin-beon,leave-beawayfrom,close-beclosed,arrivein/getto/come/goto-bein/at,finsh-beover,gotosleep-beasleep，getup-beup.例如：Theoldmandiedfivemonthsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadsincefivemonthsago.Theoldmanhasbeendeadforfivemonths.It’sfivemonthssincetheoldmandied.Fivemonthshaspassedsincetheoldmandied.5、简单句与复合句之间的转换。①含宾语从句的复合句与简单句的转换。例如：AIsawtheywereplayingfootballontheplayground.Bsawthemplayingfootballontheplayground.A：Theteacherfoundthatshewasveryclever.B：Theteacherfoundherveryclever.A：HefoundthatitwashardtolearnEnglishwell.B：HefoundithardtolearnEnglishwell.A：Wearesurethatwewillwintofirstmatch.B：Wearesuretowintofirstmatch.由疑问代词/副词引导的宾语从句可转化为“疑问句+不定式”结构。例如：A：CouldyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?B：Couldyoutellmehowtogettotherailwaystation?A：Wedon’tknowwhatweshoulddonext.B：Wedon’tknowwhattodonext.②由when/after/before/while/since/until引导的时间状语从句可转化为when/after/before/while/sine/until+doing…例如：A：Theywenthomeaftertheyfinishedtheirwork.B：Thewenthomeafterfinishingtheirwork.A：MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincehecametoChina.B：MrSmithhastaughtEnglishsincecomingtoChina.Whensb.+be+数词+yearsold→attheageof+岁数A：Whenhewastwelveyearsold,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.B：Attheageoftwelve,Edisonstartedwritinghisownnewspaper.③由so…that…引导的结果状语从句可转化为too…todo或…enoughtodo……例如：A：TheboxissoheavythatIcan’tcarryit.B：Theboxistooheavyformetocarry.或：Theboxisn’tlightenoughformetocarry.A：Thechildissooldthathecangotoschool.B：Thechildisoldenoughtogotoschool.④由sothat引导的目的状语从句可转化为inordertodo例如：A：Myfathergotupearlythismorningsothathecouldcatchtheearlybus.B：Myfathergotupearlythismorninginordertocatchtheearlybus.⑤由because引导的原因状语从句可转化为becauseof…例如：A：Wedidn’tgototheparkbecauseitrained.B：Wedidn’tgototheparkbecauseoftherain.⑥定语从句可以转化为介词短语或分词短语。例如：A：ThemanwhoisonthebikeisJim.B：ThemanonthebikeisJim.A：Themanwhoisdrivingtheredcarismyboss.B：Themandrivingtheredcarismyboss.A：ThegirlwhoiscalledMaryismysister.B：ThegirlcalledMaryismysister.6、用并列连词neither…nor；either…or…；both…and…；notonly…butalso…连句。例如：A：Ihaven’tseenaTVplayforlong,andLilyhasn’teither.B：NeitherInorLilyhasseenaTVplayforlong.A：Tomisgoodatmaths,andheisgoodatFrench,too.B：TomisgoodatbothmathsandFrench.neither…nor…,either…or…和notonly…butalso…连接两个主语时，谓语动词依靠近它的主语而定，即“就近原则”，但是both…and用来连接两个主语时，谓语复数。7、主动语与被动语态的互变。“主动”变“被动”实行“三变二不变”原则。“三变”即是主语，谓语和宾语的变化，“二不变”即时态不变，句式不变。例如：A：Theymakewatchesinthetown.B：Watchesaremadebytheminthetown.A：Icanfinishtheworkbeforeeight.B：Theworkcanbefinished（byme）beforeeight.A：DotheygrowriceinSouthChina?B：IsricegrowninSouthChina?注：使役性动词make或感观性动词see/watch/lookat/hear/listento/feel在主动语态中所带省to的不定式宾补变为被动语态时，必须加上to.A：Isawhimtakeyourumbrella.B：Hewasseentotakeyourumbrella.8、形容词、副词二级之间的转化，例如A：Chineseisthemostimportantsubjectofall.B：Chineseismoreimportantthananyothersubject.A：Thisexerciseiseasierthantheothertwo.B：Thisexerciseistheeasiestofthethree.