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解读国税发【2009】31号

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解读国税发【2009】31号解读国税发【2009】31号 解读国税发[2009]31号文件 为了加强从事房地产开发经营企业的企业所得税征收管理,规范从事房地产开发经营业务企业的纳税行为,根据《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》及其实施条例、《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》及其实施细则等有关税收法律、行政法规的规定,结合房地产开发经营业务的特点,国家税务总局制定了《房地产开发经营业务企业所得税处理办法》(国税发[2009]31号),对房地产行业的所得税制度体系进行了充分完善。 关注一、适用范围 国税发[2009]31号第二条规定,本办法适用于...

解读国税发【2009】31号
解读国税发【2009】31号 解读国税发[2009]31号文件 为了加强从事房地产开发经营企业的企业所得税征收管理,规范从事房地产开发经营业务企业的纳税行为,根据《中华人民共和国企业所得税法》及其实施条例、《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》及其实施细则等有关税收法律、行政法规的规定,结合房地产开发经营业务的特点,国家税务总局制定了《房地产开发经营业务企业所得税处理办法》(国税发[2009]31号),对房地产行业的所得税制度体系进行了充分完善。 关注一、适用范围 国税发[2009]31号第二条规定,本办法适用于中国境内从事房地产开发经营业务的企业。这里的企业既包括,内资企业,也包括外商投资企业。对外商投资企业而言,国税发[2009]31号对其财税处理的影响很大,需要重点学习与把握。我们中税网的客户群中不少台湾同胞投资企业,如果涉及房地产业务应当及时关注我网对新31号文的释义和解读。任何一个企业,只要其从事了房地产开发经营业务,就要受到国税发[2009]31号的约束。 房地产开发经营业务包括土地的开发,建造、销售住宅、商业用房以及其他建筑物、附着物、配套设施等开发产品。 关注二、开发产品完工条件 国税发[2009]31号第三条规定,除土地开发之外,其他开发产品符合下列条件之一的,应视为已经完工:(一)开发产品竣工证明材料已报房地产管理部门备案。(二)开发产品已开始投入使用。(三)开发产品已取得了初始产权证明。沿用我们过去的理解,以上三个条件如果同时满足,以最早的一个为准。不过国税发[2009]31号第三条依然存在缺陷,就是没有规定土地开发的完工条件。如果有关企业开发土地再行转让,只能比照一般货物销售或者财产转让进行所得税处理。 国税发[2009]31号第四条规定,企业出现《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》第三十五条规定的情形,税务机关可对其以往应缴的企业所得税按核定征收方式进行征收管理,并逐步规范,同时按《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》等税收法律、行政法规的规定进行处理,但不得事先确定企业的所得税按核定征收方式进行征收、管理。这意味着我国不少地区对房地产行业硬性规定必须实行核定征收的错误政策必须得到纠正。最近,某地国税机关就电话 通知 关于发布提成方案的通知关于xx通知关于成立公司筹建组的通知关于红头文件的使用公开通知关于计发全勤奖的通知 某些企业,如果预计2009年所得发生亏损,必须实行核定征收,而不是查账征收,显然是不符合法理的。 关注三、收入的处理范围 国税发[2009]31号第五条规定,开发产品销售收入的范围为销售开发产品过程中取得的全部价款,包括现金、现金等价物及其他经济利益。企业代有关部门、单位和企业收取的各种基金、费用和附加等,凡纳入开发产品价内或由企业开具发票的,应按规定全部确认为销售收入;未纳入开发产品价内并由企业之外的其他收取部门、单位开具发票的,可作为代收代缴款项进行管理。其实代收代缴费用是否纳入收入管理,对企业所得税不会造成本质影响。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 中税网财税专家王骏提醒有关纳税人还是需要对代收代缴款项开票流程进行必要筹划,毕竟开票还要涉及营业税、城建税、教育费附加和土地增值税。 关注四、收入确认时点 国税发[2009]31号沿用了老31号文的收入确认时点规定,对房地产行业收入确认时点提出了下列特殊要求: 第一、采取一次性全额收款方式销售开发产品的,应于实际收讫价款或取得索取价款凭据(权利)之日,确认收入的实现。和一般企业商品销售几乎一致。 第二、采取分期收款方式销售开发产品的,应按销售 合同 劳动合同范本免费下载装修合同范本免费下载租赁合同免费下载房屋买卖合同下载劳务合同范本下载 协议 离婚协议模板下载合伙人协议 下载渠道分销协议免费下载敬业协议下载授课协议下载 约定的价款和付款日确认收入的实现。付款方提前付款的,在实际付款日确认收入的实现。付款方提前付款则实际付款日确认收入,已经突破了企业所得税法实施条例的规定,事实上实施条例第23条根本没有任何允许财政部、国家税务总局对分期收款业务进行特殊规定的授权,其合理性还需要进一步论证。 第三、采取银行按揭方式销售开发产品的,应按销售合同或协议约定的价款确定收入额,其首付款应于实际收到日确认收入的实现,余款在银行按揭贷款办理转账之日确认收入的实现。这是实践中最普遍存在的收入确认模式。 第四、采取委托方式销售开发产品的,应按以下原则确认收入的实现: 1.采取支付手续费方式委托销售开发产品的,应按销售合同或协议中约定的价款于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现。 2.采取视同买断方式委托销售开发产品的,属于企业与购买方签订销售合同或协议,或企业、受托方、购买方三方共同签订销售合同或协议的,如果销售合同或协议中约定的价格高于买断价格,则应按销售合同或协议中约定的价格计算的价款于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现;如果属于前两种情况中销售合同或协议中约定的价格低于买断价格,以及属于受托方与购买方签订销售合同或协议的,则应按买断价格计算的价款于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现。 3.采取基价(保底价)并实行超基价双方分成方式委托销售开发产品的,属于由企业与购买方签订销售合同或协议,或企业、受托方、购买方三方共同签订销售合同或协议的,如果销售合同或协议中约定的价格高于基价,则应按销售合同或协议中约定的价格计算的价款于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现,企业按规定支付受托方的分成额,不得直接从销售收入中减除;如果销售合同或协议约定的价格低于基价的,则应按基价计算的价款于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现。属于由受托方与购买方直接签订销售合同的,则应按基价加上按规定取得的分成额于收到受托方已销开发产品清单之日确认收入的实现。 4.采取包销方式委托销售开发产品的,包销期内可根据包销合同的有关约定,参照上述plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 1至3项规定确认收入的实现;包销期满后尚未出售的开发产品,企业应根据包销合同或协议约定的价款和付款方式确认收入的实现。 国税发[2009]31号第十条还规定,企业新建的开发产品在尚未完工或办理房地产初始登记、取得产权证前,与承租人签订租赁预约协议的,自开发产品交付承租人使用之日起,出租方取得的预租价款按租金确认收入的实现。 关注五、开发产品转固定资产不再视同销售 国税发[2009]31号第七条规定,企业将开发产品用于捐赠、赞助、职工福利、奖励、对外投资、分配给股东或投资人、抵偿债务、换取其他企事业单位和个人的非货币性资产等行为,应视同销售,于开发产品所有权或使用权转移,或于实际取得利益权利时确认收入(或利润)的实现。 确认收入(或利润)的方法和顺序为:(一)按本企业近期或本年度最近月份同类开发产品市场销售价格确定;(二)由主管税务机关参照当地同类开发产品市场公允价值确定;(三)按开发产品的成本利润率确定。开发产品的成本利润率不得低于15%,具体比例由主管税务机关确定。 不难看出,开发出品转作固定资产已经不再按照视同销售处理,企业需要密切关注,避免给自身增加不必要的纳税负担。 关注六、计税毛利率下调 国税发[2009]31号第八条规定,企业销售未完工开发产品的计税毛利率由各省、自治、直辖市国家税务局、地方税务局按下列规定进行确定: 开发项目位于省、自治区、直辖市和 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 单列市人民政府所在地城市城区和郊区的,不得低于15%,此前的规定是20%. 开发项目位于地及地级市城区及郊区的,不得低于10%,此前的规定是15%. 开发项目位于其他地区的,不得低于5%,此前的规定是10%. 属于经济适用房、限价房和危改房的,不得低于3%,和以前的规定没有差异,但是需要提供有关主管部门的批准文件。 关注七、对预售期间计税毛利实际征收企业所得税 国税发[2009]31号第九条规定,企业销售未完工开发产品取得的收入,应先按预计计税毛利率分季(或月)计算出预计毛利额,计入当期应纳税所得额。开发产品完工后,企业应及时结算其计税成本并计算此前销售收入的实际毛利额,同时将其实际毛利额与其对应的预计毛利额之间的差额,计入当年度企业本项目与其他项目合并计算的应纳税所得额。在年度纳税申报时,企业须出具对该项开发产品实际毛利额与预计毛利额之间差异调整情况的报告以及税务机关需要的其他相关资料。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 值得提醒纳税人注意的是,总局没有任何关注毛利差异调整需要税务师事务所出具鉴证报告的强制规定,这个时候需要关注各地对此做出的具体规定。 关注八、成本、费用扣除的税务处理 企业在进行成本、费用的核算与扣除时,必须按规定区分期间费用和开发产品计税成本、已销开发产品计税成本与未销开发产品计税成本。企业发生的期间费用、已销开发产品计税成本、营业税金及附加、土地增值税准予当期按规定扣除。开发产品计税成本的核算应按第四章的规定进行处理。国税发[2009]31号允许土地增值税按规定扣除,对纳税人十分有利。 国税发[2009]31号第十四条规定,已销开发产品的计税成本,按当期已实现销售的可售面积和可售面积单位工程成本确认。可售面积单位工程成本和已销开发产品的计税成本按下列公式计算确定: 可售面积单位工程成本=成本对象总成本?成本对象总可售面积 已销开发产品的计税成本=已实现销售的可售面积×可售面积单位工程成本 企业对尚未出售的已完工开发产品和按照有关法律、法规或合同规定对已售开发产品(包括共用部位、共用设施设备)进行日常维护、保养、修理等实际发生的维修费用,准予在当期据实扣除。 企业将已计入销售收入的共用部位、共用设施设备维修基金按规定移交给有关部门、单位的,应于移交时扣除。 关注九、配套设施税务处理 国税发[2009]31号第十七条规定,企业在开发区内建造的会所、物业管理场所、电站、热力站、水厂、文体场馆、幼儿园等配套设施,按以下规定进行处理: (一)属于非营利性且产权属于全体业主的,或无偿赠与地方政府、公用事业单位的,可将其视为公共配套设施,其建造费用按公共配套设施费的有关规定进行处理。 (二)属于营利性的,或产权归企业所有的,或未明确产权归属的,或无偿赠与地方政府、公用事业单位以外其他单位的,应当单独核算其成本。除企业自用应按建造固定资产进行处理外,其他一律按建造开发产品进行处理。 企业在开发区内建造的邮电通讯、学校、医疗设施应单独核算成本,其中,由企业与国家有关业务管理部门、单位合资建设,完工后有偿移交的,国家有关业务管理部门、单位给予的经济补偿可直接抵扣该项目的建造成本,抵扣后的差额应调整当期应纳税所得额。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 关注十、担保金实际损失才可以扣除 国税发[2009]31号第十九条规定,企业采取银行按揭方式销售开发产品的,凡约定企业为购买方的按揭贷款提供担保的,其销售开发产品时向银行提供的保证金(担保金)不得从销售收入中减除,也不得作为费用在当期税前扣除,但实际发生损失时可据实扣除。至所以允许扣除,是因为实际发生的损失和企业销售业务紧密联系,不属于与生产经营无关的支出。 国税发[2009]31号第二十条规定,企业委托境外机构销售开发产品的,其支付境外机构的销售费用(含佣金或手续费)不超过委托销售收入10%的部分,准予据实扣除。该规定意味着对佣金实行限额扣除,而不是全额扣除。但是该规定不适用于支付给境内企业的佣金。 关注十一、利息支出税前扣除 房地产开发企业很关注利息扣除的有关规定。国税发[2009]31号第二十一条规定,企业的利息支出按以下规定进行处理: 1、企业为建造开发产品借入资金而发生的符合税收规定的借款费用,可按企业会计准则的规定进行归集和分配,其中属于财务费用性质的借款费用,可直接在税前扣除。 2、企业集团或其成员企业统一向金融机构借款分摊集团内部其他成员企业使用的,借入方凡能出具从金融机构取得借款的证明文件,可以在使用借款的企业间合理的分摊利息费用,使用借款的企业分摊的合理利息准予在税前扣除。 国税发[2009]31号第二十二条规定,企业因国家无偿收回土地使用权而形成的损失,可作为财产损失按有关规定在税前扣除。第二十三条规定,企业开发产品(以成本对象为计量单位)整体报废或毁损,其净损失按有关规定审核确认后准予在税前扣除。 由于自产产品转固定资产不再视同销售,为避免开发企业利用固定资产折旧避税,文件第二十四条设置了一个反避税条款,即:企业开发产品转为自用的,其实际使用时间累计未超过12个月又销售的,不得在税前扣除折旧费用。 关注十二、计税成本的核算 计税成本是指企业在开发、建造开发产品(包括固定资产,下同)过程中所发生的按照税收规定进行核算与计量的应归入某项成本对象的各项费用。计税成本核算的规定是国税发[2009]31号的绝对重头内容,对于纳税人财务会计处理也会产生间接影响。 成本对象是指为归集和分配开发产品开发、建造过程中的各项耗费而确定的费用承担项目。计税成本对象的确定原则如下: (一)可否销售原则。开发产品能够对外经营销售的,应作为独立的计税成本对象进行成本核算;不能对外经营销售的,可先作为过渡性成本对象进行归集,然后再将其相关成本摊入能够对外经营销售的成本对象。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional (二)分类归集原则。对同一开发地点、竣工时间相近、产品结构类型没有明显差异的群体开发的项目,可作为一个成本对象进行核算。 (三)功能区分原则。开发项目某组成部分相对独立,且具有不同使用功能时,可以作为独立的成本对象进行核算。 (四)定价差异原则。开发产品因其产品类型或功能不同等而导致其预期售价存在较大差异的,应分别作为成本对象进行核算。 (五)成本差异原则。开发产品因建筑上存在明显差异可能导致其建造成本出现较大差异的,要分别作为成本对象进行核算。 (六)权益区分原则。开发项目属于受托代建的或多方合作开发的,应结合上述原则分别划分成本对象进行核算。 成本对象由企业在开工之前合理确定,并报主管税务机关备案。成本对象一经确定,不能随意更改或相互混淆,如确需改变成本对象的,应征得主管税务机关同意。 关注十三、计税成本的构成内容 国税发[2009]31号规定,开发产品计税成本支出的内容如下: 1、土地征用费及拆迁补偿费。指为取得土地开发使用权(或开发权)而发生的各项费用,主要包括土地买价或出让金、大市政配套费、契税、耕地占用税、土地使用费、土地闲置费、土地变更用途和超面积补交的地价及相关税费、拆迁补偿支出、安置及动迁支出、回迁房建造支出、农作物补偿费、危房补偿费等。 2、前期工程费。指项目开发前期发生的水文地质勘察、测绘、规划、 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 、可行性研究、筹建、场地通平等前期费用。 3、建筑安装工程费。指开发项目开发过程中发生的各项建筑安装费用。主要包括开发项目建筑工程费和开发项目安装工程费等。 4、基础设施建设费。指开发项目在开发过程中所发生的各项基础设施支出,主要包括开发项目内道路、供水、供电、供气、排污、排洪、通讯、照明等社区管网工程费和环境卫生、园林绿化等园林环境工程费。 5、公共配套设施费:指开发项目内发生的、独立的、非营利性的,且产权属于全体业主的,或无偿赠与地方政府、政府公用事业单位的公共配套设施支出。 6、开发间接费。指企业为直接组织和管理开发项目所发生的,且不能将其归属于特定成本对象的成本费用性支出。主要包括管理人员工资、职工福利费、折旧费、修理费、办公费、水电费、劳动保护费、工程管理费、周转房摊销以及项目营销设施建造费等。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 从立法上看,能够对开发成本六大成本项目的每一个项目都在细节上进行规定,是非常难能可贵的,也有利于纳税人实务操作和减少税企争议。 关注十四、计税成本核算程序 企业计税成本核算的一般程序如下: 1、对当期实际发生的各项支出,按其性质、经济用途及发生的地点、时间区进行整理、归类,并将其区分为应计入成本对象的成本和应在当期税前扣除的期间费用。同时还应按规定对在有关预提费用和待摊费用进行计量与确认。 2、对应计入成本对象中的各项实际支出、预提费用、待摊费用等合理的划分为直接成本、间接成本和共同成本,并按规定将其合理的归集、分配至已完工成本对象、在建成本对象和未建成本对象。 3、对期前已完工成本对象应负担的成本费用按已销开发产品、未销开发产品和固定资产进行分配,其中应由已销开发产品负担的部分,在当期纳税申报时进行扣除,未销开发产品应负担的成本费用待其实际销售时再予扣除。 4、对本期已完工成本对象分类为开发产品和固定资产并对其计税成本进行结算。其中属于开发产品的,应按可售面积计算其单位工程成本,据此再计算已销开发产品计税成本和未销开发产品计税成本。对本期已销开发产品的计税成本,准予在当期扣除,未销开发产品计税成本待其实际销售时再予扣除。 5、对本期未完工和尚未建造的成本对象应当负担的成本费用,应按分别建立明细台帐,待开发产品完工后再予结算。 关注十五、间接成本的分配方法 企业开发、建造的开发产品应按制造成本法进行计量与核算。其中,应计入开发产品成本中的费用属于直接成本和能够分清成本对象的间接成本,直接计入成本对象,共同成本和不能分清负担对象的间接成本,应按受益的原则和配比的原则分配至各成本对象,具体分配方法可按以下规定选择其一: (一)占地面积法。 指按已动工开发成本对象占地面积占开发用地总面积的比例进行分配。一次性开发的,按某一成本对象占地面积占全部成本对象占地总面积的比例进行分配。分期开发的,首先按本期全部成本对象占地面积占开发用地总面积的比例进行分配,然后再按某一成本对象占地面积占期内全部成本对象占地总面积的比例进行分配。期内全部成本对象应负担的占地面积为期内开发用地占地面积减除应由各期成本对象共同负担的占地面积。, (二)建筑面积法。 指按已动工开发成本对象建筑面积占开发用地总建筑面积的比例进行分配。一次性开发plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 的,按某一成本对象建筑面积占全部成本对象建筑面积的比例进行分配。分期开发的,首先按期内成本对象建筑面积占开发用地计划建筑面积的比例进行分配,然后再按某一成本对象建筑面积占期内成本对象总建筑面积的比例进行分配。 (三)直接成本法。 指按期内某一成本对象的直接开发成本占期内全部成本对象直接开发成本的比例进行分配。 (四)预算造价法。 指按期内某一成本对象预算造价占期内全部成本对象预算造价的比例进行分配。 企业下列成本应按以下方法进行分配: 1、土地成本,一般按占地面积法进行分配。如果确需结合其他方法进行分配的,应商税务机关同意。土地开发同时连结房地产开发的,属于一次性取得土地分期开发房地产的情况,其土地开发成本经商税务机关同意后可先按土地整体预算成本进行分配,待土地整体开发完毕再行调整。 2、单独作为过渡性成本对象核算的公共配套设施开发成本,应按建筑面积法进行分配。 3、借款费用属于不同成本对象共同负担的,按直接成本法或按预算造价法进行分配。其他成本项目的分配法由企业自行确定。 关注十六、非货币交易下计税成本的特殊规定 国税发[2009]31号第三十一条规定,企业以非货币交易方式取得土地使用权的,应按下列规定确定其成本: 1、企业、单位以换取开发产品为目的,将土地使用权投资企业的,按下列规定进行处理: (1)换取的开发产品如为该项土地开发、建造的,接受投资的企业在接受土地使用权时暂不确认其成本,待首次分出开发产品时,再按应分出开发产品(包括首次分出的和以后应分出的)的市场公允价值和土地使用权转移过程中应支付的相关税费计算确认该项土地使用权的成本。如涉及补价,土地使用权的取得成本还应加上应支付的补价款或减除应收到的补价款。 (2)换取的开发产品如为其他土地开发、建造的,接受投资的企业在投资交易发生时,按应付出开发产品市场公允价值和土地使用权转移过程中应支付的相关税费计算确认该项土地使用权的成本。如涉及补价,土地使用权的取得成本还应加上应支付的补价款或减除应收到的补价款。 2、企业、单位以股权的形式,将土地使用权投资企业的,接受投资的企业应在投资交易发生时,按该项土地使用权的市场公允价值和土地使用权转移过程中应支付的相关税费计算确认该项土地使用权的取得成本。如涉及补价,土地使用权的取得成本还应加上应支付的补价款或减除应收到的补价款。 关注十七、三项预提费用可以扣除 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 国税发[2009]31号第三十二条允许三项预提费用在预提时依法税前扣除,对纳税人比较有利,也在一定程度上突破了以票控税的机械性规定。除以下几项预提(应付)费用外,计税成本均应为实际发生的成本。 1、出包工程未最终办理结算而未取得全额发票的,在证明资料充分的前提下,其发票不足金额可以预提,但最高不得超过合同总金额的10%. 2、公共配套设施尚未建造或尚未完工的,可按预算造价合理预提建造费用。此类公共配套设施必须符合已在售房合同、协议或广告、模型中明确承诺建造且不可撤销,或按照法律法规规定必须配套建造的条件。 3、应向政府上交但尚未上交的报批报建费用、物业完善费用可以按规定预提。物业完善费用是指按规定应由企业承担的物业管理基金、公建维修基金或其他专项基金。 企业单独建造的停车场所,应作为成本对象单独核算。利用地下基础设施形成的停车场所,作为公共配套设施进行处理。 企业在结算计税成本时其实际发生的支出应当取得但未取得合法凭据的,不得计入计税成本,待实际取得合法凭据时,再按规定计入计税成本。 关注十八、计税成本核算的终止日 国税发[2009]31号第三十五条规定,开发产品完工以后,企业可在完工年度企业所得税汇算清缴前选择确定计税成本核算的终止日,不得滞后。凡已完工开发产品在完工年度未按规定结算计税成本,主管税务机关有权确定或核定其计税成本,据此进行纳税调整,并按《中华人民共和国税收征收管理法》的有关规定对其进行处理。 关注十九、特定事项的税务处理 企业以本企业为主体联合其他企业、单位、个人合作或合资开发房地产项目,且该项目未成立独立法人公司的,按下列规定进行处理: 1、凡开发合同或协议中约定向投资各方(即合作、合资方,下同)分配开发产品的,企业在首次分配开发产品时,如该项目已经结算计税成本,其应分配给投资方开发产品的计税成本与其投资额之间的差额计入当期应纳税所得额;如未结算计税成本,则将投资方的投资额视同销售收入进行相关的税务处理。 2、凡开发合同或协议中约定分配项目利润的,应按以下规定进行处理:企业应将该项目形成的营业利润额并入当期应纳税所得额统一申报缴纳企业所得税,不得在税前分配该项目的利润。同时不能因接受投资方投资额而在成本中摊销或在税前扣除相关的利息支出。投资方取得该项目的营业利润应视同股息、红利进行相关的税务处理。 企业以换取开发产品为目的,将土地使用权投资其他企业房地产开发项目的,按以下规定进行处理:企业应在首次取得开发产品时,将其分解为转让土地使用权和购入开发产品两plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional 项经济业务进行所得税处理,并按应从该项目取得的开发产品(包括首次取得的和以后应取得的)的市场公允价值计算确认土地使用权转让所得或损失。 关注二十、新旧政策衔接 国税发[2009]31号第三十八条规定,从事房地产开发经营业务的外商投资企业在2007年12月31日前存有销售未完工开发产品取得的收入,至该项开发产品完工后,一律按本办法第九条规定的办法进行税务处理。 国税发[2009]31号第三十九条规定,本通知自2008年1月1日起执行。该规定意味着纳税企业2008年企业所得税汇算清缴就必须按照新办法操作。我们提醒纳税企业将有关08年度的汇算清缴适度推迟到各地将国税发[2009]31号转发以后,以便于了解各地对计税毛利率的具体水平、季度预缴多计算的计税毛利调整的一些更细致的规定。 1、计算企业所得税时,可售车位的开发成本应与其它开发产品一样,正常分摊共同成本,分摊方法,可以按照《房地产开发经营业务企业所得税处理办法》(国税发[2009]31号)第二十九条、三十条的规定进行分摊。利用地下基础设施形成的停车场所,作为公共配套设施进行处理,其成本费用由可售面积承担。 2、计算土地增值税时,利用人防设施建造的车位对外销售,根据《国家税务总局关于房地产开发企业土地增值税清算管理有关问题的通知》(国税发[2006]187号)第四条第(三)项第三点规定,其取得的收入要参与土地增值税清算,其成本费用可以扣除。 27条:计税成本内容的要求; 32条:计税成本内容的类型:实际发生支出和预提费用; 35条:表明计税成本结算时间的要求,而且要求必须及时结算不得滞后; 34条:计税成本结算时凭证的要求:取得合法凭证的可计入,未取得合法凭证的要待实际取得时计入。 plug up loopholes in management. The members of the leadership team to in accordance with their respective functions and duties, earnestly implement the good charge range of responsibility for production safety, catch hidden investigation and remediation as current a hard task, personally check, supervise and urge the rectification in place. The county Government to implement to ensure that within the jurisdiction of all walks of life of responsibility for production safety, do not stay dead. The relevant government departments to Kaoshi production safety supervision responsibilities, do a good job in the industry in this field investigation and security risks, have to carry out remediation to ensure safety in production. In view of the existing problems, conscientiously do a good job of inspection work in the industry, do in-depth inspection line to really, inspection of law enforcement should be strict, style of work to hard, rectification measures to be implemented. The industry department in charge of the performance of their duties and major safety hazards investigation remediation to conduct supervision and inspection, of work are not effective, the duty not to implement, through interviews, bulletin, accountability and other measures, Zadok Promoting the implementation of the rectification. The county and the park management committee to earnestly implement the territorial supervision responsibility, bear the overall responsibility for production safety work in the region, to further clarify the government leadership and the leadership of various departments of production safety work responsibility, judged the regional
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