西安外国语大学2002年硕士研究生入学考试试题

西安外国语大学2002年硕士研究生入学考试 试题 中考模拟试题doc幼小衔接 数学试题 下载云南高中历年会考数学试题下载N4真题下载党史题库下载 西安外国语大学2002年硕士研究生入学考试试题(专业英语) Part A Basic English Section one: Vocabulary Directions: This section consists of (10) incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by (4) words or phrases. Select the word of phrase that best fits in with each context and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet (10%) 1. She had clearly no of doing any work, although she was well paid. a. tendency b. intention c. ambition d. preference 2. The mother separated the quarrelling children and gave each of them a sharp . a. slap b. scratch c. pinch d. punch 3. His decision to invest in the developing holiday resort was a one. a. shrewd b. sly c. crafty d. cunning 4. He cited a Chinese proverb to the that you should never wish ill on your neighbor. a. extent b. notion c. effect d. point 5. All the following verbs but may form a meaningful combination with the noun phrase a need in one’s life. a. fill b. serve c. answer d. accord 6. An honorary doctorate of law was on him by Newcastle University in 1976. a. granted b. conferred c. extended d. awarded 7. The Academic Committee him of its willingness to help with his research program. a. assured b. ensured c. reassured d. insured 8. As winter the population is predicted to face severe food and fuel shortages. a. sets out b. sets in c. sets forth d sets down 9. Each of the following noun phrases may constitute a logical collocation except . a. a burst of passion b. a fit of industry c. a gust of rage d. a flash of meditation 10 I have been away from home for many years, and it is not very easy for me to some of my old friends. a. keep track of b. take sides with c. fall into line with d. take note of Section Two Grammatical Structure Directions: This section consists of ten incomplete sentences, each followed by four possible answers. Select the one that best completes each sentence and blacken your answer choice on the answer sheet.(10%) 11. The management has now introduced a policy pay rises are related to performance at work. a. which b. where c. whether d. what 12. Mary’s facial expression suggested that she disappointed with my decision. a. was b. be c. should be d. must be 13. Western Nebraska generally receives less snow than eastern Nebraska. a. in b. does c. it does in d. it receives in 14. No one can walk the wire without a bit of fear unless very young. a. trained b. being trained c. to be trained d. having been trained 15.you have no right_____to read what is written in the study report. a. indeed b.actually c.anyhow d.whatsoever 16.a thorough check of the accounts has revealed_______a tax evader. a.him being b.that he be c.him to be d.that he had been 17. They regard it as one of the sights of london that must_____be missed. a.of no account b.from all accounts c.on no account d.by all accounts 18. The three men tried many times to sneak across the border into the neighboring country, ____by the police each time. a. had been captured b.being always captured c.unfortunately captured d.only to be captured 19.according to be law,___organizations or individuals that employ school-age children and youngsters shall be criticized and ordered to put______stop to such employment. a.the;/ b./;a c.the;a d./;/ 20.deliberate aggression integral____some forms of competitive athletics increases the likelihood that imitative violence will erupt among crowds of young adult spectators. a.to b.into c.for d.with section three rhetoric Directions: in each of the following sentences, some part of the sentence or the whole is underlined. Beneath each sentence you will find four(4)ways of phrasing the underlined part. Select the answer that expresses most effectively what is presented in the original sentence. Your choice should be clear and exact, without awkwardness, ambiguity or redundancy. Mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet(10%). 21.more than five hundred years a go, Chinese scholars accurately described the flow of blood as a continuous circle controlled by the heart, but it was unnoticed in the west. a.but it went b.although it was c.but the discovery went d.although the discovery was 22.for members of the 17th-century ashanti nation in africa, animal-hide shields with wooden frames were essential items of military equipment, a method to protect warriors against enemy arrows and spears. a.as a method protecting b. protecting c.as a protection of d.to protect 23.a labor department study states that the numbers of women employed outside the home grew by more than a thirty-five percent increase in the past decade and accounted for more than sixty-two percent of the total growth in the civilian work force. a.numbers of women employed outside the home grew more than thirty-five percent b.numbers of women employed outside the home were raised by more than thirty-five percent 24. Published in Harlem, the owner and editor of the messenger were two young journalists, chandler owen and a. Philin Randolph who would later make his reputation as a labor leader. a. published in Harlem, two young journalists, chandler own and a Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, were the owner and editor of the messenger. b.published in Harlem, the messenger was owned and edited by two, young joumalists, a, Philip Randolph, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and chandler owen. c.the messenger was owned and edited by two young journalists, who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, and published in Harlem. d.the owner and editor being two young journalists, Chandler Owen and a. Philip Randolph. Who would later make his reputation as a labor leader, the messenger was published in Harlem. 25. What was as remarkable as the development of the compact disc has been the use of the new technology to revitalize some of the classic recorded performances of the pre-LP era. a. the thing that was as remarkable as developing the compact disc b.no less remarkable than the development of the compact disc c.developing the compact disc has been none the less remarkable than d.developwent of the compact disc has been no less remarkable as 26.unlike computer skills or other technical skills, there is a disinclination on the part of many people to recognize the degree to which their analytical skills are weak a.unlike computer skills or other technical skills, which they admit they lack, many people are disinclined to recognize that the analytical skills are weak. b.unlike computer skills or other technical skills, analytical skills bring out a disinclination in many people to recognize that they are weak to a degree. c.many people, willing to admit that they lack computer skills or other technical skills, are disinclined to recognize that their analytical skills are weak. d.many people have a disinclination to recognize the weakness of their analytical skills while willing to admit their lack of computer skills or other technical skills. 27.some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earth-quake last year were constructed in violation of the city’s building code. a.some buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake last year had been b.some buildings that the earthquake destroyed and heavily damaged last year have been c.last year the earthquake destroyed or heavily damaged some buildings that have been d.last year some of the buildings that were destroyed or heavily damaged in the earthquake had been 28.while some academicians believe that business ethics should be included in every business course, others say that students will take ethics seriously only if it would be taught as a separately required course. a.only if it is taught as a separate, required course b.if it is taught only as a course required separately c.if it was taught only as a separate and required course d.if it would only be taught as a required course, separately 29.scientists have observed large concentrations of heavy-metal deposits in the upper 20 centimeters of Baltic sea sediments, which are consistent with the growth of industrial activity there. a.baltic sea sediments, which the growth of industrial activity is consistent with these findings b.baltic sea sediments, findings consistent with its growth of industrial activity c.sediments from the Baltic sea, findings consistent with the growth of industrial activity in the area d.sediments from the Baltic sea, consistent with the growth of industrial activity there 30.the current administration, being worried over some foreign trade barriers being removed and our exports failing to increase as a result of deep cuts in the value of the dollar, has formed a group to study ways to sharpen our competitiveness. a.worrying over some foreign trade barriers being removed, also over the failure of our exports b.worried about the removal of some foreign trade barriers and the failure of our exports c.in that they were worried sbout the removal of some foreign trade barriers and also about the failure of our exports d.because od its worry concerning the removal of some foreign trade barriers, also concerning the failure of our exports section four reading comprehension directions;this section consists of two (2) reading texts, each of them is followed by a number of questions or unfinished statements based on ias content. After you read each text, select the best answer to each question and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet(10%) Text a trouble in paradise Easter Sunday was just another day in paradise for James and Mary Murphy-until the guys with the ak-47s and rocket launchers turned up. After a day of diving and lounging on the beach, the Murphys and the other tourists on Sipadan island off the east coast of Malaysia were having dinner when six armed men burst in and ordered them onto boats waiting offshore. The Murphys, from Rochester, New York, had come to the exclusive s250-a-night resort of Sipadan for its world-renowned corals, turtles, and sharks. Instead they found themselves confronted by men pointing gun’s at them and shouting orders. The men, it turned out, were muslin separatists from the Philippines’ shadowy Abu Sayyaf terrorist organization. With a tradition of taking foreign hostages-and killing civilians-the abu sayyaf are the most feared rebel group in the predominantly catholic Philippines the organization maintains links with international terrorist leaders, including Osama bin laden and Ramzi Yoursef, the man convicted of plotting the 1993 bombing of the world trade center in New York City. Although James Murphy initially didn’t know who the armed men were, he was worried. They showed little interest in the tourists valuables, he noted, but wanted them to board their boat. They had cut the phone lines to the island, so nobody could call for help. With the kidnappers shouting, “move it, goddamn, move it!” to the Americans and 10 other foreign tourists, Murphy took a big chance. He told the armed men that his wife could not swim and was unable to make it to the. The pirates turned away long enough for the Murphys to run into the undergrowth of the tropical island, where they hid for the rest of the night. The other travelers were not so lucky, three Germans, two French, two south Africans, two Finns and a Lebanese were herded onto the waiting boats together with nine Malaysians and two Filipino workers from the resort. Under cover of darkness they were taken to Jolo Island in the southern Philippines, about an hour away by sea. For several days their fate was a mystery, until Philippine Defense Secretary Orlando Mercado finally confirmed what many had suspected all along; the hostages were being held by the local Abu Sayyaf leader on Jolo Island, Galib Andang, who goes by the alias commander robot, Andang was behind several previous assaults, including the 1998 kidnapping of three Hong Kong citizens in the Sulu islands. Efforts to negotiate the release of the latest hostages were continuing through the weekend with the appointment of former Muslim rebel leader Nur Misuari as manila’s negotiator, Misuari traveled to Jolo to open communications with the kidnappers, once head of the Moro national liberation front, an Islamic separatist group, Misuari went over to the government after peace talks in 1996. he still commands respect among Muslims in the southern Philippines. The kidnappers reportedly told Misuari they want money and restoration of fishing rights in exchange for the hostages. President Joseph Estrada told time, however, that he isn’t prepared to meet the demands. “no way, you cannot keep paying,” Estrada said,” that’s why we have so much kidnapping in the Philippines,” the president shows every sign of sticking to the hard line he has adopted since the start of the incident,” Abu in Tagalong means ash.” says Estrada and that is what we are going to turn them into.” Though they didn’t realize it at first, the tourists have been plunged into a complicated and brutal kidnap drama that reaches across the Sulu islands, an area long known for piracy, smuggling and general lawlessness a month earlier, Abu Sayyaf fighters had seized 50 people from schools on Basilan Island, some 80 kilometers northeast of Jolo their demand was bizarre: that manila must persuade American president Bill Clinton to release yourself, the world trade center boomer currently serving a 240-year sentence in the u.s. Estrada rejected the demand out of hand. In response, the rebels announced several days before Easter that they had beheaded two of their hostages. Estrada ordered his military. To go in hand on April 22, the government launched an air and ground assault on the Abu Sayyaf camp to free the remaining captives. A day later, the latest batch of hostages were grabbed in Sipadan, upping the stakes for manila once again. Abu Sayyaf, which in Arabic means “bearer of the sword”, was set up in 1991 by abdurajak Abubakar Janjalani, a veteran of the anti-soviet war in Afghanistan. With some 600 fighters, abu Sayysf says it is struggling for an independent Muslim state in the southern Philippines. But most of its actions have amounted to little more than localized terrorism and kidnapping for ransom. The group is known to receive money and support from the Middle East, although claims that Osama bin laden visited the region in the early 1990s have never been confirmed. Abu sayyaf has a record of tossing explosives into buses and shopping centers, and in 1993 it killed seven worshipers by rolling grenades down the aisle of the catholic cathedral in Davao. In 1995 Abu Sayyaf fighters invaded the Christian village of Ipil on Mindanao Island, walking down the main street and shooting anything that moved. When they left, 53 people were dead. Over the years they have kidnapped Spanish nuns, Hong Kong fishery workers, a u.s. bible translator and a Taiwanese grandmother. As the hostage drama drags on, Estrada is feeling the pressure. “our priority is the safety of the hostages,” he told time.” but we’re going to finish them off this time.” The philippine military’s assault on the Abu Sayyaf base on Basilan has been going slowly, however, as troops cope with dense jungle land mines and an enemy that knows the terrain better. According to one officer, government soldiers do not dare to move at night for fear of being cut down by friendly fire. Abu sayyafs political objectives may seem unreal: 600 rebels are not going to overturn a country of 73 million people anytime soon, let alone convert the entire world to Islam. But this only makes dealing with them more hazardous. “How do you negotiate with guys like that?” asks one of Estrada’s top aides. “They’re crazy.” Solving that problem, however, could mean the difference between life and death for several dozen hostages. 31.what does the title of the text suggest about the tourists? a.they had a blessing in disguise. b.their travel was doomed to failure. c.they attracted unwanted attention. d.their holiday was unexpectedly undermined. 32.what function is the text primarily intended to achieve? a.entertaining. b.informative. c.aesthetic. d.inspiring. 33.which category of style does the text basically fall into? a.recount. b.exposition. c.description. d.argumentation. 34.the tone of the whole text is___________ a.apprehensive. b.pessimistic. c.understanding d.objective 35.which of the following cannot be inferred from the text? A.abu sayyaf’s objectives are both political and economic. b.catholicism dominates in the minds of most filipinos. c.the government soldiers will give the rebels a surprise attack. d.the recent crisis is part of the rebls’anti-government scheme. Text b hurricane Hurricane Frederic was far from its peak of fury as l drove through the deserted streets of mobile, Alabama, for a last look. But already roaring winds loaded with rain tunneled between buildings. Traffic lights danced crazily on their wire strings, and then crashed into the streets. Signs, tree limbs, garbage cans, and sheet metal hurtled through the air. Windows popped glass sprayed like shrapnel. I retreated to my hotel at about 8:30 pm, when the center or eye of Frederic neared western mobile. Mobile eventually the city was enveloped in the most violent part of the storm. Wind spiraled in bands toward the eye, signaled by a banshee wail that split the night. Lightning flashed down the wall of the sky thunder shook the hotel. Once a frightening tornado rumbled past in the darkness, more than a few who heard these horrendous noises of a hurricane may have died of heart attacks. The wind strengthened steadily until, in the fiercest assault of the century on mobile bay, Frederic lashed the coast with sustained winds of 133 miles per hour, the maximum gusts of history’s great hurricanes have rarely been clocked, because most measuring instruments cannot stand before them. At the mouth of mobile bay wind gauges on Dauphin Island recorded gusts of 145 miles per hour before Frederic swept them away peak gusts rocked the hotel violently. The floor of my room swayed like the deck of a ship. Hurricanes and their western pacific and Indian ocean counterparts-typhoons and cyclones-may grow to be more than 500 miles in diameter, earth’s greatest storms. They are like enormous heat engines, which feed on the ocean’s warmth evaporated seawater condenses into rain changing thermal energy into wind power in awesome amounts. The heat energy released by one hurricane in a single day, if converted to electrical energy, would supply the entire United States with power for three years. As an experienced Florida reporter, l have had an intimate acquaintance with hurricanes, and l realized that air pressure inside the hotel was now greater than the low barometric pressure of the storm, putting explosive stresses on the building. L propped my door open, hoping to let air into the corridor, l can only assume that it helped, my window held while, all around, others cracked and shattered. The thudding strikes of wind came harder and more often as the night wore on gusts slammed through gaping windows and knocked the inner walls of some rooms out into the hallways. Sometime near midnight Frederic jolted the entire hotel, cutting off electric power and plunging the hotel into darkness. With other guests, l groped down emergency stairs to the lobby, water streamed from the cracked ceiling. Broken glass crunched under our feet. Hours later, l went out into a gray, gusty dawn to walk the streets of a brutally beaten city. Mobile was a shambies. Roofs were tom off, glass and even brick walls caved in church steeples toppled, and debris piled high, at Bellingrath gardens, a luxuriantly landscaped estate, tornadoes like artillery fire had toppled and uprooted oaks, pines and other trees, throughout mobile, giant live oaks that had stood for two centuries now lay blocking avenues and flattening houses. In only a few hours, hurricane Frederic had swept mobile back to an earlier era gone were air conditioning ice-boxes, television sets, telephones, and in many areas, drinking water gasoline could not be pumped newspaper presses were silent and only candles and lanterns dispelled nighttime darkness. 36.why did the writer go back to his hotel at about 8:30? a.all the streets were deserted. B.he had seen enough to write a report. c.he was afraid of the tornado that rumbled past. D.it was too dangerous to stay outside 37.during the hurricane, the wind at its strongest blew at______________ a.about 133 miles per hour b.less than 133 miles per hour c.more than 145 miles per hour d.more than 500 miles per hour 38.why did the writer open his hotel room? a.because the lights had gone out. B.so he could escape easily. c.because the room was airless. D.to prevent the windows from breaking. 39.according to the text, what was the effect of the hurricane on the hotel? a.it caused it to jerk and move b.it smashed it to pieces c.it blew all the windows out d.it took the roof off. 40.when was the hurricane at its worst? a.at dawn, early next morning, b.around the middle of the night c.eight-thirty at night d.when the writer drove through the streets section five cloze test directions: fill in each of the numbered blanks in the following text with one word that is appropriate to context. Write down all your answers in the space provided on the answer sheet(10%)More on , there are other text papers on the club of this website, the papers were all typed by the typewriter. single-parent families and stepfamilies share similar frustrations. There is one big difference-one parent______shoulder it all. Single parents face many additional wrinkles in the family______such as increased economic pressures, reduced resources for child care-especially______a child is ill-the effects of a parent’s dating on the children, the remarriage of a formal spouse, the______of steporothers and stepsisters and not having someone to talk things over with. We______single parents to remember the following suggestions. Be the boss and a friend. In the absence of a partner, parent and child often______as friends. So the single-parent family ends up with no real hierarchy of power. This puts the parent in a bind______issues of discipline the solution seems to______in developing good communication skills and establishing clear guidelines about what is expected______the child this covers both____of the relationship: the roles of friendship and parent. The more clearly the child knows what is expected, the easier it is to talk about problems_____they come up. Ask for help. This is the first time in recorded history we are trying to____children alone. Asking is the____thing you will have to do, so if you can not do it for yourself, do it for your child. In my____l was going to change my daughter’s preschool for the third time in a year, and l didn’t want to put her____yet a other change. I finally got up the____to ask the school for help with fees, and even though the school had never done it before, they said ok! L was shocked. It____to ask. Now years later, l have given back a thousand fold. When you are on your feet again, you can give back and more. Be quick to consult single parents need feedback and information about current____in their children’s lives—age-appropriate behsvior, peer group choices and so on. Single motners may need to get perspectives____how to enforce chores, homework and financial assistance. Major corporations do not hesitate to____a professional for recommendations when faced with important decisions. Single parents must break down their walls of isolation and reach out to other when in doubt about parenting. 西安外国语大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题 西安外国语大学2004年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题 Part one basic english 1. vocabulary and structure section a directions: this section consists of 15 incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by 4 words or phrases. Select the word or phrase that best fits in with each context and mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet.(15 points) 1. these rules and regulations apply only________joint ventures and corporations. a.to b.for c.with d.about 2.a foreign ministry statement said that the French government rejoiced____the happy outcome to the event. a.for b.in c.with d.over 3.inspectors were appointed to inquire____the affairs of the company a.with b.after c.into d.about 4.the group does not____market conditions to improve substantially in the second half of this year. a.aspire b.expect c.predict d.estimste 5.if you want to_____your point of view, you need to provide more evidence or support for it a.deduce b.increase c.formulate d.reinforce 6.different from the other speakers at this conference, l would_____that juvenile delinquency is one of our serious social problems today. a.state b.explain c.contend d.assume 7.during the art festival, she quickly____herself of the opportunity to make friends a.availed b.seized c.obtained d.acquired 8.the financial scandal is yet to unfold, so the offical has shown extreme_____to explain their position to the media a.patience b.reluctance c.uneasiness d.willingness 9.the two parties have finally reached a_____on this issue after a series of heated debates in the parliament. a.doctrine b.negotiation c.hypothesis d.consensus 10.the company has worked out an____management training scheme for newly recruited graduates. A.elaborate b.abundant c.inherent d.optimistic 11.owing to the development is mass communications, people everywhere are feeling new wants and are being____to new customs and ideas. a.adapted b.subjectted c.exposed d.tailored 12.regular reading is believed to broaden the mind and ____the spirit. a.uplift b.nurse c.inflate d.cherish 13.first-rate companies are highly_____to market signals. a.interactive b.competitive c.pervasive d.responsive 14.as a result of this academic advancement Henry will____a wider range of responsibilities for the research project. a.take to b.take on c.take over d.take after 15.his colleague____the description given by the police so he must be the criminal. a.answers up b.answers for c.answers to d.answers back section b directions: this section consists of fifteen (15) incomplete sentences. Each followed by four (4) possible answers. Select the one the best completes each sentence and then mark your answer on the answer sheet.(15 points) 16._______can help but be fascinated by the world into which he is taken by the science fiction. a.everybody b.anybody c.somebody d.nobody 17.culture is defined as_____complex whole which includes belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by_____man as a member of_____society. a.the;/;the b.a;the;/ c.the;/;the d.a;/;/ 18.the emphasis on data gathered first-hand. Combined with a cross-cultural perspective____to the analysis of cultures past and present, makes this study a unique and distinctly important social science. a.bringing b.brought c.being brought d.to be brought 19.a safety analysis____the target as a potential danger. Unfortunately. It was never done. a.would identify b.will identify c.would have identified d.will have identified 20.for there____successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement in the discussion itself by all present a.is b.to be c.will be d deing 21.some buildings that were destroyed and heavily damaged in the earthquake last year_____in violation of the city’s building code. a.were constructed b.were being constructed c.had been constructed d.were to be constructed 22.the strength of a country’s economy is bound up with the efficiency of its agriculture and industry, and this____rests upon the efforts of scientists and technologists. A.in turn b by chance c.in addition d.to some extent 23.doctrs see a connection between increased amounts of leisure time spent____and the increased number of cases of skin cancer. a.to sunbathe b.to have sunbathed c.having sunbathed d.sunbathing 24.we hope the measures to control prices,____taken by the government. Will succeed. a.when b.as c.since d.after 25.____my return, l learned that professor smith had been at the museum and would not be back for several hours. a.at b.on c.with d.during 26.our moderm civilization must not be thought of as ____in a short period of time. a.being created b.to have been created c.having been created d.to be created 27.had paul received six more votes in the last election. He_____our chairman now. a.were b.would be c.must have been d.would have been 28.substantial efforts to increase crude oil production must be made if fuel shortages_____avoided a.can be b.will be c.are to be d.have been 29.the semantic differences between the two sentences are so trivial as hardly______. a.explained b.to be explained c.being explained d.to explain 30.____to my amazement, be burst out language before so many distinguished guests. a.much b.more c.too much d.much more ll.reading comprehension directions:this section consists of 2 reading texts, each of them is followed by a number of questions ore unfinished statements based on its content. After you read each text. Select the best answer to each question and mark your answer o the answer sheet.(10 points) text a Plants are subject to attack and infection by a remarkable variety of symbiotic species and have evolved a diverse array of mechanisms to frustrate the potential colonists; these can be divided into pre-formed or passive defense mechanisms and inducible or active systems. Passive plant defense comprises physical and chemical barriers that prevent entry of pathogens, such as bacteria, or render tissues unpalatable or toxic to the invader. The external surfaces of plants, in addition to deing covered by an epidermis and a waxy cuticle, often carry spiky hairs known as trichomes, which either prevent feeding by insects or may even puncture and kill insect larvae, other trichomes are sticky and glandular and effectively trap and immobilize insects. If the physical barriers of the plant are breached, then pre-formed chemicals may inhibit or kill the intruder and plant tissues contain a diverse array of toxic or potentially toxic substances, such as resins, tannins, glycosides, and alkaloids, many of which are highly effective deterrents to insects that feed on plants. The success of the colorado beetle in infesting potatoes, for example, seems to be correlated with its high tolerance to alkaloids that normally repel potential pests. Other possible chemical defenses, while not directly toxic to the parasite, may inhibit some essential step in the establishment of a parasitic relationship. For example. Glycoproteins in plant cell walls may be inactive enzymes that degrade cell walls. These enzymes are often produced by bacteria or fungi. Active plant defense mechanisms are comparable to the immune system of vertebrate animals. Although the cellular and molecular bases are fundamentally different. Both however, are triggered in reaction to intrusion, implying that the host has sone means of recognizing the presence of a foreign organism, the most dramatic example of an inducible plant defense reaction is the hypersensitive response in the hypersensitive response, cell undergo rapid necrosis, that is, they become diseased and die after being penetrated by a parasite; the parasite itself subsequently ceases to grow and is therefore restricted to one or a few cells around the entry site several theories have been put forward to explain the basis of hypersensitive resistance. 31.what does the passage mainly discuss? a.the success of parasites in resisting plant defense mechanisms. b.theories on active plant defense mechanisms. C.the major functions of plant defense mechanisms. d.the immune system of animals and the defense mechanisms of plants. 32.the word “puncture” as underlined in paragraph l is closest in meaning to____ a.pierce b.pinch c.sourround d.cover 33.the word”which” as underlined in paragraph 2 refers to______ a.tissues b.substances c.barriers d.insects 34.which of the following substances does the author mention as not necessarily being toxic to the colorado beetle? a.resins b.tannins c.glycosides d.alkaloids 35.the passage most probably continues with a discussion of theories on________ a.the basis of passive plant defense b.the inhibitive effects of chemicals on a parasitic relationship c.the way in which plants produce toxic chemicals d.the principles of the hypersensitive response text b the unseeing eye the old man stood there at a loss, his sunken eyes staring at the man seated behind the table. Raising his hand, he wiped the sweat from his forehead and heavily winkled face. He didn’t use the traditional kerchief and headband as usual, though he could feel the sweat running down his temple and neck, and he gave no reply the man seated behind the table who went on asking him,” why did you go in opening all the doors of the wards looking for your wife? Why didn't you come directly to enquires?” the old man kept silent. Why, though, was the man seated behind the table continuing to open one drawer after another/ his eyes busy watching him? He said, “l came here the day before yesterday wanting the hospital and looking for the mother of my children” the man seated behind the table muttered irritably blaming himself for not having ever learned how to ask the right question, how to get a conversation going, and why it was that his question, full of explanations, and sometimes of annoyance, weren’t effective. He puffed at his cigarette as he enquired in exasperation, “what’s your wife’s name?” the old man at once replied,” zeinab mohamed the man seated behind the table began flipping through the pages of the thick ledger; each time he turned over a page there was a loud noise that was heard by everyone in the waiting room. He went on flipping though the pages of his ledger, pursing his lips listlessly, then nervously, as he kept bringing the ledger close to his face until finally he said, your wife came in here the day before yesterday? The old man in relief at once answered, “yes, sir, when her heart came to a stop.” Once again irritated, the man seated behind the table mumbled to himself,” had her heart stopped she wouldn’t be here, neither would you. With his eyes still on the ledger, he said, “she’s in ward 4, but it’s not permitted for you to enter her ward because there are other women there yawning, he called to the nurse learning against the wall. She came forward, in hrhand a paper cup from which she was drinking motioning which his heat to the man he said, “ward number 4-zeinab mohamed.” The nurse walked ahead, without raising her mouth frpm the cup, the old ma asked himself how it was that this woman worked in a hospital that was crammed with men, even though she spoke Arabic. Having arrived at the ward. The nurse left him outside after telling him to wait; then, after a while, she came out and said to him, “there are two women called zeinab mohamed, one of them, though, has only one eye. Which one is your wife so that l can call her? The old man was thrown into confusion. One eye? How am l to know? He tried to recall what his wife zeinab looked like, with her long gown and black headdress, the veil, and sometimes the black covering enveloping her face and sometimesremoved and lying on her neck. He could picture her as she walked and sat, chewing a morsel and then taking it out of her mouth so as to place it in that of her first-born. Her children. One eye. How am l to know? He could picture her stretched out on the bed, her eyes closed. The old man was thrown into confusion and found himself saying,” when l call her, she’ll know my voice,” the nurse doubted whether he was in fact visiting his wife; however, giving him another glance; she laughed at her suspicions and asked him,” how long have the two of you been married? Again, he was confused as he said,”allah knows best—thirty, forty years„ 36.what does the title of the passage suggest? a.the old man had very poor vision. b.the old man’s wife had an eye problem c.the old man failed to see what he should have seen d.the old man’s wife was noteasy to recognize. 37(Which of the following can be inferred about the old man seated behind the table? a.he showed much tolerance to the old man. b.he often put on airs before of lower status. c.he refused to respond to the old man’s enquiries. d.he seemed to lose his patience too easily. 38.the word muttered in line l , paragraph 2 means______ a.complained b.denoted c.groaned d.refuted 39.which of the following words best describes the old man’s mood when he could not answer the nurse’s questons? a.surprised b.puzzled c.lrritated d.reserved 40.which of the following may least reveal the old man’s arabian identity? a.his religious belief b.his attitude toward the nurse c.his memories of his apouse d.his kerchief and headband lll. Cloze test directions: fill in each of the numbered blanks in the following text with one word that is appropriate to context.. write down all your answers in the space provided on the answer sheet. (10 points) in the united states, there is a belief that people are rewarded for working, producing and achieving, many people_____that there is equality of opportunity that____ anyone to become successful. This belief is illustrated by stories written by____19th –century american novelist, horatio alger, who wrote about the american dream. In his stories he desscribed poor people____became rich because of their hard work, honesty and luck, the stories reinforced the____that all indivduals, on matter how poor, were____of becoming wealthy as long as they were____and virtuous____many americans, horayio alger’s rags-to-riches stories do not____the reality of opportunity, many poor immigrants who came to the united states in the 19th and 20th centuries were able to____on the social and economic scales. Today, _____, the poor generally do not rise to the middle and upper classes. The american dream is now described____a myth. There are some people, however, who do succeed in ____their economic and social levels, “upward mobility” and climbing the ladder” are terms that____to one’s advancement in work. Many employees have a succession have a succession of jobs____constitute a career. Some businesses, organizations and government and government agencies provide employees with the____to progress to higher positions. Promotions and increased responsibility generally____higher salaries. Rewards for achievement in work are personal as well as financial. There is increased job satisfaction_____employees have the opportunity to develop creative and intellectual skills. Gaining____from fellow workers, supervisors and managers gives one a____of importance and identity in society. 西安外国语大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题 西安外国语大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试题 第一部分 基础英语 l. multiple-choice questions (30 points) section a vocabulary(10 points) directions: in this section there are ten incomplere sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices labeled [a], , [c] or [d]. select the one that best fits in with each context and write your answer sheet. 1. the mayor is a woman with great____and therefore deserves our political and financial support. a.intention b.flourished c.vanished d.intensity 2.the flowers____from lack of water. a.withered b.flourished c.vanished d.stopped growing 3.one way of cutting down waste is to____such things as glass and paper a.repeat b.renew c.recycle d.reproduce 4.at the inauguration ceremony. The newly elected president_____his speech with a few words of thanks to his supporters. a.preceded b.proceeded c.precluded d.advanced 5.the rescue was_____after several attempts because the snowstorm was getting worse. a.deserted b.abandoned c.ceased d.rejected 6.he failed to carry out some of the provisions of the contrast, and now he has to_____the consequences. a.answer for b.run into c.abide by d.step into 7.l _______with thanks the help of my colleagues in the preparation of this new column. a.express b.confess c.verify d.acknowledge 8.from this material we can_____hundreds of what you may call direct products. a.derive b.discem c.diminish d.displace 9.language, oulture, and personality may be considered_____of each other in thought, but they are inseparable in fact. a.indistinctly b.separately c.irrelevantly d.independently 10.christmas is a christian holy day usually celebrated on december 25th______the birth of jesus christ a.in accordance with b.in terms of c.in favor of d.in honor of section b grammatical structure (10 points) directions: in this section there are ten incomplete sentences, each followed by four possible answer. Choose the one that best completes each sentence and write your answer on the answer sheet. 11.specialization can seen as_____response to_____problem of_____increasing accumulation of scientific knowledge. a.a:the:the b.a:the:an c./:the:an d.the:the:/ 12.one difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match.____this is meat that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation. a.in b.for c.by d.with 13.intellect is to the mind______soul is to the body. a.as b.since c.if d.what 14.humans have the ability to modify the environment in which they live, _____other life forms to their own peculiar ideas and fancies. a.subjecting b.to subject c.having subjected d.to have subjected 15.in the early industrialized countries of europe, the process of industrialization was spread over nearly a century, _____a developing nation nowadays underwent the same process in a decade or so. a.just as b.thereby c.whereas d.nevertheless 16.for there______successful communication, there must be attentiveness and involvement itself by all present. a.is b.to be c.will be d.being 17.without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge_____our thinking. a.which to be based on b.which to base on c.upon which to base d.to which to be based 18.sometimes patients suffering from severe pain can be helped by” drugs” that aren’t really drugs at all_____sugar pills that contain no active chemical elements. a.or rather b.rather than c.but rather d.other than 19.five minutes earlier, ____we would have caught the last train. a.and b.or c.but d.so 20.in the course of a day, students do far more than just_____classes a.attend b.attended c.to attend d.attending section c logic and rheroric (10 points) directions: each of the following sentences contains one underlined part. Beneath each sentence, there are four ways of phrasing the underlined part, labeled [a], , [c] or [d]. Select the best version and write your answer on the answer sheet. 21.in the traditional Japanese household. Most clothing could be packed flatly and so it was not necessarv to have elaborate cloaet facilities. a.flat, and so no elaborate closet facilities were necessary. b.flatly, and so no elaborate closet facilities were needed c.flat, and so there was no need for elaborate closet facilities d.flatly, and so elaborate closet facilities were needless 21.according to his own account, frederic-auguste bartholdi, the sculptor of the statute of liberty, modeled the face of the statue like his mother’s and the bodv like his wife’s. a.modeled the face of the statue like his mother and the body like his wife b.made the face of the statue after his mother and the body after his wife c.modeled the face of the statue after his mother’s and the body after his wife’s d.made the face of the statue like his mother’s and the body like his wife’s 23.a collection of 38 poems by phillis wheatley. A slave. Was published in the 1770’s the first book by a black by a black woman and it was only the second published by an american woman. a.it was only the second that an, American woman published b.only the second published by an American woman c.the second one only published by an American woman d.the second book that an American woman only published 24.there is ample evidence, derived from the lore of traditional folk medicine, that naturally occurring antibiotics are usually able to be modified to make them a more effective drug. a.are usually able to be modified to make them more effective drugs b.are usually able to be modified, which makes them more effective drugs c.can usually be modified to make them a more effective drug d.can usually be modified to make them more effective drugs 25.for many people. Household labor remains demanding even if able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. a.despite being able to afford household appliances their grandparents would find a miracle. b.although they could afford household appliances their grandparents would find miraculous c.even if they are able to afford household appliances which would have been a miracle to their grandparents d.even of they can afford household appliances their grandparents would have found miraculous ll. cloze test (20 points) directions: read the following text and fill in each numbered blank with one appropriate word. Write your answers on the answer sheet. Men have traveled ever since they first appeared on the earth. In primitive times they did not travel for pleasure but to______new places where their herds could feed, or to escape from_____neighbors, or to find more_____climates they traveled on foot. Their_____were long, tiring and often dangerous. They protected themselves with simple_____such as wooden sticks or stone clubs, and by lighting fires at night and, ____all. By keeping together. Being intelligent and creative, they soon_____easter ways of traveling, they_____on the backs of their domesticated animals; they hollowed out tree____and. By using bits of wood____paddles, were able to travel across water. Later they traveled, not from necessity, but____the joy and excitement of seeing and experiencing new things, which is still the main_____why we travel today. Traveling, of course, has now become a____organized business. There are cars and splendid roads, express trains, huge ships and jet airliners; all of____provide us_____comforts and security. This sounds wonderful.______there are difficulties. If you want to go____you need a passport and a visa, tickets, luggage, and a hundred and one____ things. If you lose any of them. Your journey may be_____ Scientists have invented machines that can explore_____space, eventually there will be cheap day excursions to the moon and honeymoons on venus. People will be able to fly from one planet to another in nasty little arrow-shaped tubes, l say “people” because l have no intention of being one of them. Ill: reading comprehension(30 points) Directions: in this section there are three reading texts, followed by fifteen multiple-choice questions. Read each text carefully and select the best answer to each question. Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following text. The world has spent on preparations for war more than ,112 billion a year, roughly ,450 per head for every man, woman. And child in the world let us consider for a moment what could be done with this sum of money if it were spent on peace and not on war. Some of it, at any rate, in the more prosperous countries, could be spent on the reduction of taxation. The rest should be spent in ways that will at the same time, be of benefit to mankind and a solution to the economic problem of conversion from war industry to the expansion of peace industries, as to this expansion. Let us begin with the most elementary of all needs, namely food, at present. The majority of mankind suffers from undernourishment. And in view of the population explosion, this situation is likely to grow worse in the coming decades a very small part of what is now being spent upon armaments would rectify our predicament not only could the American surplus of grain. Which was for man yeas uselessly destroyed, be spent in relief of famine, but by irrigation, large regions now desert could be made fertile, and by improvement in transport, distribution from regions of excess to regions of scarcity could be facilited. Hosing, even in the richest countries, is often disastrously inadequare, this could be remedied by a tiny fraction of what is being spent on missiles, education everywhere, but especially in the newly liberated countries of Africa and Asia demands an expenditure many times as great as that which it receives at present. But it is not only greater expenditure that is needed in education, if the terror of war were removed, science could be devoted to improving human welfare. Instead of to the invention of increasingly expensive methods of mutual slaughter, and schools would no longer think it a part of their duty to promote hatred of possible enemies by means of ignorance tempered by lies. By the help of modem techniques, the world could enter upon a period of happiness and prosperity far surpassing anything known in previous history. All this is possible. It requires only a different outlook on international affairs and a different state of mind toward these nations which are now regarded as enemies. This is possible, l repeat but it cannot be done all at once to reverse the trend of affairs in the most powerful nation of the world is no light task and will require a difficult process of reeducation. 46.which of the following words can best describe the author? a.utoplan b.radical c.indifferent d.pragmatic 47.according to the text, schools at the present time_____ a.often have ignorant studets b.have to make uce of enemies for the target of hatred c.have to make use of lies to gain a certain purpose d.only need more lies to carry out their duty 48.it can be learned from the text that the problem of undemourishment will become______ a.more critical because america destroys it surplus goods b.worse because large regions are desert c.more critical because the population increases dramatically d.worse beeause more are spent on preparations for war 49.it can be inferred from the text that_____ a.by diverting some or all of the money spent on preparations for war peaceful purpose can easily be achieved b.people need to change their present viewpoint so as to line in happiness and harmony in the world c.science has always been properly applied d.our world will soon become a more prosperous and happier one 50.the word “rectify” (in line 10, para.1)most probably means______ a.correct b.rely on c.recede d.prove questions 51 to 55 are based on the following text. With its common interest in lawbreaking but its immense range of subject matter and widely-varying methods of treatment, the crime novel could make a legitimate claim to be regarded as a separate branch of literature, or at least as a distinct even though a slightly disreputable, offshoot of the traditional novel. The detective story is probably the most respectable(at any rate in the narrow sense of the word) of the crime species its creation is often the relaxation of university teachers, literary economists, scientists or even poets, fatalities may occur more frequently and mysteriously than might be expected in polite society, but the world in which they happen the village, aeaside resort, college or studio, is familiar to us, if not from our own experience, at least in the newspaper or the lives of friends the characters, though normally realized superficially, are as recognizably human and consistent as our less intimate associates a story set in a more remote environment African jungle or Australian bush ancient china or gas-lit London, appeals to our interest in geography or history and most detective story writers are conscientious in providing a reasonably authentic background the elaborate carefully assembled plot despised by the modem intellectual critics and creators of significant novels, has found refuge in the murder mystery with its sprinkling of cues, its spicing with apparent impossibilities, all with appropriate solutions and explanations at the end. With the guilt of escapism from real life nagging gently, we secretly revel in the unmasking of evil by a vaguely super-human detective who sees through and dispels the cloud of suspicion which has hovered so unjustly over the innocent. Though its villain also receives his rightful deserts the thriller presents a iess comfortable and credible world. The sequence of fist fights, revolver duels car crashes and escapes from gas-filled cellars exhausts the reader far more than the hero, who, suffering from at least two broken ribs, one black eye. Uncountable bruises and a hangover, can still chase and overpower an armed villain with the physique of a wrestler, he moves dangerously through a world of ruthless gangs brutality a vicious list for power and money and, in contrast to the detective tale, with a near-omniscient arch-criminal whose defeat seems almost accidental. Perhaps we miss in the thriller the security of being safely led by our imperturbable investigator past a score of red herrings and blind avenues to a final gathering or suspeots when an unchallengeable elucidation of all that has bewildered us is given and justice and goodness prevail all that we vainly hope for from life is granted vicariously. 51.the crime novel may be regarded as______ a.a not quite respectable form of the conventional novel b.not a true novel at all c.related in some ways to the historical novel d.an independent development of the novel 52.the text suggests that intellectuals write detective stories decause_______ a.the stories are often in fact very instructive b.they enjiy writing these syories c.the oreation of these stories demands considerable intelligence d.detective stories are an accepted branch of literature 53.what feature of the detective story is said to isqualify it from respectful consideration by intellectual critics? a.the many seeming impossible events b.the fact that the guilty are always found out and the innocent cleared c.the existence of a neat closely-knit story d.the lack of interest in genuine character revelations 54.one of the most incredible characteristics of the hero of a thriller is____ a.his exciting life b.his amazing toughness c.his ability to escape from dangerous situations d.the way he deals with his enemies 55.in what way are the detective story and thriller unlike? a.in introducing violence b.in providing excitement and suspense c.in appealing to the intellectual curiosity of the reader d.in ensuring that everything comes right in the end questions 56 to 60 are based on the following text. Of all the American Jewish writers who have poured forth their creative efforts in the golden medina, none has achieved more recognition from his literary peers than saul bellow, bom in Quebec in 1915, raised in Montréal and Chicago, he received a trilingual heritage of Yiddish English and French trained as an anthropologist at northwester and Chicago universities he taught creative writing at Princeton before being appointed to the committee on social thought at the university of Chicago there he has made his home, and his most august works stem from that mid-western locus. A biographical sketch is essential because the reading of Mr. Bellow’s works involves some study in the fields of anthropology, social thought, creative writing and in the various literary cultures of French, English, and Yiddish, the last, the Yiddish culture, bellow’s protestations to the contrary, permeates all his writing he has become the great success that all his less popular and less materially successful Yiddish compatriots tried for, yet failed, as suggested by Cynthia Ozick in her remarkable story envy, or Yiddish in America, because they lacked a good translator, bellow does not need any translator; he represents the generation of American Jews whose secular education was not only as good as their gentile neighbors, but whose digestion and interpretation of American culture was markedly superior. One work that perhaps best reveals bellow’s search for understanding his own literary success, and the resultant success (he was awarded the Nobel prize for literature in 1976) of jewish writers during the third quarter of this century, is Humboldt’s gift(1975) Through the character of von Humboldt Fleisher, bellow excavates the scarred relationship he shared with the brilliant but self-defeating Delmore Schwartz his New York literary parent. He still writes, and his writing though not as overwhelming in its greatness as it once was, still inspires the reader, who learns that reading Saul bellow is an education into the mysteries of the universe, taught by a fellow Jew, whose vision of the possibility of human greatness and the penchant for human failure is singularly distinct and penetratingly clear. 56.what does the author infer about Saul bellow’s skills as a writer? a.he had a better translator than his peers. b.he had a better knowledge of language than his peers c.his education made him a better writer than other Jewish American writers d.his strong background and education allowed him to be more successful than his peers 57.why is a biographical sketch of Saul bellow necessary according to the author? a.to leam of all his works b.to explain what the sources of the stories are c.to understand the influences of the Yiddish culture d.to understand his character better in its full depth 58.the word”secular” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _____ a.relidious b.comprehensive c.philosophical d.non-religious 59.what does the author seem to suggest is true of bellow and his works? a.bellow’s Yiddish culture highly influenced his work although bellow didn’t think it did b.bellow was aware of his Yiddish influence on his work and knew it permeated his writing c.bellow ignored his Yiddish influence and thus was able to write more as an American d.bellow’s education was more important than his Yiddish influence 60.the author’s opinion of bellow’s works seems to suggest that_____ a.his early works are greater but his latest works are still worth reading b.his best works are his latest because they inspire us c.his works inspire us equally d.his works all relate the Jewish American experience 引 用 回 复 TOP