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英语四级大学英语四级考前辅导外国语学院张超CET-4CollegeEnglishTestBand4ThenextwinnerwillbeYOU试卷构成测试内容测试题型比例第一部分:听力理解35minutes听力对话短对话多项选择35%长对话多项选择听力短文短文理解多项选择短文听写复合式听写第二部分:阅读理解仔细阅读理解(25minutes)篇章阅读理解多项选择35%篇章词汇理解选词填空快速阅读理解(15minutes)是非判断+句子填空或其他第三部分:综合测试完型填空或改错(15minutes)多项选择15%错误辨认并改正...

英语四级
大学英语四级考前辅导外国语学院张超CET-4CollegeEnglishTestBand4ThenextwinnerwillbeYOU试卷构成测试内容测试 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 型比例第一部分:听力理解35minutes听力对话短对话多项选择35%长对话多项选择听力短文短文理解多项选择短文听写复合式听写第二部分:阅读理解仔细阅读理解(25minutes)篇章阅读理解多项选择35%篇章词汇理解选词填空快速阅读理解(15minutes)是非判断+句子填空或其他第三部分:综合测试完型填空或改错(15minutes)多项选择15%错误辨认并改正篇章问答或句子翻译(5minutes)简短回答中译英第四部分:写作写作(30minutes)短文写作15%一、测试内容、题型和比例大学英语四级知多少?英语四级710分阅读理解写作和翻译听力理解综合测试按计分分为四大块写作和翻译部分分值比例为20%;其中写作部分(Writing)15%,翻译部分(Translation)5%。写作的体裁包括 议论文 议论文格式议论文递进式结构议论文框架结构议论文文体知识ppt议论文并列式结构 、说明文、应用文等。翻译部分测试的是句子、短语或常用表达层次上的中译英能力。写作和翻译阅读理解部分分值比例为35%;其中仔细阅读部分(ReadinginDepth)25%,快速阅读部分(SkimmingandScanning)10%。仔细阅读部分分为:a)选择题型的篇章阅读理解;b)篇章层次的词汇理解(BankedCloze)或短句问答(ShortAnswerQuestions)。快速阅读理解部分测试的是浏览阅读和查读能力。阅读理解听力理解部分分值比例为35%。其中听力对话15%,听力短文20%。听力对话部分包括短对话和长对话的听力理解;听力短文部分包括选择题型的短文理解和复合式听写。复合式听写:第一遍为全文朗读,中间没有任何停顿;第二遍有间隔停顿,让考生根据所听内容写出所缺单词和句子的大意;第三遍朗读与第一遍一样,没有停顿,主要供考生进行核对。听力理解完型填空或改错部分分值比例为10%。完型填空部分采用多项选择题型,改错部分的要求是辨认错误并改正。综合测试一、写作阅卷的 标准 excel标准偏差excel标准偏差函数exl标准差函数国标检验抽样标准表免费下载红头文件格式标准下载 分为5等:14分、11分、8分、5分和2分。阅卷人员有标准样卷一至二份,参照样卷对考生的作文进行评分。先确定短文档次,然后则上下浮动1分。  (1)14分标准:切题,表达思想清楚,文字通顺,连贯性好,基本上无语言错误,仅有个别小错。  (2)11分标准:切题,表达思想清楚,文字连贯,但有少量语言错误。  (3)8分标准:基本切题,有些地方表达思想不够清楚,文字勉强连贯,语言错误相当多,其中有一些是严重错误。  (4)5分标准:基本切题,表达思想不清楚,连贯性差,有较多的严重语言错误。  (5)2分标准:条理不清,思路紊乱,语言支离破碎或大部分句子都有错误,且多数为严重错误。除了以上五个主要标准之外,评分时还考虑以下三个因素:  (1)白卷,作文与题目毫不相关,或只有几个孤立的词而无法表达思想,则给零分。  (2)字数不足者酌情扣分,所计字数不包括卷面上已给主题句。  (3)只写一段者0~4分,只写两段者0~9分。  累积字数90-9980-8970-7960-6950-59<49扣分123579Friendshipismoreandmoreimportantinourdailylifeasthesunshinestheflowers.Once,thatwehavemanyfriendswhocanbegoodlistenerswhenwefeelhappy,wemustenjoyourlivesmore.Onsecendthoughts,ifwehadn'thavefriendwithotherpeople,wewouldfeelaloneandwewouldbecomeunheathly.However,ifthat,someonewouldconsiderweascrazymenorsomethingwrongwithourheads.Inmordentime,therearemanyfactorstokeepfriends,forexample,loyalty,honesty,tolerance,communication.Butinmyopinion,communicationisthemostimportantthing.Atfirst,wemakefriendsbycommunication.Ifwedidn'tknowanythingaboutother,wecan'tmakefriendswithother.Second,anyhowwearguewitheachothersometimes.Tosolvethisproblem,theonlythingiscommunication.Havingfriendscantakesmilingandhappytous.Sharingonehappinesscanbecometwo.Sowhynotmakingmoreandmorefriends?(147words)Grade:3样卷分数示例Inthemordentime,peoplealsoneedhonesty.Honesty,whichlikesabrigecrossingtherivercontacteachbank,showourturehearts.Theexistingofhonesty,whenweintervieworcommunicationwithotherpeople,canmakebetterpressiontoeachother.Thehonestyisn'toutofdate.Theoldmenneed,wefashionmenneedtoo.Thereisanexampletoillustrate:whenwetakepartintheWTO,thepresentofChiazhutoldusthefirstthingweshoulddowastobecomehonestywehntradewithforeigners.Although,someofforeignersarenothonestyenough,weshouldkeephonestywithoutmoving.Inmyownopinion,becausehonestyisusefulandhelpful,soitisneededandcan'toutofdatepermanent.(121Words)Grade:5WhyColledgeStudentsTakeaPart-TimejobMoreandmorestudentshavepart-timejobstheseyears.ThePart-timejobmakestheirlifebecomecolorful,sothemembersoftakingpart-timejobsarebecominglarger.Whycollegestudentstakeapart-timejob?Thereasonaredifferent.Onereasonisthatsomestudentsarepoor.Theytakeapart-timejobtoincreasetheirincomewhichcanreleivetheloadoftheirparents.anotheristhatsomestudentswanttoexperientsthelifeoutofschool.Theyfeelthelifeinthecollegeisdullandcolorlessandtheywanttochangeit.Theywanttobebusyindoingeverythingthatmakesthemlookslikesuccess.Butthemostimportantreason,Ithink,isthatpart-timejobcangivethechanceoftakingexercise.Itissignificantforcollegestudentstotakeapart-timejob.Although,itwillwastesomeoftime.Itwillgivethemmuchexperienceofjob,whichwillmakethemeasytoadapttothesociety.(158words)Grade:8Thisistoconfirmthatatrafficaccidenttookplaceatabout7:30a.m.onMay13thatthecrossingofZhongyuanRoadandZhenghuaRoad.Thatmorning,Ileftmyhome,asusual,at7:15,andwenttoschoolonmybike.WhenIgottothecrossingabove-mentioned,thetrafficlightturnedyellow.AsaresultIstopped.Allofasudden,ayoungmanonabike,rushedforward,wishingtocrosstheroadbeforethelightturnedred.HardlyhadIsaid“Takecare”inward,Isawthathecrashedintoatrunk.Bikefalls,truckhalts,peoplescreams,theinjuredbleeds---whataterriblescene!Tobetrue,mostpeoplefeelsqueezedbytimeinthemorning,buttimeshould,innocase,begainedatthecostofone’ssecurityoflife.Theyoungman,withnodoubt,shouldbeaccusedinthisaccident,inspiteofhisphysicalinjury.Hopefully,everyoneaswell,shouldtakethisaccidentasalessonandobservethetrafficregulationsstrictly.(173words)Grade:122004年6月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteAbriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheguidelines:Yourrole:atourguideYouraudience:agroupofforeigntouristsYourintroductionshouldinclude:●somewelcomingwords●theschedulefortheday●adescriptionoftheplacethetouristswillbevisiting(e.g.ascenicspotorahistoricalsite,etc.)Youshouldmaketheintroductioninterestingandthearrangementsforthedaycleartoeverybody.AbriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction近年CET-4作文题目2005年1月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteACampaignSpeech.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheguidelinegivenbelowinChinese:1.你认为自己具备了什么条件(能力、性格、爱好等)可以胜任学生会主席的工作2.如果当选,你将为本校同学做些什么ACampaignSpeech2005年6月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayinhonorofteachersontheoccasionofTeacher’sDay.youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、向老师致以节日祝贺2、从一件难忘的事回忆老师的教诲和无私的奉献3、我如何回报老师的关爱Teacher’sDay2005年12月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayentitledShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、名校校园正成为旅游新热点2、校园是否应该对游客开放,人们看法不同3、我认为ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?2006年6月CET-4(新题型)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheirlectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:1.有些大学允许学生自由选择某些课程的任课教师2.学生选择教师时所考虑的主要因素3.学生自选任课教师的益处和可能产生的问题OnStudentsSelectingLecturers2006年6月CET-4(老题型)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteaposterrecruitingvolunteers.YoushouldwriteatLeast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.校学生会将组织一次暑假志愿者活动,现招募志愿者2.本次志愿者活动的目的、活动安排等3.报名条件及联系方式VolunteersNeeded2006年12月CET-4(新题型)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutetowriteashortessayonthetopicofstudentsselectingtheirlectures.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:1.许多人喜欢在除夕夜看春节晚会2.有些人却提出取消春节晚会3.在我看来……SpringFestivalGalaonCCTV2007年6月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthetopicofWelcometoourclub.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbellow:1.本社团的主要活动内容2.参加本社团的好处3.如何加入本社团WelcometoOurClub2007年12月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledWhatelectivestochoose.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、各大学开设了各种各样的选修课2、学生因为各种原因选择了不同的选修课3、以你自己为例……Whatelectivestochoose2008年6月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledRecreationalActivities.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、娱乐活动多种多样2、娱乐活动可以使人们受益,也可能带来危害3、作为大学生,我认为RecreationalActivities2008年12月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledLimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBagsYoushouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、一次性塑料袋曾广为使用2、由此带来的问题3、限制使用一次性塑料袋的意义LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags2009年6月CET-4Direction:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayaboutFreeAdmissiontoMuseums.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1、现在越来越多的博物馆免费开放;2、有人认为这样不好;3、我的观点。FreeAdmissiontoMuseums  2009年12月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledCreateaGreenCampusYoushouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.建设绿色校园十分重要2.绿色校园不仅指绿色环境3.为了建设绿色校园我们应该……CreateaGreenCampus2010年6月CET-4Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledDueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1、如今不少学生在英语学习中不重视拼写2、出现这个现象的原因是3、为了改变这种状况,我认为DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling2010年12月CET-4 Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledHowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.1.目前不少父母为孩子包办一切2.为了让孩子独立,父母应该……HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?四大写作题型1、观点表述型:要求对一个常见社会问题,或学生所关心的话题进行描述,分析之,并提供解决方法。考题举例:OnStudentsSelectingLecturers(2006.6新)SpringFestivalGalaonCCTV(2006.12)Whatelectivestochoose(2007.12)LimitingtheUseofDisposablePlasticBags(2008.12)CreateaGreenCampus(2009.12)DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpelling(2010.6)HowShouldParentsHelpChildrentoBeIndependent?(2010.12)2、对立观点型:一般分为三点提纲,即“有人认为……”“另外一些人认为……”“我认为……”这种题型要求考生陈述某一个有争议的话题的正面观点、反面观点和作者观点。考题举例:ShouldtheUniversityCampusBeOpentoTourists?(2005.12)RecreationalActivities(2008.6)FreeAdmissiontoMuseums(2009.6)3、记叙文:记叙某件事情发生过程的文章。考题举例:Teacher’sDay(2005.6)4、应用文:此类题型实用性较强,紧跟社会形势和校园实际,出题形式灵活。考题举例:ABriefIntroductiontoaTouristAttraction(2004.6)ACampaignSpeech(2005.1)VolunteersNeeded(2006.6老)WelcometoOurClub(2007.6)论说文通常要求学生提出观点,并用事实或例子给予论证,然后或下结论,或提出解决 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ,或提出希望。所以,考试中论说文的结构大体如下:描述现象,观点说明(第一段)观点论证(中间部分)结论、方案或希望(结尾)DueAttentionShouldBeGiventoSpellingNowadaysfewerandfewerstudentspayattentiontotheirword-spelling.Accordingtoarecentsurvey,thereisadramaticincreaseinthenumberofstudentswhocanonlyimitatethepronunciationofawordbutbeincapableofspellingit.InthisessayIwilldiscussthefactorsofthisphenomenonandoffermyownviewonit.Thereareanumberoffactorscanbeaccountableforthissituation.OneofthemostcommonfactorsisthatfewerandfewerstudentsneedtowriteEnglishessays.Besides,thegoalofmoststudentstolearnEnglishistospeakitandpasstheexaminationwhichmeanstheyjustneedtoselectthesimilarwordsaccordingtothelisteningmaterialsandpassages.Perhapsthemostcontributingfactoristhewideuseofelectronicdevicessuchase-dictionariesandcomputersandstudentsnolongerneedtocorrectthewordsbythemselves.AsfarasI’mconcerned,Ifirmlyarguethatweneedtoattachgreatimportancetoword-spelling.Tothestudents,theyshouldwriteEnglishasmuchastheycan.Meanwhile,totheteachers,thedictationsshouldbereinforcedintheclass.2007年12月CET-6之改编篇:Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheInternetAge.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.如今网络得到越来越广泛的使用,例如……2.网络的使用对人们工作、学习和生活产生的影响NowadaysmoreandmorepeoplecometorealizetheimportanceofInternet.Internethasbecomeanunalienablepartofoureverydaylife.Thereareavarietyofreasonsforthisphenomenon.OneimportantreasonisthatInternetenablespeopletocommunicatewitheachothermoreconveniently.Forinstance,QQandMSNconnectpeoplefromdifferentcorneroftheworldmoreclosely.What’smore,Internetprovideseasierwaysforpeopletofindtheinformationtheywant.PeoplecanobtainalotofinformationeasilyfromsuchsearchingenginesasGoogle,Baidu.Finally,Internetmakesourworkandstudymoreefficient.DistanceeducationviaInternethelpsagoodmanypeoplegetaccesstohighereducation.IamlookingforwardtoadaywhenpeoplecanlivetogetherwithmoreharmonywiththehelpofInternet.应试作文写作步骤1.审题(1分钟)1)抓住文章的中心和范围,确定文章主题2)确定文章的体裁(议论文/描写文/记叙文/混合)3)记住文章的字数要求,CET-6要求不少于150字。2.构思(mind-mapping,2分钟)在草稿上写如下方面的内容:1)想到的与主题有关的词汇或句型;2)与主题可能相关的观点3.提纲(outlining,3分钟)考虑并确定以下内容:1)分几段;2)每段的主题,考虑几段的主题是否有重合,每段主题如何过渡?3)每段的主题发展方式(列举、例证、定义、说理、分类等)应试作文写作步骤4.开始写作(20分钟)写作中注意以下几点:1)如果能记住模板,尽量用现成的;2)表达以清楚、明晰、直接为第一要素,尽量避免语法和拼写错误;3)按提纲构思写作,除非确有必要,不能更改提纲,否则慌乱之中,容易将自己的作文写得不连贯;4)不会表达的地方,要么改换一种说法,要么将需要表达的东西换成自己能表达的内容,不能勉强;5)注意在可能的情况下使用倒装句、复合句、强调句以增加句式的变化。5.检查修改(5分钟)1)内容是否围绕了主题?2)列举的事实或例子是否说明主题?3)每一段是否有主题句?句与句间过渡是否使用了过渡词汇或其他过渡手段?4)是否有语言基础错误,包括:主谓语形式是否一致?动词时态是否正确?代词有没有混乱的情况?有没有缺少主语或谓语的破碎句?有没有单词拼写、大小写、标点方面的错误等?作文预测与思维训练1.现在大学校园里,迟到、早退、旷课是常见的现象2.保证学生的出勤率对大学教育的重要性3.作为一个大学生应该怎样做AttendYourClassesRegularly1.学生给老师打分已经普遍2.人们对其持不同态度3.我的看法Students’RatingofTheirTeachersAttendYourClassesRegularlyNowadaysitisaverycommonphenomenonthatsomeuniversitystudentsarelatefororevenabsentfromclasses.Andstilltherearesomestudentswhoslipoutoftheclassroombeforetheclassisover.Classattendancehasbecomeathornyproblemtoboththestudentsandteachers.Infact,itisveryimportantforthestudentstoattendtheirclassesregularly.First,itwillensureyoutocatchupwiththeteachersinyourlearning.Thatisveryhelpfultoyouifyouwanttodoagoodjobinyourstudy.Second,attendingclassesregularlyisawayofshowingrespecttoyourteachers,too.Yourteacherswillfeelbadifthestudentsdonotattendtheirclasses,which,inturn,willaffecttheirteachingandbenogoodforthestudents.Third,attendingclassesregularlywillhelptoformagoodhabitofpunctuality,whichisofgreatimportanceforthestudentstodoagoodjobinthefuture.Therefore,weuniversitystudentsshouldformthegoodhabitofattendingourclassesregularlyfromnowon.Andsomedaywe’llbenefitfromit.Students’RatingofTheirTeachersNowadays,ithasbecomeascommonincollegesanduniversitiesforstudentstogradeteachersasforteacherstogradestudents.Insomeuniversitiesstudents’ratinghasevenbecometheonlysourceofinformationonteachingeffectiveness..This,however,hascausedgreatcontroversy.Someareinfavoroftheratingsystem,Theyholdthatsincestudentsattendtheteachers’classeseveryday,theyshouldhavetheiropinionabouttheirteachers’effectiveness.Others,onthecontrary,arestronglyagainstit.Theybelievethatthereismuchmoretoteachingthanwhatisshownonstudents’ratingforms.Studentsshouldnotbeexpectedtojudgewhetherthematerialstheyuseareuptodateorhowwelltheteacherknowsaboutthesubject.Thesejudgmentsrequireprofessionalknowledge,whichisbestleftfortheteachers’colleagues.Ithinkstudents’ratingoftheirteachersisnecessary,butitshouldbeconductedinawaythatcanreallyshedmeaningfullightonteachers’performance.Insteadofratingtheteachers’knowledgeonthesubject,studentsshouldbeaskedtoestimatewhattheyhavelearnedinacourse,andtoreportonsuchthingsasateacher’sabilitytocommunicatewithstudents,hisorherrelationshipwithstudents,andhisorherabilitytoarousestudents’interestinthesubject.作文思维训练1.近几年出现了大学生就业难的现象2.产生这种现象的原因(如大学生追求的目标过高,专业不对口等)3.如何解决这一问题(改变就业观念,大学生再培训等)CollegeStudents’JobHunting1.全球变暖对地球环境造成了很大影响2.引起全球变暖的原因3.我们需要采取的措施EnvironmentalProtectionCollegeStudents’JobHuntingInrecentyears,collegestudentsfinditincreasinglydifficulttogetajob.Itsoundsstrangesinceyoungcollegestudentsareusuallyintelligent,well-educatedphenomenon,aspirantandeagertobringtheirtalentintofullplay.Thenwhatunderliesthestrangephenomenon?Thereareseveralreasonsforthis.Tobeginwith,nowadayscollegestudentsaimtoohigh.Alltheywantare“good”jobswhichcouldoffergoodsalary,comfortableworkingconditions,highsocialstatusamongothers.Consequently,mostcollegestudentsareunwillingtoacceptvacantjobstheyconsidernot“good”enough.Anotherreasonisthatthereisabiggapbetweenthemajorssomestudentsstudyinschoolandthedemandsofvacantjobs.Socompaniesthinksomestudentsarenotfitforthejobs.Solutiontotheproblemrequireseffortsonboththesocietyandthestudents.Thecompaniesshouldvaluethestudents,talentandknowledgewhilethelattershouldnotmerelyaimatmaterialgains.Theyshouldbedown-to–earthinbuildinguptheircareer.Furthermore,theyshouldfacetheirweakpointssoastoimprovethemselvesandbemorecompetent.EnvironmentalProtectionNoone,regardlessofrace,religionornationality,candenythattheworldweliveinisbecomingincreasinglyintolerablebecauseoftheeffectsofglobalwarming.Accordingtomanyexperts,evengreaterimpactsarestillontheway.Therearenumerouscausesforthisproblem.Ononehand,human-relatedemissionsofcarbonintotheatmosphereiscausing,andwillinthefuturecause,significantglobalwarmingaccordingtothetheory.Ontheotherhand,thelackofknowledgeabouttheimportanceofprotectingenvironmenthindersthesolvingoftheproblem.Itisurgentthatimmediateandeffectiveactionsshouldbetakenrightaway.First,moretreesneedtobeplantedtohelpimproveandbeautifytheenvironment.Besides,stricterlawsconcerningglobalwarmingandirresponsibleuseoffuelresourceshavetobeputintoeffectandachievedgoodresults.Inaword,thereisalongwaytogobeforewecantakeacomfortableworldforgrantedagain.二、快速阅读答题步骤:1.仔细阅读文章标题以及文章第一段;2.略读全文(尤其要注意有小标题的文章的小标题),确定文章主体意思,了解文章主要讲的是什么;3.仔细阅读题目,并锁定定位词;4.速读文章,找到相应句子,5.根据文章所述,选择正确答案。注意:找到第一小题后,再看第二小题。看一个题,做一个;不要把文章看完再做题,或题看完再读文章。找定位词需要注意的是:A.不能用中心思想词定位,因为整篇文章都说的是它。B.时间、数字、地点、大写字母的单词容易定位。C.比较长,难的名词容易定位,好找。D.定位词找2—3个就行,多了也记不住。最好是位置不同的两个词。E.详略得当:对于大学英语四级快速阅读测试来说,根据题目的“题眼”(定位词),快速在文章中找到答案是最关键的,这样我们就要在阅读时注意详略得当。克服精读精益求精的习惯,做到有信息处精读,无信息处略读,略读处一扫而过。几种问题设计类型1.题文同序即文章的句子和题目中,所设计问题的句子顺序是一样的。2.注意分解分解对应四分法(快速阅读的解题核心):快速将问题分解成4个部分(主A谓B宾C+其他D),与原文进行对比。此法在填空题目时尤其管用。3.概念替换即原文中出现的同一个意思,在题目中以另外一种表达方式出现。常见的有同义词替换、句型替换、paraphrase等。三条考场建议1.自信心一个人要想在快速阅读上获得成功,首先要有自信心,在快速阅读时,自信心是很重要的,寻找答案的时间过去得很快,唯有充满自信,才能不为困难所吓倒,勇往直前。2.集中注意力快速阅读的同时还要求快速记忆,这就要求在阅读时,不仅要阅读,而且要记,要理解,这是一个高难度的思维活动,没有集中的注意力是很难保证“速读”的完成。3.快速理解──快速阅读的催化剂"理解"就是利用已有的知识 经验 班主任工作经验交流宣传工作经验交流材料优秀班主任经验交流小学课改经验典型材料房地产总经理管理经验 ,去获得新的知识经验,并把新的知识经验纳入已有的知识经验系统中,理解可分为直接理解和间接理解。直接理解就是在瞬息之间立刻实现的,不需要任何中间思维过程,与知觉融合在一起,在这种情况下,主要是通过瞬间忆起以前所得的知识,选取立刻所需要的知识。三、阅读理解测试题目种类1.全域类题目SubjectMatter,Attitude/Tone2.细节类题目SupportingDetails,Inference,Vocabulary3.推理性题目CauseandEffect,Reasoning解决办法找主题思想SubjectMatter(SM中心思想)是作者在文章中要表达的主要内容,是贯穿全文的核心。作者在文章中努力通过各种SupportingDetails来阐明中心议题。因此,把握主要思想对于全文内容理解具有重要意义。熟悉测试的人都知道,这类问题常被列为5题之首。然而,如何找出主题常使考生倍感棘手。因为他们总希望通过某个词或某句话找到答案,而找主题往往需要通读全文后才能做出判断。  针对SM问题,应采用快速阅读法(Skimming)浏览全文,理解文章主旨大意。阅读时要注意,体现中心思想的句子在文章中位置的不同。在阅读时,文章的开头、结尾及段落的段首句和段尾句特别重要,因为他们往往包含文章的中心议题(SM)。  根据不同的文章,这类问题可分为主题型、标题型和目的型。主题型一目了然,就是找中心(MainIdea);标题型是为文章选择标题(Title);目的型就是推断作者的写作意图(Purpose)。题形举例1)What’sthemainideaofthewholepassage?2)What’sthesubjectofthisselection?3)Thepassageismainlyabout_______.4)Thepassagedealswith________.5)Whichofthefollowingbestsummarizes/reflectsthemainideaofthepassage?6)Themajorpointdiscussedinthepassageis_______.7)Thepassagecouldbetitled________.8)Inthispassage,theauthorfocuseson________.9)Themostsuitabletitleforthispassageis______.10)Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?11)Whatisthispassagemainly(primarily)concerned?12)Themainthemeofthispassageis___________.13)Thetitlethatbestexpressesthethemeofthepassageis___________.14)Thepurposeofthewriterinwritingthispassageis_________.15)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepassageasawhole?16)Thebestsummaryofthispassageis_________.17)Thearticlewaswrittentoexplain_________.细节理解题这种题形通常按照文章顺序,在问题中依次出现,在回答此类问题时,应采用查读法(Scanning),因为这些具体内容(Details)是用来说明、论证或分析文章中心的。这类题目常以“WH-”形式来提问,如who,what,when,where,why及how等形式。这些问题的表达常不采用文章中的原话提问,而是使用同义词语等,因此,在选择答案前应首先看准题干,看清问题所问究竟;然后,在查读时注意寻找与题目相关的关键词语;最后,在充分理解原文、原题的基础上确定正确答案。当然,这类细节性问题所涉及的面是很广的。有的涉及数字计算,如问时间、距离、次数、数量等,认真计算后方可选定正确答案;有的涉及正误判断,要先看选项,根据选项提供的线索,寻视文中相应部分,最后在题中选出肯定答案;还有的寻问事实、原因、结果、目的等。总之,做细节题切忌通过自己对某类知识的主观了解和认识做出想象判断,一定要紧扣文章内容,不可随心所欲。常见问题种类(1)WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtotheinformationinthepassage?(2)Whichofthefollowingismentionedinthepassage?(3)Whatistheexampleof...asdescribedinthepassage?(4)Theauthormentionsallofthefollowingexcept...(5)Thereasonfor...is...(6)Theauthorstatesthat...(7)Accordingtothepassage,when(where,why,how,who,etc.)...(11)Whichofthefollowingisnotconsideredas…?(8)Thesentence“…”means…(9)Whatdoesthesentence“…”means?推理性题目推理不但要求掌握文章所表达的字面含义,还要掌握一定的逻辑判断能力及写作技巧知识,从文章表面推出更深层含义,这部分往往出题分量大,难度大,出错也最多,其原因归根结底是对文章内容没有做到真正的理解和掌握。推理题要求应试者根据自己从文中获得的信息进行推理判断。这类题的答案一般不会直接出现在文章的文字里面,需要从字里行间去体会作者的意图,要学会从作者已经表明的观点、陈述的事实等出发推断作者的意图。这类题常见的主要有对原因、结果、观点、立场等的判断。最关键的是从短文中找出作者观点,千万不能凭主观臆断选择答案.常见问题类型A.针对文章内容、结构等进行判断推理:1.Fromthepassagewecandrawtheconclusionthat______.2.Itisimplied/indicated/suggestedthat______.3.Whatconclusionscanbedrawnfromthepassage?4.Itcanbeinferred/concludedfromthepassagethat_________.5.Whatdoestheparagraphpreceding/followingthisoneprobablydiscuss?6.Wecaninferfromtheparagraphthat_______.7.Thereportseemstoincludethat_______.8.Paragraph2indicatesthatfiftyyearsago_______.9.What’simpliedbutnotstatedbytheauthoristhat________.B.针对作者的观点、态度、语气等进行判断推理:1.Howdoestheauthorfeelabout…?2.Intheauthor’sopinion,…?3.Theauthorseemstobeinfavorof_______.4.Theauthorseemstobeagainst________.5.Theauthorseemssorryabout______.6.Whichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheauthor’sattitudetowards…?7.Thetoneoftheauthoris_________.8.Itcanbeinferred/concludedthattheauthor’spurposeofwritingthispassageisto_____.9.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthoragreewith?10.Whichofthefollowingwilltheauthordisagreewith?一些需要注意的表示作者观点的词汇optimistic(乐观的),pessimistic(悲观的),cautious(审慎的),enthusiastic(热情的),objective(主观的),subjective(主观的),arbitrary(武断的),neutral(中立的),positive(肯定的),critical(批评的),compromising(折衷的),indifferent(漠不关心的),positive(积极的),negative(消极的),approval(赞成的),disap
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