介词with用法
with用法很多且较复杂它的具体用法如下:
1.
表
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示方式、手段或工具等时(=以,用),注意不要受汉语意思的影响而用错搭配,如“用英语”习惯上用in English,而不是with English。
2. 与某些抽象名词连用时,其作用相当于一个副词。如:
with care=carefully 认真地 with kindness=kindly 亲切地
with joy=joyfully 高兴地 with anger=angrily 生气地
with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地 with ease=easily 容易地
with delight=delightedly 高兴地 with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地
3. 表示条件时,根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如:
With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点,我就买得起了。
With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些,我们完成这项工作还要快些。
4. with还可表示“随着”,它是介词,后接名词或代词,例如:
People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了,人们的观念也会变化。
5. 复合结构为“with+宾语+宾语补足语”,它在句中主要用作状语,表示伴随、原因、时间、条件、方式等;宾语补足语可以是名词、形容词、副词、现在分词、过去分词、不定式、介词短语等。例如:
(1) with+宾语+形容词
He often sleeps with the windows open.
Don’t speak with your mouth full.
(2) with+宾语+ 副词
He stood before his teacher with his head down.
He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on.
(3) with +宾语+ 介词短语
She said good-bye with tears in her eyes.
The man was asleep with his head on his arms.
(4) with+宾语+现在分词
He fell asleep with the lamp burning.
I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill.
(5) with +宾语+ 过去分词
He sat there with his eyes closed.
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
(6) with +宾语+ 动词不定式
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服, 我无法出去了。
With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe.
(7) with +宾语+ 名词
He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl.