美国材料试验协会ASTM487A487M–93(Reapproved2003)

Designation:A487/A487M–93(Reapproved2003)StandardSpecificationforSteelCastingsSuitableforPressureService1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA487/A487M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thisspecification2coverslow-alloysteelsandmarten-siticstainlesssteelsinthenormalizedandtempered,orquenchedandtempered,conditionsuitableforpressure-containingparts.Theweldabilityoftheclassesinthisspeci-ficationvariesfromreadilyweldabletoweldableonlywithadequateprecautions,andtheweldabilityofeachclassshouldbeconsideredpriortoassemblybyfusionwelding.1.2Selectionwilldependondesign,mechanical,andser-viceconditions.Usersshouldnotethathardenabilityofsomeofthegradesmentionedmayrestrictthemaximumsizeatwhichtherequiredmechanicalpropertiesareobtained.1.3Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunitsareshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenotexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththespecifi-cation.Inch-poundunitsareapplicableformaterialorderedtoSpecificationA487andSIunitsformaterialorderedtoSpecificationA487M.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:A370TestMethodsandDefinitionsforMechanicalTestingofSteelProducts3A488/A488MPracticeforSteelCastings,Welding,Quali-ficationsofProceduresandPersonnel4A703/A703MSpecificationforSteelCastings,GeneralRequirements,forPressure-ContainingParts4E165TestMethodforLiquidPenetrantExamination5E709GuideforMagneticParticleExamination52.2AmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers:ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX62.3ManufacturersStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittingsIndustryStandards:7SP-55QualityStandardforSteelCastings-VisualMethod3.GeneralConditionsforDelivery3.1MaterialfurnishedtothisspecificationshallconformtotherequirementsofSpecificationA703/A703Mincludinganysupplementaryrequirementsthatareindicatedinthepurchaseorder.FailuretocomplywiththegeneralrequirementsofSpecificationA703/A703Mconstitutesnonconformancewiththisspecification.IncaseofconflictbetweentherequirementsofthisspecificationandSpecificationA703/A703M,thisspecificationshallprevail.4.OrderingInformation4.1Theinquiryandordershouldincludeorindicatethefollowing:4.1.1Adescriptionofthecastingbypatternnumberordrawing(dimensionaltolerancesshallbeincludedonthecastingdrawing),4.1.2ASTMdesignationandyearofissue,4.1.3Gradeandclassofsteel,4.1.4Optionsinthespecification,and4.1.5Thesupplementaryrequirementsdesiredincludingthestandardofacceptance.5.HeatTreatment5.1AllcastingsshallreceiveaheattreatmentindicatedinTable1.Preliminaryheattreatmentpriortofinalheattreatmentaswellasmultipletemperingispermitted.5.2Heattreatmentshallbeperformedafterthecastingshavebeenallowedtocoolbelowthetransformationrange.5.3Thefurnacetemperatureforheattreatingshallbeeffectivelycontrolledbyuseofrecording-typepyrometers.6.ChemicalComposition6.1ThesteelshallconformtotherequirementsastochemicalcompositionprescribedinTable2.Productanalysis1ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteel,andRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.18onCastings.CurrenteditionapprovedApril10,2003.PublishedApril2003.Originallyapprovedin1963.Lastpreviouseditionapprovedin1998asA487/A487M–93(1998).2ForASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCodeapplicationsseerelatedSpecifi-cationsSA-487inSectionIIofthatcode.3AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.03.4AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.02.5AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol03.03.6AvailablefromAmericanSocietyofMechanicalEngineers,ThreeParkAve.,NewYork,NY10016.7AvailablefromManufacturer’sStandardizationSocietyoftheValveandFittingsIndustry,127ParkSt.,N.E.Vienna,VA22180.1Copyright©ASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.toleranceshallconformtotheproductanalysistoleranceshowninSpecificationA703/A703M.Productanalysistoler-ancesforstainlessgradesarenotpresentlyapplicablependingdevelopmentoftheselimits.7.TensileRequirements7.1TensilepropertiesofsteelusedforthecastingsshallconformtotherequirementsprescribedinTable3.8.Quality8.1Thesurfaceofthecastingshallbefreeofadheringsand,scale,cracks,andhottearsasdeterminedbyvisualexamina-tion.Othersurfacediscontinuitiesshallmeetthevisualaccep-tancestandardsspecifiedintheorder.VisualMethodSP-55orothervisualstandardsmaybeusedtodefineacceptablesurfacediscontinuitiesandfinish.Unacceptablevisualsurfacediscon-tinuitiesshallberemovedandtheirremovalverifiedbyvisualexaminationoftheresultantcavities.Whenmethodsinvolvinghightemperaturesareusedintheremovalandrepairofdiscontinuities,thecastingshallbepreheatedtoatleasttheminimumtemperatureinTable4.8.2Thecastingsshallnotbepeened,plugged,orimpreg-natedtostopleaks.9.RepairByWelding9.1Forcastings,otherthanthoseintendedforuseunderASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,repairsshallbemadeusingproceduresandweldersqualifiedunderPracticeA488/A488M.9.2OncastingsintendedforuseundertheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,repairsshallbemadebyproceduresandweldersqualifiedunderSectionIXofthatcode.TABLE1HeatTreatRequirementGradeClassAustenitizingTemperature,min,°F[°C]MediaAQuenchingCoolBelow°F[°C]TemperingTemperature,°F[°C]B1A1600[870]A450[230]1100[595]1B1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]1C1600[870]AorL500[260]1150[620]2A1600[870]A450[230]1100[595]2B1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]2C1600[870]AorL500[260]1150[620]4A1600[870]AorL500[260]1100[595]4B1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]4C1600[870]AorL500[260]1150[620]4D1600[870]L500[260]1150[620]4E1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]6A1550[845]A500[260]1100[595]6B1550[845]L500[260]1100[595]7A1650[900]L600[315]1100[595]8A1750[955]A500[260]1250[675]8B1750[955]L500[260]1250[675]8C1750[955]L500[260]1250[675]9A1600[870]AorL500[260]1100[595]9B1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]9C1600[870]AorL500[260]1150[620]9D1600[870]L500[260]1150[620]9E1600[870]L500[260]1100[595]10A1550[845]A500[260]1100[595]10B1550[845]L500[260]1100[595]11A1650[900]A600[315]1100[595]11B1650[900]L600[315]1100[595]12A1750[955]A600[315]1100[595]12B1750[955]L400[205]1100[595]13A1550[845]A500[260]1100[595]13B1550[845]L500[260]1100[595]14A1550[845]L500[260]1100[595]16(J31200)A1600[870]CA600[315]1100[595]CA15A1750[955]AorL400[205]900[480]CA15B1750[955]AorL400[205]1100[595]CA15C1750[955]AorL400[205]1150[620]DECA15D1750[955]AorL400[205]1150[260]DECA15MA1750[955]AorL400[205]1100[595]CA6NMA1850[1010]AorL200[95]1050–1150[565–620]CA6NMB1850[1010]AorL200[95]1225–1275[665–690]E,F1050–1150[565–620]GAA=air,L=Liquid.BMinimumtemperatureunlessrangeisspecified.CDoubleaustenitize.DDoubletemperwiththefinaltemperatalowertemperaturethantheintermediatetemper.EAircooltobelow200°F[95°C]afterfirsttemper.FIntermediate.GFinal.A487/A487M–93(2003)29.3Afterrepairwelding,allcastingsshallbepostweldheattreatedinaccordancewithTable4orreheattreatedinaccordancewithTable1.9.4Weldrepairsshallbeinspectedusingthesamequalitystandardsasareusedtoinspectthecastings.Re–examinationoftheweldrepairbyradiographywhenSupplementaryRe-quirementS5hasbeenspecifiedwillnotbenecessarywhenanapplicablesurfaceinspectionmethodwasusedtolocatethediscontinuityexceptforthefollowing:9.4.1Weldrepairsoncastingswhichhaveleakedonhydro-statictest.9.4.2Weldrepairsoncastingsinwhichthedepthofanycavitypreparedforrepairweldingismorethan20%ofthewallthicknessor1in.[25mm],whicheverissmaller.TABLE2ChemicalRequirements(MaximumPercentUnlessRangeisGiven)Grade1.2.4.6.7.8.9.10.11.12.ClassTypeABCVanadiumABCManganese-Molyb-denumABCDENickel-Chromium-MolybdenumABManganeseNickel-Chromium-MolybdenumANickel-Chromium-Molybdenum-VanadiumAABCChromium-Molyb-denumABCDEChromium-Molyb-denumABNickel-Chromium-Molybde-numABNickel-Chromium-MolybdenumABNickel-Chromium-MolybdenumCarbon0.300.300.300.05–0.380.05–0.200.05–0.200.05–0.330.300.05–0.200.05–0.20Manganese1.001.00–1.401.001.30–1.700.60–1.000.50–0.900.60–1.000.60to1.000.50–0.800.40–0.70Phosphorus0.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.040.04Sulfur0.0450.0450.0450.0450.0450.0450.0450.0450.0450.045Silicon0.800.800.800.800.800.800.800.800.600.60Nickel......0.40–0.800.40–0.800.70–1.00......1.40–2.000.70–1.100.60–1.00Chromium......0.40–0.800.40–0.800.40–0.802.00–2.750.75–1.100.55–0.900.50–0.800.50–0.90Molybdenum...0.10–0.300.15–0.300.30–0.400.40–0.600.90–1.100.15–0.300.20–0.400.45–0.650.90–1.20Vanadium0.04–0.12.........0.03–0.10...............Boron............0.002–0.006...............Copper............0.15–0.50...............ResidualElements:Copper0.500.500.500.500.500.500.500.500.500.50Nickel0.500.50............0.50.........Chromium0.350.35........................Mo+W0.25...........................Tungsten...0.100.100.100.100.100.100.100.100.10Vanadium...0.030.030.03...0.030.030.030.030.03Totalcontentofresidualelements1.001.000.600.600.600.601.000.600.500.50Grade13.14.16CA15CA15MCA6NMClassTypeABNickel-MolybdenumANickel-MolybdenumALowCarbonManganese-Nickel(J31200)ABCDMartensiticChromiumAMartensiticChromiumABMartensiticChromiumNickelCarbon0.300.550.12B0.150.150.06Manganese0.80–1.100.80–1.102.10B1.001.001.00Phosphorus0.040.040.020.0400.0400.04Sulfur0.0450.0450.020.0400.0400.03Silicon0.600.600.501.500.651.00Nickel1.40–1.751.40–1.751.00–1.401.001.03.5–4.5Chromium.........11.5–14.011.5–14.011.5–14.0Molybdenum0.20–0.300.20–0.30...0.500.15–1.00.4–1.0Boron..................Copper..................ResidualElementsCopper0.500.500.200.500.500.50Nickel..................Chromium0.400.400.20.........Molybdenum......0.10.........Tungsten0.100.100.100.100.100.10Vanadium0.030.030.020.050.050.05Totalcontentofresidualelements0.750.750.500.500.500.50AProprietarysteelcomposition.BForeachreductionof0.01%belowthespecifiedmaximumcarboncontent,anincreaseof0.04%manganeseabovethespecifiedmaximumwillbepermitteduptoamaximumof2.30%.A487/A487M–93(2003)39.4.3Weldrepairsoncastingsinwhichanycavitypreparedforweldingisgreaterthanapproximately10in.2[65cm2].10.ProductMarking10.1Castingsshallbemarkedformaterialidentificationwiththegradeandclasssymbols(1-A,4-C,CA15-A).11.Keywords11.1alloysteel;martensiticstainlesssteel;pressurecontain-ingparts;stainlesssteel;steelcastingsTABLE3RequiredMechanicalPropertiesPreviousDesignationGradeClassTensileStrength,Amin,ksi[MPa]YieldStrength,min,ksi[MPa],at0.2%OffsetElongation,2in.[50mm]or4d,min,%ReductionofArea,min%Hardnessmax,HRC[HB]MaxThickness,in.[mm]1N1A85[585]–110[760]55[380]22401Q1B90[620]–115[795]65[450]22451C90[620]65[450]224522[235]2N2A85[585]–110[760]53[365]22352Q2B90[620]–115[795]65[450]22402C90[620]65[450]224022[235]4N4A90[620]–115[795]60[415]18404Q4B105[725]–130[895]85[585]17354C90[620]60[415]183522[235]4D100[690]75[515]173522[235]4QA4E115[795]95[655]15356N6A115[795]80[550]18306Q6B120[825]95[655]12257Q7A115[795]100[690]15302.5[63.5]8N8A85[585]–110[760]55[380]20358Q8B105[725]85[585]17308C100[690]75[515]173522[235]9N9A90[620]60[415]18359Q9B105[725]85[585]16359C90[620]60[415]183522[235]9D100[690]75[515]173522[235]9E115[795]95[655]153510N10A100[690]70[485]183510Q10B125[860]100[690]153511N11A70[484]–95[655]40[275]203511Q11B105[725]–130[895]85[585]173512N12A70[485]–95[655]40[275]203512Q12B105[725]–130[895]85[585]173513N13A90[620]–115[795]60[415]183513Q13B105[725]–130[895]85[585]173514Q14A120[825]–145[1000]95[655]143016N16(J31200)A70[485]–95[655]40[275]2235CA15ACA15A140[965]–170[1170]110[760]–130[895]1025CA15CA15B90[620]–115[795]65[450]1830CA15C90[620]60[415]183522[235]CA15D100[690]75[515]173522[235]CA15MCA15MA90[620]–115[795]65[450]1830CA6NMCA6NMA110[760]–135[930]80[550]1535CA6NMCA6NMB100[690]75[515]173523[255]BAMinimumksi,unlessrangeisgiven.BTestMethodsandDefinitionsA370,Table3adoesnotapplytoCA6NM.TheconversiongivenisbasedonCA6NMtestcoupons.(Forexample,seeASTMSTP756.8)A487/A487M–93(2003)4SUPPLEMENTARYREQUIREMENTSThefollowingsupplementaryrequirementsshallnotapplyunlessspecifiedinthepurchaseorder.AlistofstandardizedsupplementaryrequirementsforuseattheoptionofthepurchaserisincludedinSpecificationA703/A703M.Thosewhichareordinarilyconsideredsuitableforusewiththisspecificationaregivenbelow.OthersenumeratedinSpecificationA703/AS1.UnspecifiedElementsS4.MagneticParticleInspectionS5.RadiographicInspectionS8.CharpyImpactTestS8.1InadditiontotherequirementslistedinS8ofSpeci-ficationA703/A703M,thefollowingspecificrequirementsapplytothisspecification:S8.1.1WhenS8isspecifiedforGrades1B,2B,4B,6B,7A,8B,9B,or10B,impactpropertiesshallbedeterminedbyperformingaCharpyV-notchimpacttestat−50°F[−46°C]withaspecificminimumaveragevalueof15ft-lb[20J]andaspecifiedminimumsinglevalueof10ft-lb[14J].Othertemperaturesmaybeuseduponagreementbetweenthemanu-facturerandthepurchaser,inwhichcaseS8.1.3shallapply.Otherhigherspecifiedminimumaverageandsinglevaluesmaybeuseduponagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandthepurchaser.S8.1.2Impactrequirementsforgradesotherthan1B,2B,4B,6B,7A,8B,9B,and10Bshallbeagreeduponbetweenthemanufacturerandthepurchaser.S8.1.3Whenanimpacttesttemperatureotherthan−50°F[−46°C]isusedforthosegradeslistedinS8.1.1,thelowesttesttemperatureatwhichthematerialmeetstheimpactrequirementsshallbestampedwithlowstressstampsimme-diatelyaheadofthematerialsymbolontheraisedpad(forexample,2510Bfor+25°F[−4°C]and02510Bfor−25°F[−32°C]).S10.ExaminationofWeldPreparationS10.1ThemethodofperformingthemagneticparticleorliquidpenetranttestshallbeinaccordancewithPracticeE709orPracticeE165.TABLE4MinimumPre-HeatandPostWeldHeatTreatRequirementsGradeClassMinimumPre-HeatTemperature,°F[°C]PostWeldHeatTreat,°F[°C]1A,B200[95]1100[595]Aminimum1C200[95]1150[620]Aminimum2A,B200[95]1100[595]Aminimum2C200[95]1150[620]Aminimum4A,B,E200[95]1100[595]Aminimum4C,D200[95]1150[620]Aminimum6A,B300[150]1100[595]Aminimum7A300[150]1100[595]Aminimum8A,B,C300[150]1250[675]Aminimum9A,B,E300[150]1100[595]Aminimum9C,D300[150]1150[620]Aminimum10A,B300[150]1100[595]Aminimum11A,B300[150]1100[595]Aminimum12A,B300[150]1100[595]Aminimum13A,B400[205]1100[595]Aminimum14A400[205]1100[595]Aminimum16(J31200)A50[10]1100[595]AminimumCA15A400[205]1750[955]aircoolorliquidquenchbelow400°F[205°C]temperat900°F[480°C]minimumCA15B400[205]1100[595]AminimumCA15C,D400[205]1150[620]AminimumCA15MA400[205]1100[595]AminimumCA6NMA50[10]Finaltemperbetween1050[565]and1150[620]CA6NMB50[10]IntermediatePWHTbetween1225[665]and1275[690]FinaltemperPWHT1050[565]and1150[620]BAPostweldheattreattemperaturemustbeatorbelowthefinaltemperingtemperature.BTheintermediateandfinalPWHTtemperaturesshallbethesameastheintermediateandfinaltemperingtemperatures,respectively,astheoriginalheattreatmentofthecastings.Cooltobelow200°F[95°C]betweentheintermediateandfinalPWHT.A487/A487M–93(2003)5ASTMInternationaltakesnopositionrespectingthevalidityofanypatentrightsassertedinconnectionwithanyitemmentionedinthisstandard.Usersofthisstandardareexpresslyadvisedthatdeterminationofthevalidityofanysuchpatentrights,andtheriskofinfringementofsuchrights,areentirelytheirownresponsibility.Thisstandardissubjecttorevisionatanytimebytheresponsibletechnicalcommitteeandmustbereviewedeveryfiveyearsandifnotrevised,eitherreapprovedorwithdrawn.YourcommentsareinvitedeitherforrevisionofthisstandardorforadditionalstandardsandshouldbeaddressedtoASTMInternationalHeadquarters.Yourcommentswillreceivecarefulconsiderationatameetingoftheresponsibletechnicalcommittee,whichyoumayattend.IfyoufeelthatyourcommentshavenotreceivedafairhearingyoushouldmakeyourviewsknowntotheASTMCommitteeonStandards,attheaddressshownbelow.ThisstandardiscopyrightedbyASTMInternational,100BarrHarborDrive,POBoxC700,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.Individualreprints(singleormultiplecopies)ofthisstandardmaybeobtainedbycontactingASTMattheaboveaddressorat610-832-9585(phone),610-832-9555(fax),orservice@astm.org(e-mail);orthroughtheASTMwebsite(www.astm.org).A487/A487M–93(2003)6