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《英语惯用法》xin

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《英语惯用法》xinEnglishUsage衡阳师范学院外语系xxx Except,but Whydidn’tMarygo? Shewouldhavegoneexceptshedidn’thavetime.虚拟语气的用法现在时间 IfIwereabird,I’dflytoyouatonce. 如果我有地图,我就借给你. IfIhadamap,Iwouldlendittoyou. 过去时间 IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairpor...

《英语惯用法》xin
EnglishUsage衡阳师范学院外语系xxx Except,but Whydidn’tMarygo? Shewouldhavegoneexceptshedidn’thavetime.虚拟语气的用法现在时间 IfIwereabird,I’dflytoyouatonce. 如果我有地图,我就借给你. IfIhadamap,Iwouldlendittoyou. 过去时间 IfIhadknownthatyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavemetyouattheairport. 如果我们早点找到他,我们或许已把他救活了. Ifwehadfoundhimearlierwemighthavesavedhislife.将来时间 Ifitshouldraintomorrow,wemighthavetoputoffthepicnic. 如果下学期他努力学习,他是会考及格的. Ifheshouldworkhardnextsemester,hewouldpasstheexamination.与将来事实相反条件句动词形式: 1.Iftheshipleftatnoon,itwouldpassthroughthecanalbetween2:00and2:30p.m. 2.Iftheshipshouldleaveatnoon,itwouldpassthroughthecanalbetween2:00and2:30p.m. 3.Iftheshipweretoleaveatnoon,itwouldpassthroughthecanalbetween2:00and2:30p.m..虚拟语气在从句中的用法 主语从句 Itisessentialthatthismissionnotfail. 在法庭辩论之前她必须要掌握所有的证据. Itisessentialthatsheshouldgetallthefactsbeforethecourtdebatestarts. 废除这项税收是合适的 Itisappropriatethatthistaxshouldbeabolished.  用于这类虚拟语气中的表语为形容词或过去分词,常用的有: advisable,appropriate,best,desired,crucial,essential,important,requested,incredible,preferable,natural,ordered, possible,insisted,better,desirable,demanded,arranged,decided,necessary,strange,urgent,required,suggested,vital,ridiculous,imperative,recommended等.宾语从句 Sheinsistedthathegoshoppingwithher. 医生要求立即给病人做手术. Thedoctoraskedthatthepatientshouldbeoperatedonatonce.  常用的引起这类虚拟语气的宾语从句的动词有: determine,urge,request,recommend,propose,command,maintain, deserve,desire,advise,prefer,vote,suggest,require,order,beg,move,insist,decide,demand,ask等. Wish IwishIwereyoungandenergeticforever.(与现在的实际情况不同时,从句动词用过去式,be用were);   Shewishesshehadnevermethim.(与过去的实际情况不同时,从句动词用had+过去分词”或couldhave+过去分词)  e.g.IwishIcouldhavesleptlongerthismorning,butIhadtogetupandgotoclass. 表语从句和同位语从句 谓语动词形式:(should)+动词原形 Ourdecisionisthattheschoolremainclosedforthetimebeing. Theyexpressedthewishthattheybegivenmorefreetime. 常引起此类表语从句和同位语从句的名词有: wish,idea,request,insistence,necessity,requirement,recommendation,proposal,decision,demand,plan,resolution,instruction,importance,preference,suggestion,order,motion(提议),desire,advice等.定语从句 在Itishigh/abouttimethat…结构中,谓语动词通常用过去式,(be用were) Itishightimeyoumadeupyourmindaboutchoosingacareer.  其他用法: wouldrather,wouldsooner用来表示主观愿望时,从句中用过去式指现在或将来,用过去完成时指过去. I’dratherthatyoutoldhimaboutit. Iwouldratherthatyoutoldhimaboutit. IcouldgomyselfbutIwouldsooneryouwent. 我自己也能去,但我宁愿你去. 1.Ifonlyyouwouldlistentoreason. 2.Ifonlyhewerehere. 3.IfonlyIhadneverbeenmarried. 连词if的省略:在 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 面语中,条件从句可以不用连词if,而将谓语中的过去式were、had或should等移至主语之前: 1.Wereyouinmyposition,youwoulddothesame. Hadhebeeninyourposition,he’dprobablyhavedonethesame. Shouldtheyattackus,we’llwipethemoutcompletely. HadItime,Iwouldcome. 条件从句与结果主句所表的时间不一致: IfIhadspokentohimyesterday,Ishouldknowwhattodonow. Youwouldbemuchbetternowifyouhadtakenmyadvice.含蓄条件句: WhatwouldIhavedonewithoutyou? Thesamething,happeninginwartime,wouldamounttodisaster. Butforyourhelpwewouldn’thavesucceededintheexperiment. Alone,hewouldhavebeenterrified.不用If引导的条件从句: 非真实条件句中的条件从句除了用If引导外,还可以用when,unless,lest,suppose,asif,forfear,incase,oncondition等词语来引导。 UnlessIwerewell,Iwouldn’tbeatschool. SupposeyouweregivenachancetostudyinAmerica,wouldyouaccept?Vt+doingsth表示“避免”、“回避”、“逃避”、“免得”的动词:avoid,evade,shirk,shun,escape,save,miss等等。Willyougototheshopforme?It’llsave(me)atrip=It’llsave(me)goingthere. Theymissedseeingthewonderfulperformance. Iwasluckytomissthetrafficaccident. 我很幸运躲过了车祸。save,preserve,keep,retain,reservesave的含义是使…免于受到损伤、损失或毁坏,有时它含有确保不失去某物,或把某物保存起来以备将来使用的意思。 preserve强调阻抗破坏作用的意思,即“使……保持完好”。 keep是个普通词,可以表示“保存”、“保持”等含义,在表示“防止变坏”时,可以与preserve换用。 retain所表示的“保存”或“保持”的内涵是“防止威胁性或强迫性的夺取”。 reserve的含义是“储备”,与keep的差别仅在于后者是通用词,前者比较正式。 Igavehimsixpenceyesterdayandadvisedhimtosaveit. 我昨天给了他六便士,并建议他把这点钱积存起来。 Thisheadmusthavebeenfoundinclassicaltimesandcarefullypreserved. 塑像的这颗头颅一定在古罗马时代就已经被发现,而且被谨慎地保存着。 Ourclavichordiskeptinthelivingroom. 我们的古钢琴是放在起居室里的。 Chinadishesretainheatlongerthanmetalpans. 瓷器盘子比金属盘子保温时间长。 Therunnerreservedsomeofhisenergyforthefinalspring. 那个赛跑运动员保留着一些力气以备最后的冲刺。2.表示“建议”、“提议”、“提倡”的动词:advise,advocate,recommend,suggest3.表示“禁止”“阻止”等动词:discourage,bar,forbid,prevent,prohibit,proscribe4.表示“停止”“中止”或“放弃”的动词或动词短语:discontinue、stop、giveup、leaveoff、quit等等5.表示“推迟”的动词或动词短语:defer、delay、holdoff、putoff、postpone等等6.表示“承认”“否认”的动词:admit、acknowledge、confess、deny等等7.表示“回忆”“回想”“报道”“提到”的动词:recall、recollect、mention、report等等8.表示“喜爱”“爱好”“乐于”“不愿”“不喜欢”“痛恨”的动词:appreciate、detest、dislike、enjoy、grudge(toresentforhaving)、relish、resent等等Igrudgepayingfor$2forabottleofwine.9.习惯接动名词的其他动词或句型anticipate、consider、contemplate、doubt、excuse、finish、fancy、can’thelp、can’tresist、can’tstick、imagine、involve、keep、mind、miss、necessitate、overlook、practise、resume、resist、risk等等Vt+sb./sth.fromdoingsth.表示“阻止”的动词:deter、discourage、dissuade、hinder、hold、inhibit、keep、prevent、prohibit、stop等等 Hepersuadedhertogotoschool,eventhoughshedidnotwantto.2.表示“禁止”的动词:ban、bar、debar、enjoin、interdict等等3.表示“使残废”“使无能”“使不必”“使不受”“使分心”等动词:disable、disqualify、distract、incapacitate、protect、save、excuse等等 Inmystate,physiciansandlawyersareexcusedfromjuryduty. 在我看来,医生和律师都应免除当陪审团的义务Vt+sb.intodoingsth.表示“欺骗”的动词:deceive(瞒骗)trick(恶作剧,捉弄)fool(deceive)、liedelude(deceive欺骗到一个程度,致使受骗人无法分辨真伪,或做出可靠的判断)Inveigle(通过哄骗、奉承或花言巧语而达到目的)trap(诱骗)juggle(篡改以欺骗)bamboozle(通过戏弄的,令人迷惑的或狡猾的劝服进行欺骗,较少用于正式场合) jump(吓唬以欺骗) hoax(愚弄) coax(耐心哄骗) kid(哄骗) charm(施以魅力以欺骗) dupe(利用他人的易动感情或幼稚进行欺骗) entrap(诱陷) lure(用象鱼饵似的东西来吸引)rope(非正式愚弄,欺骗)seduce(诱惑使脱离职责、公认的准则或适当的行为,通常指摆脱道德的约束力)cozen(通过哄骗劝诱或引诱)cajole(以甜言蜜语哄骗)con(通过先赢得他或她的信任后再欺骗)wheedle(用甜言蜜语哄骗)beguile(通过友好的 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 引诱、欺骗的意思)jockey(trick)bluff(deceive)hoodwink(通过诡计进行欺骗)wile(引诱,诱骗:通过使用诡计来影响或怂恿;诱使)entice(诱惑)2.表示“吓唬”和“强迫”的动词:browbeat(暗指持续不断地运用高压的、轻蔑的或傲慢的策略)frighten(用恐吓来强迫)intimidate(暗指迫使人行动或使人不再行动的令人害怕的力量的存在或运行)、bludgeon(暗示使用粗俗挑衅的或好斗的手段bully(以强凌弱)、bulldoze(通过使用威胁的手段调整所有敌对的态度)coerce(通过采用压力、威胁或恐吓强制按某种方法行动或思考;强迫) Compel+sb.todosth. Drive+sb.todosth. Dutycompelledthesoldierstovolunteerforthemission. 责任驱使军人必须志愿加入此任务 Make,have Make(have)+sb.dosth. Shemadehimleave. 她迫使他离开 Ihadmyassistantruntheerrand. 让我的助手跑腿3.表示“驱使”的动词:galvanizegoadhurryprovokestimulatesting等等 Thefearoflosingtheirfreedomgalvanizedthemintofightingback. 可能丧失自由的恐惧激发他们行动起来进行还击。 Goad(hurryprovokestimulatesting)+sb.intodoingsth. Goad(hurryprovokestimulatesting)+sb.todosth. Theygoadedhimintoenteringthepitchdarkbasementbysayinghewasacoward. "他们说他是个胆小鬼,从而煽动他走进了漆黑的地下室。“ Heclaimedthatitwasherrudenessthatprovokedhimtostrikeher. 他声称是她的无礼惹得他打了她。 4.表示“劝说”“误导”argue,talk,persuade,misguide,mislead arguedtheclerkintoloweringtheprice. 极力说服售货员降低价格 Nothingcanpersuadehertochangehermindonceitismadeup. 一旦她下定决心就没有什么可以说服她改变主意 Don'tlethisfriendlymannermisleadyouintotrustinghim. 不要让他那种友好的态度使你误信他。名词性从句 主语从句:Whatshedidisnotyetknown. 宾语从句:Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed. 表语从句:Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher. 同位语从句: Theproposalthatheputforwardistobediscussedatthemeeting. Theproposalthatweshouldimportmoreequipmentfromabroadistobediscussedatthemeeting.同位语从句 从句与先行词同位或等同,没有修饰关系,句中的that是连词,不能充当句中的任何成分。 先行词多为:conclusion,fact,news,idea,thought,question,reply,report等 WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome? Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration. Einsteincametotheconclusionthatthemaximumspeedintheuniverseisthatoflight.形容词性从句 ThestudentwhoansweredthequestionwasJohn. Iknowthereasonwhyhewassoangry. AnewmasterwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman. Aletterthatiswritteninpencilisdifficulttoread. Allthatglittersisnotgold. HecamelastnightwhenIwasout. TheplacewhereImetyouwasaclassroom.副词性从句(时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、比较、方式、目的、结果) Whenshecomes,Ishalltellhertowaitforyou. Theywerecriticizedwhenevertheywerelateforschool. Youshouldputthebookwhereitwas. Whereveryougo,youshoulddoyourworkwell. Ishallgotomorrowunlessitrains.(条件) Sinceyousayso,Isupposeitistrue. Althoughshehasalotofmoney,sheisunhappy.(让步) Shedancesasgracefullyashersister.(比较) WheninRomedoastheRomansdo.(方式) Theteacherunderlinedthewordssothatthestudentsmightpayspecialattentiontoit.(目的) Thewindwassostrongthatwecouldhardlymoveforward.(结果)分析下列复合句中的从句的功能 Whatshedidisnotyetknown. Whoevercomesiswelcome. Itisnotknownyetwhethertheywillcometoday. Itisstrangethathehadmadeamistake. Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher. Thequestioniswhethertheywillbeabletohelpus. ThatshesaidsuchathingIsimplydon’tbelieve. Idoubtwhetherhewillsucceed.Someidioms1)Everydoghashisday.凡人皆有得意日Olddogwillnotknownewtricks.老狗学不出新把戏。Iftheolddogbarks,hegivescounsel.不听老人言,吃亏在眼前(老狗叫,给忠告)。2.TheplannerswerebusybypassingtheGordianknot.计划者为回避这个棘手的问题,忙得不可开交。3.Thenewmanagerfoundthatnoneoftheseniorstafflikedhim,buthesooncutthatGordianknotbydismissingthemall.新上任的经理发现高级职员都不喜欢他,他很快就快刀斩乱麻,把他们全辞退了。4.Youmaytakeahorsetothewater,butyoucan’tmakeitdrink.牵马河边易,逼它饮水难。老牛不喝水,不能强按头。5.Sheisacat.她是一个坏心肠的女人。6)It’salonglanethathasnoturning.7)It’sawisemanthatnevermakesmistake.8)It’sanillbirdthatfoulsitsownnest.9)It’sanillwindthatblowsnobodygood.10)It’sagoodhorsethatneverstumble.11)It’sawisefatherthatknowshisownchild.知子莫如父父贤知其子wrongright习惯用主动语态表被动意义的情况1、动词:need,require,want,blame,worth betoblame:应受谴责 Iamtoblame.是我不好。 Thechildrenwerenottoblame. 孩子们不应受到谴责。 Thedriverwasnottoblameforthetrafficaccident.那次交通事故不应该责怪司机。2、worth:beworthdoingsth.worthy:beworthytodosth.beworthyofsth.Heisworthytohaveaplaceintheteam.ThisbookisworthyofbeingreadThisbookisworthytoberead.Thisbookisworthreading.易误为不及物动词的及物动词address,await,concern,enter,escape,inhabit,involve,join,meet,marry,divorce,play,resemble,salute,seat,suffer,serve,surviveaddressedmeinlowtonesaddressaletteraddressthemeetingThisconcernsthehealthygrowthofthechildrendeeply.Sheresembleshermotherinthewayshemovesherhandswhenshetalks.Thislessoninvolvesalotofwork.Thematterisseriousbecauseitinvolvesyourreputation.1.escapefromprisonThehotelgueststriedtheirbesttoescapefromtheburningbuilding.2.Hernameescapesme.Thebook'ssignificanceescapedhim.1.Tocauseorassisttositdown:Theusherswillseatthemembersofthebride'sfamily.引座员会引导新娘的家人就座2.Toprovidewithaparticularseat::Theusherseatedmeinthebackrow.引座员给我提供后排的一个座位 Join: Vt. jointwoboardswithnails; joinedhandsinacircle. joinaclub. Vi.: joininthesearch joininagame Divorce: Shegotadivorcefromhimlastyear. 她去年和他离了婚。 Theygotdivorcedlastyear. 他们去年离了婚。 DidMrHilldivorcehiswifeordidshedivorcehim? 是希尔先生要和他太太离婚,还是他太太要和他离婚呢? Play: 1.actas(担任:充当…的角色;扮演…) playedthepeacemakerattheconference. 在会议中扮演调解人 2.topretendtobe(装扮:假装成为…;模仿…的活动) playedcowboy;playedthestar. 装扮成牛仔;装扮成明星 suffer: Vt.:sufferdefeat(misfortune,loss,death,insult,disappointment)遭受,经受:遭受或承受(痛苦的、有害的或不良的东西) Ordinarymenhavealwayshadtosufferthehistorytheirleadersweremaking. 普通人总是不得不承受他们的领袖们制造的历史。 Vi.:sufferfrom: Shewassufferingfromaheadache. 她正经受头痛之苦。 Manypeoplesufferfromagreatdreadofheights. 许多人非常畏高。 serve:Vt.: Sheservedhercountryforfiveyearsinthenavy. 她在海军为国家服役五年 servetea 上茶 serve:Vi.: Thisboxwillserveforaseat. 这箱子可当作座椅。 Survive: Vi.: Themanwasveryill,buthesurvived. 这个人病得很厉害,可是他活下来了。 Vt.: Shesurvivedherhusbandbyfiveyears. 她比她丈夫多活了五年 plantsthatcansurvivefrosts 历经寒霜而存活的植物易误为及物动词的不及物动词adhereto,admitof,advertisefor,allowof,approveof,breakout,copewith,dealwith,dependon,disapproveof,disposeof,discriminateagainst,fearfor,interferein/with,knockout,laughat,operateon/upon,participatein,referto,relyon,replyto,respondto,specializein,subscribeto/for,succeedto,sympathizewith Subscribe: subscribeto: 同意,预订,订阅(报纸、书等) Isubscribetoyours. 我赞成你的 意见 文理分科指导河道管理范围浙江建筑工程概算定额教材专家评审意见党员教师互相批评意见 。 Subscribefor: 预定、订阅(杂志、书等)、捐款、捐助、认购。 Complain: Complainabout(抱怨;埋怨;申诉;控诉;控告) Almostimmediatelyhebegantocomplainabouttheweather. 他几乎马上就开始抱怨起天气来了。 Jeanisalwayscomplainingaboutsomething. 琼总是满腹牢骚。 letalone 更不用说 Hehasn'tenoughmoneyforfood,letaloneamusements. 他连吃饭钱都不够,就更不用说玩的钱了。 Theirancestorshadbeendirtpoorandneversawroyalty,letalonehungaroundwiththem. 他们的祖先穷得要命,从来没有见过王族成员,更不用说和他们在一起了. Require: Allpassengersarerequiredtoshowtheirtickets. 所有乘客都必须出示车票。 requiresth.ofsb. Suchundertakingsrequirethepreciseplanningandforesightofmilitaryoperations. 这样的事情要求有军方的周密部署和预见。 inform informsb.ofsth. Wewereinformedbymailofthechangeinplans. 我们被信告计划的改变。 Thesalesmanageraskedhismentoinformhimofeverythingconcerningthesalesintime. 销售部经理让他手下的人把关于销售量的情况及时报告他。习惯接ofdoingsth./ofsth.的形容词capable,incapable Areyoucapableofclimbingthattree? 你能爬上那棵树吗?2.aware,conscious,ignorant,unaware,unconscious(未意识到,无知) Iwasunconsciousofherpresence. 我不知道她在场。3.afraid,ashamed,chary,fearful,fearsome,frightened,shy,scared,unafraid(害怕,不害怕) Theydidn'tplayvolleyballnearthewindow.Theywereafraidofbreakingit. 他们没在窗子附近打排球,怕把窗子打破了。 4.certain,determinative,doubtful,doubtless,mistrustful,suspicious,uncertain(确定,怀疑) Wearecertainofgoingabroad(thisvictory). 我们一定会出国(获得胜利)。 Sure Wearesureofultimatevictory. 我们相信最终会胜利。 sure与to连用:一定的;必定的 Wearesuretobenefitfromthenewtimetable. 我们肯定会得益于新的作息时间表。 There'ssuretobeafusswhentheownerofthehousefindsthewindow'sbroken. 房子的主人发现窗子被人打破时准会大吵大闹的。5.desirous,fond Bothsidesweredesirousoffindingaquicksolutiontotheproblem. 双方都渴望找到迅速解决问题的办法 Iamnotfondofeatingmeat. 我不喜欢吃肉。 Liable liabletodosth: 有做某事物的倾向 We’reallliabletomakemistakeswhenwe’retired. 人若疲劳谁都有可能出差错. liabletosth: 可能遭到某事 Offendersareliabletofinesofupto$100. 触犯者可予罚款达100美圆. liableforsth.负法律责任 Isawifeliableforherhusband’sdebts? 妻子对丈夫的债务负法律责任吗? 习惯接indoingsth./insth.的形容词absorbed,aggressive,alone,backward,correct,delinquent,effective,efficient,implacable,interested,masterly,premature,punctilious Iamnotaloneindoingthistask. 不只是我一个人做这件工作。 Thechildwasbackwardinlearningtowalk. 那孩子学步较晚。习惯接todosth.的形容词 able,apt,anxious,ambitious,bound,content,curious,delighted,destined,determined,eager,easy,energetic,foolish,frightened,glad,hard,intelligent,indisposed,kind,liable,likely,prone,privileged,raring,reluctant,silly,simple,unfit,unable,unwilling,willing,welcomeWe'reboundtobelate.Shewascontenttostepdownafterfouryearsaschiefexecutive.Iwasdelightedtohearthenewsofyoursuccess.Hewasdestinedtobeanactor.It'sfoolishtoidleawayone'sprecioustime.Heisindisposedtojointhemobilemedicalteam.Thetrainislikelytobelate.Theyarelikelytobecomeangrywithhim.WeareprivilegedtonighttohaveasourdistinguishedguestChairmanoftheCommitteeofForeignAffairs.Thechildwasreluctanttoleavehermother.Iamwillingtooverlookyourmistakes.习惯接ofdoingsth.的名词act,danger,distinction,dream,expectation,duty,gratification,hope,hobby,habit,idea,intention,impossibility,mode,object,purpose,possibility,probability,property,pretense,privilege,prospect,risk,suspicionobject和purpose前如不用the而用one’s,则它们的后面必须接indoingsth.Hisobjectinwritingthebookisclear.Hispurposeincomingherewastomaketrouble.What’syourpurposeincomingbackthistime?Hewenttotownwiththepurposeofbuyinganewtelevision.Noun的惯用法 Wish+todo Ability+todo Aptitude+fordoingsth. Genius+fordoingsth. Competence+todosth. Faculty+todosth. Capability+todosth. Capacity+for/of+doingsth/ Capacity+todosth. Talent+fordoingsth.1.Iwishwehadacar.2.IwishIwere30yearsyounger.3.Iwishyouaveryhappyfuture.4.Hewishedhergoodnight.Vt+sth./oneselftodoingsth.1.表示“把……贡献给”“把……给予”或“把……用于”的动词:apply、contribute、dedicate、devote、give等等2.表示“使……适用于”“使……适合于”或“使……习惯于”的动词:adjust、accommodate、adapt、conform、habituate等等3.reconcile,submit,4.limit,restrict5.abandon,addict“放弃”、“遗弃”:abandon,desert,forsake,quit abandon强调“完全、永远地遗弃”,尤其是指遗弃以前感兴趣或负有责任的人或物,如: Sheabandonedherchild. desert强调“违背誓言、命令、责任、义务等”,如: Thesoldierdesertedhiscountryandhelpedtheenemy. forsake指“遗弃某人以前所爱的人或物”,强调“断绝情感上的依恋”,如: Shepleadedwithherhusbandnottoforsakeher. quit强调“突然地弃去”,常指“停止”,如: Shequittedherjob.V+tosth./doingsth.amount、apply、confess、contribute、descend、own、resort、revert、sink、stoop、see、switch、take、testify、witness等等 amountto: Theirtravelingexpensesamounttosevenhundreddollars. 他们的旅费共达700美元。 Infact,yourambiguouswordsamounttoarefusal. 实际上,你说的那些模棱两可的话等于是拒绝。 Hisdebtsamounttoover$3000. 他的欠债总数已达三千多美元。 Apply: Iwanttoapplyforthejob. 我想申请这项工作。 WhatIhavesaiddoesnotapplytoyou. 我说的话与你无关。 applyone’smind/oneselfto 专心从事,埋头于… Thenewcomerappliedhismindtothejob. 新来的职员工作专心致志。 Studentsshouldapplythemselvestotheirstudy. 学生们应该专心致志地学习。 Own:(常与to连用)承认 Iownthatyouareright. 我承认你是对的。 Imustowntofeelingratheranxious. 我必须承认自己相当忧虑。 Confess:(与to连用)承认 MrFosterconfessedthathe'dbrokenthespeedlimit. 福斯特先生承认自己超速了。 Sheconfessedstealingthemoney. Sheconfessedtostealingthemoney. 她承认偷了钱。 Thegovernmentresortedtocensorshipofthepress. 政府以新闻审查 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 为手段 Sink:下降,降低 Thegroundsinkstothesea. 陆地向海里沉降。 Shesanktotheground. 她瘫倒在地上。 Thatillwomanhassunktosellingherownchild.沉沦到…… Switch (与on,off连用)开关(电器等设备) toswitchtheTVon 开电视 toswitchtheradiooff 关收音机 Heswitchedtheconversationfromonesubjecttoanother. 他转变话题。 Iusedtocookonelectricity,butI'veswitchedtogas. 我过去用电烧饭,但现已换成用煤气了。 taketo 1.Tohaverecourseto;goto,asforsafety: tooktothewoods. 躲到树林里 2.Todevelopasahabitorasteadypractice: taketostudyingEnglish 养成了学习英语的习惯 3.Tobecomefondoforattachedto: Twokeenmindsthattheywere,theytooktoeachother. 越敏锐的两颗心,越容易互相吸引.phrase+to(prep.)doingbe/feelupto、begivento、comedownto、come/gonearto、getdownto、getaroundto、gofarto、lookforwardto、passonto、pleadguiltyto、setone’smindto、whatdo/wouldyousayto、whenitcomesto等等He'sgiventotakinglongwalks.他非常喜欢长途散步。1.直率地面对或处理:Whenyoucomerightdowntoit,youhavetoadmitI'mcorrect.当你真正面对它时,你就必须承认我是正确的2.在意义上相当于:Itcomesdowntothis:themanisacheat.事实是这样:那人是个骗子comedownon命令;强迫;惩罚;斥责HecamedownonmelikeatonofbrickswhenIarrivedlate.我迟到时他对我大发脾气。comedownwith染病,得病:因(一种病)感到身体不舒服camedownwiththeflu.因流感而感到不适Letusnowpassontothenextsubject.现在让我们看看下一个题目。Setone’smindtodoingsth.把精力花在……setone'smindon决心要set(one's)hearton决心做某事set(one's)sightson定目标:Shesethersightsonmedicalschool.她想上医学院prep.phrase+doingsth.Asto(关于)in/withreferenceto(关于)withregardto(关于)withrelationto(关于)withaviewto(着眼于)withaneyeto(着眼于)n+to(prep.)doingsth.aversionadjustmentalternativededicationdislikehindrancekeylimitobjectionoppositionpretencepriorityresistanceadj+todoingsth.equalcomparableequivalentaddictedaverseincidentincidentalpriorpreliminarypreparatorypreviouspreferableunusedunaccustomedused(常与to连用)习惯于…的IamusedtotravellingbyairandonlyononeoccasionhaveIeverfeltfrightened.我习惯了乘飞机旅行,只有一次我可给吓怕了。Youmustgetusedtogettingupearly.你必须习惯于早起。固定搭配persistindoingsth.assistininsistontoinsistontheimportanceofbeingpunctual强调遵守时间的重要Weinsiston/uponself-reliance.我们坚持自力更生。congratulatesb.ondoingsth.Weallassistedinmendingtheroof.我们都帮助修理屋顶。 Prevail (常与on,upon连用)劝说;说服 Willyouuseyourinfluencetoprevailuponthemtosupportthesuggestion? 你能不能利用你的影响劝他们支持这个建议呢?习惯接单数动词的集合名词英语中有些集合名词虽然表示复数意义,但一般习惯接单数动词,这类词都是一些以地点、单位或组织名称表示某地、某单位或某组织的全体人员的名词。常用的有:community,village,town,city,country,world,college,university,factory等等。ThePolishcommunityinBritainhassucceededinkeepingitslanguageandwaysoflifealiveforthirtyyears.习惯接复数动词的集合名词1、表示:“某类人”、“某个群体的人”或“某个阶级(阶层)的人”:Burmese缅甸人,Chinese,English,Japanese,chorus,clergy,elite(精英),folk,gentry(上流社会人士),kindred(aperson'srelatives),laity(外行),militia(民兵),nobility,people,police,posse(武装队),rabble(乌合之众),等等。2、一些表示“动物群体”的名词:cattle,poultryeg:Thecattlearegrazinginthefield.Thepoultryarebeingfednow.3.疾病名词和体育运动名词后的谓语动词是单数。Rabiesisadangerousdisease.Dartsisoneofmyfavoritegames.4.Whatismyweeklywage?我的周工资是多少? Hiswagesare$460aweek.他的工资每星期460美元。 Therailroadworkershaveaskedforawageincrease.铁路工人要求增加工资。 Thewagesofthesinisdeath.报应5.&l
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