emuch n写作技巧与注意事项

SCI写作技巧与注意事项By中国农业大学洪惠honghuicau@126.com1文章的重要性•Publishorperish（或者）—科研成果：如果没有，就等于不曾存在；—科研：没有论著，职业生涯将难以为继•文章不是万能的，但没有文章是万万不能的2稿件处理 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 3如何了解本领域TOP期刊：4食品领域Top20期刊5建立个人文献库•放在文献的文章必须看过，挑选过的。•把暂时不知道分类的文章放在inbox文件夹，定期整理分类。6用光速搜索快速搜索文献名使用PDF阅读器进行文献内部检索8避免重复Assert,argue,believe,committotheidea,show,Reportconclude,discover,thatlearn,state,note,observed,drawnattentiontothefact,AsXpointsout,10“a,an,the”的用法•上文提到过的人或事：Heboughtahouse.I'vebeentothehouse.•用在序数词（first，second）和形容词，及形容词only，very，same等前面•用在某些由普通名词的名称、机关团体、、等专有名词前：thePeople's中民theUnitedStates美国11“a,an,the”的快速检查方法12避免使用长句子•一般一个句子超过60个单词就可定义为长句子•简短的句子更能强调句子的含义,句子越长读者越难句中哪部分最重要。ThetrendthatthepHvaluesdecreasedsignificantly(P<0.05)initiallyandthenincreasedwasobservedforbothrawandsaltedtreatmentsduringthe72hstorageat3℃,withtheinitialvalueof7.15±0.05and7.20±0.03respectively,whichweresimilartosalmonwhoseinitialpHvaluewas7.1-7.2reportedbyBjørlykke.(2011),buthigherthanchannelcatfish6.6(Silva.,1993),andseabream6.12(Goulas.,2004).13避免冗长和累赘•Rheumaticfeverisanautoimmunedisease.•Itisgenerallyacceptedinthefieldofmedicinethatrheumaticfeverisanautoimmunedisease.•找出最重要的信息，然后省略掉不重要的。14避免冗长和累赘•多余的词和短语是对其他的词和短语的过度修饰。•例：HighpHvalueshavebeenobservedtooccurinareasthathavebeendeterminedtohavefewpinetrees.•修改：HighpHvaluesoccurinareaswithfewpinetrees.15避免冗长和累赘•下列单词在文中毫无意义，可以并应该予以省略：actually,basically,essentially,fairly,much,really,practically,quite,rather,several,very,virtually•下列括号中的词均属多余，应予省略:(already)existing,at(the)present(time),(basic)fundamentals,blue(incolor),cold(temperature),(completely)eliminate,(currently)underway,each(individual),eachandevery[二选其一],(end)result,estimated(roughly)at,(final)outcome,first(andforemost),(future)plans,(main)essentials,never(before),period(oftime),reasonis(because),(still)persists,(true)facts16重要的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 放在句首Bringthemainideatothebeginningofthesentencestatinganylocations,reasons,time,etc.,afterwards.•Incorrect：Regardlessofthenanoparticlesize,nanoZnOwasmoretoxicthanothernanomaterials.•Correct：NanoZnOwasmoretoxicthanothernanomaterials,regardlessofthenanoparticlesize.Owingto,accordingto,basedon,when……17重要的内容放在句首•Incorrect：BasedonthetriangulationstructurebuiltfromunorganizedpointsoraCADm,theextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissection.4•Correct：TheextendedSTLformatisdescribedinthissectionbasedonthetriangulationstructurebuiltfromunorganizedpointsoraCADm.•Incorrect：WhenUistakenasthecontrolparameter,theBDsareshowninFig.8.•Correct：Figure8showstheBDswhenUistakenasthecontrolparameter.18‘Inthispaper’,‘inthisstudy’勿在以下两种情况下使用：•在引言和结论部分，强调文章的内容•在文章其他部分参照作者未完成的工作，如在其他杂志文章或 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 里。19数字的使用1.句首不要用数字2.描述一般量的信息不要用数字•Incorrect：12parameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.•Correct：Twelveparameterswereselectedfortheexperiment.•Incorrect：All3studiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30°C.•Correct：Allthreestudiesconcludedthatthemeantemperatureshouldbe30°C.20‘Figure’and‘Table’的使用•Incorrect：Figure.6,Figure6,Fig.6,Tbl10•Correct：Figure6,Fig.6,Table10,Tbl.1021This，these的用法“this，these”必须紧接着一个名词一起使用。避免指代不明改前：Ifaspecimenisfrozeninabathcontainingdryiceandacetone,thewaterofthecellcanberemovedbysublimationtopreventdamagetothecell.Thisiscommonlyusedforpreservationofcultures.改后：Ifaspecimenisfrozeninabathcontainingdryiceandacetone,thewaterofthecellcanberemovedbysublimationtopreventdamagetothecell.Thistechniqueiscommonlyusedforpreservationofcultures.22避免名词堆砌当名词一个紧接一个出现时，让人很难它们彼此间的关系，以及这一组词到底 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达什么意思。例：culturedrattrachealendothelialcells（小鼠内皮培养细胞）正确表达：culturesofendothelialcellsfromthetracheasofrats23优先使用动词•动词会使文章充满活力与力量，相反，如果以名词表述动作，动词就会被、削弱，句子则显得晦涩、冗长。•例1：Theirsuggestionforuswasadifferentanalysisofthedata.•修改：Theysuggestedthatweanalyzethedatadifferently.•例2：Anincreaseintemperatureoccurred.•修改：Temperatureincreased.24读者/编辑对英文句子的期望•Readersexpectfamiliarinformationatthebeginningofasentence•传递信息要先旧后新•每次开始写一句话的时候先问你所陈述的概念前文是否有解释。•修改前：Samplesfor2-dimensionalprojectionofkinetictrajectoriesareshowninFigure7.Thecoilstatesarelooselygatheredwhilethenativestatescanformablackclusterwithextremehighdensityin2-dimensionalprojectionplane.•修改后：KinetictrajectoriesareprojectedontoxxandyyvariablesinFigure7.Thisfigureshowstwopopulatedstates.Oneorrespondstothelooselygatheredcoilstateswhiletheotheristhenativestatewithahighdensity.25读者/编辑对英文句子的期望•Maculardegenerationisaffectedbydiet.OneofthedietcomponentsthatinfluencestheprogressionofmaculardegenerationisvitaminB6.AlthoughvitaminB6seemstoreducetheriskofmaculardegeneration,itmayhavesomesideeffects.26读者/编辑对英文句子的期望•Readersexpecttheactionverb（行为动词）immediatelyafterthesubject（主语）•主语之后立马接行为动词，避免句子头重脚轻，理想的英文句子结构：短主语+紧接行为动词+长宾语。•改前：Afreshnessindexcalledtheglobalstablityindex(GSI)applicabletofollowthevariationofmulti-qualityindicesofbigheadcarp(Aristichthysnobilis)headsduringdifferenttemperaturesstoragewasevaluated.•改后：weevaluatedafreshnessindexcalledtheglobalstablityindex(GSI)applicabletofollowthevariationofmulti-qualityindicesofbigheadcarp(Aristichthysnobilis)headsduringdifferenttemperaturesstorage27的几种写法•信息强调型（在Introduction使用较多）Shrinkingmarketsarealsoevidentinotherareas.Thewoolindustryisexperiencingdifficultiesrelatedtofallingdemandworldwidesincethedevelopmentofhigh-qualitysyntheticfibres(Smith2000).•被引作者强调型（在讨论部分使用较多）（1）Shrinkingmarketsarealsoevidentinotherareas.AsSmith(2000)pointedout,thewoolindustryisexperiencingdifficultiesrelatedtofallingdemandworldwidesincethedevelopmentofhigh-qualitysyntheticfibres.28的几种写法•（2）Shrinkingmarketsarealsoevidentinotherareas.Smith(2000)arguedthatthewoolindustrywasexperiencingdifficultiesrelatedtofallingdemandworldwidesincethedevelopmentofhigh-qualitysyntheticfibres.However,Jones.(2004)foundthatindustrydifficultiesweremorerelatedtoqualityofsupplythantodemandissues.Itisclearthatconsiderabledisagreementexistsabouttheunderlyingsourcesoftheseproblems.•该方法一般用在表示对被引内容持怀疑态度。29的几种写法•弱被引作者强调型（在Introduction使用较多）•Severalauthorshavereportedthatthewoolindustryisexperiencingdifficultiesrelatedtofallingdemandsincethedevelopmentofhigh-qualitysyntheticfibres(Smith2000,Wilson2003,Nguyen2005).Forexample,Smith(2000)highlighted...30Tips•不要在句首使用缩略词，如Fig.•不要写‘bythisway’.用‘bydoingthis’,or‘usingthismethod’代替•不要在句首写‘Howto…’，如Howtofindtheoptimalparameteristhemainobjective•尽量少用obviously，用significantly代替•避免过多使用‘thatistosay’和‘namely’.•不要在句尾写“too”•数字和之间要有空格，不同之间也需要空格。如10mmolm-2s-1shouldbe10mmolm-2s-131结语Write,rewrite,andrewriteagain.Noonegetsitrightthefirsttime.32参考文献1.如何提高文章被的机会，，《中国科学》杂志社2.=blog&view=me3.Preparingyourresultsforpublication,HansLambers,SchoolofPlantBiology,TheUniversityofWesternAustralia4.HowtoWriteaWorldClassPaper,FromtitletoreferencesFromsubmissiontorevision,September2009,Elsevier5.WritingScientificResearchArticles:StrategyandSteps,MargaretCargillandPatrickO’Connor6.HowtoPrepareScientificPublications,BaoshanXing,7.HowtowriteapaperforChemicalEngineeringScience,Prof.AntonMiddelbergBE(Hons),MA,PhD,FTSE,FIChemE33