《论语》中英文对照版

论语CONFUCIANANALECTS1论语CONFUCIANANALECTS论语CONFUCIANANALECTS2学而第一『⒈１』子曰：“学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？人不知而不愠，不亦君子乎？”TheMastersaid:"Isitnotpleasanttolearnwithaconstantperseveranceandapplication?"Isitnotdelightfultohavefriendscomingfromdistantquarters?"Ishenotamanofcompletevirtue,whofeelsnodiscomposurethoughmenmaytakenonoteofhim?"『⒈２』有子曰：“其为人也孝弟，而好犯上者，鲜矣；不好犯上，而好作乱者，未之有也。君子务本，本立而道生。孝弟也者，其为仁之本与！”ThephilosopherYusaid,"Theyarefewwho,beingfilialandfraternal,arefondofoffendingagainsttheirsuperiors.Therehavebeennone,who,notlikingtooffendagainsttheirsuperiors,havebeenfondofstirringupconfusion."Thesuperiormanbendshisattentiontowhatisradical.Thatbeingestablished,allpracticalcoursesnaturallygrowup.Filialpietyandfraternalsubmission,-aretheynottherootofallbenevolentactions?"『⒈３』子曰：“巧言令色，鲜矣仁！”TheMastersaid,"Finewordsandaninsinuatingappearanceareseldomassociatedwithtruevirtue."『⒈４』曾子曰：“吾日三省吾身——为人谋而不忠乎？于朋友交而不信乎？传不习乎？”ThephilosopherTsangsaid,"Idailyexaminemyselfonthreepoints:-whether,intransactingbusinessforothers,Imayhavebeennotfaithful;-whether,inintercoursewithfriends,Imayhavebeennotsincere;-whetherImayhavenotmasteredandpracticedtheinstructionsofmyteacher."『⒈５』子曰：“道千乘之国，敬事而信，节用而爱人，使民以时。”TheMastersaid,"Toruleacountryofathousandchariots,theremustbereverentattentiontobusiness,andsincerity;economyinexpenditure,andloveformen;andtheemploymentofthepeopleattheproperseasons."『⒈６』子曰：“弟子，入则孝，出则弟，谨而信，凡爱众，而亲仁。行有余力，则以学文。”TheMastersaid,"Ayouth,whenathome,shouldbefilial,and,abroad,respectfultohiselders.Heshouldbeearnestandtruthful.Heshouldoverflowinlovetoall,andcultivatethefriendshipofthegood.Whenhehastimeandopportunity,aftertheperformanceofthesethings,heshouldemploytheminpolitestudies."『⒈７』子夏曰：“贤贤易色；事父母，能竭其力；事君，能致其身；于朋友交，言而有信。虽曰未学，吾必谓之学矣。”论语CONFUCIANANALECTS3Tsze-hsiasaid,"Ifamanwithdrawshismindfromtheloveofbeauty,andappliesitassincerelytotheloveofthevirtuous;if,inservinghisparents,hecanexerthisutmoststrength;if,inservinghisprince,hecandevotehislife;if,inhisintercoursewithhisfriends,hiswordsaresincere:-althoughmensaythathehasnotlearned,Iwillcertainlysaythathehas.『⒈８』子曰：“君子不重，则不威；学则不固。主忠信。无友不如己者。过，则勿惮改。”TheMastersaid,"Ifthescholarbenotgrave,hewillnotcallforthanyveneration,andhislearningwillnotbesolid."Holdfaithfulnessandsincerityasfirstprinciples."Havenofriendsnotequaltoyourself."Whenyouhavefaults,donotfeartoabandonthem."『⒈９』曾子曰：“慎终，追远，民德归厚矣。”ThephilosopherTsangsaid,"Lettherebeacarefulattentiontoperformthefuneralritestoparents,andletthembefollowedwhenlonggonewiththeceremoniesofsacrifice;-thenthevirtueofthepeoplewillresumeitsproperexcellence."『⒈１０』子禽问於子贡曰：“夫子至於是邦也，必闻其政，求之与？抑与之与？子贡曰：“夫子温、良、恭、俭、让以得之。夫子之求之也，其诸异乎人之求之与？”Tsze-ch'inaskedTsze-kungsaying,"Whenourmastercomestoanycountry,hedoesnotfailtolearnallaboutitsgovernment.Doesheaskhisinformation?orisitgiventohim?"Tsze-kungsaid,"Ourmasterisbenign,upright,courteous,temperate,andcomplaisantandthushegetshisinformation.Themaster'smodeofaskinginformation,-isitnotdifferentfromthatofothermen?"『⒈１１』子曰：“父在，观其志；父没，观其行；三年无改於父之道，可谓孝矣。”TheMastersaid,"Whileaman'sfatherisalive,lookatthebentofhiswill;whenhisfatherisdead,lookathisconduct.Ifforthreeyearshedoesnotalterfromthewayofhisfather,hemaybecalledfilial."『⒈１２』有子曰：“礼之用，和为贵。先王之道，斯为美；小大由之。有所不行，知和而和，不以礼节之，亦不可行也。”ThephilosopherYusaid,"Inpracticingtherulesofpropriety,anaturaleaseistobeprized.Inthewaysprescribedbytheancientkings,thisistheexcellentquality,andinthingssmallandgreatwefollowthem."Yetitisnottobeobservedinallcases.Ifone,knowinghowsucheaseshouldbeprized,manifestsit,withoutregulatingitbytherulesofpropriety,thislikewiseisnottobedone."『⒈１３』有子曰：“信近於义，言可复也。恭近於礼，远耻辱也。因不失其亲，亦可宗也。”ThephilosopherYusaid,"Whenagreementsaremadeaccordingtowhatisright,whatisspokencanbemadegood.Whenrespectisshownaccordingtowhatisproper,onekeepsfarfromshameanddisgrace.Whenthepartiesuponwhomaman论语CONFUCIANANALECTS4leansareproperpersonstobeintimatewith,hecanmakethemhisguidesandmasters."『⒈１４』子曰：“君子食无求饱，居无求安，敏於事而慎於言，就有道而正焉，可谓好学也已。”TheMastersaid,"Hewhoaimstobeamanofcompletevirtueinhisfooddoesnotseektogratifyhisappetite,norinhisdwellingplacedoesheseektheappliancesofease;heisearnestinwhatheisdoing,andcarefulinhisspeech;hefrequentsthecompanyofmenofprinciplethathemayberectified:-suchapersonmaybesaidindeedtolovetolearn."『⒈１５』子贡曰：“贫而无谄，富而无骄，何如？”子曰：“可也；未若贫而乐，富而好礼者也。”子贡曰：“诗云：‘如切如磋，如琢如磨’，其斯之谓与？”子曰：“赐也，始可与言诗已矣，告诸往而知来者。”Tsze-kungsaid,"Whatdoyoupronounceconcerningthepoormanwhoyetdoesnotflatter,andtherichmanwhoisnotproud?"TheMasterreplied,"Theywilldo;buttheyarenotequaltohim,who,thoughpoor,isyetcheerful,andtohim,who,thoughrich,lovestherulesofpropriety."Tsze-kungreplied,"ItissaidintheBookofPoetry,'Asyoucutandthenfile,asyoucarveandthenpolish.'-Themeaningisthesame,Iapprehend,asthatwhichyouhavejustexpressed."TheMastersaid,"WithonelikeTs'ze,Icanbegintotalkabouttheodes.Itoldhimonepoint,andheknewitspropersequence."『⒈１６』子曰：“不患人之不己之，患不知人也。”TheMastersaid,"Iwillnotbeafflictedatmen'snotknowingme;IwillbeafflictedthatIdonotknowmen."为政第二『⒉１』子曰：“为政以德，誓如北辰居其所而众星共之。”TheMastersaid,"Hewhoexercisesgovernmentbymeansofhisvirtuemaybecomparedtothenorthpolarstar,whichkeepsitsplaceandallthestarsturntowardsit."『⒉２』子曰：“诗三百，一言以蔽之，曰：‘思无邪’。”TheMastersaid,"IntheBookofPoetryarethreehundredpieces,butthedesignofthemallmaybeembracedinonesentence'Havingnodepravedthoughts.'"『⒉３』子曰：“道之以政，齐之以刑，民免而无耻；道之以德，齐之以礼，有耻且格。”TheMastersaid,"Ifthepeoplebeledbylaws,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembypunishments,theywilltrytoavoidthepunishment,buthavenosense论语CONFUCIANANALECTS5ofshame."Iftheybeledbyvirtue,anduniformitysoughttobegiventhembytherulesofpropriety,theywillhavethesenseofshame,andmoreoverwillbecomegood."『⒉４』子曰：“吾十有五而志于学，三十而立，四十而不惑，五十而知天命，六十而耳顺，七十而从心所欲，不逾矩。”TheMastersaid,"Atfifteen,Ihadmymindbentonlearning."Atthirty,Istoodfirm."Atforty,Ihadnodoubts."Atfifty,IknewthedecreesofHeaven."Atsixty,myearwasanobedientorganforthereceptionoftruth."Atseventy,Icouldfollowwhatmyheartdesired,withouttransgressingwhatwasright."『⒉５』孟懿子问孝。子曰：“无违。”樊迟御，子告之曰：“孟孙问孝於我，我对曰，无违”樊迟曰：“何谓也？”子曰：“生，事之以礼；死，葬之以礼，祭之以礼。”MangIaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Itisnotbeingdisobedient."Soonafter,asFanCh'ihwasdrivinghim,theMastertoldhim,saying,"Mang-sunaskedmewhatfilialpietywas,andIansweredhim,-'notbeingdisobedient.'"FanCh'ihsaid,"Whatdidyoumean?"TheMasterreplied,"Thatparents,whenalive,beservedaccordingtopropriety;that,whendead,theyshouldbeburiedaccordingtopropriety;andthattheyshouldbesacrificedtoaccordingtopropriety."『⒉６』孟武伯问孝。子曰：“父母唯其疾之忧。”MangWuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Parentsareanxiouslesttheirchildrenshouldbesick."『⒉７』子游问孝。子曰：“今之孝者，是谓能养。至於犬马，皆能有养；不敬，何以别乎。”Tsze-yuaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Thefilialpietynowadaysmeansthesupportofone'sparents.Butdogsandhorseslikewiseareabletodosomethinginthewayofsupport;-withoutreverence,whatistheretodistinguishtheonesupportgivenfromtheother?"『⒉８』子夏问孝。子曰：“色难。有事，弟子服其劳；有酒食，先生馔，曾是以为孝乎？”Tsze-hsiaaskedwhatfilialpietywas.TheMastersaid,"Thedifficultyiswiththecountenance.If,whentheireldershaveanytroublesomeaffairs,theyoungtakethetoilofthem,andif,whentheyounghavewineandfood,theysetthembeforetheirelders,isTHIStobeconsideredfilialpiety?"『⒉９』子曰：“吾与回言终日，不违，如愚。退儿省其私，亦足以发，回也不愚。”TheMastersaid,"IhavetalkedwithHuiforawholeday,andhehasnotmadeanyobjectiontoanythingIsaid;-asifhewerestupid.Hehasretired,andIhaveexaminedhisconductwhenawayfromme,andfoundhimabletoillustratemyteachings.Hui!-Heisnotstupid."论语CONFUCIANANALECTS6『⒉１０』子曰：“视其所以，观其所由，察其所安。人焉叟哉？人焉叟哉？”TheMastersaid,"Seewhatamandoes."Markhismotives."Examineinwhatthingsherests."Howcanamanconcealhischaracter?Howcanamanconcealhischaracter?"『⒉１１』子曰：“温故而知新，可以为师矣。”TheMastersaid,"Ifamankeepscherishinghisoldknowledge,soascontinuallytobeacquiringnew,hemaybeateacherofothers."『⒉１２』子曰：“君子不器。”TheMastersaid,"Theaccomplishedscholarisnotautensil."『⒉１３』子贡问君子。子曰：“先行其言而后从之。”Tsze-kungaskedwhatconstitutedthesuperiorman.TheMastersaid,"Heactsbeforehespeaks,andafterwardsspeaksaccordingtohisactions."『⒉１４』子曰：“君子周而不比，小人比而不周。”TheMastersaid,"Thesuperiormaniscatholicandnotpartisan.Themeanmanispartisanandnotcatholic."『⒉１５』子曰：“学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。”TheMastersaid,"Learningwithoutthoughtislaborlost;thoughtwithoutlearningisperilous."『⒉１６』子曰：“攻乎异端，斯害也己。”TheMastersaid,"Thestudyofstrangedoctrinesisinjuriousindeed!"『⒉１７』子曰：“由！诲女知之乎！知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。”TheMastersaid,"Yu,shallIteachyouwhatknowledgeis?Whenyouknowathing,toholdthatyouknowit;andwhenyoudonotknowathing,toallowthatyoudonotknowit;-thisisknowledge."『⒉１８』子张学干禄。子曰：“多闻阙疑，慎言其余，则寡尤。多见阙殆，慎行其余，则寡悔。言寡尤，行寡悔，禄在其中矣。”Tsze-changwaslearningwithaviewtoofficialemolument.TheMastersaid,"Hearmuchandputasidethepointsofwhichyoustandindoubt,whileyouspeakcautiouslyatthesametimeoftheothers:-thenyouwillaffordfewoccasionsforblame.Seemuchandputasidethethingswhichseemperilous,whileyouarecautiousatthesametimeincarryingtheothersintopractice:thenyouwillhavefewoccasionsforrepentance.Whenonegivesfewoccasionsforblameinhiswords,andfewoccasionsforrepentanceinhisconduct,heisinthewaytogetemolument."论语CONFUCIANANALECTS7『⒉１９』哀公闻曰：“何为则民服？”孔子对曰：“举直错诸枉，则民服；举枉错诸直，则民不服。”TheDukeAiasked,saying,"Whatshouldbedoneinordertosecurethesubmissionofthepeople?"Confuciusreplied,"Advancetheuprightandsetasidethecrooked,thenthepeoplewillsubmit.Advancethecrookedandsetasidetheupright,thenthepeoplewillnotsubmit."『⒉２０』季康子问：“使民敬、忠以勤，如之何？”子曰：“临之以庄，则敬；孝慈，则忠；举善而教不能，则勤。”ChiK'angaskedhowtocausethepeopletoreverencetheirruler,tobefaithfultohim,andtogoontonervethemselvestovirtue.TheMastersaid,"Lethimpresideoverthemwithgravity;-thentheywillreverencehim.Lethimbefinalandkindtoall;-thentheywillbefaithfultohim.Lethimadvancethegoodandteachtheincompetent;-thentheywilleagerlyseektobevirtuous."『⒉２１』或谓孔子曰：“子奚不为政？”子曰：“书云：‘孝乎惟孝，友于兄弟，施於有政。’是亦为政，奚其为为政？”SomeoneaddressedConfucius,saying,"Sir,whyareyounotengagedinthegovernment?"TheMastersaid,"WhatdoestheShu-chingsayoffilialpiety?-'Youarefinal,youdischargeyourbrotherlyduties.Thesequalitiesaredisplayedingovernment.'Thisthenalsoconstitutestheexerciseofgovernment.WhymusttherebeTHAT-makingonebeinthegovernment?"『⒉２２』子曰：“人而无信，不知其可也。大车无（车儿），小车无（ｙｕｅ４），其何以行之哉？”TheMastersaid,"Idonotknowhowamanwithouttruthfulnessistogeton.Howcanalargecarriagebemadetogowithoutthecrossbarforyokingtheoxento,orasmallcarriagewithoutthearrangementforyokingthehorses?"『⒉２３』子张问：“十世可知也？”子曰：“殷因於夏礼，所损益，可知也；周因於殷礼，所损益，可知也。其或继周者，虽百世，可知也。”Tsze-changaskedwhethertheaffairsoftenagesaftercouldbeknown.Confuciussaid,"TheYindynastyfollowedtheregulationsoftheHsia:whereinittookfromoraddedtothemmaybeknown.TheChaudynastyhasfollowedtheregulationsofYin:whereinittookfromoraddedtothemmaybeknown.SomeothermayfollowtheChau,butthoughitshouldbeatthedistanceofahundredages,itsaffairsmaybeknown."『⒉２４』子曰：“非其鬼而祭之，谄也。见义不为，无勇也。”TheMastersaid,"Foramantosacrificetoaspiritwhichdoesnotbelongtohimisflattery."Toseewhatisrightandnottodoitiswantofcourage."八佾第三论语CONFUCIANANALECTS8『⒊１』孔子谓季氏，“八佾舞於庭，是可忍也，孰不可忍也？”ConfuciussaidoftheheadoftheChifamily,whohadeightrowsofpantomimesinhisarea,"Ifhecanbeartodothis,whatmayhenotbeartodo?"『⒊２』三家者以雍彻。子曰：“‘相维辟公，天子穆穆’，奚取於三家之堂？”ThethreefamiliesusedtheYungode,whilethevesselswerebeingremoved,attheconclusionofthesacrifice.TheMastersaid,"'Assistingaretheprinces;-thesonofheavenlooksprofoundandgrave';-whatapplicationcanthesewordshaveinthehallofthethreefamilies?"『⒊３』子曰：“人而不仁，如礼何？”人而不仁，如乐何？”TheMastersaid,"Ifamanbewithoutthevirtuespropertohumanity,whathashetodowiththeritesofpropriety?Ifamanbewithoutthevirtuespropertohumanity,whathashetodowithmusic?"『⒊４』林放问礼之本。子曰：“大哉问！礼，与齐奢也，宁俭；丧，与齐易也，宁戚。”LinFangaskedwhatwasthefirstthingtobeattendedtoinceremonies.TheMastersaid,"Agreatquestionindeed!"Infestiveceremonies,itisbettertobesparingthanextravagant.Intheceremoniesofmourning,itisbetterthattherebedeepsorrowthaninminuteattentiontoobservances."『⒊５』子曰：“夷狄之有君，不如诸夏之亡也。”TheMastersaid,"Therudetribesoftheeastandnorthhavetheirprinces,andarenotliketheStatesofourgreatlandwhicharewithoutthem."『⒊６』季氏旅於泰山。子谓冉有曰：“女弗能救与？”对曰：“不能。”子曰：“呜呼！曾谓泰山不如林放乎？”ThechiefoftheChifamilywasabouttosacrificetotheT'aimountain.TheMastersaidtoZanYu,"Canyounotsavehimfromthis?"Heanswered,"Icannot."Confuciussaid,"Alas!willyousaythattheT'aimountainisnotsodiscerningasLinFang?"『⒊７』子曰：“君子无所争。必也射乎！揖让而升，下而饮。其争也君子。”TheMastersaid,"Thestudentofvirtuehasnocontentions.Ifitbesaidhecannotavoidthem,shallthisbeinarchery?Buthebowscomplaisantlytohiscompetitors;thusheascendsthehall,descends,andexactstheforfeitofdrinking.Inhiscontention,heisstilltheChun-tsze."『⒊８』子夏问曰：“巧笑倩兮，美目盼兮，素以为绚兮。何为也？”子曰：“绘事后素。”曰：“礼后乎？”子曰：“起予者商也！始可与言诗矣。”Tsze-hsiaasked,saying,"Whatisthemeaningofthepassage-'Theprettydimplesofherartfulsmile!Thewell-definedblackandwhiteofhereye!Theplain论语CONFUCIANANALECTS9groundforthecolors?'"TheMastersaid,"Thebusinessoflayingonthecolorsfollowsthepreparationoftheplainground.""Ceremoniesthenareasubsequentthing?"TheMastersaid,"ItisShangwhocanbringoutmymeaning.NowIcanbegintotalkabouttheodeswithhim."『⒊９』子曰：“夏礼，吾能言之，杞不足征也；殷礼，吾能言之，宋不足征也。文献不足故也。足，则吾能征之矣。”TheMastersaid,"IcoulddescribetheceremoniesoftheHsiadynasty,butChicannotsufficientlyattestmywords.IcoulddescribetheceremoniesoftheYindynasty,butSungcannotsufficientlyattestmywords.Theycannotdosobecauseoftheinsufficiencyoftheirrecordsandwisemen.Ifthoseweresufficient,Icouldadducetheminsupportofmywords."『⒊１０』子曰：“（衣帝）自既灌而往者，吾不欲观之矣。”TheMastersaid,"Atthegreatsacrifice,afterthepouringoutofthelibation,Ihavenowishtolookon."『⒊１１』或问（衣帝）之说。子曰：“不知也；知其说者之於天下也，其如示诸斯乎！”指其掌。Someoneaskedthemeaningofthegreatsacrifice.TheMastersaid,"Idonotknow.Hewhoknewitsmeaningwouldfinditaseasytogovernthekingdomastolookonthis"-pointingtohispalm.『⒊１２』祭如在，祭神如神在。子曰：“吾不与祭，如不祭。”Hesacrificedtothedead,asiftheywerepresent.Hesacrificedtothespirits,asifthespiritswerepresent.TheMastersaid,"Iconsidermynotbeingpresentatthesacrifice,asifIdidnotsacrifice."『⒊１３』王孙贾问曰：“与其媚於奥，宁媚於龟，何谓也？”子曰：“不然；获罪於天，吾所寿也。”Wang-sunChiaasked,saying,"Whatisthemeaningofthesaying,'Itisbettertopaycourttothefurnacethentothesouthwestcorner?'"TheMastersaid,"Notso.HewhooffendsagainstHeavenhasnonetowhomhecanpray."『⒊１４』子曰：“周监於二代，郁郁乎文哉！吾从周。”TheMastersaid,"Chauhadtheadvantageofviewingthetwopastdynasties.Howcompleteandelegantareitsregulations!IfollowChau."『⒊１５』子入太庙，每事问。或曰：“孰谓鄹人之子知礼乎？入太庙，每事问。”子闻之，曰：“是礼也。”TheMaster,whenheenteredthegrandtemple,askedabouteverything.Someonesaid,"WhosaythatthesonofthemanofTsauknowstherulesofpropriety!Hehasenteredthegrandtempleandasksabouteverything."TheMasterheardthe论语CONFUCIANANALECTS10remark,andsaid,"Thisisaruleofpropriety."『⒊１６』子曰：“射不主皮，为力不同科，古之道也。”TheMastersaid,"Inarcheryitisnotgoingthroughtheleatherwhichistheprincipalthing;-becausepeople'sstrengthisnotequal.Thiswastheoldway."『⒊１７』子贡欲去告之饩羊。子曰：“赐也！尔爱其羊，我爱其礼。”Tsze-kungwishedtodoawaywiththeofferingofasheepconnectedwiththeinaugurationofthefirstdayofeachmonth.TheMastersaid,"Ts'ze,youlovethesheep;Ilovetheceremony."『⒊１８』子曰：“事君尽礼，人以为谄也。”TheMastersaid,"Thefullobservanceoftherulesofproprietyinservingone'sprinceisaccountedbypeopletobeflattery."『⒊１９』定公问：“君使臣，臣事君，如之何？”孔子曰：“君使臣以礼，臣事君以忠。”TheDukeTingaskedhowaprinceshouldemployhisministers,andhowministersshouldservetheirprince.Confuciusreplied,"Aprinceshouldemployhisministeraccordingtoaccordingtotherulesofpropriety;ministersshouldservetheirprincewithfaithfulness."『⒊２０』子曰：“关雎，乐而不淫，哀而不伤。”TheMastersaid,"TheKwanTsuisexpressiveofenjoymentwithoutbeinglicentious,andofgriefwithoutbeinghurtfullyexcessive."『⒊２１』哀公问社於宰我。宰我对曰：“夏后氏以松，殷人以柏，周人以栗，曰，使民战栗。”子闻之，曰：“成事不说，遂事不谏，既往不咎。”TheDukeAiaskedTsaiWoaboutthealtarsofthespiritsoftheland.TsaiWoreplied,"TheHsiasovereignplantedthepinetreeaboutthem;themenoftheYinplantedthecypress;andthemenoftheChauplantedthechestnuttree,meaningtherebytocausethepeopletobeinawe."WhentheMasterheardit,hesaid,"Thingsthataredone,itisneedlesstospeakabout;thingsthathavehadtheircourse,itisneedlesstoremonstrateabout;thingsthatarepast,itisneedlesstoblame."『⒊２２』子曰：“管仲之器小哉。”或曰：“管仲俭乎？”曰：“管氏有三归，官事不摄，焉得俭？”“然则管仲知礼乎？”曰：“邦君树塞门，管氏亦树塞门。邦君为两君之好，有反坫，管氏亦有反坫。管氏而知礼，孰不知礼？”『⒊２３』子语鲁大师乐，曰：“乐其可知也：始作，翕如也；从之，纯如也，缴如也，绎如也，以成。”TheMastersaid,"SmallindeedwasthecapacityofKwanChung!"Someonesaid,"WasKwanChungparsimonious?""Kwan,"wasthereply,"hadtheSanKwei,andhisofficersperformednodoubleduties;howcanhebeconsideredparsimonious?"论语CONFUCIANANALECTS11"Then,didKwanChungknowtherulesofpropriety?"TheMastersaid,"TheprincesofStateshaveascreeninterceptingtheviewattheirgates.Kwanhadlikewiseascreenathisgate.TheprincesofStatesonanyfriendlymeetingbetweentwoofthem,hadastandonwhichtoplacetheirinvertedcups.Kwanhadalsosuchastand.IfKwanknewtherulesofpropriety,whodoesnotknowthem?"TheMasterinstructingthegrandmusicmasterofLusaid,"Howtoplaymusicmaybeknown.Atthecommencementofthepiece,allthepartsshouldsoundtogether.Asitproceeds,theyshouldbeinharmonywhileseverallydistinctandflowingwithoutbreak,andthusontotheconclusion."『⒊２４』仪封人请见，曰：“君子之至於斯也，吾未尝不得见也。”从者见之。出曰：“二三子何患於丧乎？天下之无道也久矣，天将以夫子为木铎。”TheborderwardenatYirequestedtobeintroducedtotheMaster,saying,"Whenmenofsuperiorvirtuehavecometothis,Ihaveneverbeendeniedtheprivilegeofseeingthem."Thefollowersofthesageintroducedhim,andwhenhecameoutfromtheinterview,hesaid,"Myfriends,whyareyoudistressedbyyourmaster'slossofoffice?Thekingdomhaslongbeenwithouttheprinciplesoftruthandright;Heavenisgoingtouseyourmasterasabellwithitswoodentongue."『⒊２５』子谓韶，“尽美矣，又尽善也。”谓武，“尽美矣，未尽善也。”TheMastersaidoftheShaothatitwasperfectlybeautifulandalsoperfectlygood.HesaidoftheWuthatitwasperfectlybeautifulbutnotperfectlygood.『⒊２６』子曰：“居上不宽，为礼不敬，临丧不哀，吾何以观之哉？”TheMastersaid,"Highstationfilledwithoutindulgentgenerosity;ceremoniesperformedwithoutreverence;mourningconductedwithoutsorrow;-wherewithshouldIcontemplatesuchways?"里仁第四『⒋１』子曰：“里仁为美。择不处仁，焉得知？”TheMastersaid,"Itisvirtuousmannerswhichconstitutetheexcellenceofaneighborhood.Ifamaninselectingaresidencedonotfixononewheresuchprevail,howcanhebewise?"『⒋２』子曰：“不仁者不可以久处约，不可以长处乐。仁者安仁，知者利仁。”TheMastersaid,"Thosewhoarewithoutvirtuecannotabidelongeitherinaconditionofpovertyandhardship,orinaconditionofenjoyment.Thevirtuousrestinvirtue;thewisedesirevirtue."『⒋３』子曰：“唯仁者能好人，能恶