大学英语六级必过攻略之作文 翻译篇

大学英语六级必过攻略之作文 翻译篇 ========================================第1页 ======================================== 1) 目前大学生面临就业难的问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 2) 分析导致该问题的原因 3) 大学生应该如何应对该问题 Employment Pressure Facing College Students [1]About a decade ago, university students could find satisfactory and enviable jobs after their graduation. [1]But now, things are different. Today’s university students usually experience great difficulties finding satisfactory jobs. They often complain that graduation means joblessness. [2]What is the cause of this phenomenon? [3]Firstly, with the enrollment extension of universities, [4]the supply of university graduates exceeds social demand. This results in a decreased chance for any individual graduate to find a job. [3]Secondly, university students [5]tend to spend most of their time at school in studying academic subjects and lack relevant job experience. [3]Thirdly, some students don’t study hard during the college. After four years of university life, they haven’t gained the knowledge those fairly good jobs or positions require. [6]Facing the increasingly fierce competition, we university students should try our bests to change this situation. [3]Above all, when in school, we should make the most of our time and [7]put our heart into our studies. [3]What’s more, we can take part-time jobs and attend social activities in our spare time to [8]accumulate relevant practical experience. [3]Besides, when we apply for jobs after graduation, we should [9]attach more importance to accumulating experience than to the starting salary. 1) 有的大学毕业生选择工作时主要看重高工资，而有的则认为良好的职业发展空间才是更重 要的 2) 阐述他们各自的考虑 3) 表明你的看法 High Salaries or Career Development? There are more and more people looking for jobs every year, but they have different views about what kind of job they should choose. [1]Some of them focus their attention on the jobs that promise high salaries. [1]Others show a preference for those jobs that offer chances to learn skills and advancement possibilities. [2]People holding the first view usually think that more money will result in more happiness. [3]With a lot of money in hand, they will be able to enjoy a rich life. Otherwise, they will suffer from depression [4]due to lack of enough money. [2]However, the holders of the second view argue that one should develop his skills as roundly as possible. [5]It is career development that counts most. Without development, you will be outrun by others and fall behind the times sooner or later. In my view, career development is the right choice because career may give us long term satisfaction [6]while high salary would give us short term happiness. Besides, [7]generally speaking, a good career development will bring high salaries sooner or later. So I will [8]give my vote to the career development first and then high salaries. 1) 人们对待考试一直褒贬不一 2) 你怎样看待考试，为什么 ? 3) 提出你的建议 The Attitude towards Examination [1]There are always many arguments about the advantages and disadvantages of examination. ========================================第2页 ======================================== Some people think examination is the only best way to test how examinees have mastered what they have studied. [2]However, still others hold the opposite opinion. They argue that examination can’t measure how the students have really studied. They say it can do [3]nothing but burden the students. [4]As for me, I think the examination is very useful to both teachers and students. [4]On the one hand, examination can help teachers check how much students have learned about a subject and thus know what should be their teaching focus. [4]On the other hand, [5]as far as students are concerned, by examination, they can [6]not only know how they have studied [6]but also find out what they haven’t mastered well. [4]Thus, they could improve their studying method so as to make greater progress. [4]Of course, examination is not the only way to measure one’s ability. [4]Also, too many examinations are a burden on both teachers and students. [4]But, in sum, the examination [7]does more good than harm. Therefore, I think the correct attitude towards examination should be to [8]take full advantage of it and avoid its disadvantage. 1) 很多大学里 “ 占座 ” 现象十分普遍 2) 这种现象会带来哪些影响 3) 你对此的看法 Reserving a Seat We often see there is a table-cloth, a book or something else on the desk in the classroom or library, [1]indicating the seat is taken. This kind of phenomenon is very usual in almost all colleges and universities. [2]Strangely enough, most of students seem to [3]take this for granted, and few will protest it. [4]Though most of students’ taking seats in advance is for the purpose of better study, this kind of phenomenon has great negative effects. [5]On the one hand, it is a selfish behavior, which damages other students’ interests. [6]Even if many students come to the classroom very early, they can not find a seat. [5]On the other hand, reserving a seat [7]violates the rule of fairness. [8]No matter how late you come to class, the seat is still reserved for you [6]even though many others are eager for that seat. [9]Considering the above-mentioned, I think, [10]it is high time that we college students took a good look of our behavior. [5]Indeed, only if all of us can improve our consciousness, it is not a difficult task for us to get rid of this kind of phenomenon “reserving a seat”. 1) 当今的大学生要面临很多来自不同方面的压力 2) 大学生缓解压力的方式有 „ 3) 你一般都是如何排解压力的 ? How Should College Students Relieve Pressure? Today’s college students face many pressures, mainly from parents’ expectation, study, economy, employment and all kinds of competition. [1]Although pressure to some extent can provide motivation, overdue pressure has a serious negative effect. Pressure can destroy a student’s confidence. [2]More seriously, it might make some students lose control of their emotions and behaviors. [3]Considering the great damage of overdue pressure, college students should learn to how to relieve pressure. [2]First, we should have a right evaluation of ourselves [4]so as to [5]make use of advantages and avoid disadvantages. [2]Second, we should [6]set a clear aim of a struggle. The aim can give us motivation, and make us become active. [2]Third, [7]attending collective ========================================第3页 ======================================== activities is an effective way to relieve pressure. [2]Finally, if you find pressure is nearly [8]beyond your control, you’d better turn to professional psychological guidance. [2]As to me, my pressure is mainly from future employment. [4]In order to reduce it, I asked my parents help me analyse my advantages and disadvantages, and produce a more practical job objection. [2]So my employment pressure was relieved greatly. Now I become confident in my future, and I [9]do believe I can get an ideal job after my graduation. 1) 近年来越来越多的大学生开始使用信用卡 2) 分析产生该现象的原因 3) 针对大学生使用信用卡提出你的建议 Credit Cards on Campus In recent years, credit cards have [1]gained more popularity among college students. [2]With bank s’ more focus on college market, [3]an increasing number of college students have applied for a cr edit card and begun to consume by it. [4]The following three factors can account for the popularity of credit cards in college. [5]Firstly, a credit card provides overdrawing service, [6]which is [7]a big attraction for those students who h ave no much money for their domination. [5]Secondly, a credit card can help release financial bur dens on those poor students, and [8]hence reduce the risk of their dropping school for lacking mon ey. [5]Besides, many banks make some preferential policies on credit cards, like sending a gift, lo wering year cost. [7]Drawn by these policies, many college students apply for credit cards. [5]As far as I am concerned, it is not a bad thing for college students to own credit cards. [5]Howe ver, there is misuse of credit cards among college students. Many students use credit cards to buy l uxurious things they don’t need really, and even some of them owe a big credit cards debt. [5]Ther efore, schools and banks have responsibility to let college students learn how to use credit cards pr operly. [9]Only in this way can college students enjoy really the advantages of credit cards. 1. Directions: In this part, you are to write a composition of no less than 150 words about “College Graduates Work as Village Officials”. You should write according to the outline given below. Plea se remember to write it clearly on the ANSWER SHEET. Some college graduates choose to work as village officials. 1 、 Do you think it is a good idea? 2 、 What can they offer the countryside? 3 、 What can they gain from their village positions? 1. College Graduates Work as Village Officials There is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today how college graduates should cho ose their careers. Some time ago, it was reported that some college graduates chose to work as vill age officials. To this people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view while others are against it. As far as I am concerned, I believe that it is a wise choice. On the one hand, college graduates can contribute a lot to the development of the countryside. Firs t, they can apply their professional knowledge there. Secondly, they can introduce new concepts to ========================================第4页 ======================================== the countryside and speed the development of rural culture. As a result, the gap between the city a nd the countryside can well be bridged. On the other hand, these graduates can benefit a lot from working as village officials. While too m any college graduates are fighting for the handful of positions in big cities, these graduates can fin d themselves a wider stage of development and realize their value. Therefore, college graduates working as village officials is a win-win choice and more graduates s hould be encouraged to work in the countryside. 2. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on the topic “Whether College Students Should Be Allowed to Get Married” and you’re yo ur article on the following outline. 1 、 Choose either of the two positions: College students should (not) be allowed to get married. 2 、 State your reasons for or against the issue 3 、 Conclusion 2.Military Training There is no denying the fact that it has been a hotly debated topic whether students should attend military training in China in the past years. Opinions on this issue differ sharply. Some hold the po sitive view. They say that the training can not only build up students’ bodies but also temper their willpower. Besides, through the training, students can develop their team-spirit and sense of discip line. Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that a short period of training as students are ha ving now cannot work well in building up their bodies or strengthen their will. Instead, we should lay emphasis on their daily exercise and activities for such purpose. What’s more, a sudden increas e of intense physical exercise, especially during summer, does harm to students’ health and may ev en cause deaths. What happened in the past years has proved this. Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the former point of vie w. Military training is not only a means to strengthen student’s physique and willpower, but also a n effective way to enhance their sense of national defense and foster their patriotism. Though som e deaths happened during the training, we should not give up eating for fear of choking. Besides, t he deaths are perfect evidence that students need more such training. Of course, measures should b e taken to ensure that the least harm is done to the trainees. 转贴于: CET-6 考试 _ 考试大 3. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition of no less than 150 words on the topic “Military Training” and you’re your article on the following outline. 1. 有些人赞成学生参加军训 2. 有些人反对 3. 你的观点 3.Should College Students Be Allowed to Get Married? ========================================第5页 ======================================== There is no denying the fact that it is a hotly debated topic today whether college students should b e allowed to get married. Some time ago, the ban was lifted by some universities on students getti ng married. To this people’s attitudes differ sharply. Some hold the positive view. They say that m ost college students are adults and that it is a basic right for those who have reached the appropriat e ages to get married. Besides, they argue that with their biological and emotional needs met, these students will study better. // The ban on this means a severe violation of human rights. Many others, however, hold the negative/opposite view. They claim that the university or college i s a place to study instead of a community to lead family life. Allowing college students to get marr ied would adversely affect their study. For instance, they would spend too much time attending the ir family and love, unable to concentrate on their school work. As far as I am concerned,// Weighing the arguments of both sides, I believe that it is OK to allow c ollege students to get married. Anyway, this is their freedom. Actually, we don’t have to worry too much because facts have shown that most college students would choose not to get married in the face of such fierce competition and heavy school work. ( 或 As far as I am concerned,// Weighing the arguments of both sides, I believe that college studen ts should not be allowed to get married. Though mostly adults, they are actually immature psychol ogically. Their wishes to get married are, more often than not, impulses. Besides, as students, they are not ready to support a family financially. 4. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Buying Lottery Tickets. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline given below: 1. 有些人赞成买彩票 2. 有些人反对买彩票 3. 你的观点 4. Buying Lottery Tickets There is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is a hotly debated topic in China today. / Th ere is no denying the fact that buying lottery tickets is becoming popular in China today. Some peo ple believe that it is beneficial in many ways. In the first place, it helps raise money for such group s as the poor and the disabled as well as for such causes as sports. (Thus, the heavy financial burde n on the government will be relieved or even removed.) In the second place, lottery games provide people with a means of entertainment or pastime. (Without lottery games, many people might find nothing interesting to do. Last but not least, by buying lottery tickets, one may make a fortune ove rnight.) Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that buying lottery tickets is actually a kind of gambling. People are encouraged to earn money through guessing instead of down-to-earth labor. As a result, some people are tempted to commit crimes. A case in point is the two bank clerks in H eibei who stole millions of money from the bank to buy lottery tickets. ========================================第6页 ======================================== Weighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the former. Lottery games can s erve as a good means to raise funds. But the ticket buyers should keep in mind the original purpos e of such games, that is, to help the underprivileged or to contribute to public welfare. If they happ en to win the prizes, it’s nothing but a return for their kindness. (Personally, I think that both sides have something right. Actually, lottery games should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I see it, is to maximize their advantages and elimi nate their unhealthy side-effects. Or in other words, we should further develop lottery games and e xert proper supervision over them so that they can benefit us in a better way.) 5. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Keepin g Pets. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outline b elow: 1. 有些人赞成养宠物 2. 有些人反对养宠物 3. 你的观点 5. Keeping Pets There is no denying the fact that keeping pets is a hotly debated topic today. Some people claim th at keeping pets is a good thing to do. They believe that pets, like cats and dogs, can help relieve th e loneliness suffered by senior citizens and other social members who are confined to their homes for this reason or that. They also argue that keeping pets helps mankind understand animals’ world and develop positive feelings toward them. Others, however, hold the opposite view. They regard keeping pets as a useless but harmful thing t o do. First, pets can transmit diseases. Secondly, the noises and dung of pets are sources of polluti on. Last but not least, as many rare birds and animals are kept as pets, they will surely be hunted o n a large scale, which means a threat to the balance of the ecosystem. Weighing the arguments of both sides, I am inclined to agree with the latter. Anyway, we can lesse n our loneliness and express our love toward animals in other ways. And it is my belief that only b y placing man and other species on an equal basis can we expect to have a lively and colorful worl d. 6. Directions: In this section, you are asked to write a composition entitled Should people own car s or not? Your composition should be based on the outline given below. Your composition should be at least 150 words. Outline: 1 、有人赞成个人买车。 2 、也有人持相反观点。 3 、你的看法。 6. Should People Own Cars or Not? (a) ========================================第7页 ======================================== There is no denying the fact that it has been a hotly debated topic in China whether people should have their own cars. People’s opinions differ sharply on this issue. Some hold the positive view. T hey say that the car provides the most convenient form of transportation. Besides, a car is a comfo rtable way to travel, especially in winter. Finally, a driver is usually safe in his car when he is out a t night. Others, however, hold the opposite view. They say that there are many disadvantages to owning a car. For one thing, it can be very expensive to purchase and run a car. For another, owning a car ca n also cause worry and stress. It is exhausting to drive a car in heavy traffic. What is worse, cars ar e responsible for most of the smog in cities, which pollutes the environment seriously. In spite of all the above mentioned, I still favor owning a car. The reason is that the car gives a per son the freedom to schedule his own time. Though we are confronted with a problem of energy cri sis, I am sure that the real solution will have to be a new kind of car, one that uses cheap, efficient fuel and does not contaminate the air. (b) Nowadays, an increasing number of people have become car owners. Yet there is no consensus on the development of private cars. Some people hold the positive view. They say that the car is the r esult of modern science and technology and everyone is entitled to enjoy it. They also argue that t he development of private cars will vigorously stimulate the development of other industries and t he whole national economy. Others, however, hold the negative view. They point out that the increasing number of cars have le d to a series of problems. First, they result in air pollution, which seriously damage people’s health . Secondly, too many cars on the road easily lead to traffic jams, which actually slow down the pac e of life and work. Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments, I am inclined to agree with the latter point of view . The government should put a ban on the development of private cars and exert more efforts to de velop public transportation, such as buses and subways. In this way, we can both enjoy efficiency and a clean environment. 7. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Studyi ng Abroad: Hardships and Rewards. You should write at least 150 words: 1. 出国留学有很多好处 2. 出国留学也会遇到很多难题 3. 你的选择 7. Studying Abroad: Hardships and Rewards There is no denying the fact that studying abroad is a hotly debated topic today. Obviously, studyi ng abroad has a number of rewards/advantages. In the first place, a student can have access to adv anced science and technology as well as desirable working conditions which might not be availabl ========================================第8页 ======================================== e at home. In the second place, he can be exposed to entirely new ideas and trends. Last but not lea st, by living and studying in a foreign country, one can improve his foreign language much faster t han at home. Nevertheless, as every coin has two sides, studying abroad also confronts one with a series of hard ships. For one thing, learning a foreign language is far from an easy thing at the beginning for mos t people. For another, a completely new environment with different customs and habits may also b e a barrier to overseas students, especially to the young. An added difficulty lies with finance: it ca n cost a lot to study abroad. From my point of view, the advantages of studying abroad outweigh its disadvantages. But it is a b ig decision to go abroad to study and one should take into consideration his financial conditions an d his ability to adapt to new surrounding. Personally, I choose to go abroad and study if I find it ne cessary. (Therefore, studying abroad should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both benefits and troubles. The best policy, as I see it, is to take into consideration his financial conditio ns and his ability to adapt to new surrounding. Personally, I choose to go abroad and study if I find it necessary.) 8. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic.Should the Golden Week Vacations Be Abolished? You should write at least 150 words: 1.“ 五一 ” 、 “ 十一 ” 黄金周确实推动了中国经济的发展，丰富了人们的生活 2. 但黄金周制度也造成了很多问题 3. 我的态度 8. Should the Golden Week Holidays Be Abolished? There is no denying the fact that the introduction of the Golden Week holidays in China has consid erably promoted the development of the nation’s economy and touring industry and enriched peop le’s life. People around the country have spent more time and money traveling and relaxing thems elves. As every coin has two sides, the Golden Week holidays have also brought about piles of problems. For one thing, due to the fact that people across the country are spending their vacations during th e same period of time, it is terribly crowded almost everywhere: trains, buses, hotels, scenic spots, etc., which have ruined people’s mood for vacations. For another, some businessmen take advanta ge of the weeklong holidays and raise the priced of commodities and services. Personally, I believe that it is necessary for people to have long vacations, but there is no need for them to have the vacations during the same period of time. Instead, they should be allowed the fre edom to arrange their own vacations. Only in this way can they really relax and refresh themselves for a new round of work. 9. Directions: In this section, you are asked to write a composition entitled Internet — A Two-edge ========================================第9页 ======================================== d Sword. You should write at least 150 words and you should base your composition on the outlin e given in Chinese below: 1 、 Internet 的功绩。 2 、 Internet 的弊端。 3 、结论。 9.Internet — A Two-edged Sword Internet is playing an increasingly important role in people’s life. As a newborn information delive ring system, the Internet has made seas of information available at our fingers’ tips. Besides, the In ternet serves as the most convenient means for communication. Through the Internet, people can d iscuss various problems and make friends who share common views. But just as a coin has two sides, Internet has its own drawbacks which should not be neglected. Fir st, it costs an alarming amount of money to construct the system and the cost is very high to most Chinese consumers. Second, it is sometimes difficult for people to find the right information they are looking for since there is too much rubbish on the net. Finally, it is also difficult to prevent the net from the invasion of criminals. Therefore, the Internet should be viewed as a two-edged sword, which presents us with both conve niences and troubles. But we should not give up eating for fear of choking. The best policy, as I se e it, is to further develop the net and exert proper supervision over it so that it can benefit us in a b etter way. 10. Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On W ater Shortage. You should write at least 150 words, and base your composition on the outline give n below: 1. Water shortage is becoming an urgent problem 2. Possible solutions 10. Water Shortage No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the wh ole world is confronted. Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’ s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy. A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones. Fi rst, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed. Sec ondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage. Besides, the glob al tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem. What’s worse, pollution and waste of f resh water aggravate the situation. In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get wors e. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resour ces. Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to expect a brighter future. ========================================第10页 ======================================== 英语六级专题训练之 英语六级专题训练之 英语六级专题训练之 英语六级专题训练之 翻译句子中译英 翻译句子中译英 翻译句子中译英 翻译句子中译英 1. It ’ s believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________ (促使他们知识的积累和经历 的丰富) . 2. We _______________ (使我们的行为符合别人的) based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. 3. The class are very active. They ________________ (争先恐后地回答问题) . 4. Oxygen is ________________ (一种能和许多物质化合的气体) . 5. Mr. Smith is ________________ (这次事故的目击者之一) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. enrich their knowledge and experience 解析:本题考查合译法，“积累”与“丰富”可以共用一个英语动词 enrich ，而 enrich 的前 缀 en- 有“使„„(怎么样)”的含义，如: encircle (圈住); endanger (使危险); enfranchise (使自治)。因此，“促使”可以省略不译。本句如果译成 can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience 也没有错，但行文复杂。六级汉译英虽然没 有具体的字数要求，考生也应该在准确翻译的前提下尽量使语言精炼。 2. fit our actions to those of other people 解析:本题意为:我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。“使„„符合” 可以直接用动词 fit ，而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解“别人的”，实际上，“别人的” 是“别人的行为”省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐“行为”才能避免意思含混。因此， 不能译成 fit our actions to other people 。 3. vie with each other in answering questions 解析:本题考查固定短语“争先恐后”可以译成 strive to be the first 或 vie with each other ， vie 是不及物动词，一般与 with 连用，表示“与某人竞争做某事”。另外，本题 The class are very active 的集合名词 class 指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念，则谓语用 单数，如: This class is very large. It consists of 90 students. 4. a gas which unites with many substances 解析:本题主要考查“物质”的词义辨析。 matter 和 substance 侧重抽象的物质或某一事件; substance 指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西，侧重某个实体，如: a mineral substance (矿物); Salt is a substance we use in cooking. (盐是我们做菜时用的东西。) 5. one of those who have witnessed the accident 解析:本题考查句型 be one of „ 与 be the only one of „的辨析。但 one 前面有 the only 修饰 时，从句中的谓语动词用单数，如: She is the only one of the girls who shows special aptitude in singing and dancing. (她是这些女孩子中唯一在歌舞方面有特长的人。) 1.The students _____________ (有权进入) the library only in the afternoon. 2. (我们都很同情) _____________the husband who was bereaved of his beloved wife. ========================================第11页 ======================================== 3. (如果我有钱了) _____________, I would like to cruise in the Southern Pacific for six months in a private yacht. 4.The soldiers_____________ (非常疲累由于没有休息一直向前走) in a blizzard. 5.No one likes _____________ (被当作) a poltroon. 参考答案及解析 : 1. have access to 最精简的答案, access to ，既表示“有权”又有“使用、进入”的意思，另 外 are permitted/allowed/entitled to enter 等答案都可以。 2. We all sympathized with 很多人都想到用 sympathize ( vi. )，可是搭配的时候却出了问题， sympathize with 表示同情、同意、同感。 sympathetic ( adj. 有同情心的 , 合意的 , 赞成的)， sympathy ( n. 同情 , 同情心)。 n.[ 解 ] 交感神经 , 容易感受的人 3. If I were rich 答案是 IF I had money 也可以哦～这题主要是考察 were 型虚拟式和情态动词 表示的非真实条件句。 Were 型虚拟式 : 1) If I were you, „现在 2) If I were to stay here tomorrow 将来 3) He were to have done it by last Friday 过去 . 4. are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest exhausted ( adj. 耗尽的 , 疲惫 的)，表示疲累的另外两个常用形容词, tired 、 weary 。这题难度不大，主要是对应词语的翻 译和排列组合的问题。再提一次，表示原因的时候，用 for 是最简便的。 5. to be regarded as 注意前面是 like ，后面一定要记得加上 to be/being ， regard as ( v. 把 ... 认 作)，看了答案，发现很多都不错，如 treated as/recognized as 等等。 1: _________________________( 我刚刚到家 ) than the telephone rang. 2:The old man regretted __________________________( 一事无成 ) in his life. 3:____________________( 他五十多岁 ), but he looks younger than his age. 4:Many big cities in the world ________________________( 正面临淡水资源短缺 ). 5:He said nothing, leaving me _____________________ ( 对他的计划毫不知情 ). 参考答案及解析 : 1: No sooner did I get home 考察 no sooner „„ than 的用法。 no sooner „ than 表示“刚„„ 就„„”时主句须用倒装形式。如: No sooner had he arrived than he went away again. 他刚到就又走了。注意: hardly „ when ， no sooner „ than 不能表将来的事。 2: being nowhere 考察 regret 用法， regret to do 对要做的事 ( 未做 ) 遗憾， regret doing 对做过 的事 ( 已做 ) 遗憾、后悔。 另外是关于“一无是处” 的表述啊,据我所知就有两种: be nowhere 和 accomplish nothing 。 ========================================第12页 ======================================== 3:He is more than fifty years old 这里只是简单陈述一个事实“他五十多岁”可以用 more than 或 over 等表示，我相信比较简单。问题在于题目太过简单的时候，我们就很容易疑惑，真 的就这么简单么,有人认为这里应该使用现在完成进行时态，其实这里只要使用一般现在时 就足矣。 4:are facing the problem of lack of water resource. “正在面临”透露两个信息，一是时态为现 在进行时，二是动词为 face ( vt. 面对)，应该直接接名词 problem ，而后面的 water resource 是修饰 problem 的，期间用 of 来连接。另 face to 面朝(方向)， face with 与 ... 共同面对。 5:having no idea about his plan 考察 leave sb.doing sth 让人处于某种状态，做某事。而 leave sb to do sth. 指让某人停下手中 正在做的事情去做另一件事 1. _________________ (我没有买到一张好票) for yesterday ’ s movie. 2. It ’ s confirmed that _______________ (铁路将延伸到我们村子) . 3. The new manager of our company _____________ (有很强的事业心) . 4. When I walked past his house ， ________________ (我听见他在弹钢琴) . 5. ________________ (学生们应该从这里得出一条经验): Don ’ t be misled by false appearances. 参考答案及解析: 1. I didn’t buy a good seat 解析:题中“好票”是一个干扰项，是典型的汉语表达。“没有买到一张好票”实际上是说 “没有买到好座位”，因此不能译成 I didn ’ t buy a good ticket 。 2. the railway will be extended to our village 解析:本题考查英语被动语态的翻译。虽然原中文句给出了主动语态，但在这里主动语态表 示被动含义。因为铁路不可能自己延伸，延伸铁路的必定是人。再如:这个问题已经解决了。 ( The problem has been solved. ) 3. is a man of great enterprise 解析:本题也有很强的干扰性。考生易译成 has a strong heart of career ，这种翻译看起来与中 文对应，实际上不能被接受，而且完全背离了原文的意思。“很强的事业心”有自己固定说 法: sb. of great enterprise ，也可以说成: be self-motivated and result-oriented 。 4. I heard him playing the piano 解析:本题是对基本 知识点 高中化学知识点免费下载体育概论知识点下载名人传知识点免费下载线性代数知识点汇总下载高中化学知识点免费下载 的考查。我们知道，感官的动词 hear ， see ， watch 等有两种接续 形式:一个是后接现在分词，一个是后接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。接现在分词表示 动作正在进行中;接不带 to 的不定式表示动作已经完成。根据题意，应该选择第一种翻译。 5. Students should draw a lesson here 解析:本题意为:学生们应该从这里得出一条经验:不要被假象所迷惑。看到“经验”一词， 大多考生会反应出 experience ，但根据全句意思可知，“经验”两字在这里并不是指取得成 功之后所积累的经验，而是指从错误和失败中得出的教训。 Lesson 表示教训、惩戒、训诫 等，在译文中能准确传递原文的内涵。 ========================================第13页 ======================================== 1. We had better _________________ (天天锻炼身体) . 2. _______________ (为了不影响他们)， we left quietly. 3. _____________ (我答复她) that I would accept her invitation. 4. According to the newly-announced policy ， we should ________________ (努力搞活国有大 中型企业) . 5. It has become an utmost urgency that ________________ (必须清除政府中的贪污腐化现象) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. take exercise everyday 解析:考生如果按照字面将此句翻译成 train our body everyday ，那么就完全不符合英文表达 习惯。虽然 train 有锻炼、训练、培养之意，但一般用于 train horses ， train the football team ， train athletes 等，不能说 train one ’ s body ，“锻炼身体”的习惯译法是: do/take exercise 。 2. Not to disturb them 解析:本题主要从两个方面考察同学们对基础知识的掌握。一是“影响”的正确选词;二是 不定式作目的状语的否定用法。“影响”在这里不能选用 influence ，因为 influence 表示一种 影响人和事或导致事件发生的力量，具有感化力。而本句从意思来看应该是为了不打扰别人， 所以应该选用 disturb 。虽然汉语表述上都是“影响”，但译成英文时要联系上下语境来分析。 不定式作目的状语时，否定用法只需要在不定式前加否定词 not 即可。 3. I replied to her 解析:本题主要考查词义辨析。“答复”在英文里可以选用 reply 和 respond ， reply 是比较正 式的书面用于，有时也可以用于口头或行动上的应答，表示正式而且经过考虑过后的回答， 指答复对方论点或问题等，侧重于答复的内容。 Respond 是比较正式的用语，往往对表示号 召、职责、请求等作出相应的答复或反映。如:他没有对我的问题作出任何反应。( He didn ’ t respond to my question. ) 4. invigorate the large and medium-sized stated-owned enterprises 解析:很多考生会把“努力搞活”翻译成 endeavor to invigorate ， try our best to invigorate 。 其实，“搞活”企业就必须付出“努力”，“努力”和“搞活”之间存在意义重叠。 Invigorate 已经包括“努力使活跃”的含义，因此没必要将两个中文单词都翻译出来。另外，大家要记 住“国有企业”，“外资企业”( overseas-funded enterprises )，“合资企业”( joint venture )的 英文译文。 5. the administration must be cleaned of graft and corruption 解析:本题既考查了无主句的转换，又考查了抽象词的省译，还考查了固定短语搭配。句子 需填入部分没有给出主语，“贪污腐化现象”不可能自己清除自己，因此最佳方案是译成被 动句式;“贪污腐化”本身就是一种现象，英文不能重复译成 the phenomena of graft and corruption ;“清除”的常用搭配有: be eliminated from ， be cleared away from ， be cleaned of ， be cleaned out ， be weeded out 。 1. There is no denying that _________________ (成功的事业在于健康的身心) . 2. Her red face _______________ (让我看穿了她的心思) . ========================================第14页======================================== 3. The national key university has _____________ (输送了大批人才) for the society. 4. While we were waiting for the coffee ， ________________ (侍者拎来一篮桃子) . 5. As an old saying goes ，“ ________________ (诚实为上策)” . 参考答案及解析 : 1. successful business lies in a healthy body and mind 解析:“事业”可以选择 career 和 business ，但两者有微妙的差别。 Career 侧重指生涯、经历。 如: career diplomats (职业外交官); a career criminal (职业罪犯); a career girl (职业女性); business 侧重指一个人所从事的职业、工作或行业。另外，中文要求翻译“健康的身心”， 这个短语包括两方面的含义，健康不仅指身体，还有心智。因此若翻译成 a good health 就会 出现含义缺失。正确译文是 a healthy body and mind 。本句还考查了句型 There is no denying „ (毫无疑问)，类似的表达还有: There is no way of doing. = There is no possibility of doing. = It is impossible to do. = It is out of the question to do. = No one can do. = We cannot do. 2. tells me what she is thinking 解析:本题考查了对句子内涵的理解。“看穿”可以用 see through ，“心思”可以用 mind 。 但这句话却不能翻译成 makes me see through her mind 。因为 see through 是指透过表象看到 事物本来的面貌和特征。说 see through sb. 暗含这个人心里的鬼花样、小伎俩被识破。如: We saw through his superficial charm. (我们很清楚他的表面功夫。)而本句的正确释义是:她 脸红了，我体会出她在想什么。 Mind 是指观点、主意、注意力或具有某种思想特征的人或 人群。如: Nothing was further from my mind. (我从来没这样想过。) I can ’ t keep my mind on work. (我无法集中精神工作。) the medical mind (具有医学头脑的人); the public mind (具 有公众头脑的人)。所以，题中的“心思”用 what she is thinking 更贴切。 3. prepared batches of qualified graduates 解析:翻译此句要注意词语的正确选择。“输送”是一个语义比较模糊的词，实际上是说“为 社会培养出人才”，即:“为社会进行人才上的准备”。“人才”也是一个比较笼统的词。 因为 走出学校、进入社会，为社会服务的是大学毕业生，所以准确的翻译是 graduates 。 4. the waiter came up bearing a basket of peaches 解析:本题考生容易望文生义，把“侍者”译成 servant ，而 servant 在英语里是表示“仆人”、 “佣人”，指那些为了获得工资，膳宿在别人家干活的人。原句中的“侍者”应该是指在饭 店、旅店、餐厅里的服务生，因此用 waiter 更准确。“拎来”有两层含义:侍者朝我们走来; 侍者手上拎了东西。 Come up (to sb.) 表示朝某人走来; bearing a basket of peaches 将“拎着一 篮桃子”处理成伴随方式状语，表伴随状态。 5. Honesty is the best policy 解析:本题考查首先要注意的是:前半句已经清楚表明双引号，因此句子需填入部分是一个 完整的句法结构，翻译时不要忘记首字母大写，因为它是表示引用的内容。“上策”暗含一 个比较，即:与其他特性(如狡诈、多疑、自大等)比，诚实才是正确选择。如果将“上策” 译成 a good way ，就无法真实反映中文的韵味。“策”指策略，英语对应词是 policy 或 strategy 。 另外，前半句的表达“俗话说”大家也要注意其他类似的说法: Well goes an old saying ，“„”; As an old saying goes ( runs ， says )，“„”; An old saying goes ，“„”; It ’ s an old saying ( that )„。 1. It was essential that _______________ (我们在月底前签订合同) . ========================================第15页 ======================================== 2. _______________ (家庭人口多好还是人口少好) is a very popular topic ， which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well. 3. We must _____________ (用一切可能的办法来帮助他们) . 4. We ________________ (尽情地吃了一顿) at the new restaurant last Friday. 5. To most of the travelers ， ________________ (衣、食、住、行) are all important elements. 参考答案及解析 : 1. We sign the contract by the end of the month 解析:当表示愿望，要求，命令等含义的形容词如 advisable ， appropriate ， better ， best ， desirable ， essential ， fitting ， imperative ， important ， impossible ， incredible ， insistent ， natural ， necessary ， obligatory ， preferable ， proper ， ridiculous ， strange ， surprising ， urgent ， vital 出现在形式主 语句中时，从句要用虚拟语气。“签订合同”英语固定说法是 sign the contract 。“在月底前” 要用 by the end of ，而不是 at the end of 。 2. Whether a large family is good or not 解析:如果按照中文顺序逐一翻译就会得出译文 Whether a large family is good thing or a small family is a good thing ，这并没有语法错误，但不符合英语表达习惯。“家庭人口多好还是少 好”可以理解为:家庭人口多是好事,还是坏事,所以这里我们可以采用反译法，将“还是 人口少好”转移为汉语意思为“(人口多是好)还是不好”的英文表达—— or not ，使译文简 洁明了，避免罗嗦。 3. help them in every way possible 解析:本题最有可能出现的译文是: use very possible way to help them 。这样译文不能说错， 但不是最间接、最好的翻译。英语里，通常把方式状语放在谓语部分之后，所以可得出译文: help them in every possible way 。原句“可能”出现在被修饰语“办法”之前。根据英文习惯， “可能”的对应词 possible 应该放在所修饰的中心词 way 之后，所以有了最终译文: help them in every way possible 。 4. ate to our hearts’ content 解析:本题让考生们困扰的是如何翻译“一顿”这个量词。其实，“一顿”是汉语特有的量 词表达，是对“吃”这个动作的补充说明。“在那家新餐馆吃”就暗含了“吃了一顿”的含 义。英语里没有“一顿”的对应词。一般来说，可以不译，不影响全句意思的表达。“尽情 地”是个固定搭配，可译成: to one ’ s heart ’ s content 或 to the top of one ’ s bent 。 5. food ， clothing ， shelter ， and transportation 解析:本题要求考生熟悉汉英习语在转移时的异同。有些汉语习语在转移成英语时不需要变 换位置。如:日日夜夜( day and night );但也有一些需要改变前后顺序，如:新旧( old and new );水火( fire and water );田径( track and field );钢铁( iron and steel );贫富( rich and poor );血肉( flesh and blood )。请注意本题中哪些词语的英译改变了顺序。 1. As a world trade organization ， ___________ (没有中国)， WTO will find it hard to play its due role. 2. It _______________ (他突然想到) that the son might have killed has father. ========================================第16页 ======================================== 3. It is reported that the company _____________ (人力、物力、财力都不足) . 4. ________________ (我们刚把麦子割下来) than it began to rain. 5. As an old saying goes ，“ ________________ (相见时难别亦难)” . 参考答案及解析 : 1. without the participation of China 解析:“没有中国”当然可以译为 without China ，但是若要补足全句的意思，必然是说“没 有中国的参加”。根据上下文，“参加”两字暗含在原文的字里行间。译出暗含的意思，可 以 使英文表述更加明确，也更容易理解。全句意为:作为一个世界贸易组织，没有中国，它也 很难发挥其应有的作用。 2. occurred to him suddenly 解析:本题在没有句首 It 的前提下，完全可以译成 He suddenly thought out 。正是由于句首 的限制使得译文必须采用 It occurs to sb. that ， It strikes sb. that 的结构，表示某人突然想到什 么。 3. is short of manpower ， materials and money 解析:本题考查对词义的准确把握。“人力、物力、财力”可以分别译为: labor ， manpower/resource ， materials/finance ， money 。 Labor 指的是劳工、劳力; resource 指的是资 源，它涵盖的范围很广，甚至也可以包括人力资源和财力资源。 Finance 强调资金、资本或 金融。考生应当在比较后作出最佳选择。 4. No sooner had we got in the wheat 解析:本题考查虚拟语气的两个惯用句型: No sooner „ than „; Hardly/Scarcely „ when „。 如: She had hardly got on the train when it started. (她刚一上火车，火车就开了。)要注意的 是，两个句型都表示“一„„就„„”，主句通常用过去完成时态，从句用一般过去时态。 如果表示否定的 No sooner ， Hardly/Scarcely 放在句首，句子必须倒装。 5. It is unbearable to meet as well as to depart 解析:本题又涉及对俗语的翻译。这类翻译在上期第五题已经出现过一次。本句关键在于如 何理解原文的“难”。 Difficult 是说需要相当大的努力或技巧的、艰难的、不容易做的事情。 古语“相见时难别亦难”，是指久别的人特别盼望相聚，而相聚后有难忍行将分别的痛苦。 因此，“难”是强调人的情感，用 unbearable 更贴切。 1. _______________ (青少年犯罪的主要原因是由于) that social environment is becoming worse. 2. The workmen think _______________ (遵守安全规则很重要) . 3. The new government was accused _____________ (未实现其降低失业率的承诺) . 4. Only with combined efforts ， ________________ (我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌) . 5. Several thousands of quake-smitten inhabitants ________________ (得到了政府充分的救济) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. The main reason why juveniles commit crimes is ========================================第17页======================================== 解析:要正确翻译此句需要了解两点。第一，运用“„„的原因是由于”的英语句型 The reason why „ is that „。在汉语句型里往往可以重复使用“因为”这个词，而英语只能用一次。第 二，“青少年犯罪”叫做 juveniles commit crimes ，不能用 young children ，如: juvenile books (青少年读物); juvenile fashions (青少年的时装)。 2. it crucial to abide by the safety regulations 解析:本题考查了 think it important/necessary/crucial/enjoyable „ to do sth. 的表达。“安全规 则”可以译成 safety regulations/rules ，“遵守”可以用以下 词汇 英语3500词汇语境记忆pets3考试词汇二年级反义词和近义词初中词汇词汇大全考研英语二高频词汇表 或词语: abide by ， observe ， stand to 。 3. of unfulfilling his promise to lower the unemployment rate 解析:本题意为:新政府因未实现其降低失业率的承诺而被控诉。由于题干已经给出„ was accused ，那么译文必须采用 be accused of doing 的结构。“未实现”不能用 unrealize ， unrealize 是指“使不真实，使不实在”，用 unfulfil 更准确。 To lower the unemployment rate 作后置定 语修饰 promise 。 4. can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course 解析:本句意为:唯有通力合作，我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。由于句子是由 only with 开头，后半句必须采用倒装形式。另外，“期望„„”通常用“ expect ， that ，从句”或“ expect ， to ， V. ”结构。“呈现出新面貌”的惯用表达是: to take a new face/to take a new look. “不 久”的说法较多: in the coming future ; before long ; by and by ; soon ; in due course 。 5. got plentiful relief from the government 解析:首先肯定的是，本句时态要用一般过去时，因为从中文谓语部分可知这是对过去事实 的描述。“充分的”在这里是表示“数量大的，供应丰富的”，所以不能选用表示程度的 adequate ;而 abundant 通常用在 be abundant in 短语中使用，如: be abundant in petroleum deposits (石油储量丰富);这里可以选用 plentiful ， sufficient. “救济”是指 public assistance ， 表示来自公共的物质援助。固定短语 people on relief 就是专门指接受救济的人。 1. It ’ s believed that mixed-ability teaching can _______________ (促使他们知识的积累和经历 的丰富) . 2. We _______________ (使我们的行为符合别人的) based on a constant mental process of appraisal and interpretation. 3. The class are very active. They ________________ (争先恐后地回答问题) . 4. Oxygen is ________________ (一种能和许多物质化合的气体) . 5. Mr. Smith is ________________ (这次事故的目击者之一) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. enrich their knowledge and experience 解析:本题考查合译法，“积累”与“丰富”可以共用一个英语动词 enrich ，而 enrich 的前 缀 en- 有“使„„(怎么样)”的含义，如: encircle (圈住); endanger (使危险); enfranchise (使自治)。因此，“促使”可以省略不译。本句如果译成 can cause the accumulation of their knowledge and the abundance of their experience 也没有错，但行文复杂。六级汉译英虽然没 有具体的字数要求，考生也应该在准确翻译的前提下尽量使语言精炼。 2. fit our actions to those of other people ========================================第18页======================================== 解析:本题意为:我们是基于一贯的评价和理解来使我们的行为符合别人的。“使„„符合” 可以直接用动词 fit ，而本句最容易出错的地方在于如何理解“别人的”，实际上，“别人的” 是“别人的行为”省略。但是在翻译成英语时必须补齐“行为”才能避免意思含混。因此， 不能译成 fit our actions to other people 。 3. vie with each other in answering questions 解析:本题考查固定短语“争先恐后”可以译成 strive to be the first 或 vie with each other ， vie 是不及物动词，一般与 with 连用，表示“与某人竞争做某事”。另外，本题 The class are very active 的集合名词 class 指代班级成员因而谓语用复数。如果表示整体概念，则谓语用 单数，如: This class is very large. It consists of 90 students. 4. a gas which unites with many substances 解析:本题主要考查“物质”的词义辨析。 matter 和 substance 侧重抽象的物质或某一事件; substance 指某种质地、形体、特征或重要性的东西，侧重某个实体，如: a mineral substance (矿物); Salt is a substance we use in cooking. (盐是我们做菜时用的东西。) 5. one of those who have witnessed the accident 解析:本题考查句型 be one of „ 与 be the only one of „的辨析。但 one 前面有 the only 修饰 时，从句中的谓语动词用单数，如: She is the only one of the girls who shows special aptitude in singing and dancing. (她是这些女孩子中唯一在歌舞方面有特长的人。) 1. Man ， no less than the lower forms of life ， _______________ (是演化过程的产物) . 2. _______________ (不止一个人觉察到) her agitation. 3. ________________ (液体密度越大)， the easier it is to float on it. 4. _______________ (只有工人的要求得到满足) will they return to work. 5. Had ________________ (要不是有水库) we ’ d never have been able to beat the drought. 参考答案及解析 : 1. is a product of the evolutionary process 解析:单数名词， with ， together with ， along with ， as well as ， accompanied by ， no less than ， rather than ， in addition to ， instead of ， including ， besides 等，名词结构作主语时，谓语动词 用单数。 Man 在这里是个单数概念，指全人类，因此句子谓语部分要用单数 is 。再如: A technician ， along with some young workers ， is working on the design. (技术员正在和一些青年 工人一道搞 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 。)本题全句意为:人类，同生命的低级形式一样，是演化过程的产物。 2. More than one person has noticed 解析: many a 或 more than one 所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数。所以句子需 填入部分谓语译成 has ，又由于“觉察到”暗示了动作已经发生，因此用完成时态。但是， 考生要注意的是:如果 more than one 后面又出现了 thousand ， hundred 等，动词就要用复数， 如: More than one thousand graduates have responded to the Party ’ s call and gone to work in the border regions. (一千多名毕业生响应党的号召，到边疆工作去了。) 3. The denser a liquid is 解析:本题考查的是“ the ， adj. 比较级， the ， adj. 比较级”的结构，表示“越„„越„„”。 The denser 在句中充当表语。当表语前置，主语和系动词用正常语序即可。当前置的表语为 ========================================第19页 ======================================== 形容词词组、介词短语等，主语和系动词就要倒装。如: To north of the town was little village ， where I spent my childhood in happiness. (在这个小城镇的北边有一个小村庄，我在那儿幸福 地度过了我的童年。) 4. Only when the workers’ demands are satisfied 解析:本题考查 only 修饰的状语放在句首，主谓要倒装。 Will they return to work 已经给出 暗示。此外， only ，副词， only ，介词短语置于句首，主谓也要倒装。如: Only with the aid of telescope can he observe the celestial bodies. (只有借助望远镜，他才能观测到天体。)值得注 意的是:如果句首 only 修饰的是主语，则不需要倒装。如: Only Tom has been to the small island once before. (只有汤姆以前去过那个小岛一次。) 5. it not been for the reservoir 解析:由于句首已经给出 Had ，那么这里就是考查虚拟语气省略 if 引起的主谓倒装。由主句 时态可知，从句情况与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时态。另外，如果句首倒装的条件句 含有否定词 not ，且 had 提前，一般不可使用省略式 n ’ t ，而应将 not 置于条件句之后。本 题意为:若不是有水库，我们绝不能战胜干旱。 六级考试翻译题训练指导 ( 七 ) 1. If only _______________ (你没把我的话告诉杰吉)， everything would have been all right. 2. They had no sooner gone to the plant _______________ (就开始干活了) . 3. Don ’ t trust such men ________________ (当面过分称赞你) . 4. I ’ ve got many novels ， _______________ (其中一些很有趣) . 5. ________________ (那两个国家中断了外交关系) on the eve of World War. 参考答案及解析 : 1. You hadn’t told Jackie what I said 解析:本题考查虚拟语气， if only 是 if 的强调式，用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，意思为:“但 愿„„，要是„„就好了”，谓语动词多用虚拟语气。本句意为:“要是你没把我的话告诉 杰 吉就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了”。 If only 也可以用来引导感叹句，如: If only she would stop singing! (但愿她不要再唱了～) 2. than they began to work 解析:在前面的练习中已经考查过 no sooner „ than ， hardly/scarcely „ when 的用法。这里想 再强调的是， no sooner „ than 只能用于过去时，一般不能和主句是现在时或将来时的句子连 用，但 hardly/scarcely „ when 有时可以用于现在时，表示一种经常性的行为，如: The day has scarcely broken when he gets up to study. (天刚破晓，他就起床学习。) 3. as overpraise you to your face 解析:本题考查 as 用作关系代词或关系副词引导出限制性定语从句的结构。这种结构在从 句中通常左主语、宾语、表语和状语。 as 在这里作主语，指人。这句话相当于 Don ’ t trust those men who overpraise you to your face 。 as 用作关系代词或关系副词除了可以用在 such „ as 的 结构中，还可以用在 the same „ as 的结构中。如: We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by. (我们沿着我们进城的同一条路开车出城。) as 在这个句子中作关系副词。 4. some of which are very interesting ========================================第20页 ======================================== 解析:本题考查 of which 在句中引导非限制性定语从句，当 of which ， of whom 结构和 some ， all ， both 等代词或数词连用时，可以有不同的语序。所以答案也可以这样: of which some are very interesting 。 5. The two countries broke off diplomatic relationship 解析: on the eve of 表示“在„„前夕”， on 用来指代某一特定的时间。 Break off 是指 to cease to be friendly ，“断绝(关系)，不再友好，绝交”。 1. He works _______________ (在倒数第二个办公室) . 2. The beauty of the lake is _______________ (难以用语言形容) . 3. ________________ (一个人如果关在家里)， a person can ’ t know much about the world. 4. _______________ (完成作业后)， they went to the library. 5. I found him ________________ (被打得青一块紫一块) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. in the last office but one 解析: but 经常与表示最高级的形容词或 first ， next ， last 等同连用，如: Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world. (有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智 排第二。) She was the last but one to come. (她是倒数第二个来的。) 2. beyond description 解析:比起译文 not easy to describe in words ， cannot be described by words ，答案的译文显然 要精妙得多。 beyond 用作介词时可以表示 exceeding ， out the reach of ，即:超出(理解、范 围、眼界)之上。如: This passage is beyond my comprehension. (这篇文章超出了我的理解 力。) I won ’ t buy your radio set beyond my offer. (只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收 音机。) 3. Kept within houses 解析:过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。 Kept within houses 要比 If a person was kept within houses 更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句 person 的重复。请看下例: Given more time, I can also do it. (如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。)过去分词短语还可 以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如: Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too. (作原因状语) Heated ， ice changes into water. (作条件状语) He went there with great hope ， but returned greatly disappointed. (表伴随状况) 4. Having finished their homework 解析:我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分 词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因 此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式， 如: Seeing the picture ， he couldn ’ t help thinking of her. (一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。) 5. beaten black and blue 解析:本题考点有二:一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”;二是过去分词作宾语补足语的 用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略 to be ，尤其是在 like ， want ， order ， ========================================第21页 ======================================== wish 后，如: I wish him driven away. , I wish him to be driven away 。换成被动语态后就是: He is wished (to be ) driven away. 1. The murderer deserves _______________ (被绞死) . 2. _______________ (他们来帮忙) encouraged me. 3. I was sorry ________________ (没看上这部电影) . 4. In this night ， if we can make good use of time ， _______________ (当然毫无疑问地我们会 成功) . 5. The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand ， the public also should ________________ (培养减少污染的好习惯) . 参考答案及解析 : 1. hanging/ to be hanged 解析:本题既可以用 V-ing 也可以用动词不定式。除 deserve 外， need ， require ， want 后也 可以跟主动语态的动名词，但含义却是被动的。如: Your windows need cleaning. (你的窗户 需要擦。) His story requires investigating. (他说的话需要调查核实。) Your shoes want polishing. (你的鞋需要擦。)与这类用法很类似的是形容词 worth 后接动名词，其含义也属于被动。 如: Your method is worth trying. (你的办法值得一试。) The novel is worth reading. (这本小 说值得一读。) 2. Their coming to help 解析:原中文句是一个完整的“主、谓、宾”结构，但这种汉语语法结构按照字面直接译成 英语 They came to help 的话，就不符合英语语法规范，因为后半句已经出现了谓语动词 encouraged ，所以这里我们要采用词性转译法，把“他们来帮忙”处理成动名词作主语的形 式。其实，还有一种 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 是把“他们来帮忙”处理成 that 引导的主语从句 That they came to help ， 在句子作主语。 3. to have missed this film 解析:本题考查了反译法和不定式完成时的用法。“没看上这部电影，所以我才感到遗憾”， 因此动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以要用完成时态。如果用正译法将句子需填入部分译成 not to have seen this film 就不符合英语表达习惯，没有答案的效果好。 4. there can surely be no doubt that we will succeed 解析: in this light 是一个惯用表达，意思是“这样说来”; make good use of 指“善用时间”。 如果将原文译成 there can be no doubt that we would succeed ，就只将“毫无疑问”译了出来， 却没能体现“当然”。那么在 there can 结构中“当然”应该放在什么位置呢,通常 surely/ certainly 都放在情态动词之后，系动词之前。注意:“成功”也可以说 get somewhere ;反之， 不成功、一事无成、毫无进展就用 get nowhere 。如: The new policy will get the company nowhere. (新的政策将使公司前途晦暗。) 5. develop the good habit of reducing pollution 解析:本题考查词义辨析。“培养”的英文对应词是 cultivate ，但 cultivate 是指通过犁地等 来耕作土地或指对人的养育、培育，如: to cultivate a love of art (培养对艺术的爱好); to cultivate a new generation (培育新一代)。句中的意思是说，政府应严格执法，另一方面，大 ========================================第22页======================================== 众也应该养成减少污染的好习惯。“习惯”是要大众自己养成的，而不是说大众要培养什么 其他人，所以应用 develop 这个词，表示逐渐形成，使行为朝着某一特定目标发展。 1. We ’ ll be all right _______________ (只要我们能到达下一个加油站) . 2. Seeing these pictures _______________ (让我想到了我的童年时代) . 3. We all know the fact that ________________ (他们已使工厂现代化) . 4. It is quite clear that _______________ (整个计划注定要失败) . 5. All the lights in this building ________________ (都受这个开关的控制) . 答案及解析 : 1. if only we can get to the next petrol-station 解析:本题“只要”不能用 as long as ， as long as 保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中 的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如: I ’ ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean. (只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。)如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的 动作，最好用 if only 。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用 as long as 。 2. reminded me of my own childhood 解析:一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用 make sb. do/ let sb. do 的句型。但题中情 况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用 remind sb. of sth. 的结构。如: The film reminded him of what he had seen in China. (这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。) This reminded her of college days. (这使她回想起了大学里的日子。) remember 指“记住、牢记”， 与 remind „ of 有区别。 3. they have modernized their factories 解析:本题考查 that 引导同位语从句。 The fact 是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已 使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。 4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail 解析: that- 从句作主语通常用 it 作形式主语，而将 that- 从句置于句末。如: It is a pity that you should have to leave. (你非走不可真是件憾事。)另外，“注定„„”是一个固定搭配， be doomed to 通常后接名词或不定式，如: The prisoner was doomed to death. (囚犯被判处死刑。) His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation. (他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。) 5. are controlled by this switch 解析:本题翻译并不难，但考查了“ by ，执行者”在句中的用法。我们知道，“ by ，执行者” 结构表示被动，通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一，当执行者指 艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时，如: The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci. (《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的)。第二，当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如: While the boy was walking on the road ， he was robbed of his bread by an old man. (那个男孩在路上行走时， 他的面包被一老人抢去。)本题所考查的正是第三种;当执行者是非生物性名词短语时 ========================================第23页======================================== Part ? ?? ? Writing 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 30 min Food Safety. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 食品安全事故屡有发生 2. 人们对食品的安全越来越担心 3. 怎样才能解决好食品的安全问题 Part ? ?? ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 15 min A Guide to Job HuntingDeveloping your career and finding a new job can take over your life if you're not careful. That's why recruitment experts Kelly Services have come up with a great list of shortcuts and top tips that will help you manage your time and achieve your goals. According to latest research from Kelly, which last year found over 10 000 people permanent jobs across a wide range of business sectors, employers are looking for top talent combined with commitment and enthusiasm. Prioritize your needsWork out your priorities. What's important to you, what sort of company do you want to work for and what type of job you are after? How ambitious are you, would you be prepared to relocate, how far are you willing to commute and how important is job satisfaction? This initial homework will help you to recognize your own key requirements and could save a huge amount of time that could be wasted chasing after the wrong type of job. Consult the expertsTake the hassle out of job hunting by discussing your career options with the experts. Staffing giants Kelly Services have over 500 experienced recruitment consultants in 120 High Street locations who can take the leg work out of job hunting for you. They have contacts with multi-national “ blue chips ” as well as with smaller local companies and, with cutting edge technology in place, they can look at all available jobs nationwide at the touch of a button. Executive CV tipsSelling yourself and your skills successfully in your CV can make all the difference between securing an interview or finding yourself on the reject list. Remember to focus on your achievements, to give examples of tasks you have successfully completed which demonstrate your strengths and competencies and to include activities that reflect your attitude and personality. Your CV should be tailored to specific job opportunities and you should have an electronic version as well as a paper based one. Making sure that your CV is up to scratch is one of the services offered by Kelly, so if yours is in need of an overhaul contact the experts. Jobs onlineThe Internet has revolutionized the search for work and the web is a great place to look for jobs. There are hundreds of different jobs advertised on www.kellyservices.co.uk — and because it's available 24 — 7 you can check up on your job opportunities whenever it suits you. Once you have registered for work and given us all your details, Kelly will contact you when the right job comes up — you don't even have to chase us. But make sure that you set up a private email address because you won't want to be bombarded at work. Get connectedThe web, which gives you access to more than a million companies in every part of the globe, is the place to research your potential employers. Use a search engine to find out the latest on specific companies, industries and who's been in the news. Effective time managementUsing your time effectively is crucial, particularly if you are working while looking for your new job, and it's here that your strategy and plan of action will come into their own. Make sure that your plan has targets, realistic deadlines, and that you set certain periods of time aside to focus on your search. One hour of concentrated effort is worth four hours of interruptions, so make sure you are not disturbed! In today's busy world it's all about learning to ========================================第24页 ======================================== save time and spend it effectively. Career counselingSometimes you just need someone to talk to, to get your thoughts mobilized, and Kelly's career counsel-ing service is the perfect option. In absolute privacy you can discuss your employability and financial expectations in the knowledge that Kelly has all the latest market data on salaries and trends to hand. Being able to pinpoint where you want your career to go and map out a realistic pathway is a great confidence booster. Being preparedMake sure that your skills are bang up to date and that you understand the different processes employers are now using to recruit staff. You may be required to take a psychometric( 心 理测量学 ) evaluation, which will either test your aptitude, ability or personality. If you know what to expect then you will be much more successful on the day. You can discuss any aspect of a forthcoming interview with your Kelly Consultant who will be able to explain the various techniques to you and help you prepare for them. Be prepared for the unexpectedNowadays employers often ask questions designed to discover more about you as a person and the way you react to different situations. Be prepared to describe an actual experience which shows how you dealt with an issue and achieved a successful outcome. For instance: ? Give me an example of when you have had to deal with a particularly difficult customer? ? How did you feel in this situation? ? How have you ensured that you have been able to deliver everything that has been expected of you in your previous roles? ? Think about the most effective team environment that you have worked in. ? What role did you play? ? Can you think of a time when you have had to deal with conflict within a team? Poor candidates tend to blame external factors while good candidates are more likely to take personal responsibility. They are not looking for the perfect candidate who has never experienced difficulties or failures, but for people who can be positive and rise to challenges. Sometimes the people asking the question say one thing but mean quite another. Here is the inside track on some of the trickier questions that you can practice with a friend. ? What did you like about your previous job?Sounds innocuous( 无伤大雅的 ) enough but if you aren't careful you could fall into the trap of focusing on the best bits of your job. What the interviewer really wants to know is whether you are prepared to take the rough with the smooth and approach the job with a positive attitude even if it's a very mundane task. ? What did you think about your boss?This is less about whether you actually liked him or her but more about finding out whether you would fit into a team, so avoid being critical. Even if your boss was dreadful, try and answer in a positive way such as saying that he or she taught you to assess your strengths and weaknesses, etc. ? What would your friends/boss say about you?Here they are looking for buzzwords such as motivated, conscientious, open-minded, loyal, committed, dedicated, flexible and creative, but obviously these qualities must come through in your approach to the interview.And finally there are those killer questions such as: ? Tell me a joke. ? That was the question you didn't want me to ask you. ? Would you ever lie in the interests of your job? ? Give me three things to remember you by. ? Can you name five members of the Cabinet? If you come up against questions such as these, take a few moments to consider your answers. It may feel like a lifetime to you but it isn't and it's much better to think about what you are going to say than waffle. Often these really tricky questions are thrown in just to see how you react. It's all about successWhen that new job offer arrives you know you have been successful — but what does it take to be a winner in today's world of work? Commitment, enthusiasm and a determination to make things happen, a willingness to accept responsibility, plus motivation, skills ========================================第25页 ======================================== and competencies. Not only that but you need the right attitude and as much help as you can get from the experts who can help you avoid the pitfalls and use their business connections and experience to help you make the very best of yourself. 1. Which one will help people to recognize their own key requirements during hunting a job? A) Managing time.B) Working out priorities. C) Consulting the experts. D) Asking for the family's requirements. 2. Which kind of companies do the Kelly Services contact with? A) Both multi-national and small local companies.B) Listed companies. C) Smaller local companies.D) International enterprise. 3. Which is one of the services offered by Kelly? A) To make sure your CV meets the requirements.B) To help fill the CV online. C) To help hand your CV to the companies.D) To establish a time table for you. 4. When will Kelly contact you once you have registered for work and offered all your details? A) When you chase Kelly to ask about your job.B) When the right job comes up. C) After you give Kelly a private email address.D) When an employer is interested in your CV. 5. Kelly has all the latest about the job hunting market. A) market data on salaries and trends to hand B) data on questions that the employer ask during interviews C) data on the successful examples with the help of Kelly D) records of the companies newly set up 6. Nowadays employers often ask questions designed to . A) find the interviewees' shortcomings B) find the solutions of the company's problems C) make the interviewees realize they need to learn more D) discover more about interviewee and the way the interviewee react to different situations 7. Nowadays the employers are looking for the good candidates who . A) has never experienced difficulties or failuresB) can be positive and rise to challenges C) can deal with the conflict on one's ownD) will obey the superior leader's orders 8. When the interviewer refers to the interviewees' previous job, he really wants to know is whether the interviewees are ready to take the rough and approach the job with . 9. When the interviewer asks the questions about the previous boss, he wants to find out whether the interviewees would . 10. If you come up against the killer questions such as these listed in the passage, take a few moments to . Part ? ?? ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 25 min Section A More attention was paid to the quality of production in France at the time of Rene Coty ( Charles Deschanel was then the financial minister ( He stressed that workmanship and quality were more important than quantity for industrial production ( It would be necessary to produce quality goods for the international market to compete with those produced in other countries ( The French economy needed a larger share of the international market to balance its import and export trade ( French industrial and agricultural production was still inadequate to meet the immediate needs of the people ， let alone long-ranged developments ( Essential imports had stretched the ========================================第26页======================================== national credit to the breaking point ( Rents were tightly controlled ， but the extreme inflation affected general population most severely through the cost of food ( Food costs took as much as 80 percent of the workers' income ( Wages ， it is true ， had risen ( Extensive family allowances and benefits were paid by the state ， and there was full-time and overtime employment ( Taken together ， these factors enabled the working class to exist but allowed them no sense of security ( In this precarious (不稳定的) and discouraging situation ， workmen were willing to work overseas for higher wages ( The government was reluctant to let workers leave the country ( It was feared this immigration of workers would deplete the labor force ( The lack of qualified workers might hinder the improvement in the quality of industrial products produced ( Qualified workers employed abroad would only increase the quantity of quality goods produced in foreign countries ( Also the quantity of quality goods produced in France would not be able to increase as part of its qualified labor force moved to other countries ( 47. Rene Coty and Charles Deschanel were both interested in . 48. The French economy needed a larger share of the international market . 49. Although rents in France were extremely controlled, the extreme inflation affected general population most severely through the . 50. According to the passage ， the French workers were . 51. The French government was reluctant to let the workers leave the country because it would hinder . Section B Passage one Two related paradoxes also emerge from the same basic conception of the aesthetic experience. The first was given extended consideration by Hegel, who argued roughly as follows: our sensuous attention and that gives to the work of art its peculiar individuality. Because it addresses itself to our sensory appreciation, the work of art is essentially concrete, to be understood by an act of perception rather than by a process of discursive thought.At the same time, our understanding of the work of art is in part intellectual; we seek in it a conceptual content, which it presents to us in the form of an idea. One purpose of critical interpretation is to expound this idea in discursive form — to give the equivalent of the content of the work of art in another, nonsensuous idiom. But criticism can never succeed in this task, for, by separating the content from the particular form, it abolishes its individuality. The content presented then ceases to be the exact content of that work of art. In losing its individuality, the content loses its aesthetic reality; it thus ceases to be a reason for attending to the particular work and that first attracted our critical attention. It cannot be this that we saw in the original work and that explained its power over us. For this content, displayed in the discursive idiom of the critical intellect, is no more than a husk, a discarded relic of a meaning that eluded us in the act of seizing it. If the content is to be the true object of aesthetic interest, it must remain wedded to its individuality: it cannot be detached from its “ sensuous embodiment ” without being detached from itself. Content is, therefore, inseparable from form and form in turn inseparable from content. (It is the form that it is only by virtue of the content that it embodies.)Hegel's argument is the archetype of many, all aimed at showing that it is both necessary to distinguish form from content and also impossible to do so. This paradox may be resolved by rejecting either of its premises, but, as with Kant's antinomy, neither premise seems dispensable. To suppose that content and form are inseparable is, in effect, to dismiss both ideas as ========================================第27页 ======================================== illusory, since no two works of art can then share either a content or a form — the form being definitive of each work's individuality. In this case, no one could ever justify his interest in a work of art by reference to its meaning. The intensity of aesthetic interest becomes a puzzling, and ultimately inexplicable, feature of our mental life. If, on the other hand, we insist that content and form are separable, we shall never be able to find, through a study of content, the reason for attending to the particular work of art that intrigues us. Every work of art stands proxy for its paraphrase. An impassable gap then opens between aesthetic experience and its ground, and the claim that aesthetic experience is intrinsically valuable is thrown in doubt. 52. Hegel argued that . A) it is our sensuous appreciation that gives peculiar individuality to the work of art B) it is the content of the work of art that holds our attention C) the work of art cannot be understood without a process of logical thinking D) the form of the work of art is what our sensuous appreciation concentrates on 53. It can be inferred from this passage that . A) it is necessary to distinguish form from content and also impossible to do so B) both content and form of the work of art are illusory C) the content and form of the work of art are separable D) aesthetic experience is not intrinsically valuable 54. Which of the following is NOT what Hegel believed? A) The content and form of the work of art cannot be separated from each other. B) The content of the work of art is always the true object of aesthetic interest. C) The content presented without any individuality is not the content of the work of art. D) The content understood by means of a process of discursive thought is no more than a husk. 55. Why does Premises that are related to each other seem to be dispensable? A) Kant thinks they are indispensable.B) Either of them can resolve the paradox. C) The premises are separated.D) The premises can account for the theory. 56. What is the passage mainly about? A) The sensuous appreciation of art. B) The basic conception of the aesthetic experience. C) How to appreciate the work of art. D) The relationship between form and content of the work of art.Passage Two Passage two In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog (齿轮) in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped( 播送的 ) music, and by psychologists and “ human-relations ” experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-and the white-collar workers have become economic puppets( 木偶 ) who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job, they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social ladder are no less ========================================第28页 ======================================== anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again — by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth century “ free enterprise capitalism ” ? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities — those of love and reason — are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. 57. By “ a well-oiled cog in the machinery ” (Para. 1) the author intends to render the idea that man is . A) a necessary part of the society though each individual's function is negligible B) working in complete harmony with the rest of society C) an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothly D) a humble component of the society, especially when working smoothly 58. The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that . A) they are likely to lose their jobs B) they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in life C) they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existence D) they are deprived of their individuality and independence 59. From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those . A) who are at the bottom of the society B) who are higher up in their social status C) who prove better than their fellow-competitors D) who could keep far away from this competitive world 60. To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should . A) resort to the production mode of our ancestors B) offer higher wages to the workers and employees C) enable man to fully develop his potentialities D) take the fundamental realities for granted 61. The author's attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of . A) approvalB) dissatisfactionC) suspicionD) tolerance Part ? ?? ? Cloze 标准时间实际用 标准时间实际用 标准时间实际用 标准时间实际用时 时时 时 15 min Of all the employed workers in the United States, 12.5 million are part of a temporary workforce. The United States Bureau of Labor Statistics counts 9.2 percent of workers as those who have 62 they term “ alternative employment arrangements. ” The government predicts that temporary staffing agencies will 63 growth of 49 percent by 2010. If numbers increase 64 the rate of ========================================第29页 ======================================== predicted, these companies will add 1.9 million new jobs by 2010. Temporary workers were the first ones to be affected by the recent economic recession, but they are likely to be the first to regain 65 as the economy 66 and companies work to rebuild. Employers use temporary workers as a resource because they offer 67 and come at a low cost. Many temporaries are 68 as “ independent contractors ” instead of employees, 69 allows the employer to avoid paying certain taxes. Because they are not required to offer 70 to temporary workers, companies can save a great deal of money by hiring temps. Usually, temporary workers can qualify for benefits if they work for a staffing company for a certain length of time. Most temps, 71, do not continue with one company long enough to qualify for them because they regard the position as a step to a permanent position.According to Richard Wahlquist, president of the American Staffing Association, 75 72 of temporary workers hope for transition out of the temporary staffing category after a period of time. Wahlquist finds that temporary workers spend about 11 weeks on various assignments before their 73 out of the temporary workforce. Many use temporary positions to gain experience and skills before they move on to 74 jobs. Wahquist says that the temp workforce as a whole turns 75 400 percent each year.Tom Dilworth, research director at the Employment Policies Institute, explains that some workers like having temporary jobs because it 76 them a lot of 77 with time and everything. Some temps only have a limited amount of time to work and temp agencies can help coordinate jobs to 78 their schedules. Other sometimes — employees use temporary jobs to get a (an) 79 to a company from the inside, to get a 80 in the door of a certain business or career. Some others take temporary positions in hopes their employers will change them 81 to permanent positions eventually. 62. A) which B) whatC) when D) as 63. A) see B) bring aboutC) bring forth D) experience 64. A) by B) toC) at D) in 65. A) positions B) employmentC) promotion D) lure 66. A) picks up B) puts upC) brings up D) sets up 67. A) technique B) work forceC) immobility D) flexibility 68. A) termed B) calledC) categorized D) described 69. A) who B) whichC) that D) as 70. A) benefits B) salariesC) training opportunities D) technique training 71. A) therefore B) whereasC) however D) moreover 72. A) most B) percentC) a few D) few 73. A) transition B) transduction C) transit D) transaction 74. A) other B) other oneC) permanent D) better 75. A) up B) aboutC) in D) over 76. A) provides B) giveC) affords D) produces 77. A) elasticity B) opportunitiesC) chances D) advantages 78. A) bit B) finishC) fit D) regulate 79. A) chance B) passportC) introduction D) permission 80. A) fission B) footC) feud D) foam 81. A) up B) completelyC) forward D) overPart ? ?? ? Translation 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 5 min 82. I found quite a few classmates ( 和我挺投缘 ). 83. , it is often considered impolite to interject a remark when people are talking.( 无论在什么文 ========================================第30页 ======================================== 化背景下 ) 84. As a housewife, she always ( 把家里收拾得整洁漂亮 ). 85. He is well aware that ( 他晋升的可能性根本没有 ). 86. There is no evidence that ( 大多数人愿意对生态环境无害的产品支付更多的钱 ). Model Test Two Part ? ?? ? Writing 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 30 min Video Game: A Blessing or a Curse. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below. 1. 电子游戏在学生之间享有很高的人气，很多人玩，尤其是大学生 2. 沉迷电子游戏对于学生的影响 3. 解决“电子游戏热”带来的影响的办法 Part ? ?? ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 15 min How to Get a Great IdeaThe guests had arrived, and the wine was warm. Once again, I'd forgotten to refrigerate it. “ Don't worry, ” a friend said, “ I can chill it for you right away. ” Five minutes later she emerged from the kitchen with the wine perfectly cooled. Asked to reveal her secret, she said, “ Easy. I poured the wine in a plastic bag and then dipped it in ice water. After a few minutes the wine was cold. The hard part was getting it back into bottle. I couldn't find a funnel( 漏斗 ) ， so I made a cone with wax paper. ” My guests applauded. “ How wonderful if we could all be that clever, ” one remarked.A decade of research has convinced me we can. What separates the average person from Edison, Picasso or even Shakespeare isn't creative capacity — it's the ability to use that capacity by encouraging creative impulses and then acting upon them. Most of us seldom achieve our creative potential. I think I know why, and I can help unlock the reservoir of ideas hiding within every one of us.One puzzle I've watched students deal with is retrieving a Ping-Pong ball that has fallen to the bottom of sealed, vertical drainpipe. The tools that they can use are either too short to reach the ball or too wide to fit into the pipe, which is also too narrow to reach into by hand. At last some students make the connection: drainpipe=water=floating. They pour water down the hole, and the ball floats to the top.This and many other experiments suggest concrete ways of increasing creativity in all of us. Here are the best techniques. Capture the fleetingA good idea is like a rabbit. It runs by so fast that sometimes you see only its ears or tail. To capture it, you must be ready. Creative people are always ready to act, and that may be the only difference between us and them.Poet Lowell wrote of the urgency with which she captured new ideas, “ Whatever I am doing, I lay it aside and attend to the arriving poem, ” she wrote. Like many other writers, Lowell sought paper and pencil when she saw a good idea coming. I enter new ideas into a pocket computer. Anything — even a napkin — will do.In a letter to a friend in 1821, Ludwig van Beethoven talked about how he thought of a beautiful tune while dozing in carriage. “ But scarcely did I awake when away flew the tune, ” he wrote, “ and I could not recall any part of it. ” Fortunately — for Beethoven and for us — the next day in the same carriage, the tune came back to him, and this time he captured it in writing.When a good idea comes your way, write it down — on your arm if necessary. Not every idea will have value, of course. The point is to capture first and evaluate them later. DaydreamSurrealist Dali used to lie on a sofa, holding a spoon. Just as he began to fall asleep, Dali would drop the spoon onto a plate on the floor. The sound shocked him awake, and he would ========================================第31页 ======================================== immediately sketch the images he had seen in his mind in that fertile world of semi-sleep.Everyone experiences this strange state, and everyone can take advantage of it. Try Dali's trick, or just allow yourself to daydream. For many, the “ three b's ”— bed, bath and bus — are productive. there, and anywhere else you can be with your thoughts undisturbed, you'll find that ideas emerging freely. Seek challengesWhen you're stuck behind a locked door, every behavior that's ever gotten you free turns up quickly: you may push or pull on the knob, bang the door — even shout for help. Scientists call the rehappening of old behaviors in a challenging situation resurgence. The more behaviors that reappear, the greater the number of possible interconnections, and the more likely that new ideas will occur.Try inviting friends and business associations from different areas of your life to a party. Bring people of two or three generations together. This will get you thinking in new ways.Edwin Land, one of America's most prolific inventors, said that the idea that led to his invention of the Polaroid camera came from his three-year-old daughter. On a visit to Santa Fe in 1943, she asked why she couldn't see the picture he had just taken. During the next hour, as Land walked around Santa Fe, all he had learned about chemistry came together, with amazing results. Said Land, “ The camera and the film became clear to me. In my mind they were so real that I spent several hours describing them. ” Put new and crazy items — like kid's toys — on your desk. Turn pictures upside down or sideways. The more detersive the stimulations we receive, the more rapidly the mind produces new ideas. Expand your worldMany discoveries in sciences, engineering and the arts mix ideas from different fields. Consider “ the Two-String problem ” . Two widely separated strings hang from a ceiling. Even though you can't reach both at once, is it possible to tie their ends together, using only a pair of pliers?One college student found the solution almost immediately. He tied the pliers to one string and set it in motion like pendulum (钟摆) . As it swung back and forth, he walked quickly to the other string and drew it as far forward as it would reach. Then he caught the swinging string when it passed near him and tied the two ends.Asked how he had solved the problem, the student explained he had just come from a physics class on pendulum motion. What he had learned in one context transferred to a completely different one.This principle works outside the lab as well. To enhance your creativity, learn something new. If you're banker, take up tap dancing. If you're a nurse, try a course in mythology. Read a book on a subject you know little about. Change your daily newspaper. The new will interconnect with the old in novel and potentially fascinating ways. Becoming more creative is really just a matter of paying attention to that endless flow of ideas you produce, and learning to capture and act upon the new that's within you. 1. The author believes that those who have creative capacity are usually great figures. 2. The example of the students getting the Ping-Pong ball proves that students are more creative than average people. 3. The examples of Amy Lowell and Beethoven tell us that we should write down a good idea immediately as it may easily disappear. 4. Daydreaming can be a good way of realizing one's creative potential. 5. People facing challenges are unlikely to achieve creative ideas. 6. Salvador Dali is a famous surrealist painter, whose works are highly controversial from the modernism or even post-modernism perspective. 7. To enhance creativity, people should always learn something new. 8. The success of Edison, Picasso or even Shakespeare lies on their ability to rather than mere ========================================第32页 ======================================== creative capacity. 9. The author believes that many discoveries in science, engineering and the arts mix ideas from . 10. Learn to be more creative is just a matter of focusing on the endless flow of ideas you produce, and learning to the new that's within you. Part ? ?? ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 25 min Section A Many private institutions of higher education around the country are in danger. Not all will be saved, and perhaps not all deserved to be saved. There are low-quality schools just as there is low-quality business. We have no obligation to save them simply because they exist. But many thriving institutions that deserve to continue are threatened. They are doing a fine job educationally, but they are caught in a financial squeeze, with no way to reduce rising costs or increasing revenues significantly. Raising tuition doesn't bring in more revenues, for each time tuition goes up, the enrollment goes down, or theamount that must be given away in student aid goes up. Schools are businesses, whether public or private, not usually because of mismanagement but because of the nature of the enterprise. They lose money on every customer, and they can go bankrupt either from too few students or too many students. Even a very good college is a very bad business.It is such colleges, thriving but threatened, I worry about. Low enrollment is not their chief problem. Even with full enrollment, they may go under. Efforts to save them, and preferably to keep them private, are a national necessity. There is no basis for arguing that private schools are inherently better than public schools. Examples to the contrary abound. Anyone can name state universities and colleges that rank as the finest in the nation and the world. It is now inevitable that public institutions will be dominant, and therefore diversity is a national necessity. Diversity in the way we support schools tends to give us a healthy diversity in the forms of education. In an imperfect society such as ours, uniformity of education throughout the nation could be dangerous. In an imperfect society diversity is a positive good. Ardent supporters of public higher education know the importance of sustaining private higher education. 47. We have no obligation to save some school because . 48. Some thriving institutions are also threatened because of . 49. The phrase “ go under ” in the third paragraph most probably means . 50. Because public institutions will be dominant, diversity becomes . 51. People who are supportive of public higher education realize that .Section B Passage one It's a brand new world — a world built around brands. Hard-charging, noise-making, culture-shaping brands are everywhere. They're on supermarket shelves, of course, but also in business plans for network company startups and in the names of sports complexes. Brands are infiltrating( 渗透 )people's everyday lives — by sticking their logos on clothes, in concert programs, on subway station walls, even in elementary school classrooms . We live in an age in which CBS newscasters wear Nike jackets on the air, in which Burger King and McDonald's open kiosks( 小亭 ) in elementary school lunchrooms. But as brands reach (and then overreach) into every aspects of our lives, the companies behind them invite more questions, deeper scrutiny — and an inevitable backlash by consumers. “ Our intellectual lives and our public spaces are being taken over by marketing — and that has real implications for citizenship, ” says author and activists Naomi Klien. “ It's important for any healthy culture to have public space — a place where people are treated as ========================================第33页 ======================================== citizens instead of as consumers. We've completely lost that space. ” Since the mid-1980s, as more and more companies have shifted from being about products to being about ideas. Starbucks isn't selling coffee; It's selling community! Those companies have poured more and more resources into marketing campaigns. To pay for those campaigns, those same companies figured out ways to cut costs elsewhere, for example, by using contract labor at home and low-wage labor in developing countries. Contract laborers are hired on a temporary, per-assignment basis, and employers have no obligation to provide any benefits (such as health insurance) or long-term job security. This saves companies money but obviously puts workers in vulnerable situations. In the United States, contract labor has given rise to so-called McJobs, which employers and workers alike pretend are temporary — even though these jobs are usually held by adults who are trying to support families.The massive expansion of marketing campaigns in the 1980s coincided with the reduction of government spending for schools and for museums. This made those institutions much too willing, even eager, to partner with private companies. But companies took advantage of the needs of those institutions, reaching too far, and overwhelming the civic space with their marketing agendas. 52. How can brands infiltrate people's daily life? A) By having their logos printed in people' clothes. B) By having their brands reaching in primary schools. C) By finding means to put their products on supermarket shelves. D) By putting relative information of their products on public places. 53. What does “ that ” (Line. 1, Para. 3 ) refer to? A) Our intellectual lives and our public spaces.B) Marketing. C) Citizenship.D) Healthy culture. 54. How can the companies cut their cost according to the passage? A) They dismiss some employees to save money. B) They use temporary labors and cheap labors. C) They refuse to pay for the employees' health insurance. D) They invest money on marketing campaigns. 55. Why do the institutions want to partner with private companies? A) The massive expansion of marketing campaigns has taken place. B) They want to infuse people with marketing ideas. C) They want to be market-oriented institutions. D) Government spending on the institutions is greatly curtailed. 56. What is the author's attitude towards the massive expansion of marketing campaigns? A) Positive. B) Negative. C) Neutral. D) Indifference. Passage Two Basically, there are three types of fatigue: physical, pathological( 由疾病引起的 ), and psychological. As you might suspect, each differs significantly from the others.When you exercise your body you produce waste products. Muscles, for example, discard lactic acid( 乳酸 ) into the blood; cells dump in carbon dioxide. When these wastes reach a certain level in the blood, the brain is notified and your activity level drops. Excess wastes in the muscles may produce soreness. If the blood of a physically fatigued animal is injected into a rested animal, it will produce fatigue. The solution to this type of fatigue is simple-rest. That should revive you; if it doesn't, another cause should be sought.Have you ever become involved in so many activities that you had to be in ========================================第34页 ======================================== two places at once? This is what happens when your body has a disease. The cells are overtaxed and cannot keep up with both fighting the disease and keeping you active. The result is fatigue. Some communicable diseases like the flu and colds are notorious for draining your energy. Other non-communicable diseases, like anemia( 贫血 ), drain you because you are lacking an important body ingredient. Being overweight can cause pathological fatigue. It should be obvious that this type of fatigue is not going to go away without treatment. In a way, pathological fatigue is a lifesaver. It lets you know something is wrong and that you need rest. Even a poor diet can produce pathological fatigue. Frequently, people who go on crash diets develop pathological fatigue, and if the diet is not improved, they may do physical harm to their bodies.Here is the most common type of fatigue. Almost everybody experiences it now and then. Often, the cause is an emotional war you are waging with yourself or those around you. Some of these familiar factors can bring on psychological fatigue: worries, stress, lack of exercise, boredom, depression. If you know someone with psychological fatigue, would you advise him to rest? No way! That might be fine for our other types of fatigue, but for this one, it's deadly. If you are ever going to be able to cope with stress, depression, or worry, you need oxygen in your cells and a more optimistic attitude. Get out of the chair and do something! Believe it or not, many people throw themselves into physical labor like cleaning or carpentry to “ de-fatigue ” themselves. If you find yourself in a particularly stressful situation that you can't physically escape, escape mentally. When fatigue continues, maybe you need to get to the root of the problem. 57. The topic for this passage is . A) the problems of insomniaB) types of fatigue C) the dangers of fatigueD) people's need for rest 58. Physical fatigue is usually caused by . A) too many stimulantsB) excess wastes in the bloodstream C) diseasesD) lack of exercise 59. Which of the following is NOT true in the case of pathological fatigue? A) You are involved in so many activities that you have to be in two places at once. B) Your body has a disease. C) The cells fail to deal with fighting the disease and keeping you alive at the same time. D) The first thing to do is to cure the disease. 60. It can be inferred from the article that . A) every type of fatigue needs medical attention B) pathological fatigue does not last long C) jogging can be used as an escape from psychological problems D) there is no cure for psychological fatigue 61. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A) Sleep is the solution for all types of fatigue. B) Psychologically healthy people do not suffer from fatigue. C) Changing your diet cannot cure psychological fatigue. D) You won't become fatigued if you are doing something you enjoy. Part ? ?? ? Cloze 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 15 min Human sympathy 62 whales is only natural of all the creatures in the sea. 63 are closer relatives to us than these warm-blooded mammals. And how they got into the sea is one of the most fascinating stories of 64. Most authorities believe that 60 million years ago ancestors of modern ========================================第35页 ======================================== whales were four-legged, wolf-size animals living on the sea shores, 65 an abundance of fish and shrimp tempted them to try wading. 66 10 to 15 million years, their bodies grew, forelegs shrank into flippers used for balance and steering and hind legs disappeared. As a result of some amazing transformations, they are now helpless on land. If stranded on a beach, they can barely breathe.With abundant 67 of food, whales grew into the largest creatures that lived, 68 larger than dinosaurs. A blue whale can grow to 100 feet. Its tongue is ten feet thick and heavier than an elephant. Some arteries are big enough for a child to swim 69. The half-ton heart has walls two feet thick and pumps eight tons of blood. 70 its size comes awesome strength. A blue whale swimming 71 15 knots generates 1 000 horsepower. 72 their size, these giants move at a good speed. An 18-ton whale can even 7312 m.p.h., over short distances. A whale can 74 to 9 000 pounds of food a day. The world's biggest creature 75 itself almost entirely on shrimp — like krill smaller than a person's thumb.Maternal instincts are also 76. Because a calf is born underwater, the mother must get it to the surface before it 77. Often another whale will help. The mother pushes it gently 78 the baby is confident with its swimming — usually after about 30 minutes. If the calf is 79, she may support it on her back until it gradually rots away. Like all mammals, whale babies 80 mother's milk. And the milk is more than 30-percent fat, over 10-percent protein, and the babies grow extremely fast. A blue whale calf lengthens 81 two inches a day and gains an average seven pounds per hour. 62. A) with B) to C) for D) in 63. A) None B) Not any C) Nobody D) Nothing 64. A) revolution B) resolution C) solution D) evolution 65. A) what B) where C) which D) when 66. A) For B) Over C) With D) Through 67. A) support B) preparation C) supplies D) supplement 68. A) little B) fairly C) very D) far 69. A) through B) across C) into D) within 70. A) From B) For C) With D) Of 71. A) in B)with C) on D) at 72. A) Despite with B) Despite C) Despite for D) Despite from 73. A) top B) cross C) overcome D) speed 74. A) feed up B) eat up to C) eat up D) feed up to 75.A) provides B) feeds C) supplies D) offers 76. A) fast grown B) much trained C) quite fostered D) highly developed 77. A) drowns B) drowns to death C) drowns to be dead D) drowns itself 78. A) until B) up to C) while D) unless 79. A) born to be dead B) born dead C) born to death D) born died 80. A) feed with B) feed up C) feed on D) feed from 81. A) with B) for C) as D) byPart ? ?? ? Translation 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 标准时间实际用时 5 min 82. The boss would be angry (假如老板发现你经常在办公室打私人长途电话) . 83. The journey took three days (比我们原先所预计的多用了) . 84. Many big cities in the world ( 正面临淡水资源短缺 ). 85. The soldiers (非常疲惫由于没有休息一直向前走) in a blizzard. 86. He doesn't seem to (意识到他们态度的冷淡) towards his appeal. ========================================第36页======================================== 答案 答案 答案 答案: :: : Part ? Writing The 2008 Chinese milk scandal, .The case has brought anger . It's also . Therefore, ; otherwise, .To solve the problems in food safety, measures should . First, . What's more, . Last but not least, . Food Safety ? With the increase of the number of cases related to fake foods and foods of poor quality, problems remain serious in the market. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal, beginning with revelations of contamination of Sanlu milk products, which is not only a hot potato nationwide, but has affected countries on all continents. ? The case has brought anger and resentment at milk producers, and has shown uncertainty and confusion among the population. It's also a timely warning to the public about food safety. Therefore, the need to address the problems is acute; otherwise, we will soon face bigger and bigger crisis. ? To solve the problems in food safety, measures should be taken currently. First, the supervision of food production should be stepped up to reduce the incidence and economic consequences of foodborne diseases. What's more, it is important to drastically increase penalties on those who neglect food safety statutes. Last but not least, consumers should be well educated about the risks presented in food and the handling behaviors that can help minimize those risks. ? The 2008 Chinese milk scandal, beginning with revelations of contamination of Sanlu milk products, which is not only a hot potato nationwide, but has affected countries on all continents. a. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal, a hot potato nationwide, began with revelations of contamination of Sanlu milk products and has affected countries worldwide. b. The 2008 Chinese milk scandal, a hot potato in China currently, involving revelations of contamination of Sanlu milk products, has brought great effect on the whole globe. ? Therefore, the need to address the problems is acute; otherwise, we will soon face bigger and bigger crisis. a. It is urgent to address the problems it caused, or bigger and bigger crisis will be confronted with in the near future. b. Consequently, we need to pay more attention to the problems urgently; otherwise, bigger and bigger crisis is round the corner. Part ? Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) 1. B) 2. A) 3. A) 4. B) 5. A) 6. D) 7. B) 8.a positive attitude9. fit into a team 10. consider your answers Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47. better quality in production 48. to balance its import and export trade ( 49. cost of food 50. anxious to work abroad 51. the improvement of products quality 52. D) 53. A) 54. B) 55. B) 56. D) 57. C) 58. D) 59. D) 60. C) 61. B) 62. B ) 63. D ) 64. C ) 65. A ) 66. A ) 67. D ) 68. C ) 69. B ) 70. A ) 71. C ) 72. B ) 73. A ) 74. D ) 75. D ) 76. C ) 77. A ) 78. C ) 79. C ) 80. B ) 81. D ) 82. congenial to me. 83. Whatever cultural context you are in 84. keeps her house in pretty neatness 85. he doesn't have a chinaman's chance of being promoted. ========================================第37页======================================== 86. the majority are prepared to pay more for eco-friendly products. Part ? Writing Video Game: A Blessing or a Curse ? Today, video games have become more and more popular among the students, especially among college students. It seems that the more they are prohibited from playing the games, the more they are tempted to do so. ? Many students indulge themselves in playing these games, which is harmful to both the individual and the society in many ways. Firstly, they endanger the young people's health. Sitting in front of the computer for hours on end is bad for the players' eyesight. Secondly, they distract the young people's attention from their study. Absorbed in the games, the players often suffer from lack of sleep and thus can not concentrate on their lessons. Thirdly, some young people are especially interested in games with violence, which has a bad influence on their growing-up. ? Therefore, it is time we took effective measures to solve this problem. On the one hand, young people should be fully aware of the danger of video games and do something meaningful to divert their attention from video games. On the other, the society should pay more attention to and seek better solutions to the problem. 1. N) 2. N) 3. Y) 4. Y) 5. N) 6. NG) 7. Y) 8.use that capacity by encouraging creative impulses and then acting upon them 9.different fields 10.capture and act upon Part ? Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) 47. they are low-quality (ones) 48. financial squeeze 49. get into difficulties/troubles 50. a national necessity 51. sustaining private higher education is important 52. D) 53. B) 54. B) 55. D) 56. B) 57. B) 58. B) 59. A) 60. C) 61. C) Part ? Cloze 62. C ) 63. A ) 64. D ) 65. B ) 66. B ) 67. C ) 68. D ) 69. A ) 70. C ) 71. D ) 72. B ) 73. A ) 74. C ) 75. B ) 76. D ) 77. A ) 78. A ) 79. B ) 80. C ) 81. D ) Part ? Translation 82. if he should discover you often make personal long distance calls in the office 83.longer than we had expected 84.are facing the problem of lack of water resource. 85.are very exhausted for they have advanced forward without rest 86.be aware of the coldness of their attitude