2019上海长宁区高三二模英语及答案(2)

长宁区2018学年第二学期教学质量检测高三英语试卷2019.04考生注意:1.考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上律不得分。3.答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakersAttheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsand'thequestionswillbespokenonlyonce,Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Teacherandstudent. B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Managerandsecretary.D.Customerandshopassistant.2.A.Inamuseum.                 B.Inataxi. C.Onabus.                  D.Onabridge.3.A.Getintothecar. B.Carrythebags.C.Hurrytodrivethecar. D.Searchforthebags.4.A.Readingnewspapers. B.Writinguplocalnews.C.Talkingaboutsports. D.Puttingupadvertisements.5.A.Shewillhavecoffeeatschool. B.Shewillstayforbreakfast.C.Shelovestograbacoffeeontheway. D.Sheneedstoeatbeforeschool.6.A.Hepartlyagreeswiththewoman. B.He'smissedanimportantpoint.C.Heconsidersthewomancompetitive. D.He'swhollybeenlostinacolorfullife.7.A.Marymustbecaughtinheavytraffic. B.Maryprobablywillnotcome.C.ThewomanwasobviouslynotfondofMary. D.ThewomanforgottotellMarytocome.8.A.Thetennisgamewon'tlast1ong. B.Weatherforecastsarenotreliable.C.Theycouldsticktotheirplan. D.They'dbetterchangetheirmind.9.A.Staytilltomorrowevening. B.LeaveforBeijingwithJack.C.Gototheairportafterwork. D.Asksomeoneelseforhelp.10.A.Themandoesn'tlikehisnewsuit. B.Thenewsuitisareminderfortheman.C.Thenewsuitdoesn'tfittheman. D.Themanforgetstowearhisnewsuit.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillhearseverallongerconversation(s)andshortpassage(s),andyouwillbeaskedseveralquestionsoneachoftheconversation(s)andthepassage(s).Theconversation(s)andthepassage(s)willbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingspeech.11.A.EducatorsfromSouthAfrica. B.Teenagersfondofcooking.C.Studentseagertomakefriends. D.Photographersaroundtheworld.12.A.Brainstormingideasinonesgroupfirst. B.Avoidingusingcookingoil.C.SendingasampledishbeforeMay. D.Creatingone'sowndish.,13.A.Toannounceacookcompetition. B.Tostartacookfestivaloncampus.C.Toadvertisealocalcookcourse. D.ToorganizeacookshowinSouthAfrica.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Guitaristsarevitaltoapopgroup. B.Guitartutorsaren'tdifficulttofind.C.Guitarplayershavemorechancestotravel. D.Beginnersdon'tmakenoisewiththeguitar.15.A.About60years. B.About500years. C.About1000years.D.About2000years.16.A.Indiansplayedthelutewithabow B.TheguitaroriginatedinSpain.C.ThesitartookrootinBritishmusic. D.TheBeatlesreliedalotonthebrass.17.A.Reasonsforthepopularityoftheguitar. B.Someinterestingfactsabouttheguitar.C.Variouskindsofguitarsintheworld. D.Storiesofsomefamousguitarplayers.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18.A.ItsellsthingsfromancientEgypt. B.ItlookslikeanEgyptiangiant.C.Itbringsafeelofadifferentworld. D.Itoffersawiderangeofcheeses.19.A.Producedbythedepartmentstoreitself. B.Suppliedbyanearbysmalltown.C.Collectedfromtheoutsideofthebuilding. D.Obtainedfromthenumerouslightbulbs.20.A.Customersspend€1.5millionorsoperday. B.Around30.000customerscomeperday.C.Thereisabigincreaseincustomersandsales.D.Customerflowandsalesarequiteunsteady.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:AfterIreadingtheIpassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ToanysoldierIservedasasecondlieutenant(少尉)inawarthirtyyearsago.Marriedforonlyayearandahalf,Imissedmywifeandbabydaughteralot.IntheyearsbeforecellphonesandWi-Fi,wehadlimitedopportunities(21)________(communicate)withlovedones.Onenightwhilesittingbymyself,IinvestigatedtheAnySoldiermailbox,acardboardboxwithlettersandpackagesfromAmericans.Ichoseoneshoebox-sizepackage.InsideIfoundabout20greetingcards(22)________children.Atthebottomwasaletterwrittenbytheirteacher(23)________(explain)howherkidshadputtheboxtogetherandhowtheysupportedoureffortsinthewar.Trulytouchedatthatverymomentbythisgesture,Idecidedtowritealetterofgratitude.Ithankedtheteacherfor(24)________herchildrenhaddoneitsimpactonmypatriotism,mymorale,and,(25)________(significantly),myupliftedfaith.Forsecurityreasons,Iwasabletosignonlymyname.Around2013,IreceivedaFacebookfriendrequestfromawomanwith(26)________Isharednocontacts.Irepliedthat(27)________wewerefriends,Icouldnotacceptherrequest.Sherespondedwithonequestion:AreyouSecondLieutenantBartholomew?"IrepliedthatIhadbeenatonetime.“Dearsir,shewrote.Wehavenevermet.butthirtyyearsagoIwasasecond-gradeteacherataschoolinOhioandourclassroomsentacarepackage(28)________(address)to‘AnyServiceMember.'Thethank-youletteryoucomposedwasframedandit(29)________(post)onthewalloftheschoolformorethans20years.Iwantedtoagainthankyouforyourservicetoourcountry.”Weneverspokeagain,butthisgraciousteacherstrengthenedmybeliefindoingwhatmymotheralwaystaughtme:Writethank.younotes(30)________neverknowhowmanypeopleyourkindnesscantouch.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accountedB.commonlyC.definedD.determineE.eliminationF.emergencyG.infectiousH.potentialI.previouslyJ.suspectedK.symptomsMeasles(麻疹)breaksoutintheNorthwestTheU.S.isexperiencingoutbreaksofmeasles,adiseaseithaddeclaredeliminatedyearsago,largelyduetoadropinvaccination(接种疫苗)ratesinsomecommunities.AnoutbreakinWashingtonstatehassickened23peoplethismonth,mostlychildrenunder10.LocalhealthofficialsinClarkCounty,declaredapublic-health(31)________onFriday.Theyalsourgedresidentstotrack(32)________symptomsandcallaheadbeforeheadingtomedicalcenters.Stateofficialsannouncedthe(33)________ofmeaslesfrom.theU.$.in2000thankstoawidespreadvaccinationprogram.Buttravelersenteringthecountrywithmeasles,aswellasdroppingvaccinationratesinsomestatesinrecentyears,hasledtoariseininfection.Lastyear,therewereatotalof17outbreaks,(34)________,asthreeormorecaseslinkedtogether,accordingtotheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention.NewYorkandNewJersey(35)________forroughlyhalfofthe2018cases.TheClarkCountyoutbreakbeganearlylastweekwiththreeconfirmedcasesandhassincegrownto23confirmedandtwomore_36_.Ofthosecases,20wereunvaccinatedandtheothersareunconfirmed.Measlesishighly(37)________thevirusspreadsthroughthe,airbycoughingorsneezing,theCDCsays.Early(38)________includeahighfever,cough,runnynoseandred,wateryeyes,followedbytiny,whitespotsinsidethemouthandthered,bumpyrash(疹子)thatpeople(39)________associatewiththeinfection.Childrenyoungerthan5oradultsolderthan20aremorelikelytosufferfromcomplications,accordingtotheCDC.Inordertopreventthefurtherspreadoftheoutbreak,localhealthofficialsarepostingtimesandplaceswhereresidentsmayhavebeenexposed.Theyareurgingresidentswho.haven'tbeenvaccinatedto(40)________whethertheyhavebeenexposedandtotakeappropriateaction.II.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.KeepingitinthefamilyYouunderstandgrandmotherwhenshetalkstoyou,don'tyou,darling?Thegirlnods.Imether,herJapanesemotherandEnglishfatheronaplanetoJapan.Theparentswereeagerto(41)________theirexperienceofbringinguptheirdaughterbilingually(使用双语地)inLondonItisn'teasy:thehusbanddoesnotspeakJapanese,sothechildhearsthelanguageonlyfromhermother,whohascometo(42)________thatthegirlwillreplyinEnglish.Thiscanbepainful!Notsharingyourfirstlanguagewithlovedonesishard.Notpassingitontoyourownchildcanbeespeciallytough.Manyimmigrantparentsfeelasenseof(43)________Childrenlearnlanguageseasily,butthisdoesn'tmeanthat(44)________exposureisenough.Theymusthearalanguagequiteabittounderstandit--anduseitoftentobeabletospeakitcomfortably.Thisismentalwork,andachildwhodoesn’thaveanintentiontospeakalanguagewilloftenavoidit.Solanguagesoftendiewhenparentsmoveabroad.Inthepast,governmentsdiscouragedimmigrantfamiliesfromkeepingtheirlanguages.Thesedays,officialstendtobe(45)________:someevenseeavaluableresourceinimmigrantslanguageabilities.Yetmanyfactorsensurethatchildrenstilllosetheirparentslanguages,orneverlearnthem.Abigoneisinstitutional(46)________.Achild'stimespentwithasecondlanguageistimenotspentontheirfirst.Soteachersoftendiscourageparentsfromspeakingtheirlanguagestotheirchildren.Parentsoften(47)________obey,worriedabouttheirchildreneducation.Thisisa(n)(48)________forchildrenreallycanmastertwolanguagesorevenmore.Researchdoesindeedsuggesttheirvocabularyineachlanguagemaybesomewhatsmallerforawhile,butotherstudieshintatintellectualadvantagesamongbilinguals.Theymaybemoreskillfulatcomplextasks,betteratmaintainingattention.Evenwithoutthosesideeffects,(49)________,abilingualchild'sconnectiontoanothercultureisagoodthinginitself.Howto(50)________?Whenbothparentssharethenativelanguage,thestrategyisoftentospeakthatathome,'andthenationallanguageoutside.Butwhentheyhave(51)________languages.perhapsthemostcommonapproachis“oneparent,onelanguage”.FrancoisGrosjean,alanguageexpertfromSwitzerland,(52)________thenecessity.Herecommendsreservingoccasionsonwhichtheonlylanguagethatmaybespokenistheonethatneeds(53)________.SabineLittle,alanguageexpertattheUniversityofSheffield,putstheemphasiselsewhere.Makingthenativelanguageyetanothertask(54)________byparentscanleadtorejection,sheargues.Sherecommendslettingthechildformtheirown(55)________Iconnectiontothelanguage,forlanguagesarenotjustanotherthingtobedrilledintoayoungmind,butamatteroftheheart.41.A.concealB.publicizeC.discussD.imagine42.A.acceptB.argueC.decideD.ensure43.A.excitementB.inferiorityC.failureD.injustice44.A.momentaryB.maximumC.repeatedD.continued45.AlessstimulatedB.lesscontrollingC.morerelievedD.morediscouraging46.A.engagementB.featureC.prejudiceD.pressure47.A.cheerfullyB.faithfullyC.immediatelyD.reluctantly48.A.instanceB.shameC.ambitionD.suggestion49.A.thoughB.henceC.besidesD.otherwise50.A.keepitupB.carryitonC.figureitoutD.bringitabout51.A.multipleB.differentC.foreignD.target52.A.removesB.challengesC.emphasizesD.ignores53.A.preservationB.restrictionC.rejectionD.connection54.A.performedB.imposedC.sharedD.recommended55.A.skillfulB.powerfulC.apparentD.emotionalSectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.,ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.-(A)Thebusscreamedto_astopinNazareth.Israel.FiveAustralianbackpackersboardedandstruckupaconversationwithme.Theyaskedtypicaltravelersquestions-wherewasIgoingandwhywasItravelingalone?Myplanwastotravelwithafriendofafriend,Iexplained,butwhenIcalledherthatmorning,shedidn'tpickupandIhadnootherwaytoreachher.Mystomachwasinknots,butIdecidedtoheadoutanyway,thinkingImightrunintoherifItraveledtoTiberius,wherewehadplannedtogotogether.Whydon'tyoutravelwithus?"oneofthebackpackersoffered.Theywereexperiencedadventurerswhowouldworkforafewmonths,save,thentravelforaslongastheycould.TheircurrentplanwastoexploretheMiddleEastandEuropeinthreemonthswhileworkinginLondon.Itseemedriskytotravelwithstrangers,butmyinstinctsaidyes.Forthenexttwoweeks,IexploredIsraelwiththebackpackersandlearnedtotrustmyinstinctsinalltypesofnewandinterestingsituations.Whentheyhookaride,Itookthebus,butwhentheywantedtostealintotheKingDavidHotel'sswimmingpool,Iledtheway.TheworldopeneduptomebecauseIchosetotravelalone.Ijoinedcompletestrangers,whobecomeclosefriends.Yearslater,onecouplefromthebackpackinggroupevenflewfromSydneytoPhoenixtobeinmywedding.Thetripwassuchaspecialexperiencethatitgavemeconfidenceinallareasofmylife.Sincethen,I'vebackpackedaloneacrossSouthAfrica,sky-divedfrom12,000feetinNewZealandandevenmovedacrosstheU.S.withnojobLinedup.OnmythirddaywanderinginIsraelwithmynewfriends,IbumpedintothewomanIwassupposedtomeet.ThoughIwashappyshewasallright,Iwasgratefulshehadn'tpickedupthephone.56.By"Mystomachwasinknots"(inparagraph1),theauthormostlikelymeansthatshewas________.A.sickofridingonabumpybusB.nervousofmeetingstrangersC.upsetaboutthesuddenchangeD.sorry'abouttheimpracticalplan57.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebackpackerstheauthormet?A.Courageousbutdisrespectful.B.Joblessandpoorlyeducated.C.Warmheartedandtrustworthy..D.Homelessbutlighthearted.58.Theauthor'ssixthsensetoldherthat________.A.shewouldgetalongwiththebackpackersB.itmightcausetroubletohaveaswimC.sheoughttostayawayfromthebackpackersD.itcouldaddexcitementtogetafreeride59.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A.Mostofthebackpackersbecametheauthor'slifelongfriends.B.Theauthorgatheredthecouragetobeafulltimebackpacktraveler.C.Thewomanmissedthephonecallwiththepurposeoftravelingalone.D.Theauthorconsidereditthebestdecisionofherlifetotravelonherown.(B)YourwritingproblemssolvedwithadvicefromHelplineEmailyourinquiriestoDianaat:diana@dianacambridge.co.uk.Shewillanswerasmanylettersasshecanonthepage.Publicationofanswersmaytakeseveralmonths.Helplinecannotpersonallyanswerinquiriessuchaswheretooffer.Isitwrongeithergrammaticallyorintermsofstyle-tomixthe.simplepasttensewiththepastperfectinonesentence?Togiveanexample,thefollowingseemsabitheavyandawkwardtome:“Therehadbeenatimewhenshehadbeenhappier.'Iprefer:Therehadbeenatimewhenshewashappier.”Anythoughts?-------ALEXQIthinkthesecondversionisthecorrectone-it'sshorterandclearer.Ratherthanfocusingontenses,focusontheclean,shortsentence.Ifsomethingseemsheavyandawkwardtoyou,thewriter-----thenitprobablyis.Alwaysshortsentences.AIhaveconstructedtextsforarangeofchildren'spicturebooksallbasedonworkingprofession:busdriver,postman,footballer,cleaner,teacher,policemantolistafew:I'velistedaboutthirtyprofessionssofar.IthoughtoftitlingthemasMrBusDriver,MrPostmanandsoon.WouldIbeinfringing(侵权)theMrMentitlesifIdidorshouldIthinkofsomethingelse?------RАЛVQTheMrMenstoriesarebasedoncharacteristics,notonjobs-MrLazy,MrNoisy,etcsotheybearnorelationtoyourprojects.However,youwillcomeunderfirefromgenderequalitysupporters-everyjobyoulistcouldequallybedonebyawoman.Noteacherandfewparentswouldfindworkusefulifitimpliesthatallprofessionsareopenonlytomen.Iadviseyouto1ookatmodemchildrensbooksinalibraryorbookshop.A60.Alexwantstoknowhowto________.A.avoiduncertaintermsinwritingB.usetensesproperlyinonesentenceC.improvegrammaticalskillsD.focusonclearandshortsentences61.DianaremindsRajivthathewillbeseverelycriticizedforA.tendingtoholdgenderprejudiceB.breakingthelawusingMrMentitlesfC.notcharacterizingenoughprofessionsD.notrunningaprojectrelatedtoeducation62.WhichofthefollowingquestionsisnotsupposedtobeaskedifyouemailDiana?A.Isthereagoodmarketfortraditionalpoemsthesedays?B.Canyoupossiblyevaluatemyrecentlywrittennovelenclosed?C.WherecanIgetsomeinstructivebooksonwritingformyson?D.HowcanIwriteanappropriateacknowledgementformybook?CStudiesshowthatolderpeopletendtorememberthepositivethingsinliferatherthanthenegativethings,whileyoungerpeoplerememberthepositiveandnegativeequallywell.Thedominantpsychologicaltheorytoexplainthisisthatolderpeopleareawareoftheirlimitedtimeleft,sotheyprioritizepositiveemotionalexperiences.Butaboutadecadeago,IworkedwithbiologistRobertTriversonhisideathattherewasanevolutionarybasisforolderpeople'sincreasedpositiveoutlook.Ourresearchtookusinthefascinatingdirectionofexploringhowthebodyusesitsenergy.Whenourancestorsneededmoreenergythanusual,perhapswhilebeingchasedbyatiger,theyhadtogetthatenergyfromsomewhereinthebody.Couldtheyborrowitfromthebrain?Thatorganuses20percentofourmetabolic(新陈代谢)output,whetherwearesolvingmathproblemsorwatchingtelevisionreruns.Duetothisconstantenergyrequirement,borrowingenergyfromthebrainwhenourneed-surpassestheavailablesupplyisnotanoption.Perhapswecouldborrowenergyfromourmuscles.Becauseweusefarmoremuscleenergywhenweareactivethanwhenatrest,inprinciple,wecouldborrowenergywhenwearesitting.Buttheproblemisthatmostoftheenergy-demandingemergenciesofourancestorsrequiredamuscularresponse.Therewasnowaytoborrowenergyfromourmusclesduringanemergencybecauserelaxingwhenatigershowedupwasnotaneffectiveresponse.Thisbringsustoourimmunesystem,which,whenstrong,protectsusfrommanyillnessesanddiseases.Likethebrain,theimmunesystemworksatgreatmetaboliccost,butlargelyintheserviceofkeepingushealthy,inthefuture.Wehave.anenormousnumberofimmunecellscoursingthroughourbody,amomentarybreakfromproductionisfine.So.whenourbodyneedsextraenergy,oneoftheplacesitgoesisourimmunefunction.Whenyou'rebeingchasedbyatiger,youdon’tneedtowasteenergymakingimmunecellstofightofftomorrow'scold.Whatyouneedistoshiftallavailableenergyresourcestoyourlegs,withthehopethatyouwilllivetoexperienceanothercoughorsneeze.Asaresult,ourimmunesystemevolvedtoruninmaximumamountswhenwerehappy,buttoslowdowndramaticallywhenwerenot.Withthisbackgroundinmind,Triverssupposedthatolderpeopleevolvedastrategyofturningthisrelationshiponitshead,becomingmorefocusedonthepositivethingsinlifeinanefforttoenhancetheirimmune.functioning.Thiswashelpedalongbytheirknowingmuchmoreabouttheworldthanyoungeradults,sotheycandealwithsomeoftheunpleasantthingsinlifemoreeasily.63.AccordingtoRobertTrivers,whenourbodyneedsextraenergy,________A.muscleswillrespondtoitbyrelaxingalittlebitB.organswillspeedupmetabolicprocessestoansweritC.immunesystemwilltemporarilyshutdowntofulfillitD.brainwillsatisfyitbysharingoptionalmetabolicoutput64.Inparagraph3“thisrelationship"mostprobablyreferstotheonebetween________A.experiencesandrelatedknowledgeB.happinessandbiologicalevolutionC.immunefunctionandhealthD.optimismandlengthoflife65.WhatcanbeconcludedfromRobertTriversstudy?A.Youngerpeopleadoptstrategiesofhandlingtensesituationsfromeverydaylife.B.Ourancestorsevolvedtheirimmunesystemsinfightingagainstfierceanimals.C.Realizingthattheirdaysarenumbered,olderpeoplepreferbeingpositive.D.Beingnegativedrainsenergyfromourbody,loweringresistancetodisease.66.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Brain,musclesandimmunesystemB.Age,healthandhappinessC.Ancestors,emergencyandevolution D.Energy,effortandresponseSectionCDirections:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.However,EVAsdon'tjusthappeninemptyspace.B.Itstickstoeverything,eventuallycausingjointsandsealstofail.C.Spacesuitsalsohavetomaintainidealairpressureduringaspacewalk.D.Unfortunately,mostpeoplehavenoideaaboutspaceexplorationorspacesuits.E.Withouttheabilitytoworkinspace,weareunabletokeepourspaceprogramsfunctional.FThereareafewthingsthatmustbetakenintoaccounttomakeanEVAbothsafeandeffective.Spacewalk!Mostpeopledon'tknowthattheanniversaryofanimportanteventinspaceexplorationoccurredlastmonth.OnMarch18,1965,spacemanAleksiLeonovbecamethefirsthumantocompleteanExtraVehicularActivity(EVA)orspacewalkItmarkedthefirsttimethatahumanwasabletoleaveaspacecraftandoperateintheemptinessofspace.Itisadangerousprocedure,butonethatisvitalforthesuccessofmannedspacemissions.(67)__________Inspace,aspacesuitmustprotectpeoplefromextremecoldandheat,provideairtobreathe,andremoveextracarbondioxide._68_Toomuchofit,andthespacesuitbecomesfirmanddifficulttomovein.Toolittleofit,andastronautscanbecomedangerouslysickafterreturningtotheirspacecraft.Astronautsnowperformcomplexjobsintheemptinessofspaceinmodernspacesuits.Theyhaveloggedmanyhoursrepairingandupgradingequipmentonsatellites:duringEVAs. (69)___________OnJuly20h,1969,AmericanastronautNeilArmstrongsetfootonthemoonforthefirsttime.Thereisnoatmosphereonthemoon,butthereisgravity--about17percentofEarth's,whichmeansNeilneededaspecialsuitforwalkingonthemoon'ssurface.Suitsforthemoonareequippedforexplorationfarfromany.vehicles,includingtoughbootsthatcanresistcutsfromtheroughsurfacewhilewalking.Butsharprocksweren'ttheonlydangertoastronauts.Themoonsurfaceiscoveredwithafineandflour-likedustwhichconsistsofsmallparticles(颗粒)leftoverfromthenumerous.mete