The Comparison Between British and American Political System1

Items America British political system Federal constitutional republic parliamentary democracy and constitution monarchy the constitution The United States has a written constitution, and the American constitution is hard to change. The UK does not have a single document called the constitution but instead its constitutional provisions are scattered over various Acts of Parliament. it is rare for British politicians to argue that the actions or proposals of their opponents are illegal or ultra vires. head of the state The President The King or Queen The way of being the Leader By the election Hereditary Times Term of office No term The Executive Presidential system Parliamentary system Chief of government The President The Prime Minister The power of the Chief The President is the head of state and government as well as commander-in-chief of the army. The Prime Minister usually heads a government with a majority of seats in the House of Commons and the ability to pass almost any legislation that he wishes. The Administration Appointed by the President By the parliament The Administrative System the United States carries out a typical of the centralized administrative system. The president is the head of state and government as well as commander-in-chief of the army. Britain executes dual administrative system. The dual parliamentary system of administrative system is the result of the long-term evolution Political party System the Democratic Party the Republican Party the Labor Party the Conservative Party the Liberal Party Separation of Powers 1.A defining feature of the American constitution is the powers of the executive, the legislature and the judiciary. 2.In the United States, because of the separation of the powers, no Cabinet member is allowed to be a member of the Congress. 1.The British political system has no such formal separation of the powers 2. In Britain, every Government Minister must be a member of one of the two Houses of Parliament and, if he or she is not already in the Parliament, he or she is made a peer. The Legal System The Congress the U.S. congress is the highest legislative branch, which consists of the senate and the House of Representatives. The main powers of congress are legislative power, supervisory power of judicial administration, examination and approval authority and amending power. In addition, congress can pass the resolution which does not need the president to sign. The Parliament Parliament is the center of the British political stage and is Britain's top legislative branch. The government is elected from the parliament and it should be responsible for the parliament. Parliament is a bicameral legislature. The House of Commons and the House of Lords constitute the British Parliament. The Judiciary The Supreme Court is an intensely political institution - its members are appointed by the President. The Supreme Court is not appointed on a political basis and, like all British courts, avoids making decisions which it regards as proper to politicians and Parliament. The judicial System In Britain, judiciary contains civil court and criminal court. British justice has three different kinds of legal systems. The main characteristics of American judicial system are implementing the principle of separation of powers, judicial independence. The court divided into the federal and local organization system. The Supreme Court has the right to enjoy special judicial review. The Legislature the Senate-- President of the Senate the House of Representatives --Speaker of the House the House of Commons---Mr.Speaker the House of Lords ---- The Lord Chancellor The Electoral System The British general election system is actually elected MPs, the king and Lords aren't elected. The United States, regardless of Congress,Senator or the president, are elected directly by the citizens. Election and Campaign 1.The term of a President, Senator or Congressman is known precisely as four years, six years and two years respectively and the dates of the elections are fixed. 2.Candidates for the Presidency, the Senate and the House of Representatives - plus a host of other positions below federal level - in the US political system are chosen by a system of primaries. 3.The American general election effectively lasts almost two years, starting with the declaration of candidates for the primaries. 1.The term of members of the House of Commons - and therefore of the Government - is legally a maximum of five years but traditionally a Prime Minister could call a general election whenever he or she wished. 2.Britain does not have a system of primaries and the selection of candidates is normally confined to actual members of the relevant political party in the constituency in question. 3.The British general election lasts around four weeks.