新概念三册(上)笔记

新概念三册(上)笔记 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Lesson 1 A puma at large Spot 1) pick out (one person or thing from many ) 一眼看到 He spotted his own one out among the piles of wallets. 2) 使沾上污渍 stain (污点、污迹) He boots were spotted with mud. He spotted his reputation by lying repeatedly. 他总是撒谎，使自己的名誉沾上污点。 On the spot 当场、立即 Anyone breaking the rules will be asked to leave on the spot. 任何犯规的人都要立即离场。 The kidnapper was killed on the spot. 绑匪当场被击毙。 Evidence 证据(n.) proof Documentary evidence is needed to show that he has owed you the sum of money. 需要书面证据证明他欠了你这笔钱。 There is human testimony and material evidence ,leaving no room for you to justify yourself. 人证物证俱在，你已经无法为自己辩解了。 Accumulate gradually get or gather together an increasing number or quantity of (sth.) 1) 及物动词 (经过长时间的积累) By investing wisely ,she accumulated a fortune. 通过明智的投资，她积累了大量的财富。 Make a fortune 发财 2) 不及物动词 Little by little ,his vocabulary began to accumulate. 一点点地，他的词汇量越积越多。 Amass to collect sth. especially in large quantities Collect 做积累讲(通用) bring or gather sth. together Oblige be obliged to do sth. = have to do sth. I was obliged to abandon that idea. 我不得不放弃那个想法。 The scandal obliged the minister to resign. 这一丑闻迫使部长辞职。 Feel obliged to do sth.= consider it necessary to do sth. 感觉必须做某事 She felt obliged to keep the secret to herself. Hunt v. 狩猎;猎食;搜寻 hunting a rat Blackberry 黑莓 ; strawberry 草莓 ; blueberry 蓝莓 Human being = humanity Corner 1)困境(n.) They have forced him into a corner. 他们使他陷入了困境。 2)vt.使陷入困境 Beasts are dangerous when they are cornered. 野兽一旦陷入绝境就会变得很危险。 Trail 1) 痕迹; = trace The hounds found the trail of the fox. 猎犬发现了狐狸的踪迹。 2)a trail of 一连串 The wagon left a trail of dust. 大篷车过处扬起一串灰尘。 1 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Cling 1) 粘着;缠着 He was wet through and his clothes clung to his body. 2) 依附;依恋 The little girl clings to her mother . 小女孩粘着妈妈不放。 3) 坚持;坚守 I am not a man who clings to old ideas. 我不是一个墨守陈规的人。 Cling to principles 坚守原则 Convince He convinced me of his innocence. 他使我相信他是无辜的。 I was convinced of his innocence . be convinced of + 名词 \ + that + 宾语从句 Somehow somehow he was afraid of her. Somewhat 有点 ; a little bit 有点、一丁点 in the mood 在状态; out of mood 不在状态 He is somewhat disappointed. 他有点失望。 Disturb 1) 扰乱 I?m sorry to disturb you so early . 对不起，我这么早打扰你。 They were charged with disturbing the public peace. 2)使心神不宁 She was disturbed to hear you had been injured in the accident. Lesson 2 Thirteen equals one Plus\ add \and 加 minus 减 multiply \ times (prep.)乘 divided by 除 Equals \ is equal to \ is \ makes 等于 New words and expressions Equal vt. 等于、相等、相匹敌 adj. 相等的、相同的、匹配的 e.g. All men all created equal . 人人生而平等。 Women are demanding equal pay for equal work .女人们要求同工同酬。 be equal to 与…想等 n.匹敌者 be with equal 无与伦比 A: I am not equal to you. B: You are a girl without equal in my heart.. 相关短语: be equal to sth. \ doing sth. 能胜任… She feels equal to the task. 她觉得自己可以胜任这份工作。 Vicar n. 牧师 an Anglican priest who is in charge of a church and the areas around it Monk 和尚 nun 尼姑 、修女 Raise vt. 1)筹集、筹款 e.g. We are raising money for charitable. 2)举起、提高 The cat raises its tail. 3)饲养、抚养 They were both raised in Beijing. 他们两个都是在北京长大的。 Raise doubts \ fears \ suspicions, etc . in people?s minds 2 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 心里升起了疑虑、 恐惧、 猜疑 The earthquake raised fears in people?s minds. 辨析:raise(认为抬升) \ rise (自己升) to raise salaries \ to raise the rent The sun rises at seven o?clock . Torchlight n. 电筒光 Lamplight 灯光 candlelight 烛光 moonlight 月光 sunlight 阳光 Language points and text analyses 1?sb.+ be always doing sth. (多贬义) 有抱怨情绪 ——某人总是做某事 Be forever doing sth. (多贬义) Never fail to do sth. (多褒义，若用于贬义多讽刺) Many people are always complaining , but seldom do anything practical. 2?one or another 这样或那样 for one reason or another 因为这样或那样的原因 In one way or another 因为这样或那样的方法 on one occasion or another 各种各样的场合 E.g. We will get one reward or another so long as we work hard. 3?Manage to do 表示“设法做某事”类似的短语有 :try to do sth. \ try one?s best to do 4?have sth. done 表示“使某事被做”，动作的执行者一般不是主语 比较:I „m gonna repair my computer this afternoon. (被自己修) I?m gonna have my computer repaired this afternoon.(被别人修) 5?He used not to like English ,but he quite likes it. Be used to doing 习惯于做某事 used to do 过去常常做某事 be used to do (被动语态)被用来做… 6?如何写长 句子 关于阅读的唯美句子关于古风的唯美句子执行力的经典句子鼓励人努力奋斗的句子用沉默代替一切的句子 :A句子+B句子 (两个句子主语一致) (plan A)加连词，如and ,or , when , because …. (plan B) 将其中一个句子变成从句 (plan C)非谓语动词 ——非谓语动词的逻辑主语与主句主语保持一致(作状语):动词不定式(to do )——表将来 ;现在分词 v-ing ——表主动语态;过去分词 V-ed ——表被动语态 将两个句子变为一个句子:第一步:去掉连词或句号; 第二步:去相同主语 ;第三步:弱化相同动词 注意:两个句子的连词如果不是and ,则弱化带连词的一句;两句时态不一致时，一般弱化先发生的动作 7?be armed with….以…武装 We should arm ourselves with useful knowledge as much as possible. 8?in 1)prep,与表达感情色彩的名词相搭配，在句中起状语的作用。 3 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 In surprise ; in amazement ; in anger ; in despair ; in disappointment ; in delight; in sarrow 2)prep 表达“以、用…”，用于语言，书写 材料 关于××同志的政审材料调查表环保先进个人材料国家普通话测试材料农民专业合作社注销四查四问剖析材料 ，色彩或声音等方面 In English ; in a few words; in pencil; in ink ; in red ;in such a high voice 3)用于状态、情况或处境 In trouble; in difficulty ; in bed ; in a hurry; in debt ;in love with sb. ; in tears ; in good heath ; in the good mood; in poverty 9?as…as…同级比较 As clear as crystal 像水晶一样清澈 as clear as day 一清二楚、显而易见 sth. is as clear as day As good as new 完好如新 as late as yesterday 就在昨日 as fresh as paint 精神饱满 Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs Double personality 双重人格 double life 双重生活 double-dealer 两面派 Manual adj.体力的 Manual work 体力劳动 blue collar wage(体力劳动者工资)overalls(特指体力劳动者工作服) Mental work 脑力劳动 white collar salary (脑力劳动者的工资、月薪) suit (脑力劳动者的工作服) Collar n. 衣领 White –collar workers blue-collar workers pink-collar workers golden-collar workers Sacrifice v. 牺牲 sacrifice A for B 为B牺牲A sacrifice A to do B 牺牲A 去做B Make a sacrifice to … 为..而做出牺牲 Privilege n. 好处 ; 特权 Dustman n. 清洁工 milkman 送奶工 policeman 警察 Ultraman 奥特曼 ultraviolet light 紫外线 ultrasound \ ultrasonic sound 超声 ultrahigh 特别高 Corporation n. 公司 > company ;firm Overalls n. 工作服 Overall adj.\ adv. 全面的(地)， 综合的(地) overall effect Shower n. 淋浴 \ 阵雨 take a shower \ take a bath Secret n.秘密 keep secret 保密 It?s between you and me . I?ll keep it to myself . in secret 私下里 I was told about it in secret. 课文: 1? far more than 远多于 4 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Far 程度副词，修饰adj. 或者adv. 的比较形式 These days ,people who work in filmdom often receive far more money than ordinary people. 2? be referred to ….被称为… 主动语态: refer to sb. as sth. 3?Such is the world! 这就是世界。 Lesson 3 An unknown goddess Prosperous adj. successful or thriving,, esp financially 成功的; 兴旺的; 繁荣的 a prosperous country ,businessman ,industry 繁荣昌盛的国家，事业成功的商人，兴旺发达的工业 gracious adj. 有礼貌的;大方的 e.g. a gracious lady 落落大方的女士 sacred v. 1) connected with or dedicated to God or a god; connected with religion 神圣的;宗教的 2)受崇敬的;不可冒犯的 Her marriage is sacred to her. 她认为自己的婚姻是至高无上的。 近义词——religious adj. 宗教的;宗教上的 e.g. a religious service 宗教仪式 Respected adj. 受人尊敬的 e.g. a highly respected politician \ doctor Holy adj. 神圣的 He lived a holy life. 他过着圣洁的生活。 Classical adj. 1) 古希腊与古罗马文学艺术的;受古希腊与古罗马艺术影响的 2)古典的 (风格严谨而传统的);古希腊与古罗马艺术的研究 Traditional adj. 传统的;习惯的 Graceful adj. 1)优雅的 2)pleasing in both style and attitude ;polite and considerate 得体的，礼貌而周到的 His refusal was worded in such a graceful way that we could not be offended.她婉言谢绝，无损于我们颜面。 近义词:elegant adj. (相貌或仪态)优雅的、文雅的、高雅的 an elegant woman ,coat, style of writing 一个文雅的女人;一件高雅的衣服;一种优美的文风 课文: 1?at one time 曾经 2?enjoy a high level of civilization 享有高度文明 3?N,定从，主句——n. , 插入语， 主句 4?be even equipped with 辅设;装备 equipment 设备 5?there be —— N +V e.g. There are hundreds of people watching the film in the open. Hundreds of people gathered in the open to watch the film. 数百人在露天看电影。 5 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 There are volumes of dictionaries on the shelf. Volumes of the dictionaries line the shelf. 书架上有一排排的字典。 There is a lonely island on the middle of the sea. A lonely island emerges from the sea. 海中央有一个孤岛。 There is a dangerous spy among us. A dangerous spy is planted among us. 一个危险地间谍在我们中间。 6?区分:statue 塑像 status 身份;地位 7?dating from = date back to 追溯到 8?happen to do 碰巧发生 9?miss 诗 I always miss you , so I miss you, so I miss you, so I miss you. 我总是逃避你，所以我错过了你，以至于我失去了你，因此我想你。 10?turn out to do 出乎意料 e.g. Sometimes things don?t turn out the way we think they?re going to . 有时候事情出乎意料。 asitturnsout…\ turn out that…\ turn out to be +adj. \ do 11?Although + 句子 = Despite + 名词 (后者在英语中更高级) Although there is not enough steel, industrial output has increased by two percent. Despite a shortage of steel, industrial output has increased by two percent. Lesson 4 The double life of Alfred Bloggs 完全倒装 主语——系词(be)——表语 主语——谓语——介词开头地点状语 表语——系词——主语 地点状语——谓语——主语 1、 以介词开头或方位副词的地点状语置于句首 1?The soldier marched on the bridge, On the bridge marched the soldier. 2?The microphone is in my hand. In my hand is the microphone. 3?He rushed out. 6 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Out rushed he. 2、 such 位于句首的完全倒装 (将指示代词this \that\these\those等替换为such) 1?These are my future dreams. Such are my future dreams. 2?This is the calendar we use today. Such is the calendar we use today. 3、 表语位于句首的完全倒装 1?A poor monkey is tied to the tree. Tied to the tree is a poor monkey. 一只可怜的猴子被拴在树上。 2?The person who is too busy to worry in the day-time and too sleep to worry at night is blessed. Blessed is the person who is too busy to worry in the day-time and too sleep to worry at night. 白天忙得没有时间担心，晚上困得无法担心的人是幸福的。 3?The days when you did not need to worry about your future are gone. Gone are the days when you did not need to worry about your future. 不不需要担心自己未来的日子已经远去了。 用于描述人\事的特点: Such is human nature that….. Such is the rule of nature that…... Such is human nature that a great many people always long for what they don?t have.. 许多人渴望自己没有的东西，这是人性之本。 Such is the rule of nature that the fittest survive. 适者生存，这就是自然法则。 give rise to 引起，发生 to为介词，后+n ，或v-ing in the case of “在…情况下;就…而言” It is a kind of story that we think of as myth. But in the case of franklin ,the story is true. In case of \ in case 万一;假如;以防 I take an umbrella everyday in case that it would rain. Get\be married to sb. \ marry sb. \ divorce with sb. The Father married them. 神父为他们证婚。 Dress 常用词组为 be dressed in 意思为“穿着….” Change into 把…变成…. At last ,she changed into the foam of the sea. Take a shower \ take a bath——盆浴 For +时间段作时间状语时句子可以使用任何时态。 用时态表示“过去”、“现在”、“将来”的概念 I never loved you, and never will. Taiwan was, is and always will be Chinese territory. Will be doing 将来进行时，表将来正在发生的事 倍数表达法: n. times + as…as 是…的N倍 The earth is 49 times as large as the moon. 7 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 n. time +比较级 +than 比…多N倍 The earth is 48 times larger than the moon. Asia is four times as large as Europe. Asia is three times larger than Europe. \ doing be not worth mentioning 不值一提 be worth sth. \ doing be worthy of sth. be not worth the candle 得不偿失 be not worth talking about 不足挂齿、何足道哉 from now on 从现在起 from then on 从那时起——后多用完成时 Mr. +姓氏 sir + 全名 1主谓一致:?A collar and tie is important to men. A collar and a tie are found in the car. 2?A knife and fork is essential in western food culture. 西方饮食文化中刀叉的地位很重要。 A knife and a fork are used in the game. Lesson 5 The facts Extreme n. 极端 extreme measures \ opinions \ sports 极端的措施 \ 想法 \ 极限运动 Go to extremes to do sth. \ extremely 走极端 In order to lose weight, she even went to extremes to fast. Statistics n. 数字 (此单词做“统计学”讲时谓语动词用单数) diabetes 糖尿病 physics 物理 shorts 短裤 Journalist n. 记者 reporter 报告人;评论员 correspondent 记者;通讯员 TV presenter 电视节目主持人 host\ hostess 男主持人 ;女主持人 journal 日志 President n. 总统 preside v. 掌管;领导 Former president 前总统 late president 前总统\ 已故总统 vice president 副总统 Potala palace 布达拉宫 Impatient adj. 不耐烦的 急不可耐看到你: be impatient to see \ know \ find out be eager(急于) to see \ know \ find out fire v.解雇 You are fired! He has been given sack. 8 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 He was dismissed。 He has been suspended from his work. Lay off. 课文: 1?fed sb. with sth. provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. to sb. 2?instruct sb. to do sth. I has been instructed by the boss to collect various facts and…. 3?refused to do 拒绝去做某事 4?lead a …+adj. 过着…的生活 5?inform = tell (前者更加高级) inform sb. of sth. = inform sb. that…. 6?fail to \ unwilling be unwilling to do sth. = be reluctantly to do sth. Many of us have tried to lose weight and failed miserably. 我们当中许多人都试图减肥，都惨遭失败。 7?表达结构多样化: Never have I seen a beautiful girl like you. The more I see you , the more fascinated I am . Only by having you in my life can I feel completed. There is nothing better than seeing everyday. It has been a mystery why youhaven?t felt the same on me. Lesson 6 Smash –and –grab 串起的词——词性变为名词或是形容词: Cat-like animal do-it –yourself a hard-working person a good-looking woman an English-speaking country 说英语的国家 never –ending happiness 无止境的快乐 warm –hearted salesman 热心的售货员 smash v.打碎，粉碎 She dropped the cup and smashed it. Grab v. 抢夺;夺取;霸占 区分:grab 与rob Grab sth. from sb. \ sth. (不一定非法) rob sb.\sth. of sth. (一定非法) Despite the economic crisis ,it sees 2009 as an opportunity to grab market share. Arcade n. 有拱廊的街道 Piccadilly n. 皮卡迪里大街 Rush to purchase 抢购 9 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 123Ring ?铃响 ?环 ?戒指 Ring finger thumb index finger middle finger little finger Velvet n.天鹅绒;丝绒 Velvet feels soft. Velvet paws hide sharp claws.笑里藏刀;口蜜腹剑 Raid n.抢劫;突然袭击 air raid 空袭 raid sb. \sth. The enemy raided the capital city. Scramble v.爬行; 争夺(scramble for sth.) The girl scrambled over the wall. The politicians are scrambling for power. Fantastic adj. 非常大的; 幻想的; 奇异的 Their wedding cost a fantastic amount of money. Fantasy n. 空想;幻想 课文: 过去进行时——背景——故事的开始 Admire 欣赏;钦佩 ;称赞;夸奖 I admire your talent. Don?t forget to admire the little children. Arrange v.安排;排列 Don?t be worry ,I will arrange later. I arranged the books on the shelves. Gaze at 盯住;注视 ——表“看”的动词后介词一律为at He gazed at the photo and tears went down. She stood there, gazing at herself in the mirror. Break silence 打破寂静 They hope that someone would break the silence. Horn n.喇叭;号角 blow one?s own horn 吹牛 Nobody likes him —he is always blowing his own born about how much the girls all chase him. 没有人喜欢他，他总是在吹嘘所有的女孩是如何疯狂的追求他。 the jeweler?s jeweler——the jeweler?s 人——店 tailor ——the tailor?s barber ——the barber?s at the wheel (固定搭配 )“掌舵、控制、指挥、驾驭” steer the wheel 操纵方向盘 10 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 be busy (in)doing = be busy with sth. help oneself to sth. 自便;随意拿取 My mother helped herself to my diary without asking me. At…speed 以…的速度 at high \ full \fantastic speed Get away 侥幸成功;逃脱处罚;逃之夭夭 He eventually got away from the prison. 价值+worth of +东西 重点语法:独立主格结构 1名词代词(逻辑主语)+?非谓语动词——不定式;现在分词;过去分词 2 ?去掉be动词——名词;形容词;副词;介词短语 将主语不一致的两句话变成一句话 将完整的句子变成独立主格(保留主语)，第一步——去掉连接词; 第二步——弱化动词，be动词去掉 1?Because her glasses were broken, she couldn?t see the words on the blackboard. Her glasses broken ,she couldn?t see the words on the blackboard. 2?The four of us agree on a division of labor, so each is to translate a quarter of the book. The four of us agree on a division of labor, each to translate a quarter of the book. 3?Two hundred people died in the accident, and many of them were children. Two hundred people died in the accident, many of them children. 主动表示被动的意义的单词——描述主语性质时主动表被动\后无宾语 (1) wash \ write\ sell\ clean\ measure\ prove\ appear\ read\ act\ cut\ open…… (2) 感官动词\系动词 :feel(摸起来)、taste(尝起来)、look(看起来)、sound(听起来)、smell(闻 起来)、become\ get\ seem…. The coat washes easily. The books sell quickly. Lesson 7 Mutilated ladies Mutilate 1 ?切断(手足等);使残缺不全;使伤残 His body was mutilated and sent to different regions of the country. 2?毁坏;(通过删除等)使(书稿等)支离破碎 Someone mutilated the book by tearing out the illustrations. a mutilated bank note 一张残币 chew work or grind (food) between the teeth Bite off more than one can chew. 贪多嚼不烂。 11 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Reflect upon sth. already said or done ; ponder sth. Some books are to be tasted , other be swallowed , some few to be chewed and digested. ——Francis Bacon 1?words like “chew with your mouth closed ” and “keep your elbows off the table” used to be heard at dinner tables. 2?chew over 深思;细想;熟虑 He chewed over the problem for several days before making his decision. 3?chew gum Fiancé Would –be husband future husband engagement proposal\ propose to the girl bride \groom microwave microwave oven stove cooker electric cooker safe n. 保险箱 ——a safe safety n. 安全 use many locks for safekeeping identify sb. \sth. as sb.\ sth. recognize sb. \sth. (as being the specified person or thing) I cannot identify this signature. She identify the man as her attacker. Sth. with sth. consider sth. to be identical with sth. equate two things vi.感同身受 I identified with the heroine of the novel. 我与小说中的女主人公感同身受。 课文: 1?Have you ever …? Have you ever dreamed of something which takes place the next day? 2?If anything happens to him, let me know. 3?whiter than white Her future was greyer than grey. 她的前景如日落西山一日不如一日。 He is ignorant and indolent , which makes the prospects of his success greyer than grey. 他不学无术又好逸恶劳，成功的前景微乎其微。 Experiencing a great loss may make you sad, but if the sadness becomes out proportion to the event then you fall into depression. Depression is when you become sadder than sad. 抑郁就是极度沮丧的状态。 4?need 实意动词;情态动词; 名词 5?插入语 The snow, he reflected ,would continue to fall and curtained the outlook from the citizen. 他在想，这雪会一直下，市民们的视野会被遮断的。 The automobile , all of us could see, showed down to go around the curves in the road.. 我们所有人都能看见，汽车在路上拐弯时放慢了速度。 12 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 6?concern I have a concern on my mind. He expressed his concern. The scandal concerns a police office. A police officer is concerned with the scandal. The police are concerned about the decline of morel values in the country. 7?run He runs a business. The camera is running out of power. The company is running short of staff. He has a runny nose. The stocking is running. It is more good than harm in the long run. I run into Tom the other day. 8?Imagine their ecstasy when they found the lanterns lighted and placed near the opening. Grammar focus 1?分词做补语 find hear smell observe watch notice You can see the vapor rising from the wet clothes when they are hung on the fire. 湿衣服挂在火炉边，你可以看到蒸汽冒出来。 There are many times I look out of my window and smile…. 2?without + v-ing 没有做… Without something He sits there on a hot evening without a care in the world. He cast votes on their behalf without consulting them. 在没有咨询他们的情况下，他代表他们投了票。 In most workplaces a whole range of chemicals are used without people even knowing what they are. Lesson 8 A famous monastery New words and expressions Monastery n. 寺院 a building in which monks live together. Mon-(=mono-)前缀表示“单一的、孤独的” Monologue 自言自语 \ dialogue monotonous adj.单调的 uni- 单一的 uniform 制服;校服 unilateral \ bilateral \ multilateral trade 单边\双边\ 多边 贸易 unisex Toilet 不分性别的卫生间 unisex suit 中性的西装 13 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 pass n. 关隘 a road or way over though mountains watchdog ( 在西方文化中偏褒义)n. 看门狗、监察员 luck dog 幸运儿 watchdog committee 监督委员会 watchman n. 保安、警卫员 rashly adv. 莽撞地，冒失地 It was rash of you to sign the form without reading it. Enclosure n. 围场、圈地 Enclosure movement enclosure wall 围墙 En-前缀 ，表示“处于….状态” Enable \ encourage \ enact\ entitle \ engrave \ endanger Privacy n.清净、隐居 (原始含义——隐私) private anj. 私人的 Private affaires ; private life Skier n.滑雪者 go skiing 去滑雪 ski suit 滑雪服 Easter n. 复活节 (在每年春分月圆之后的第一个星期日) Easter , anniversary of the resurrection of Christ observed on the first Sunday after a full moon on or after 21 March. Christmas Thanksgiving st?valentine?s Day April Fool?sDay‎‎Halloween All saints Day Language points and text analyses 1?connect ….to \with ….(不能用and) 2?at 2,473 metres 介词短语置于句首表示原因，状态或条件 At + metres 海拔…米 = the altitude of…is ….. 3?时间介词in的用法 在一段时间内(如世纪、朝代、年、季节、月等) in the 1980s ; in Qing Dynasty ; in spring ; in May 依依老师口诀: 月季年前要用in ，上午下午又是in ,日子前面要用on, 要说某日上下午，把in 换on 才能行，几点几刻用at，周末几日也一样 at Christmas \ on Christmas Day on Christmas Eve 4?life——“生命”可数名词 ——“生活”不可数名词 He lived a wonderful life. (抽象名词前如有形容词修饰，很多时候要加a) 5? seven continent : Asia Africa North America South America Oceania Antarctica Europe 6?despite = in spite of 14 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Despite the new tunnel has been built…(此句话错误)——despite \ in spite of 后不可加句子 正确用法:despite \ in spite of the fact that …. 7?attempt to do 尝试做某事 8?hundreds of 成百上千的 hundreds of thousands of 几十万的 millions of 数以百万的 Thousands of 成千上万的 dozens of 几十个 ten or more 十几个 several 几个 9?about adv. 到处 相当于around 10?下降:decrease ; go down ; fall ; plunge 11?prefer A to B 与B 相比更喜欢A Prefer doing to doing prefer to do rather than do He prefers to die rather than surrender.他宁死不屈。 12?regular visitors to…..常客 e.g. As a student I lived in Oxford but was a frequent \ regular visitor to Belfast. He is regular to the toilet. 13?answer one?s nature?s call . ——I will answer my nature?s call. Make some water go to somewhere pick some flower 14?a party of ….\ parties of …..一批批的….. 15?receive a warm welcome Receive a cold welcome 冷遇 依依老师口语:Dog does not eat dog. 同类不相残; 盗亦有道 Lesson 9 Flying cats Words and expressions Fascinate v. to interest someone a lot Science has always fascinated me. 科学总是很让我着迷。 Interest v. A topic that interests me greatly. 使我大感兴趣的题目。 Attract v. He was nice looking, but I wasn?t deeply attracted to him.他很好看，但并不吸引我。 Affectionate adj. ~(towards sb.) Showing fondness (for ab. ); loving 示爱的;爱的 He is very affectionate towards his children. 他深深的爱着他的孩子们。 15 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Fond adj. 慈爱的;深情的 a fond look, gesture, embrace ,etc 充满深情的目光、手势、包裹 mysterious adj. full of mystery ; hard to understand or explain eg. a mysterious letter ,parcel 神秘的信件、包裹 submissive adj. = obedient willing to yield to the authority of others e.g. Humble and submissive servant. 恭顺的仆人。 Students are expected to be quiet and obedient in the classroom . 课文: 1?never fail to总是 My grandson never fails to phone me on my birthday. The sights of the city never fail to impress the visitors. The beauty of nature never fail to fascinate enthusiastic scientists. 大自然的美景总能激起科 学家的好奇心。 2?lead mysterious life 3?suspect to do sth. remain suspicious of… He is suspicious of strangers. 他不信任陌生人。 4?There is a great deal of truth in this statement. 5?ability to She had the ability to explain things clearly and concisely. 6?based on Their relationship was based upon mutual respect. 7?The study was carried out between January and May 1998. Make\ carry out \ conduct a study of … 做有关…的研究 8?over a period of …为期…. 9?had one experience in common We don?t really have much in common. 我们的共同点不多。 10?no shortage of There?s a shortage of food and shelter in the refugee camps. 难民营里食物和遮护品都短缺。 11?the clearer the better 16 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 As with most hazards, the more informed the public are ,the better their chances of survival. 12?stretch out Moira stretched herself out on the lower bench. 莫利亚在低杠上做拉伸运动。 Grammar focus 1?双重否定结构 No one but … never do without doing…. Be never without…. Never fail to …. Can not have failed to…. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. He went out as usual , though not without some fear. 2?不定式的作用——做定语(n. + to do ) We has a long journey to make before nightfall. 天黑之前我们还有很长的一段时间路要赶。 Clint was the second person to fall into this trip. 3?right \ ability \ effort \ dream ——只能用不定式做定语(+ to do ) Lesson 10 The loss of the Titanic TITAN 亚因 Gaia ——乌拉诺斯 Uranus (天王星) 克洛诺斯 Cronus——瑞亚Rhea 宙斯Zeus——赫拉Hera 表示“大”的词语: Fantastic ; giant ; titanic; immense; colossal New words and expressions Colossal adj.庞大的 Watertight adj. 不漏水的 tight adj. 紧的;紧密的 tight monetary policy 紧缩的货币政策 rain tight 不漏雨的 区分:watertight 与 waterproof compartment n. (轮船的)密封舱; (火车的)列车车厢分隔间 flood v. 充满水的 to be filled or covered with water be flooded with 充满 be flooded with fresh thoughts float v. 漂浮 to move slowly on water or in the air e.g. Dust floats in the air. 17 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 He floated from place to place. Tragic adj.悲惨的 He was killed in a tragic accident at the age of 34. Tragedy n. 悲剧 comedy n.喜剧 comic adj. 喜剧的 Liner n.班船;班机; 航班 Voyage n. 航行 iceberg n. 冰山 the tip of the iceberg 冰山一角;端倪 Lookout 瞭望员 look out (动词短语)小心;当心 Collision n.碰撞 collision with sb. \ sth. Collision between \ of A and B E.G. He is injured in a collision with another player. Narrowly adv. 刚刚;勉强地 Narrow adj. (狭窄的) have a narrow escape 九死一生;幸免于难 miss v.避开;思念 slight adj. 轻微地 tremble v. 震颤 to shake slightly tremble with….因….而发抖 v. 晕厥 He faint from hunger. Horror n. 恐惧 horrible adj. 恐怖的 toone?s horror 令人惊恐的是 (to one?s +表示人情感的词语) abandon v. 抛弃 to leave sb.\sth. with abandon 恣意的;放纵的 abandon ship 弃船 The baby was abandoned by his mother. Plunge v. 投入;跳入 Plunge into Narcissus plunged into water. You are a narcissist. Narcissistic adj.自恋的 Lifeboat n. 救生船 lifesaver \lifeguard n. 救生员 life giver 给予活力的人或事物 Language points and text analyses 1?-sail for 航行至… 类似的短语还有:leave for …去往某处 set out\off for …出发去往某处 Set out to do 开始做… set out 出发 2?she 可以作为国家、车船等的代词，这里she指代Titanic 18 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 by modern standards by rules 依照条例 by one?s appearance 依据某人的长相 We shouldn?t judge a person simply by his or her appearance. 我们不应该以貌取人。 3?be regarded as 被视为 = be thought of 4?unsinkable Undrinkable \ unacceptable \ unbelievable \ unsufferable 课文: Maiden voyage (船的) 出航、处女航 go down 沉没 heavy loss of life 重大伤亡 出发: set out\ set off (着手做某事) water——水 waters——水域 time——times(时代) snow——snows(雪地) manner——manners(礼貌、风俗) sand——sands(沙滩) air——airs(气氛、神态) give\ sound an alarm 发警报 alarmist n.\adj. 无事自扰者(的)、大惊小怪(的) sharply 迅速的 jump ship 跳槽 in time 及时 on time 准时 at time(s)有时 from后可接副词 from below 从下面 from outside\inside\ above He came from abroad to attend her wedding. Lesson 11 Not guilty Guilty ——having done wrong ,being to blame(for sth.) Crime 单指违法 Be found him guilty of negligence The court found him guilty. 法院判他有罪。 A man is accounted innocent until he is proven guilty. 一个人未被证明有罪前，他就是无辜的。 Showing or feeling guilt be guilty of \ feel guilty of I felt guilty after breaking my promise. Tolerant I cannot be tolerant of food security problems. I cannot be tolerant of public security problems. I cannot be tolerant of pollution problems. I cannot be tolerant of the invasion upon our sovereignty. Declare Do you have anything to declare? Any wines, perfumes, silks, electronics? I don?t have anything to declare. 19 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 declare war with 向….宣战 She declared that she don?t want to see him again. “The Declaration of Independence” was made in America in 1776. “独立宣言”于1776年在美国宣布。 Declaration of Human Rights 人权宣言 Declaration of Liberation 解放宣言 Exempt Exempt from sth. free from on obligation , duty or payment , not liable Children under 16 are exempt from prescription charges. Immune 免疫 not able to be punished or damaged by something sarcastically saying things that are the opposite of what you mean... hardened 经常的 a hardened criminal Doctors have become hardened to the sight of blood. 医生们对血已经麻木了。 Students have become hardened to the exams. Professional doing as a full-time job sth. which others do as a hobby or part-time job After he won the amateur championship he turned professional. Vocational 职业上的 We will have some vocational training before graduation. 课文: 1?You don?t know what I have been going through. You have to go though a few examinations before you are admitted. The train was going through a tunnel. One goes through several stages when studying English :……. 2?Those health-conscious people are made to feel guilty when they eat a little more ice-cream than is good for them. 3?be(never)troubled by Those who are not conscious of health, on the other hand, is never troubled by such feelings, even if they eat two fried chicken hamburgers at one stretch. 4?watches hidden in the suitcase The Big Bang put forward in the 1920s, the contact lens designed to rectify eye sight. 20世纪20年代提出的宇宙大爆炸理论设计目的是用来纠正视力的隐形眼镜。 a girl hoping to see you Talents possessing expertise.掌握专业技能的人才。 20 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 5?Have you anything to declare? (英式) Do you have anything to declare?(美式) Have you got anything to declare?(美式) 6?He dived quickly into the sea, peering through his mask at the watery world that turned darker. I waited at the hotel gate early in the morning , hoping to see Beckham. He smiled and walked into the classroom. I took on a job of a waiter in a pizza bar in order to pay for my studies. To pay for my studies , I took on a job of a waiter in a pizza bar. 7?Would you mind switching the television to channel 8? She wouldn?t mind taking care of our children? Do you mind if I put my bag here? Do you mind if I call you cathy, Do you mind if I sit here? 7?People in despair plunged into the icy waters. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真情。 We should do our part to help those in trouble. in the prime 处于巅峰时期 At that time, she was in the prime of her career and failed to fellow his advice. Those in prosperity should bear in mind the life in adversity. On 表进行中的; 移动中的 On the way on the road on the increase on the decline (or : on the decrease ) Life on the go. 繁忙的生活。 With interest with dismay with surprise with delight with disappointment With a smile 8?I felt sure that I would never be able to win her trust. 9?Local politicians are quick to pounce on any trouble. 10?They won the match just as I expected. 11?She greeted the guests at the door. His proposals were greeted with cheers. Shouts of anger greeted our ears. She greeted her with a smile. They greeted her speech with warm applause. I opened the window and was greeted by a gust of cool and fresh air. He opened the door and was greeted by a dreadful mess which convinced him that Tom, as his wife said, he?s a thief. 21 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 He arrived home only to be greeted by his wife?s sharp tongue. The wood measures 10 metres in length. Lesson 12 Life on a desert island desert island n.荒岛 desert n.沙漠 vt. 离弃、舍弃、丢弃=abandon e.g. We grew old by deserting our ideals. Camel n.骆驼 oasis 绿洲 mirage n. 海市蜃楼 A problem –free life is a fantasy- mirage in the desert. Dessert n.餐后甜点 Unrealistic adj.(不真实的(unreal)—课文翻译)、不切实际的、不实事求是的 Paradise n. 天堂、乐土(亚当夏娃住的地方) apple of knowledge paradise 购物天堂 live in a fool?s paradise 做黄粱美梦;生活在幻想世界 Shopping Heaven n.天堂 be in seventh heaven 特别的高兴 be on cloud nine 坐在九重云霄上 e.g. I felt in seventh heaven when admitted by my college. Wretched adj. 可怜的;质量差的 He leads a wretched life. With a wretched economy and long to-do list , it hardly seems an opportune moment. Starve v. (使)挨饿 She is starving herself to try to lose weight. I?m starving ! I?m starving to death! = I?m hungry. be starved of sth. 缺乏—— in want of….. The teacher said the schools were starved of resources. Element n. 成分 an element of 一点，少许 + 抽象名词 an element of risk 有点风险 an element of surprise 有点惊讶 There is an element truth in the report. Opportunity n.机会 have the opportunity to do sth. \ for sth. take the opportunity to do sth. opportunity knocks (at the door) only once 机不可失失不再来 I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude to my parents. Coral n.珊瑚 a coral island 珊瑚礁 22 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Dinghy n. 救生筏 Caribbean 加勒比海 spear gun 捕鱼枪 Lobster n. 龙虾 tanker n. 游轮 tank n. 坦克 Genuinely adv. 由衷地= sincerely Genuine adj. 真的、名副其实的; 真诚的 He is a genuine person. 课文: 1?form v. 形成 form a good habit Form a +adj. +pictureinone?s mind Most of us have formed an unrealistic picture of life at university. 2?imagine A to be B think of A as B see A as B take A as B regard A as B Imagine sb.\sth. to be sth. 把…想象成….. 3?a kind of = a sort of 一种 kinds of = sorts of 4?ripe \ mature\ immature In\im——b\ p \ m(此三字母前加im) 否定前缀——um\ un 5?区分 the other \ another the opposite n. 对立面、对立的人或物、反义词 6?either….or…..连接两个主语——就近原则 e.g. Either you or she goes to do the housework. 7?an element of 一点、一丝 区分:few \ a few -have the opportunity to do -find out 找出 8?hope 后不可用于虚拟语气，用陈述语序 Wish sb. to do \ hope sb. that 9?-load…with….用….装满 Mother and I staggered home loaded with many goods. Stagger v.踉跄 10?can 罐 tin 听 canned fish Can you can a can as a canner can can a can? 你能像起罐工开一个罐子那样打开一个罐子么, 11?prove + adj. prove to be + n. 证明是;结果是 It proved that you are right. 23 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 12?put it = express it ——替换say put it simply 简言之 put it honestly 诚实地说 13?Give me a fish, I will eat for a day and teach me to fish, I?ll eat for a life with. 授之以鱼不如授之以渔。 eat like kings—— eat like a bird(固定用法)吃得少 eat like a horse 吃得多 14?I wish I were a bird, flying to your side. I wish you had lent me a hand. I wish that I could go abroad for further studies. Lesson 13 “It’s only me ” ghost costume a week consists of seven days 一星期由七天组成。 Be made of \ be made up \ be composer of Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen. Have sth. as its chief or only element or feature Peaceful co-existence has been a consistent policy of our country. 和平共处是我国的一贯政策。 Effective Advertising is often the most effective method of promotion. a comfortable life storeroom 储藏室 electric 电的 ;插电的 electric meter speed meter electronic 带电的 ;通电的 pace There are several paces between the two trees. at a fast pace at a low pace flee Fellow love and it will flee , flee love and it will follow thee(you). The robbers fled when they saw the police. He was lucky to flee the burning hotel. Slam He slammed the door. He closed the door with a slam. He slammed his book on the desk. He threw the book on the desk with a slam. 24 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 课文: 1?The program is intended to improve the students? writing skills. He intended to invest in property market. I intended to do it, but I „m afraid I forgot. All night children dress up as black cats,… 2?I come straight to the point, we need more money. If ever there were a moment for this , it would be now. 3?Not wanting to get help from the student?s loan, I decided to make money by part-time job. 4?分词做状语 Seeing the door, locked, he left. Lesson 14 A noble gangster Gangster 强盗、歹徒 Filmdom dogdom peopledom of China (中华民国) kingdom computerdom bossdom (老板管辖的范围) a band of ——有组织的一群人 a band of gangsters 一伙强盗 a band of soldiers 一队士兵 a herd of sheep \ cattle a flock of birds a swarm of bees Why fish are clever? Because they are a school of fish! Protection n. 保护 Protect v. protect….from …. Prevent…from… Promptly adv. 准时地 Prompt adj. 立刻的、迅速的、准时的 Being prompt is regarded as a good habit. Remarkable adj. 不同寻常的、非常的 = unusual Hire v. (租出、雇出) ——本身意思为“租” hire sb.\sth. 进 hire ab.\sth. to 出 He hired himself out to his company. Prince n. 君主; 诸侯 \ 王子 princess (除女王或王后外的)王室女成员 King queen emperor empress 25 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Dedicate v. 奉献; 献题给 dedicate to 奉献给….. She dedicated her life to helping the poor. Memory n. 纪念 为了纪念…. : in memory of \ to the memory of The computer has a 128M memory. Valiant adj.英勇的 brave adj. 勇敢的 Sum of money 款项 a large sum of money large sums of money in sum…. in return for 作为回报 I sent him a present in return for his help. in exchange for 用…交换 I sent him a present in exchange for his help. There was a time when there were a crowed of monks who lived in a temple standing on the top of a mountain. 课文: 1?put\ drive a man out of business 使失业 put sb.\sth.outof… 使某人失去….. e.g. put it out of your mind. 把它忘了吧 2?as long ago as 追溯回到 = dating back to \ dating from As… as….除表同期比较，还表强调 英文中同期比较都有此意 He earns 10,000 dollars a month. He earns as much as 10,000 dollars a month. (多达…..) The building is 300 meters. The building is as high as 300 meters. 3?would rather do sth. than do sth. 宁愿….而不…. = would prefer to do ….than do ….. =would prefer doing ….to doing…. e.g. He would rather die than surrender. 4?life-long friend 毕生的朋友 life work 毕生的事业 Settle in BJ(错) settle down BJ (对) —— settle BJ (对) settle = settle down Settle near 在…附近 Make a name for himself = become famous come to = get to = gradually 渐渐的 Come to be known 渐渐被人所熟知 5?at war 交战 at war with…与…交战 The United States is not ,and will never be, at war with Islam. 26 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 In fact, a great many people are constantly at war with their depression. He is at war with himself\ his illness. 作斗争 6?in times of (peace) 在和平期间= during in times of hardship in times of…. 7?march into 大踏步行军 burn down 烧毁 We are unable to salvage anything when the factory burn down. 8?offer to do (主动)提出做某事 =make an offer to do = be willing to do Maybe you can offer to do more chores around the house for some extra cash. 9?make money 赚钱 in this way in spite of = despite Regard sb. as = think of sb. as Give sb. a state funeral 给某人举行国葬 Have sth. done be dedicated to the memory of sb. 10? Grammar 动名词主语 动名词放句首作主语:动名词一般直接放句首作主语，谓语动词用单数 Hating people is like burning down your own house to …. 动名词用于句末做主语固定句型: 1) it \ there is no good \ no use doing sth. 做…无意义\ 无用 it 为形式主语，真正的主语是doing sth. no good e.g. It?s no use crying over split milk. 覆水难收 )there is no doing sth. 2 相当于It?s impossible to do sth. 或we can?t do sth. e.g. There is no denying the fact that…. 不可否认的事实是…. Lesson 15 Fifty of trouble Appreciate 1?understand and enjoy ; value highly You can?t fully appreciate foreign literature in translation. Her talent for music was not appreciated. 她的音乐才能无人赏识。 2?understand (sth.)with sympathy I appreciate your problem , but I don?t think I can help you. They deeply appreciated your help. I am afraid you have not appreciated the urgency of the matter. 恐怕你还没有意识到这件事情的紧迫性。 27 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Increase in value 升值 Local property has appreciated (in value)since they built the motorway nearly. Depreciation 贬值 exchange note 汇率 Pocket money Money burns a hole in my pocket. Rattle The window rattled in the wind. We could hear the rattle of the milk bottles. Thrifty Using money carefully and wisely If the U.S. economy avoids inflation in the months ahead ,thrifty consumers will deserve much of the credit. Bounce (Cause sth. to ) spring back when sent against sth. hard She bounced the ball against the wall. Stick Be stuck in the elevator. The key stuck in the lock. Brigade 专指消防人员 a greasy spoon 小店 课文: 1?We should offer our hands of help to the people in the quake area. 我们应该向灾区人们伸出援助之手。 I want to find some clues of value. 我想找一些有价值的线索。 In a society of business ,everything is of commercial value. 在商业社会里，所有的东西都有了商业价值。 2?The factory provides a regular supply of raw material for us. 该工厂为我们提供了稳定的原材料供应。 Although not reliable enough, the internet is one of the most significant sources of information. 尽管不够可靠，但是网络确实是最重要的信息来源之一。 3?A banknote of one hundred yuan used to go a long way to me. 一百元原来够我花很久。 We will go a long way to solve the energy issue. 在能源问题上，我们还有很长的路要走。 A thousands marks go a long way for me. 28 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 4?I?m unwilling to exchange health for material gains. 我不愿意用健康换取物质收入。 5?Rivers will finally find their way to the sea. 河流最终要归入大海。 As a saint , his soul will find its way to the heaven for sure. 作为一个伟大的圣人，他的灵魂一定能够进入天堂。 Soul-mate 精神伴侣 6?He didn?t study martial arts, instead he signed up for an art class. 他没有学习武术，而是报了美术培训班。 7?What is more, the sheer havoc and expense of crises means is worth paying to….. 8?The 30-year-old star is trying to free himself from his busy Lesson 16 Mary had a little lamb Prize adj. 珍贵的、宝贵的 = valuable , dear , precious n.奖赏、奖金 He was awarded the noble prize for literature. tie v. 拴、系 tie sth. to sth.\ somewhere 把…拴在…上 I tie the dog to a tree. A tongue-tied silence was suddenly broken. 突然，沉默无言的局面被打破了。 Theft n. 偷盗案 thief n. 小偷 You are the thief of my heart. Accuse v.指控 Accuse sb. of doing sth. e.g. The police accused him of murder. Deny v. 否认~ deny sth. \doing sth. He denied the news that he had been married. Peter denied Jesus. Ashamed adj. 感到羞耻的，惭愧 Be ashamed of …. I am ashamed of what you have done. Apologize v. 道歉 Apologize to sb. (for sth.) make an apology I apologized to you for what I have done. Dye v. 染 29 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 [区分] dye ——dyeing——dyed Die——dying——died My hair was dyed blond. Blonde 金发碧眼的 课文: 1?多个adj.排序问题 口诀:县官行令宴国才 限观形龄颜国材 I saw a fantastic new British film. She has a beautiful brown leather jacket. He has a long red American car. We have a small antique wooden table. He has a lovely red woolen jumper. 2?It is obvious that….= obviously 明显的是 Lesson 17 The longest suspension bridge in the world Suspend v. 1) temporarily (and officially ) prevent from continuing or being in force or effect 推迟，使搁置，使悬而不决 Talks between the two countries have been suspended. 2) Hang (sth.)from somewhere吊，悬挂 Suspension n. 悬挂、悬浮;暂停;延缓;停职 Suspending or being suspended She appealed against her suspension.她对被停职一事已进行上诉。 Suspense n.(对可能发生之事的)紧张感、担心、挂虑 Feeling of tenseness, worry, etc about what may happen We waited in great suspense for the doctor?s opinion. Span n. 1)a period of time between two points 持续时间，时间阶段 n.2)跨度、跨径、跨(拱或桥支撑物之间的距离或部分) The arch has a span of 60 meters. 那个拱的跨度为60米。 v.跨越，穿越(某事物);贯穿 His knowledge spans many different areas. Concrete Adj. 1) existing in a material or physical form; not abstract 有形的，实在的;具象的;具体的 Adj.2) 现实的;特定的;具体的 specific ;definite His plan is not yet concrete. n. 混凝土 building material modern buildings made of concrete 用混凝土建造的现代建筑物 30 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 elegant adj. 1) graceful and stylish in appearance or manner高雅的 ，优雅的，讲究的 2) 精确的、简洁的、简练的、洗练的 an elegant math metical solution – simple and precise graceful adj. 优雅的 refined adj. 不粗俗的，高雅的，有教养的 cultivated and genteel refined people with refined taste 有着高雅情趣的高雅人士 课文: 1?campus belle 校花 about whom much known 广为人知 2?介词+关系代词 Here?s the dictionary, in the back of which you?ll find a list of proper names. Sound is a tool by means of which people communicate ideas with each other. The hotel has a very convenient situation located in the downtown before which stand a bus and a metro station. 3?remain immortal 永垂不朽 be named after 以…命名 join sth. to sth. 把…和..连起来 The island is joined to the mainland by a bridge. 岛上有座桥与大陆相连。 a span of 一段跨度;一段时间的长度 take sth. into account 把…考虑在内 People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graducation. 4?rise to 上升到 go upwards; become important ,powerful, successful, or rich Mussolini rose to power in Italy in 1932. 5? be estimated (that) 据估计 It has been estimated that……….. Lesson 18 Electric currents in modern art Current 气流、电流、水流 n. 1)电流 the flow of electricity electric current 电流 direct current alternating current (ac) 交流电 2)趋势 current of events 事态的发展;事情的进展 Current of time (或 the times) 时势、时代潮流 Go (或 swim )against the current 逆流而上，反潮流 Go(或 swim) with the current 随波逐流，随大流 Adj. 目前的、现在的 Current affairs 时事 currently adv. 目前地=now e.g. Currently, Mr. Bloggs is working at a corporation. 31 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Sculpture n. 雕像 Ice sculpture 冰雕 sculpture gallery [辨析] sculpture 非人形的雕塑总称 \ statue 一般指人的雕塑 Mistaken adj. 错误的 incorrect ; wrong Mistake n. 错误 make a mistake \ by mistake 弄错了 She put salt into her tea by mistake. Gallery n. 美术馆 exhibit n. 展品、陈列品 v. 展览、展出; 显示、显示出 The young man exhibits a great talent of art. Exhibition n. 一批展品;展览会 Oddly adv. 古怪的 strangely Odd adj. Three is an odd number. 奇数\ even number 偶数 He makes a living by doing odd job. Attach v. 连、系 Attach this piece of paper to your book. Be attached to sb.\ sth. 依恋;依赖;喜欢;爱 The boy used to be attached to his mother. Sphere n.球体 magnetize v.使磁化 magnet n.磁铁 Magnetically Levitated Train (MLT) Repel v. 排斥 Like poles repel and unlike poles attract. Flicker 闪烁、摇曳 emit v.放射 e.g. The sun emits light. Flash v. 1)闪光 to shine very brightly for a short time. e.g. His eyes flashed a smile. 2)立即领悟，很快明白 (常与on 连用)= dawn on + sb. The reason for this strange behavior flashed on me when I meet his mother. Prehistoric adj.史前的;老掉牙的 Electronic adj.电子的 electronic mail 电子邮件 electronic book 电子书 electronic commerce 电子商贸 electron n. 电子 emotionally adv. 感情上的 emotion n. 情感 The boy used to attach emotionally to his mother. 课文: 1?rarely 有否定意味 rarely …..any more 不再….. not…..any more 再也不再了 32 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 not…...any longer 频率问题，也后可能会再有 2?评价 想法\ 观点 Form a + adj. + picture in one?s mind that….. The idea that….is +adj. The idea that English learning has several shortcuts is mistaken. Many people form a wrong picture in their mind that English learning has several shortcuts. 3?take interest in = be interest in take no interest in 双重否定表肯定强调 cannot have done 一定不能够没有做\ 一定做了 Cannot have failed to do sth. 不可能没有做过某事 ——一定做了… 4?weight up the gains and loses 衡量得失 5?on display 展出 In public places = in public 6?in private That guy can be very rude in private though in public he is usually polite. Double-dealer 7?stand = lie = be located Be used to sth. \ doing sth. be surprised by So-called 合成词“所谓的” She could trust him more than any of her so-called friends. 8? 【辨析】enter ;enter into 1) 具体的:Then he entered a famous university. He entered the room quietly. The bullet entered his head. 2) 抽象的:He enter into business at the age of 25. The two countries entered into a state of war. The two men entered into a long conversation. 9?suspend from 从….上悬下来 in response to 响应 we wrote a thank-you note \ letter in response to their hospitality. 10?【辨析】be familiar with \ be familiar to You are rather too young to be familiar with the idea. The language adopted in the book must be familiar to young children. 11?line up 排列起来 In the centre of (空间的)\ in the middle of (时间或空间的) In the front of \ in front of 33 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 A number of =many \ the number of 12?colored adj. 有色的; 染色的 coloured glass 彩色玻璃;有色玻璃 Negro 黑奴 ;black ; the coloured \ coloured African-American 礼貌的 13? [辨析]continuous 一定时期内不能有间断; continual 可有间断的连续 The brain needs a continuous supply of blood. He has continual arguments with his father. 14?traffic lights go mad go mad about sth. \doing 痴迷于 Mad with joy 欣喜若狂 15?on and off 断断续续的;忽明忽暗地 on and on 连续不断地 16?angrily 拟人手法 She got the bad news at midnight . The bad news knocked at her door at midnight . The table goes to the woman in a red hat. 桌子归于这个戴红帽的女人了。 Lesson 19 A very dear cat Considerable adj. 1) notably large in size ,amount , or extent 相当大的;相当多的;可观的 2)重大的，重要的;值得考虑的;值得注意的;显著的 Significant adj. 重大的;有效的;有意义的;值得注意的 a significant rise in profits (比较)considerate adj. 体贴的;体谅的;考虑周到的 She?s unfailingly kind and considerate. 她永远那么善良与体贴。 Withdraw v. Remove or take away (sth.) from a particular place or position 撤退;收回;撤销;离开;引退 Withdrawal n. 撤退，退回，取消 Punctual adj. punctually adv. Happening or doing sth. at the agreed or proper time ; being on time Prompt adj. 敏捷的;迅速的;立刻的 Astound v. shock or greatly surprise 使震惊，使惊愕 Astonish v. 使惊讶 We were astonished at the news of her sudden death. 课文: 1?take an interest in 对….感兴趣，产生兴趣 be interest in (sth.) 2?share sth. with sb. 与…共用 34 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 I have an office shares with other teachers. 3?anonymous letter 匿名信 bonus 奖金 a ransom of 一笔….的赎金 4?follow one?s instructions 依照….的指示做 I trust him to keep his word. 5?sure enough 果真，不出所料 In more ways than one 有不止一层含义 Mining in Afghanistan looks like a gamble in more ways than one. Lesson 21 Daniel Mendoza Bare 赤裸的、光秃的 Bare fists\ hands 赤手空拳 a tree bare of leaves 一棵没有树叶的树 naked 赤裸的 naked eyes 肉眼 adore v. love and respect ….deeply 爱慕、仰慕、热爱 They admired the beauty of the garden. 他们赞叹花园的美。 Extravagant 奢侈的;浪费的 It was rather extravagant to buy both. Bet v. to risk money on a race or on event by trying to predict the result. Bet….on…..在….上下赌注 bet on 对…下赌注 Americans are fond of betting, the bet even on the election. Bet sb. on….与某人打…..的赌 He bet me on the black horse. 课文: 1?fight with 为反对….而战\ 为反对…而战 to fight with the slavery 为反对奴隶制而战 2?表示“称呼某人为….”的句式 1) refer to ….as 2) call….. 3) address….as….. 4) know……as…… 3?One of the most colorful figures in physics history is Albert Einstein, a Jew who was born in Germany. 4?draw up 制定，起草 He drew up a speech overnight. 35 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 5?in one?s day In one?s full time \ in one?s good day 在某人年轻有为，兴旺发达，….时期 Enjoy popularity Yao Ming enjoys high popularity .广受欢迎。 6?rise to fame become famous 一举成名 7?turn(…)against….变得与….敌对; 使反目成仇 The people turned against their president. She turned him against his family by criticizing them. 8?It was clear that he couldn?t adapt to such fast pace of life here. …..是显而易见的 9?for a second time ——again 又一次 10?be in debt 负债 He?s in debt to the extent of 10,000 dollars. 他负债已达1万美元。 Pay one?s debt 还债 11?强调句 it was……that……… It is \was +被强调部分+ that\who +其他成分 My mother threw an egg at the Minister of Education yesterday. 1? It was my mother that\who threw an…… 2?It was an egg that my mother threw at…… 3?It was yesterday that my mother threw at…… 4?It was the Minister of Education that my mother threw an egg at. 该句型中被强调部分不能是谓语，若强调谓语——do, did, does Not….until 句型的强调句 It is\was not until +被强调部分+that+其他 He didn?t go to bed until 10 o?clock. It was not until 10 o?clock that he went to bed. Lesson 20 Pioneer pilots Try to do = manage ….= make an effect Try doing = attempt to——make an attempt to…. Tempt 诱惑 Last \ last for 皆可加时间段 Take off 起飞 take – off n. 发展 With the take-off of ….. 36 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Lesson 22 By heart Run 12v. ?连映;连演 ?支配;管理;经营控制 lines n. (剧本中的)台词 line n. 线;行 I spent a whole day to learn my lines. Part n. 剧中的角色，台词 act \ play a part in…..在….中扮演角色 Rose played the main part in the play. Star v. 主演 She has starred in this new film. 1Falter v. ? 支吾;结巴说 The speaker faltered when he saw his opponent enter the room. 2 ?蹒跚;摇晃 3 ?犹豫 He never falters in his determination. Cast (cast, cast) v. 选派….扮演角色 he was cast as Hamlet. n. 演员表 role n. 角色 aristocrat n.贵族 Many aristocrats were killed in the French revolution . Imprison v. 关押 gaoler n. 监狱长，看守(英)= jailer [美] Colleague n. 同事 注意区分: colleague 与 college Curtain 窗帘;幕布 Reveal v. 使显露 He never reveals his identity. a revealing night dress 暴露的晚礼服 cell n. 单人监房;监号 blank adj. 空白的;空虚的 squint v. 眯着(眼)看，瞄 n. 斜视 take a squint at 看: gaze ;stare; peer ; glare ;spot ; catch sight of ; glance \ glimpse 37 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Dim adj. 昏暗的 dim light Proceed v. 继续进行 Everything proceeds well. \ Everything goes well. 课文: 1? so that 为了….. 表目的 So…that…. 如此…以至于 仿写:This book is so interesting that no one doesn?t want to read it. 2?On end 连续地 Some workers in this factory have to work for twelve hours a day on end. 其他意思: on end 1)竖着，任何物体竖着放立 He placed the box on end. 2)令人毛骨悚然，汗毛倒立 This ghost story set their hair on end. 3?in many ways 从许多角度来看 【辨析】go on doing 与 go on to do Stop doing 与 stop to do Require v. 1) 有赖于….; 需要 All living beings require food. 2)要求;规定 4?expect to do sth. 希望\ 期望某人做某事 Recite (机械的)背 (国外少用)—— know sth. by heart 背诵，用心记下来;背下来 do sth. by heart 用心做;凭记忆 She expected to finish it at 9. She is expected to finish it at 9. Live show 直播 5?be cast in the role “扮演” She was cast in the role of a winner in life. 6?would + 动词原形，表示过去经常或反复的动作= used to do 表示委婉 Would you mind doing sth.? 7?act n. 幕 Most modern plays have three acts. 8?insist 后面接宾语从句时，用虚拟语气 Should 可被 be supposed to do \ be expected to do 替换 语法:“坚持、命令、要求、建议”后用虚拟语气，should 可省略 +v. 9?in full 全部 38 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 The bill must be paid in full by the last day of this month. 在最后一天之前 10?content 目录 n.(书等的)内容;目录 \ 容量;含量 In my opinion the movie lacks contents. No other food has so high an iron content. 11?behind bars 坐牢 表示坐牢的其他短语:be in jail \ prison ; be imprisoned ; put into prison; sent to prison 12?look on 旁观 looker-on 旁观者 The looker-on sees the most of the game. 13?形容词作主语补足语:两句话;主语一致;主系表结构，主语由表语承担的 Afraid of difficulties , they prefer to take the easy road. 由于害怕困难，他们更愿意走那条好走的路。 Worried about her daughter , she went to London to see her. 担心着女儿，她到伦敦去看她。 He rushed into the house, breathless. 他站在那里，心里充满了恐怖。 He stood there, loaded with fear. 理解成:1)形容词作状语; 或2)做主语补足语 14?with this 说着…..at this 听到这些 atthesightof….当我看见 at the sound of …当我听到 at the thought of…..当我想到 15?proceed to do = go on = continue 16?insist ; suggest ; advise ;recommend ; order ; command ;demand ; request ; propose; require 坚持;命令;要求;建议 + should +v原——虚拟语气 由这些动词变化而来的抽象名词后面跟上同位语从句或表语从句时，也要用虚拟语气。 特殊情况:当insist 表示“坚持认为(主观)”;suggest 表“认为;表明”时，应该用正常的语态。 1)I insisted that he was wrong. 2)I suggests that you are not telling the truth. 3)The young man insists that he is innocent. A. is B. be C. have been D. is to be 4)The young man insisted that he had done nothing wrong and should be set free. A. did; set B. had done ; should be set C. should do ; be set D. had done ; must be set 5)Jane?s pale face suggested that she was ill, and he parents suggested that she have a medical examination. A. be …should have B. was…have C. should be ….had D. was....has 6)The suggestion that the mayor present the prizes was accepted by everyone. 39 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 A. would present B. present C. presents D. ought to present Lesson 23 One man’s meat is another man’s poison Logic n. 逻辑 logic is the art of thinking People become quite illogical when they?re happy \ angry \ sad\ joyful. A man never knows how to say goodbye, a woman never knows when to say it. 同义替换: think of sb. \ sth. as sb.\sth. regard sb.\ sth. as sb.\sth. consider sb. \sth.(to be) sb.\sth. delicacy n. A delicacy is a food item that is considered highly desirous in certain cultures. Repulsive 是己而非人，天下人之通病。——清?刘开 《问说》 非人:On the other hand, your stomach would turn at the idea of frying potatoes in animal fat. the sad \painfultruthisthat……( that is true but that you regret) The sad truth is that opportunity doesn?t knock twice. Abuse v.1) use (something) to bad effect or for a bad purpose; misuse 滥用;妄用;误用 e.g. The judge abused his power. 2)speak to (someone) in an insulting and offensive way. 辱骂; 恶语伤人; 毁谤 e.g. The referee was abused by players from both teams. 两队的队员都辱骂那个裁判。 Associate v. connect (someone or something ) with sth. else in one?s mind 把…联系起来;使联合 I associated wealth with freedom. 表联系;连接: 1) connect…with\to……L8 2) join…..in…..L17 3) associate……with…… adj. connected with an organization or business 联合的;有关联的 an associate company 联营公司 an associate editor 副主编 an associate professor 副教授 despise v. feel contempt or a deep 鄙视 look down on (口)鄙视;瞧不起 He looks down upon people who?ve never been to university. Scorn v. 极其轻蔑地对待 She scorned his proposal. 她蔑视他的提议。 40 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Appeal v. 1) make a serious ,urgent, or heartfelt request (迫切)要求;恳求;呼吁 E.g. Police are appealing for information about the…. 2)be attractive or interesting 有吸引力;引人入胜 The range of topics will appeal to youngsters. 年轻人会喜欢这类话题。 课文: 1? at the idea of …..一想到…. I feel nervous at the idea of exam. 一想到考试我就紧张。 2?bring up 抚养;教育;培养 The old woman has brought her up as her own child. 3?stick to 坚持(立场、观点、原则、规定等) e.g. He always sticks to his own opinion. 用特殊句式表示最高级: 1) no….more than….. 2) nothing can be compared with…. 3) Nothing can match ….for…. No operation has received more praise and abuse than the cosmetic…. No classmate is more willing to do a favor for friends and neighbors than him. 4?插入语: I bought that dress which, with a lot floral patterns, caught my eyes at the very beginning. 5?I was walking home through this lane when suddenly I was hit on my head. 6?acting on a sudden impulse 一时冲动 Acting on a sudden impulse , he married a beautiful but superficial woman. 他一时冲动娶了一位只有美貌没有智慧的妻子。 7?to our dismay \ surprise使我们 惊愕\惊讶 的是 take possession of….占领 To our dismay, she got the offer from Harvard. The soldiers took possession of the enemy?s fort. The terrorists took possession of the embassy. Lesson 24 A skeleton in the cupboard There is a skeleton in the cupboard. Don?t wash your dirty laundry in public. I don?t have skeleton in my closet. Do you have any skeleton in your room? 41 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Seemingly adv. 表面上地 Seemingly, we can do nothing to prevent this from happening. Respectable adj. 体面的;雅观的 Conceal v. 隐藏;隐瞒 Please help me conceal the secret. [反] reveal Vivid adj. 生动的 He is telling a vivid story. I gave my friends a vivid description….. Drama ——dramatic adj. 令人激动的;扣人心弦的 n. 剧本;戏剧 rain 毁坏 He ruined his life work by carelessness. “新概念三册”中表“破坏;毁坏”的词语: Destroy ; damage; spoil Spare the rod , spoil the child. 不打不成才。 Fiction n. 小说 novel \ novella \ short story 短篇小说 Varying adj. 不同的 = various= different Vary v. My idea varies from yours. Medicine n. 医学;药 medicinal adj. 医学的;医疗的 Medicinal treatment 治疗，医疗 medicinal service Guestroom n. (家庭中的)来客住房 Unpack vt.(从箱中)取出衣服 + 箱包 Unpack your clothes Stack v. (整齐地) 堆放;排放 pile sth. up 可表堆放 The whole room is stacked with flowers. Underclothes n. 内衣= underwear Drawer n. 抽屉 Petrify v. 使惊讶 Dangle v. 悬挂 Huge earrings dangled from her ears. Sway v.摇摆 The dancers swayed to the music. 42 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Unsympathetic adj. 不表同情的;无动于衷的 Sympathetic to \ towards sb.\sth. 赞同的;支持的 They were quite sympathetic to our proposals. 课文: 1? 【辨】respectful(主动:adj. 恭敬的;有礼貌的;表示尊敬的) , respective(值得被尊敬 的) ——adj. 各自的;分别的 Be respectful of sb. \ sth. 对…有礼貌 They chatted about their respective childhoods. 2?be concealed from sb. 对某人隐瞒 3?The English \ Chinese language possesses a vivid saying…. As the old saying goes…. 4?hair stands on end 头发竖起来\ 毛骨悚然 5?in one?s childhood 童年 inone?s youth 青年 in one?s middle age 中年 in one?s old age 老年 6?mistress 情妇 puppy love 初恋 ex-boyfriend 前男友 Sugar daddy and gold digger. 糖爸爸和掘金者。 Half\semi-sister\ brother 同父异母的 step-sister 继父母带来的姐姐 step-mother 继母 Cousin 表… second cousin 表哥、姐的孩子 7?it is all very well (but)….不赞成不满意的反语，“好倒是好，但是…” It is all very well for such things to occur in fiction. It is all very well for you to suggest taking a few days rest,… 8?to varying degrees,= to different degrees 在不同程度上 To a certain degree 在某种程度上 ; to a considerable degree 在很大程度上 9?the only person (that\ who\ whom) I know… 重叠式的定语从句 You are the only person I know who attempted to climb the Everst. 珠穆朗玛峰 10?-be proud of \ take pride in Her parents take pride in her when she won the gold medal. 11?hang Hanged- hanged 上吊;绞刑(正常变化) Hanging Gardens 空中花园 Hung-hung 悬挂 (不规则变化) 43 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Lie 位于\说谎 (正常变化)lie-lied-lied 躺着(不正常变)lie-lay-lain (lay – laid- laid) 12?He was lying in bed motionless. 形容词做后置定语 13?give the impression 给某人留下印象 The garden gave me a deep impression with its beauty. 14?as if 连词 “好像”后面接从句 Forget :I forget your name. 现在还没想起来 Forgot :想起来已经忘了某事(如把钥匙忘在家里) Lesson 25 The Cutty Sark Temporary Adj. lasting for only a limited period of time ; not permanent e.g a temporary job 临时工作 steer v. 1)guide or control the movement of (a vehicle ,vessel, or aircraft) He steered the boat slowly. 2)guide the movement or course of He had steered her to a chair. Impressive Adj. evoking admiration through size, quality, or skill, grand, imposing, or awesome. Impressive performance Impression n. a vague idea in which some confidence is plated 印象 Appeal v. 1)请求 2)有吸引力的;引人入胜 be attractive or interesting 课文: 1?She serves as an impressive reminder of the great ships of the past. 2?名词表达动词意思: Any delay in the delivery of the goods will seriously disturb the company?s normal running. The sight of your messy \ happy life made me relieved. 看到你过得不好，我也就释然了。 3?It marked the end of …..and the beginning of….. Being tremendously wealthy might mark the end of efforts and the beginning of boredom. Death marks the end of living and the beginning of eternity. 44 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 死亡意味着生命的结束和永恒的开始。 4?considering that….考虑到 She is very active, considering that she is getting in years. Considering that the speech was off the cuff , it was rather good. 5?there is no doubt that….毫无疑问的 There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices. There is no doubt that your success has resulted from your hard work. Lesson 26 wanted: a large biscuit tin Wanted adj. 1)受通缉的 He is wanted man. 2) 被征求的 Want n. 1)缺乏、不足、缺少 Your work shows want of care. The plants died for want of water. Influence v.\n. 影响 Under the influence of… 被…影响 Have an influence on 影响对….起作用;左右;支配 Pride v.\n. 骄傲 对…感到骄傲;夸耀 = take pride in \ be proud of Pride oneself on He takes great pride in his performance. Taste n. 鉴赏力 Have an excellent taste in something 在….上有极高的品味 Exert v. 施加 Exert sth. on sb. 对某人施加… exert oneself 努力;尽力 He never exerted himself to study hard. L34: Antique shops exert a peculiar fascination on a great many people. Exert a + adj. fascination on sb. 对某人有极大的吸引力 Advertiser n. 做广告的人 辨析:advertisement 广告= ad ——可加S Advertising——泛指广告(不可加S) Classify v. 分类 Magic adj. 有奇妙作用的 n.魔法;魅力 Can you do magic tricks? Sample n. 样品 Devise v. 设计;想出 ——一般加抽象名词( 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 ; 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 ) 45 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 He was devised a scheme for making money. 设计:plan——与devise可替换 ; design——具体作品 Capture v. 1) 吸引;赢得 = attract 2)俘获;俘虏;捕获 3) 夺取;占领 We captured the criminal. He captured her heart. Manufacturer n. 生产厂家; 制造商 Manufacture v. (大规模)制造; 生产 Manufactory n. 制造厂 Wheelbarrow n. 独轮手推车 hand barrow 双轮手推车 The Red Wheelbarrow (红色手推车诗人) So much depends Up on A red wheel Barrow Glazed with rain Water Beside the white chickens ingredient n. (混合物的)组成部分;(烹调的)配料 crane n. 1) 起重机 2)鹤 anticipate v. 预期;预料 anticipate sth. \ doing 课文: 1?no one can avoid doing sth. 没有人能避免——所有人都要 No one can avoid taking responsibility for the society. 2?as 引导让步状语从句，句子要采用倒装形式 (adj.\ adv.\ n.\ v. 用在as 之前)= although 3?pride oneself on Be free to do …自由做;随意做… 4?in sth.\ doing sth. 在…过程中 on doing 一…就… Persuade sb. to do 说服某人做某事 In one?s effort to do sth. 为了干好…事情 In their effort to study English well, they came to New Oriental School. 46 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 5?名词动词化——更加书面化 Make a close study of Make the best use of Make s significant change of Make a vivid description of Make a discovery of Make a summary of Make an investigation of 6? get something for nothing 愿意:不劳而获 ;这里指:免费得到 Go wrong 失败;失误 These days 这些天 Offer sb. sth. \ offer sth. to sb. Provide sb. with sth. Enable sb. to sth. 使某人能够怎样 Make it + adj. + to do 使..怎样 Program (美) programme (英) Offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 In response to 响应 \ 附和;随着(随风起舞) Tremendous adj. 极大的、巨大的 7?before long 不久之后 Long before 很久以前 Bring in 引进;带来 Bring him in with you. It weights 称起来….重(主动表被动含义) 8?come along 1)出现;发生 2)取得进展 I began to come along well in English after I improved my study methods. 9?remove \ move He removed his coat. 脱去\ 移动(有去掉、擦出的含义) He moved his coat. 只有移动的含义 10?as引导让步状语从句 Although 一定不倒装 though 可倒装也可不倒装 as 要部分倒装——adj.\adv.\n.\v. 提前 1) adj.+ as + 主语 + 系词 Although I am tired , I will spare no efforts to help them. (spare no efforts to do sth.)不遗余力做某事 Strange as it may seem, I did it for you. 2)adv. + as + 主语 + 谓语 Although we may pride ourselves on our good taste very much, we are no longer free to choose the things we want… Much as we may pride ourselves on our good taste, we are no longer free to choose the things we want… 47 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 3)v. +as + 主语+ 助动词 Although they may try, they will never make it. Try as they may ,they will never make it. 动词前面带有情态动词may, might, will, would , can, could 等时，只将行为动词放句首，情态动词留原处。 若动词前无情态动词，则加DO适当形式，放句尾 Try as they did, they will never make it. Tired as they have, they will never make it. 用这一句型的一般是不及物动词。 4)n. + as + 主语 +系动词 Although he is a boy , he behaves like a girl. Boy as he is , he behaves like a girl. ( 名词前不要冠词a) Although he is a king , he is unhappy. King as he is ,he is unhappy. Lesson 27 Nothing to see and nothing to buy Grudge Be resentfully unwilling to give or allow (sth.);to do or give something very unwillingly 不愿给;舍不得给 e.g. I grudge having to pay so much tax. 我很不愿意付这么多税。 n. a persistent feeling of ill will or resentment resulting from a past insult or injury. 抱怨;不满 deliberately adv. Consciously and intentionally 故意地 e.g. He deliberately upset her. Consequence n. a result or effect , typically one that is unwelcome or unpleasant 后果;结果 I have made great progress as a consequence \ in consequence of studying hard. Afflict v. (of a problem or illness) cause pain or trouble to ; affect adversely 使苦恼; 折磨 课文: 1?It has been said that man can create anything that can be imagined 2?in the light of …..按照…;根据….. In the light of these changes, we must revise our plan. 根据这些变化，我们必须修订我们的计划。 48 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 3?We clearly defined our jobs; Jim is in charge of draft writing ,Lucy of text-proofing and Ann of publishing. 我们做了明确的分工。 4?The world is full of conflicts between Jews and Arabs, Indians and Pakistanis, white men and Negroes in Africa. 5?There are times when…..有的时候 There are times when the uproar reaches the ears of the students in the classroom. There are quiet times when he reads the hours away.他有时候安静地看书打发时间。 1?besides 除了….还有… \ except \ except for 先综述一下，再除了某个 \ exception to 例外 2?be aware of 意识到… free from 不受…的影响;免于… He wished to live a life entirely free from troubles. By having to ….由于… By having to work very young to support the family , he knew earlier than his peers how hard life could be. By having to finish the website construction , he has been working nights and has lost plenty of weight. 3?How many of us are realizing…. How many of them are brave enough to stand out and challenge the incapable leader? Lesson 28 Five pounds too dear Wares n. 货物;商品 ware n. 制品;用具 Silverware ; ironware ; glassware; software; hardware Anchor v. 停航下锚 anchorman 主持人 (新闻联播等，正式的) Tempt v. 吸引;引诱 Tempt sb. to do…\ into doing …. Nothing would tempt me to leave him. Attempt to do 试图做某事 temptation n.引诱 Resist the temptation of beauty Bargain v. 讨价还价 n 交易;特价商品 Make a bargain 达成 协议 离婚协议模板下载合伙人协议 下载渠道分销协议免费下载敬业协议下载授课协议下载 ;做成交易 It?s a good bargain. 好交易。 Disembark v. 下船上岸，下飞机，下车 Embark 上船、飞机或车 Arm——disarm 解除武装 cover——discover like——dislike may——dismay 沮丧的 49 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Assail v. 纠缠 Marble n. 小玻璃球 Inscribe v. 刻写;雕 Describe 描述 Favor n. 好处;优惠 In favor of 赞成;有利于 in one?s favor 受欢迎;有利 out of favor 不利;失宠 This situation both at home and abroad is in our favor. Gesticulate v. (讲话时)打手势 Outrageous adj. 出人预料的;令人不悦的 Thrust v. 硬塞给 thrust sth. into … Thrust sth. on \ upon sb. 迫使某人;硬塞给某人 Be not afraid of greatness: some are born great, some achieve greatness and some have greatness have been trusted. 课文: 1?be loaded with..满载着\装满… They quickly loaded a small boat with food, matches ,and cans of beer… 2?speed v. 急速;快速行驶 Speed to 快速驶去 rush to 匆匆去向 hasten to 匆匆赶往 hurry to 匆匆赶往 On board 在(船、飞机、火车)上 After everyone has been on board , the plane can take off. It was difficult not to be tempted. 3?bargain with sb. How to bargain ? Can you give me a little deal on this? Can you give me this for cheaper? Give me a discount. Give me a break on this. What?s the lowest you are willing to go? 4?no sooner…than…刚\ 一….就…= hardly …when I had no sooner finished my paper than the examination was over. = as soon as… 我刚完成试卷，考试就结束了。 5?have no intention of 没有做…的意图 I have no intention of hurting you. Be impressed by 对…印象深刻 impression n. 压痕;印痕 50 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 6?go to great lengths to do sth. = spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力做某事 He went to great lengths to explain this misunderstanding. 7?It takes sb. sometime to do sth. Get rid of 摆脱;除去 8?approach v. 1) 接近;走进;靠近 2)接洽;交涉;着手处理 Christmas is approaching. He approached the question… 9?fake 假的 genuine 真的 Be worth some money 值…钱 as a special favor 作为一种特殊的优惠 I will give you a birthday present as a special favor. Hold up 1)举起;伸出 2)支撑;承受 3)拦住;耽搁 Indicate 指示;暗示 10?find sth. +adj. 觉得…怎么样 I find English interesting. Body language To shrug to wink at sb. 向某人使眼色 to shake one?s fist at sb. To thumb to thumb down 11?thrust sth. into somewhere In despair 绝望地 readily accept 欣然接受 be pleased with …对..感到满意高兴 To this day 到目前为止 = up till now, until now, so far Lesson 29 Funny or not? 1?90——100% : completely totally entirely 60——90%:largely mostly mainly 30——60%:partly relatively partially 2?A depends on B A取决于B (A是果;B是因) Happiness doesn?t depend upon who you are or what you have. A depends on B A 由B 决定 约等于 A be governed by B \ A be determined by B \ A be dependent on B Success depends on hard work. Success depends on luck. Success partly depends on hard work. Success partly depends on luck. Cool largely depends on the outside and the inside. Whether you cool or not largely depends on the outside and the inside. 3?China is a mysterious and wonderful place, and the Chinese people make this place mysterious 51 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 and wonderful. The most beautiful thing we can experience is the mysterious . It is the source of all true art and all science. 4?互为因果:A is bound up with B \ A is tied to B \ A is connected to B \ A has a connection to B Join….to…..\ associate ….with….. Michelle Obama: My happiness is tied to how I feel about myself. My happiness depends on how I feel about…..s 5?find v. ——think feel 觉得 to have a particular feeling or opinion about someone or something; Find something \ somebody \ easy useful interesting ect. 6?way 方法 In a adj. way in this(that ) way in one?s own way in the same way A in the same way B ——两个人同一件事\ 同一个人两件事\ 两个人两件事 7?fail v. fail to do something 1) not succeed 失败 A woman may fail , but a pipe never (fails) 2)not do something 未能 to not do what is expected ,needed ,or wanted e.g. fail to do something The reason I failed to succeed was I failed to plan. The reason I didn?t succeed. I failed to understand it. Fail to do VS not do The letter failed to arrive. The letter didn?t arrive. Doctors failed to save her life. Doctors didn?t save her life. 8?amusing adj. 逗乐的(especially written) Amusing is more formal than funny. pester 一再要求;纠缠 The poor children pestered the travelers for money. 那些穷孩子缠着游客要钱。 Dread v. anticipate with great apprehension or fear (可预见到的害怕) I dread the rush-hour traffic. 我非常害怕交通高峰期。 Console 安慰;慰问 v. comfort (someone) at a time of grief or disappointment She tried to console him but he pushed her gently away. 52 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Compensate v. give(someone) something in recognition of loss, suffering , or injury incurred Nothing can compensate for the loss of a loved one. 没有什么能补偿失去心爱的人的痛。 课文: 1?be bound up with 与…密切相关 The future of a country is bound up with the education of the young people. 2?laugh to tears 笑出眼泪来 His performance almost make us laugh to tears. 3?be based on 以…作为…的根据\基础 My judgment is based on facts. 4?stem from 起源于…;由于…而发生 Correct decisions stem from correct judgment. Come into fashion 流行起来;开始风行 This style of writing came into fashion at the end of last century. 5?The following example will overturn you previous prejudices against the wealthy. The following example will demonstrate why we need faith in this modern society . 6?Though we tried to amuse Jane every day, she recovery was quite slow, since she was badly hurt after she was jilted. Though her recovery was slow , we felt very excited to see her finally stand up. 7?His chances of being killed in the battle were good . 他很有可能已经在战争中死掉了。 Our chance of leaving you behind when you are so sad are slim. 我们不太可能在你伤心的时候弃你而去。 8?more than was good for him Many more people were killed in the earthquake than was reported in the press. Fan Bingbing in the real life is actually meeker than was known. Grammar (1)引导主语从句(且位于句首)，表语从句、同位语从句、只能用whether Whether he comes or not makes no difference .(主语从句) It is doubtful whether\ if he will come. The question is whether we have enough money. (表语从句) (2)引导宾语从句，但if不用在介词之后;if 不可以与 or not 连用 I?m not interested in whether our salary is low or not. (3)另外，if不用在不动式之前 I haven?t decided whether to go with him. 53 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 Lesson 30 The death of a ghost Ghost town To give up the ghost 死掉了 Go west Go to sleep forever Meet the fate Sleep in the grave Laborer n. 劳动者 Labor Day 劳动节(起源于美国) Overnight adv. 1) 一夜 I told my mother I would stay overnight… 2) 很快地;突然地;一下子 The picture makes Tom famous overnight. Hay n. 干草 Make hay while the sun shines. 趁热打铁 Let?s do more exercise ,as you know we need make hay while the sun shines. Conscientious adj. 认真的;尽责的 a conscientious and hard-working student conscience n. 道德心;良心;意识 without conscience collective conscience 集体意识 suspect v. 怀疑 suspect sb. to be … suspect sb. of doing \ doing sth. I suspect him to be a spy. The police suspected him of stealing the money. Desert v. run away without permission Action n. 战斗;行动 Take action 采取行动 into action 实施;进行活动 out of action 失败;不起作用 You lie is out of action. 课文: 1?haunted 闹鬼的 A haunted house a haunted person 中邪 Haunt v. 1) (鬼等)反复出没于;缠住(某人) 2)(不好的事物)常(在脑中)出现;(疾病等)缠身= assail I?m haunted with gloomy thoughts… 54 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 2?to find …动词不定式做结果状语——表示遗憾或惊讶的结果 Only to do He opened the box with cautiousness, only to find it empty. 不定式做结果状语 3?stay up = burn the midnight oil 熬夜 Claim to do 声称 They claimed to find the new planet. 4?in times 及时\ 位于句首时无及时含义，表渐渐的 It became an accepted fact that….已成为公认的事实 =no one can deny the fact that…. It has become an accepted fact that family education play a vital part in the construction of a child?s character. 5?辨析:suspect 与 doubt 1) 如果后接名词，代词或名词性词组时，两者基本上可通用 I doubt \ suspect the truth of her statement. 2)如果后接that 从句，意思就截然不同 I doubt that he has stolen my watch. 我不相信他偷了我的手表。 I suspect that he has stolen my watch. 我怀疑他偷了我的手表。 Doubt 怀疑其无 suspect 怀疑其有 6?this was indeed the case 7?none other than 不是别人，正是…= no other than There comes a person , who is none other than Cao Cao. 来了个人，不是别人，正是曹操。 Speak of the devil ,then he will appear. 说曹操，曹操到 8?a third brother 三兄弟之一 the third brother 三兄弟中最小的 9?reveal a secret \ conceal a secret 10?be obliged to do 被迫…;不得不… Join the army \ join in the party Join + 组织 Join in + 活动(娱乐项目、体育活动等) 11?remain v. 依然;依旧 He remained firm in the face of the enemy. In action= in armed conflict In operation in working 55 HJF私人笔记，仅用于友情赠送，请勿上传网上或广泛传播 12?thought in their duty to do … 动词 + 形式宾语(it)+ 宾语补足语(名词、形容词)+ to do 13?be unaware of 不知道 be aware of 知道 He hurried home ,anxious to watch the football match. Jenny opened the door quietly, afraid of…. 56