(完整版)高中英语状语从句讲解及练习

状语从句状语从句在句中作状语，可分为：时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。一、时间状语从句引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,as,while,until,not⋯until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time等。时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。1．When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。1)WhenEg:WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.注意点：when从句的主语与主句主语相同，谓语动词是be动词时，从句主语和be可以省略。Eg:When(shewas)walkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.2)AsAs除了表示“当```的时候”，还可表示为“一面```一面”，“随着”Eg:Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面)Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着)3)While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生，从句一般用进行时，从句动词必须是延续性动词。Eg:Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.While(theywere)havingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.注意点：while有对比的含义，解释为“然而”。eg:Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.2．until,not⋯until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词；在否定句中主句常用短暂性动词。肯定句：Iwaiteduntilmidnight.否定句：Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.注意点：1）notuntil在句首，主句用倒装⋯eg:NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.2)Itisnotuntil⋯引导的强调句that⋯Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”eg:Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.注意点：theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirst)time作连词不和when连用。4．Hardly/scarcely⋯when,nosooner⋯than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”eg:Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.注意点：Hardly/scarcely⋯when,nosooner⋯than位于句首，主句用倒装eg:HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.二条件状语从句条件状语从句分为两大类：真实条件句和虚拟条件句。引导条件状语从句的连词有：if,evenif/though,unless/if⋯not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that),onconditionthat等。条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句用一般现在时。1.unless和if⋯notunless相当于if⋯noteg:Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.注意点：在虚拟条件句中可用if⋯not，但不能用unlesseg:Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.2．引导条件状语从句的其它连词：Eg:Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.Eg:Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.Eg:Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.三让步状语从句引导让步状语从句的连词有：though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。1．though,although不可与but连用，但可以和yet,still连用.Eg:Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.注意点：1）though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装)，结构为：强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分，强调对象可为表语（名词、形容词）或状语（副词），表语为名词时，前面不用冠词。Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.2）despite和inspiteof也有让步意义，后接名词或动词，而though,although是连词，后接从句。Eg:Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.Though/althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”eg:Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.注意点：nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句3.evenif/though表示“即使”eg:Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.四原因状语从句引导原因状语从句的连词有：because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等1．becausebecause语气最强，通常用于回答why提出的问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 注意点：在itwas⋯that⋯的强调结构中，强调原因状语从句可用because引导，不用since,as,for引导。Eg:Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.2.since和assince的语气比because弱，比as强，表示间接的，已知的原因，自然的结果，表示“既然，由于”。Eg:As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.3．for当for表示原因关系时，for分句是对第一分句 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 的推断或猜测。Eg:Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.五目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词有：sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。Eg:Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.注意点：lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中，动词可以用虚拟语气，形式为should+动词原形，也可不用虚拟语气，用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。Eg:Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.六结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：sothat,so⋯that,such⋯等thateg:Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.1．常用句型：so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句2．so和such的搭配规律such修饰名词或名词词组，so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。Eg:sofoolishsuchafoolsoniceaflowersuchaniceflowersomany/fewflowerssuchniceflowerssomuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogresssomanypeoplesuchalotofpeople七比较状语从句引导比较状语从句的连词有：as⋯as,than,notso⋯as,themore⋯the等more如：HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does)Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does)Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.连接词than可作为关系代词用。如：HewrotemorethanwasnecessaryDon’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded八地点状语从句引导地点状语从句的连词有:where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等eg:Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.注意点：eg:IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.（地点状语从句）IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.（定语从句）九方式状语从句引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though（一般用虚拟语气，也有用直陈语气的）等。EG：Justdoasyouaretold.Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.在justas---,so---结构中，as带有比喻含义。意为“正如”，多用于正式文体。EG：Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.theway也可引导方式状语从句。EG：youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.基础题1.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.A.andB.butC.asD.unless2.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.A.untilB.unlessC.whenD.before3._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.A.WithoutB.UnlessC.ExceptD.Even4.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless5._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.A.EverytimeB.ThoughC.EvenD.Where6.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?A.whenB.thatC.thoughD.however7.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.A.althoughB.eventhoughC.sothatD.since8.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.A.thatB.thoughC.unlessD.if9.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.A.inthatB.inorderthatC.incaseD.eventhough10.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.A.thanB.whenC.whileD.as11._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.A.MuchB.HoweverC.AsD.Although12.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.A.as;whereverB.though;wheneverC.inspiteof;whenD.that;wherever13.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.A.enoughtiredtogotobedB.tootiredtogotobedC.sotiredthathewenttobedD.verytired,hewenttobed14.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.A.asoldasB.isoldthanC.thatisasoldasD.isasoldas15._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.A.SinceB.OnceC.WhenD.Although16._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.A.AsB.AlthoughC.UnlessD.Inspiteof17.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.A.thanB.asC.whileD.when18._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.A.WhicheverB.HoweverC.WhereverD.Whatever19.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.A.whichB.atwhichC.whenD.where20.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.A.becauseB.soC.ifD.as21.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.A.astwicemanyB.asmanytwiceC.twiceasmanyD.twicemanyas22.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.A.cheaper;notasbetterB.morecheap;notasbetterC.cheaper;notasgoodD.morecheap;notasgood23.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.A.aswellB.aswellasC.sowellD.sowellas24.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,A.hisworksarenotwidelyreadB.buthisworksarenotwidelyreadC.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyreadD.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread25.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As26.—Whatwasthepartylike?—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.whenC.beforeD.since27.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.A.when;thatB.until;thatC.until;whenD.when;then28.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.A.whatB.howC.howeverD.whatever29.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when30._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis1-5CABBA6-10BCCBD11-15BACDD16-20ADCDD21-25CCBAD26-30DBCBD提高题1.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,seaandbeach.（2008全国I卷）A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat2.-----Doyouhaveaminute?I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.（2008安徽卷）A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime3.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.（2008安徽卷）A.whyB.whereC.whichD.that4.Nancyenjoyedherselfsomuch______shevisitedherfriendsinSydneylastyear.（2008福建卷）A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where5._____theInternetisofgreathelp.Idon’tthinkit’sagoodpendideatootosmuchtimeonit.（2008湖南卷）A.IfB.WhileC.BecauseD.As6.Hefounditincreasinglydifficulttoread,______hiseyesightwasbeginningtofail.（2008山东卷）A.thoughB.forC.butD.so7.You’dbetternotleavethemedicine______kidscangetatit.（2008山东卷）A.evenifB.whichC.whereD.sothat8.______hungryIam,Ineverseemtobeabletofinishoffthisloafofbread.（2008辽宁卷）A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhereverD.However9.Iusedtolovethatfilm______Iwasachild,butIdon’tfeelitthatwayanymore.（2008辽宁卷）A.onceB.whenC.sinceD.although10.Asmallcarisbigenoughforafamilyofthree____youneedmorespaceforbaggage.(2008全国II)A.onceB.becauseC.ifD.unless11.Thereweresomechairsleftover_____everyonehadsatdown.四川卷()A.whenB.untilC.thatD.where12.Don’tpromiseanything______youareonehundredpercentsure.（2008浙江卷）A.whetherB.afterC.howD.unless13.—DidyoureturnFred’s（call?2008北京卷）—Ididn’tneedto____I’llseehimtomorrow.A.thoughB.unlessC.whenD.because14.I’msorryyou’vebeenwaitingsolong,butit’llstillbesometime____Briangetback.（2008北京卷）A.beforeB.sinceC.tillD.after15.We’llhaveapicnicintheparkthisSunday_____itrainsorit’sverycold.（2008天津卷）A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.until16.---AreyoureadyforSpain？(2008上海卷)--Yes,Iwantthegirlstoexperiencethat___theyareyoung.A.whileB.untilC.ifD.before17.___wellpreparedyouare,youstillneedalotofluckinmountainclimbing.(2008上海卷)A.howeverB.whateverC.nomatterD.although18.____hehadnothurthisleg,Johnwouldhavewontherace.[2007全国卷II]A.IfB.SinceC.ThoughD.When19.Popmusicissuchanimportantpartofsociety______ithaseveninfluencedourlanguage.[2007上海卷]A.asB.thatC.whichD.where20.Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewater______theyarenotmanagedcarefully.[2007上海卷]A.thoughB.beforeC.untilD.if1-5BCBCB6-10BCDBD11-15ADDAC16-20AAABD