常见缓冲液配制

常用缓冲溶液的配制（一）甘氨酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2mol/L甘氨酸+Y毫升0.2mol/LHCl,再加水稀释至200毫升pHXYpHXY2.25044.03.05011.42.45032.43.2508.22.65024.23.4506.42.85016.83.6505.0甘氨酸分子量=75.07。0.2mol/L甘氨酸溶液含15.01g/Lo（二）邻苯二甲酸-盐酸缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾+Y毫升0.2mol/LHCl,再加水稀释至20毫升pH(20C)XYpH(20C)XY2.254.6703.251.4702.453.9603.450.9902.653.2952.650.5972.852.6423.850.2633.052.032邻苯二甲酸氢钾分子量=204.23。0.2mol/L邻苯二甲酸氢钾溶液含40.85g/L。（三）磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲液pH0.2mol/LNa2HPO4(mL)0.1mol/L柠檬酸(mL)pH0.2mol/LNa2HPO4(mL)0.1mol/L柠檬酸(mL)2.20.4019.605.210.729.282.41.2418.765.411.158.852.62.1817.825.611.608.402.83.1716.835.812.097.913.04.1115.896.012.637.373.24.9415.066.213.226.783.45.7014.306.413.856.153.66.4413.566.614.555.453.87.1012.906.815.454.554.07.7112.297.016.473.534.28.2811.727.217.392.614.48.8211.187.418.171.834.69.3510.657.618.731.274.89.8610.147.819.150.855.010.309.708.019.450.55Na2HPO4分子量=141.98;0.2mol/L溶液为28.40g/L。Na2HPO4-2H2O分子量=178.05;0.2mol/L溶液为35.61g/L。Na2HPO4-12H2O分子量=358.22;0.2mol/L溶液为71.64g/LC6H8O7•H2O分子量=210.14;0.1mol/L溶液为21.01g/L。（四）柠檬酸-氢氧化钠-盐酸缓冲液pH钠离子浓度(mol/L)柠檬酸（g）C6H8O7-H2O氢氧化钠（g）NaOH97%盐酸(mL)HCl(浓)最终体积①(L)2.20.2021084160103.10.2021083116103.30.2021083106104.30.202108345105.30.3524514468105.80.45285186105106.50.3826615612610①使用时可以每升中加入1克酚，若最后pH值有变化，再用少量50%氢氧化钠溶液或浓盐酸调节，冰箱保存（五）柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠缓冲液（0.1mol/L）pH0.1mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1mol/L柠檬酸钠（mL）pH0.1mol/L柠檬酸(mL)0.1mol/L柠檬酸钠（mL）3.018.61.45.08.211.83.217.22.85.27.312.73.416.04.05.46.413.63.614.95.15.65.514.53.814.06.05.84.715.34.013.16.96.03.816.24.212.37.76.22.817.24.411.48.66.42.018.04.610.39.76.61.418.64.89.210.8柠檬酸：C6H8O7-电0分子量=210.14;0.1mol/L溶液为21.01g/L柠檬酸钠：Na3C6H5O7-2H2O分子量=294.12;0.1mol/L溶液为29.41g/L。（六）醋酸-醋酸钠缓冲液（0.2mol/L）pH(18C)0.2mol/LNaAc(mL)0.2mol/LHAc(mL)pH(18°C)0.2mol/LNaAc(mL)0.2mol/LHAc(mL)3.60.759.354.85.904.103.81.208.805.07.003.004.01.808.205.27.902.104.22.657.355.48.601.404.43.706.305.69.100.904.64.905.105.86.400.60NaAc-3H2O分子量=136.09;0.2mol/L溶液为27.22g/Lo冰乙酸11.8mL稀释至1L（需标定）。（七）磷酸二氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2mol/LKH2PO4+Y毫升0.2mol/LNaOH加水稀释至20毫升pH(20C)X(mL)Y(mL)pH(20C)X(mL)Y(mL)5.850.3727.052.9636.050.5707.253.5006.250.8607.453.9506.451.2607.654.2806.651.7807.854.5206.852.3658.054.680(八)磷酸盐缓冲液磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钠缓冲液(0.2mol/L)0.2mol/L0.2mol/L0.2mol/L0.2mol/LpHNa2HPO4(mL)NaH2PO4(mL)pHNa2HPO4(mL)NaH2PO4(mL)5.88.092.07.061.039.05.910.090.07.167.033.06.012.387.77.272.028.06.115.085.07.377.023.06.218.581.57.481.019.06.322.577.57.584.016.06.426.573.57.687.013.06.531.568.57.789.510.56.637.562.57.891.58.56.743.556.57.993.07.06.849.051.08.094.75.36.955.045.0Na2HPO4-2H2O分子量=178.05;0.2mol/L溶液为35.61g/L。Na2HPO4-12H2O分子量=358.22;0.2mol/L溶液为71.64g/LNaH2PO4-H2O分子量=138.01;0.2mol/L溶液为27.6g/L。NaH2PO4-2H2O分子量=156.03;0.2mol/L溶液为31.21g/L。(九)巴比妥纳-盐酸缓冲液pH(18°C)0.04mol/L巴比妥钠(mL)0.2mol/LHCl(mL)PH(18°C)0.04mol/L巴比妥钠(mL)0.2mol/LHCl(mL)6.810018.48.41005.217.010017.88.61003.827.210016.78.81002.527.410015.39.01001.657.610013.49.21001.137.810011.479.41000.708.01009.399.61000.358.21007.21巴比妥钠分子量=206.18;0.04mol/L溶液为8.25g/L。（十）Tris-HCl缓冲液（0.05mol/L）50毫升0.1mol/L三羟甲基氨基甲烷（Tris）溶液与X毫升0.1mol/L盐酸混匀并稀释至100毫升pH(25C)X(mL)pH(25C)X(mL)7.1045.78.1026.27.2044.78.2022.97.3043.48.3019.97.4042.08.4017.27.5040.38.5014.77.6038.58.6012.47.7036.68.7010.37.8034.58.808.57.9032.08.907.08.0029.2Tris分子量=121.14;0.1mol/L溶液为12.114g/L。Tris溶液可从空气中吸收二氧化碳，使用时注意将瓶盖严。（H^一）、硼酸-硼砂缓冲液（0.2mol/L硼酸根）pH0.05mol/L硼砂(mL)0.2mol/L硼酸(mL)pH0.05mol/L硼砂(mL)0.2mol/L硼酸(mL)7.41.09.08.23.56.57.61.58.58.44.55.57.82.08.08.76.04.08.03.07.09.08.02.0硼砂：Na2B4O7•10H2O分子量=381.43;0.05mol/L溶液（等于0.2mol/L硼酸根）含19.07g/L。硼酸：H3BO3分子量=61.84;0.2mol/L的溶液为12.37g/L。硼砂易失去结晶水，必须在带塞的瓶中保存。（十二）甘氨酸-氢氧化钠缓冲液（0.05mol/L）X毫升0.2mol/L甘氨酸+Y毫升0.2mol/LNaOH加水稀释至200毫升pHX(mL)Y(mL)pHX(mL)Y(mL)8.6504.09.65022.48.8506.09.85027.29.0508.8105032.09.25012.010.45038.69.45016.810.65045.5甘氨酸分子量=75.07;0.2mol/L溶液含15.01g/L（十三）硼砂-氢氧化纳缓冲液（0.05mol/L硼酸根）X毫升0.05mol/L硼砂+Y毫升0.2mol/LNaOH加水稀释至200毫升pHX(mL)Y(mL)pHX(mL)Y(mL)9.3506.09.85034.09.45011.010.05043.09.65023.010.15046.0硼砂Na2B4O7.10H2O分子量=381.43;0.05mol/L硼砂溶液(等于0.2mol/L硼酸根)为19.07g/L。（十四）碳酸钠-碳酸氢钠缓冲液（0.1mol/L）（此缓冲液在Ca"、M&*存在时不得使用）.pH0.1mol/LNa2CO30.1mol/LNaHCO320C37C(mL)(mL)9.168.77199.409.22289.519.40379.789.50469.909.725510.149.906410.2810.087310.5310.288210.8310.5791Na2CO3•10H2O分子量=286.2;0.1mol/L溶液为28.62g/L。NaHCO3分子量=84.0;0.1mol/L溶液为8.40g/LpH2.5乳酸-乳酸钠缓冲液(0.05mol)A液：称取80%〜90%孚L酸10.6g，加蒸储水稀释定容至1000mL。B液：称取70%乳酸钠16g,加水稀释定容至1000mL。取A液16mL与B液1mL混合稀释一倍即成。pH3.0乳酸-乳酸钠缓冲液(0.05mol)A液：称取80%〜90%孚L酸10.6g，以水定容至1000mL。B液：称取70%孚L酸钠16g,蒸储水溶解定容至1000mL。取A液8mL与B液1mL,混合稀释一倍即成。pH4.0乳酸-乳酸钠缓冲液(0.1mol/L)配制：先0.1mol/L的乳酸、乳酸钠溶液，边混合(最先可乳酸：乳酸钠=4:1)边调节pH至4.0即可