初中英语谓语从句宾语从句的用法

初中英语谓语从句宾语从句的用法 篇一:初中英语宾语从句的用法 教学目标: 1.掌握宾语从句的语序。 2.掌握引导宾语从句的各种连词。 3.掌握宾语从句中，主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应。 教学重点、难点: 宾语从句的语序。引导宾语从句的各种连词。宾语从句中，主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应。 教学过程: 一、宾语从句的定义:宾语从句就是作(及物动词、介词或某些形容词)宾语的部分是由句子来充当。因此把这样的句子(含有从句)叫做复句。引导宾语从句的引导词分为三类,即: 表示陈述语气用that , 表示一般疑问语气含有“是否,能否”的意思whether 和if引导(表示特殊疑问语气由特殊疑问词引导(宾语从句可做动 词宾语,介词宾语,及某些形容词的宾语. 例如: 1. He wrote me a letter, saying that he would pay a visit to 1 China next week. (动宾) 2、I wonder if you could spare me a few minutes.(动宾) 3、The teacher is quite satisfied with what you have done. (介宾) 4、Mother was very pleased that her daughter had passed the exams. (形宾) 二、过好“三关”学习宾语从句: (一)过引导词关 1、连词that(在口语中that常可省略)，if, whether,如: He knows that Jim will work hard. 连接代词who, whom, which等，如: Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for? 连接副词 when, where, how, why等，如: Could you tell me how we can get to the station? 2、由that引导的宾语从句，如: I don’t know (that )Tom was late again 篇二:初中英语宾语从句专项语法讲解 初中英语宾语从句 宾语从句:主+谓+宾语 复合句语序 1)从句是陈述句，用“that ”引导(无意义) 2 (2)从句是一般疑问句用“if/whether ”来引导+陈述语序(陈述句) 3)从句是特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词引导+陈述句 时态及人称变化 随主句时态而变化 若主句是一般现在时，从句时态不变; 若主句是过去时，从句时态往前提一格; He tells me that he will go to shanghai” He told me that he would go to shanghai” He asked the woman if /whether he could help her 3.He asked the woman “what Can I do for you?” He asked the woman “ 练习:一.翻译句子 完成下列宾语从句: 1. Please tell me _______________________. (我们什么时候开会) 2. Can you tell me _______________. (他在哪儿) 3. Could you tell me ______________________. (我该怎么去车站) 4. Would you tell me _________________(为什么火车迟到了) 5. I want to know _____________________. (他是否跟我们一起去公园) 3 6. Ask him _____________________. (他是否能来) 7. I don't know ___________________________.(是 否要下雨) 把下列句子变成含有宾语从句的复合句。 1. The tickets are in my pocket. The man says. The man says___________________ 2. I have joined the League. He says. He says________________________ 3. The earth goes round the sun. Our teacher tells us. Our teacher tells us________________________________________ 4. Have you heard of anything about Mei? The man asks us. The man asks us_____________________________________ 5. Can you swim? Please tell me. Please tell me_________________ 6. How can we do the work well? I always think of ___________________________________________ 7. When do you go to bed? He asks me. He asks me _________________ 4 8. Where did you meet Mr Green? I want to know___________________________________________ 9. What are they drawing? Do you know? I want to know_____________________________________ 10. Where do they stop on the way? I ask. 11. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? _____________________________________________________ 12. Do they like to make friends with us? He asks. _____________________________________________________ 13. I am doing my homework. He says. _____________________________________________________ 14. I will come back. Tom says. _____________________________________________________ 5 15. Is he doing his homework? Jim asks. _____________________________________________________ 16. When will he come back? Tom asks. _____________________________________________________ 17. How can I get to the station? Could you tell me? _____________________________________________________ 18. Why is the train late? Would you tell me? _____________________________________________________ 19. Where is Tom? They asks. ________________________________________________ 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 : 1.Please tell me when we are going to have a meeting. (我 们什么时候开会) 2. Can you tell me where he is?(他在哪儿) 6 3. Could you tell me the way to the station? (我该怎么去 车站) 4. Would you tell me why the train is late?(为什么火车迟 到了) 5. I want to know whether he will go to the park with us. (他是否跟我们一起去公园) 6. Ask him if he can come. (他是否能来) 7. I don't know whether it will rain (or not).(是否要 下雨) 1. The tickets are in my pocket. The man says. The man says that the tickets are in his pocket. 2. I have joined the League. He says. He says he has joined the League. 3. The earth goes round the sun. Our teacher tells us. Our teacher tells us the earth goes round the sun. 4. Have you heard of anything about Mei? The man asks us. The man asks us whether we have heard of anything about Mei. 5. Can you swim? Please tell me. Please tell me whether you can swim. 6. How can we do the work well? 7 I always think of how we can do the work well. 7. When do you go to bed? He asks me. He asks me when I go to bed. 8. Where did you meet Mr Green? I want to know where you met Mr Green. 9. What are they drawing? Do you know? I want to know what they are drawing. 10. Where do they stop on the way? I ask. I ask where they stop on the way. 11. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me? Could you tell me what you will speak at the meeting? 12. Do they like to make friends with us? He asks. He asks whether they like to make friend with us. 13. I am doing my homework. He says. He says he is doing his homework. 14. I will come back. Tom says. Tom says he will come back. 15. Is he doing his homework? Jim asks. Jim asks if he is doing his homework. 16. When will he come back? Tom asks. Tom asks when he will come back. 17. How can I get to the station? Could you tell me? 8 Could you tell me how I can get to the station. 18. Why is the train late? Would you tell me? Would you tell me why the train is late. 19. Where is Tom? They ask. They ask where Tom is. 初中英语宾语从句专项语法讲解 在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。 1(语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述 语序，即“主句，连词，宾语从句(主语，谓语，??)”句式。 根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种: 1)连接词，谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接 词有: who，what，which等。如: Could you tell me who knows the answer，please,你能告 诉我谁知道答案吗,The small children don't know what is in their stockings(这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么 东西, 2)连接词，名词，谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。 常见的连接词有:whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如: He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class(他 问我们班上谁的 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 法最好。 9 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room(老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词，主语，谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m)，what，which，how many，how much， when，why，how，where，if ,whether(在句中不充当任何成分)等。如: He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi(他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ,你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗, 4)连接词，名词，主语，谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what，which，how many，how much，how等。如: Do you know which class he is in ,你知道他在哪个班吗, She asked me if I knew whose pen it was(她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 2(连接词 1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如: He said that he could finish his work before supper(他说他会在晚饭前完 10 篇三:初中英语语法——宾语从句 宾语从句 一、概述 宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。 简单句She knew the teacher(宾语)复合句 She knew that the teacher had seen the film.(宾从) 二、宾语从句 1(语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句，连词，宾语从句(主语，谓语，??)”句式。根据连接词在从句中所担任的不同成分，可分为以下四种: 1)连接词，谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who，what，which等。如:Could you tell me who knows the answer，please,你能告诉我谁知道答案吗, The small children don't know what is in their stockings(这些小孩子不知道袜子里有什么东西. I don't know which belongs to my father. 2)连接词，名词，谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。 11 常见的连接词有:whose，what，which，how many，how much等。如: He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class(他问我们班上谁的书法最好。 The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room(老师问我们房间里有多少人。 3)连接词，主语，谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m)，what，which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充当任何成分)。如: He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi(他还没决定是否去无锡旅行。 Could you tell me what I should do with the money ,你能告诉我我如何处理这笔钱吗, 4)连接词，名词，主语，谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what，which，how many，how much，how等。如: Do you know which class he is in ,你知道他在哪个班吗, She asked me if I knew whose pen it was(她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。 2(连接词 12 1)当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词 义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如: He said that he could finish his work before supper(他说 他会在晚饭前完成工作。 2)当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引 导，意为“是否”。如:I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 但在下列情况下只能用whether: ? 在具有选择意义，又有or或or not时，尤其是直接与 or not连用时，往往用whether(if? or not也可以使用)。如: Let me know whether /if he will come or not.(=Let me know whethe or not he will come) I don't know whether/if he does any washing or not.(=I don't know whether or not he does any washing.) I wonder whether we stay or whether we go. ? 在介词之后用whether。如: I'm interested in whether he likes English(我关心的 是他是否喜欢英语。 We're thinking about whether we can finish the work on time. I worry about whether I hurt her feelings(我担心是否伤 13 了她的感情。 ? 在不定式前用whether。如: He hasn't decided whether to visit the old man(他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。 I don't know whether to go(我不知去否。 He hasn't decided whether to go by bus or by train(他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。 ? whether置于句首时，不能换用if。如: Whether this is true or not，I can't say(这是否真的我说不上来。 ?引导主语从句和表语从句时宜用whether。如: Whether she will come or not is still a question(她是否能来还是个问题。 The question is whether we can catch the bus(问题是我们能否赶上公共汽车。 ? 若用if会引起歧义时，则用whether。如: Please let me know if you like the book.可理解为:a. Please let me know whether you like the book.请告诉我你是否喜欢这本书。B. If you like the book, please let me know. 你如果喜欢这本书，请告诉我。 3)如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。如: 14 Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning, 3(时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 : 1)如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如: I don't know when he will come back(我不知道他将何时回来。 He tells me that his sister came back yesterday(他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。 2)如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如: ?The children didn't know who he was(孩子们不知道他是谁。 ?He asked his father how it happened(他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。 3)如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。如: The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun(老师说 15 地球绕着太阳转。 4(注意: if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应;它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，假如”和“当??时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如: —Do you know when he will come back tomorrow ,你知道他明天什么时候回来吗, —Sorry, I don't know. When he comes back, I'll tell you. 对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。 —I don't know if he will come(我不知道他是否会来。 —He will come if it doesn't rain(如果不下雨，他会来的。 ?宾语从句的复合句转化为简单句(六种方法)，使其与原句意思相同(或相近)的试题。 方法一:当主句谓语动词是hope， decide， wish， choose， agree， promise(和主观决定有关)等，且宾语从句的主语与主句主语一致时， 16 宾语从句可简化为不定式结构。例如: Li Ming hopes he will be back very soon. ?Li Ming hopes to be back very soon. We decided that we would help him. ?We decided to help him. 方法二:当主句谓语动词是know， learn， remember， forget， tell(和记忆认知有关)等动词，且主句主语与从 句主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不定式”结构。 例如: She has forgotten how she can open the window. ?She has forgotten how to open the window. 注:当主句谓 语动词是tell， ask， show， teach等动词，且后带双宾语， 从句主语和间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+不 定式”结构。例如: ?Could you tell me how to get to the station, 方法三:当主句的谓语动词是order(命令)， require(需要)等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语 从句可简化为“名词(代词)+不定式”结构。例如:The headmaster ordered that we should start at once. ? The headmaster ordered us to start at once. 方法四:某些动词后的宾语从句，可以用介词加动名词(短 语)等其他形式简化。例如: He insisted that he should go with us. ?He insisted on going with us. The poor boy doesn’t know when and where he was born. ?The poor boy doesn’t know the time and the place of his 17 birth. 方法五:某些动词后面的宾语从句可转化为“宾语+V-ing 形式(作宾语补足语)”结构。例如:Liu Ping found that there was a wallet lying on the ground. ? Liu Ping found a wallet lying on the ground. 方法六:动词seem后的宾语从句，也可以用不定式(短 语)来简化，但句型需要进行适当的变化。例如:It seemed that the boys were going to win. ?The boys seemed to win. 除上述方法外，还有一些特殊句式的转化。例如: I found that it was difficult to learn English well. ?I found it difficult to learn English well. Soon we found that the ground was covered with thick snow. ?Soon we found the ground covered with thick snow. They found that the box was very heavy. ?They found the box very heavy ?练习1 The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them. A. tookB. takeC. takes D. will take 2 Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou. A. has never goneB. had never goneC. has never been D. had never been 3 The students want to know whether 18 they___ dictation(听写)today. A. hadB. has C. will have D. are 4 She asked Linda if___ go and get some. A. could she B. she could C. she can D. she may 5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth. A. travelled B. has travelled C. travels D. had travelled 答案:1-5 A D C B C 19