水利水文术语表中英对照

水圈hydrosphere小气候microclimate水体waterbody副热带（亚热带）subtropiczone水科学waterscience比湿specifichumidity水文学hydrology蒲福风级Beaufortwindscale陆地水文学landhydrology霜点frostpoint应用水文学appliedhydrology霜冻frostbite工程水文学engineeringhydrology无霜期frost－freeperiod水汽watervapour流域watershed(basin)水文要素hydrologicelements闭合流域enclosedbasin积雪snowcover不闭合流域non－enclosedbasin终雪latestsnow闭流区（内流区）blingdrainagearea融雪snowmelt分水线（分水岭）divide冰雹hail流域几何特征basingeometriccharacteristics截留interception河道复流（河道再生）resurgence填洼depressiondetention常年河perennialstream地面滞留surfacedetention间歇河intermittentstream陆面蒸发evaporationofland悬河（地上河）elevatedstream水面蒸发evaporationofwatersurface夺流河（断头河）capturedriver土壤蒸发evaporationfromsoil盈水河gainingstream散发（植物蒸腾）transpiration亏水河losingstream蒸发能力evaporationcapability暴洪河流flashystream下渗（入渗）infiltration界河boundaryriver稳渗steadyinfiltration废河道（古河道）deadriver下渗能力infiltrationcapability凹岸concavebank河川径流riverrunoff凸岸convexbank降雨径流rainfallrunoff岸壁landwall暴雨径流stormrunoff水边线（岸线）waterline融雪径流snowmeltrunoff堤防levee枯季径流dryseasonrunoff河长riverlength基流baseflow河弯riverbend阴塞高压blockinghigh弯曲率tortuosity低空急流low－leveljet航道navigablechannel低涡vortex河段reach反气旋（高压）anticyclone潜洲submergedbar气旋（低压）cyclone水利学hydraulics热带气旋tropiccyclone明渠水力学openchannelhydraulics热带低压tropicdepression水静力学hydrostatics热带风暴tropicstorm水动力学hydrodynamics强热带风暴severetropicstorm明渠水流openchannelflow气团airmass恒定流steadyflow锋（锋面）front非恒定流unsteadyflow气象meteorology均匀流（等速流）uniformflow气候区划climaticregionalization非均匀流（变速流）non－uniformflow气候带climaticzone急流supercriticalflow缓流subcriticalflow平封flatfreeze－up异重流densitycurrent立封uprightfreeze－up临界流criticalflow冰盖icecover临界水深criticaldepth连底冻groundedicecover临界流速criticalvelocity冰丘icemound临界流量criticaldischarge封冻冰缘iceedgeoffreeze－up水头head清沟lead位置水头（位能）elevationhead初生清沟primarylead低强水头（压能）pressurehead再生清沟secondarylead流速水头（动能）velocityhead冰花路毡sludgeroadfelt雷诺数Reymoldnumber冰上覆雪snowcoveroverice韦伯数Webernumber冰脊iceridge水力因素hydraulicfactor冰缝crack湿周wettedperimeter悬冰suspendedicecover水力半径hydraulicradius冰堆icepack宽深比width－depthratio冰塞icejam落差fall冰上结冰aufeis驻波standingwave解冻期break－upperiod移动波translationwave冰变色colorchangeoficecover河流动力学riverdynamics冰上有水accumulationofmeltwater山洪侵蚀torrentialerosion月中天lunartransit流域产沙量watershedsedimentyield引潮力tidalgenerationforce溶解性总固体totaldissolvedsolids天文潮astronomictide离子含量ionconcentration气象潮metorologictide离子总量totalionconcentration潮汐周期tidalcycle离子流量iondischarge半日潮semidiurnaltide矿化度mineralcontent全日潮diurnaltide盐度salinity混合潮mixedtide碱度alkalinity大潮springtide酸度acidity小潮neaptide电导率electricconductivity中潮moderatetide混浊度（浊度）turbidity太阴月lunarday总需氧量totaloxygendemand潮期durationoftide溶解氧dissolvedoxygen涨潮历时durationoftidalrise需氧量oxygendemand落潮历时durationoftidalfall生化需氧量biochemicaloxygendemand潮流tidalcurrent滑雪需氧量chemicaloxygendemand涨潮流floodtidalcurrent硬度hardness落潮流ebbtidalcurrent非碳酸盐硬度（永久硬度）non－carbonate憩流slacktidehardness潮流速tidalvelocity浮冰floatingice往复流reversingcurrent锚冰anchorice旋转流rotarycurrent封冻期freeze－upperiod潮流期durationoftidalcurrent封冻（封河）freeze－up涨潮流历时durationoffloodcurrent地下水流速velocityofgroundwaterflow侧向补给lateralrecharge地下水坡度（地下水水面坡度）越流补给leakagerechargehydraulicgradientofgroundwater灌溉补给系数irrigationrechargecoefficient地下水等水位线图water－tablecontourmapofgroundwater含水层aquifer潜水蒸发phreaticwaterevaporation含水岩系water－contentrockseries潜水蒸发临界深度criticaldepthofphreatic含水岩组water－contentrockformationwaterevaporation含水岩性water－contentrockproperty潜水溢出量phreaticwateroverflowtosurface含水介质water－hearingmedium潜水位phreaticwaterlevel均匀介质homogeneousmedium潜水埋深burieddepthofphreaticwaterlevel非均匀介质inhomogeneousmedium潜水含水层厚度thicknessofphreaticwater含水层边界aquiferboundaryaquifer透水边界permeableboundary内流湖endorheiclake隔水边界confiningboundary淡水湖freshlake弱透水边界acquittedboundary咸水湖saltlake透水层permeablebed盐湖salinelake隔水层confiningbed季节性湖泊seasonallake弱透水层acquitter富营养湖泊eutrophiclake水文地质参数hydrogeologicalparameters贫营养湖泊poornutrientlake渗透系数permeabilitycoefficient湖流lakecurrent导水系数(释水系数）梯度流gradientcurrentcoefficientoftransmissivity漂流currentoffriction贮水系数storativity湖泊波漾（假湖）lakeseiche水位传导系数（水力扩散系数）湖泊增减水lakewinddenivellationcoefficientofwatertableconductivity湖泊率lakeratio压力传导系数湖泊补给系数rechargecoefficientoflakecoefficientofpressureconductivity湖泊换水周期lakeresidenceperiod持水度water－holdingcapacity湖盆lakebasin土壤水分常数soilmoistureconstants湖面高程elevationofwaterlevelinlake土壤吸湿系数absorptioncoefficientofsoil岛屿率insulositymoisture湖泊分层lakelayering凋萎系数wiltingcoefficient正温层directthermalstratification田间持水量fieldcapacity逆温层inversethermalstratification毛管断裂含水量湖泊形态参数morphometricparameteroflakemoisturecontentatcapillaryrupture高位沼泽（贫营养沼泽）mainlevelmire最大水分吸水量中位沼泽（中营养沼泽）mediumlevelmiremaximummolecularmoisturecontent沼泽水量平衡waterbalanceofmire零通量面法zerofluxplanemethod沼泽水mirewater潜水phreaticwater沼泽蒸发mireevaporation降水入渗补给precipitationrecharge沼泽径流mirerunoff降水入渗补给系数coefficientofprecipitation沼泽表面流surfaceflowofmirerecharge沼泽表层流surfacelayerflowofmire地表水补给surfacewaterrecharge沼泽含水性moisturepropertyofmire凝结水补给condensationrecharge沼泽持水性waterretentionofmire沼泽透水性perviousnessofmire设站年限stationrequiredage沼泽率mireratio基面datum冰川glacier临时水准点temporarybenchmark山地冰川（山岳冰川）mountainglacier测验断面measuringcross－section谷冰川valleyglacier基本水尺断面basicgaugecross－section宽尾冰川broad－tailglacier流速仪测流断面冰斗冰川cirqueglaciercurrent－metermeasuringcross－section悬冰川hangingglacier浮标测流断面floatmeasuringcross－section贯通冰川（山麓冰川）penetratingglacier比降水尺断面slopemeasuringcross－section冰原icefield辅助水尺断面冰川平衡线equilibriumlineofglaciersecondarygaugingcross－section委托观测entrustgauging临时测流断面水文仪器hydrologicinstrumenttemporarymeasuringcross－section直读仪器direct－readinginstrument水文缆道hydrometriccableway自记仪器automatic－recordinginstrument悬索缆道suspendedcableway遥测仪器remotetelemetryunit悬杆缆道suspendedrodcableway固态存贮器solidstorage机动缆道motorizedcableway计数器counter手动缆道hand－operatingcableway 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器recorder循环索loopcable显示器displayunit起重索suspensioncable平均无故障工作时间水文缆车hydrometriccablecarmeantimebetweenfailures吊船过河索cablewayforanchoringboat相应水位equivalentstage缆道测验仪cablewaymeasuringdevice水文测站hydrometricstation水文测船hydrometricboat基本站basicstation水文测桥hydrometricbridge辅助站auxiliarystation桥测车gaugingvehicleonbridge专用站specialstation水文巡测车水文试验站hydraulicexperimentalstationtourgaugingvehicleforhygrometry基准水文站benchmarkhydrologicstation雨量器raingauge水文气象站hydrometeorologystation承水器raingaugereceiver巡测站tourgaugingstation量杯measuringglass水文站gaugingstation渠积雨量器accumulativeraingauge雨量站网raingaugingnetwork雨量计rainfallrecorder水面蒸发站网虹吸式雨量计siphonrainfallrecorderwatersurfaceevaporationnetwork翻斗式雨量计水位站网stagegaugingnetworktipping－bucketrainfallrecorder泥沙站网sedimentgaugingnetwork长期雨量计long－termrainfallrecorder水质站网waterqualitynetwork遥测雨量计telemeteringrainfallrecorder地下水观测井网测雨雷达precipitation－monitoringradargroundwatervoservationwellnetwork雪量线snowgauge站网规划hydrologicnetworkplanning雨雪量计rainandsnowrecorder水文分区hydrologicregionalization蒸发量evaporation站网布设networklayout蒸发量观测evaporationobservation容许最稀站网minimumnetwork蒸发量折算系数reductioncoefficientofevaporation流速梯度velocitygradient遮挡率screenratio垂线流速分布verticalvelocitydistribution蒸发器evaporationpan断面流速分布cross－sectionvelocity小型蒸发器（蒸发皿）smallevaporationpandistributionE－601型蒸发器水面流速分布surfacevelocitycoefficientevaporationpanoftypeE－601顺流downstreamflow漂浮蒸发器floatingevaporationpan逆流upstreamflow蒸发计evaporimeter流速脉动velocitypulsation遇测蒸发计telemeteringevaporimeter中泓流速midstream钩形水尺hookgauge流向测量flow－directionmeasurement最高水位水尺creststagegauge体积法cubature校核水尺checkgauge流速仪current－meter基本水尺断面basicgauge转子式流速仪辅助水尺断面auxiliarygaugerotating－elementcurrent－meter比降水尺断面slopegauge旋杯式流速仪cup－typecurrent－meter临时水尺temporarygauge旋桨式流速仪propeller－typecurrent－meter水位计stagegauge电波流速仪electricwavecurrent－meter自记水位计stagerecorder超声波剖面流速仪浮子式水位计float－typestagerecorderultrasonicprofilecurrent－meter压力式水位计pressure－typestagerecorder多普勒流速仪Dopplercurrent－meter超声波水位计ultrasonicstagerecorder参证流速仪referencecurrent－meter遥测水位计telemeteringstagerecorder流量计flowmeter接触试水位计contact－typestagerecorder文杜里水流计Venturiflowmeter远传水位计telecontrolstagerecorder毕托管Pitottube自记水位计台stagerecorderinstallation流速仪检定current－metercalibration静水井stillingwell检定槽calibrationtank测得水深measureddepth检定车calibrationcarriage有效水深effectivedepth水面浮标surfacefloat相对水深relativedepth小浮标smallfloat断面平均水深meandepthatacross－section双浮标doublefloat干绳改正airlinecorrection浮杆float－rod湿绳改正wetlinecorrection堰顶高程elevationofweircrest测点流速velocitymeasurement堰顶水头weirhead测速垂线surfacevelocity水工建筑物测流水面流速velocityatapointflowmeasurementbyhydraulicstructure测点流速maximumpointvelocity闸门开启高度gateopening最大测点流速velocity－measuringvertical行近河槽approachchannel垂线平均流速meanvelocityatavertical行近流速approachvelocity部分平均流速meanvelocityatasegment堰流weirflow断面平均流速cross－sectionvelocity流态flowregimedistribution自由流freeflow浮标流速pointvelocitycoefficient淹没流submergedflow中泓流速surfacevelocitycoefficient半淹没流half－submergedflow流速分布velocitydistribution孔流sluiceflow射流jetflow中数粒径medianparticlediameter淹没比submergenceratio平均粒径meanparticlediameter淹没系数submergencecoefficient等容粒径nominaldiameter流速系数velocitycoefficient投影粒径projecteddiameter流量系数dischargecoefficient三轴平均粒径triaxialmeanparticlediameter稀释法测流dilutionmethodfordischarge几何平均粒径measurementgeometricmeanparticlediameter示踪剂tracer筛析粒径sievediameter 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溶液standardsolution沉降粒径settlingdiameter背景浓度backgroundconcentrationsolution粒径组fractionofparticlesize稀释比dilutionratio颗粒级配grain－sizedistribution推移质输沙率测验bedloaddischarge颗粒级配曲线grain－sizedistributioncurvemeasurement单样颗粒级配器策法samplingmethodindexsamplegrain－sizedistribution坑测法pitmethod垂线平均颗粒级配沙波法dunetrackingmethodmeangrain－sizedistributioninavertical床沙测验bedmaterialmeasurement对照断面checkcross－section照相法photographicmethod控制断面controlcross－section打印法stamppadmethod消减断面attenuationcross－section床沙采样器bedmaterialsampler水样保存water－samplepreservation悬移质采样器suspendedsedimentsampler检出率detectedratio瞬时式采样器instantaneoussampler超标率over－limitratio积时式采样器time－integratingsampler痕迹量trace瓶式采样器bottledsampler未检出nonreadout皮囊式采样器collapsiblesample回收率recoveryratio泵式采样器pumpingsampler溶解气体采样器dissolvedgasessampler调压式采样器pressureadjustablesampler冰情观测ice－regimeobservation同位素测沙仪固定点冰厚测址radioisotopesedimentconcentrationmeterfixed－pointicethicknessmeasurement光电测沙仪冰情目测visualobservationoficeregimephotoelectricsedimentconcentrationmeter冰情符号icecode振动式测沙仪冰情图ice－regimechartavibrationalsedimentconcentrationmeter初冰日期first－icedate推移质采样器bedloadsampler封冰日期freeze－update网式采样器basket－typesampler解冻日期break－update吸管pipet终冰日期endicedate光电颗分仪photoelectricparticlesizemeter封冻历时freeze－upduration比重计（密度计）hydrometer水浸冰厚thicknessofimmersedice泥沙沉降sedimentsettling敲露水面宽open－waterwidth沉降速度settlingvelocity冰流量icedischarge平均沉速meansettlingvelocity等深点流速改正法絮凝flocculationrevisedisobath－velocitymethod反凝剂defloeculant流速过程线改正法粒径particlediameterrevisedvelocity－hydrographmethod有效潮差significanttidalrange站年stationyear负波高negativewaveheight极值extremevalue水库水文测验hygrometryofreservoir加权平均法weightedmeanmethod入库水量reservoirinflow断流水位stageofzeroflow出库水量reservoiroutflow河干riverofzeroflow水库供水reservoirwatersupply水文过程线hydrograph水库弃水水文综合过程线synthetichydrographsurpluswaterreleasedfromereservoir等值线isopleth水库渗漏量reservoirseepagevolume分布曲线distributioncurve水库蓄水变量variationofreservoirstorage水文特征值hydrologiccharacteristicvalue水库蓄水变率rateofreservoirstoragechange径流总量totalrunoff坝上水位stagebehinddam径流模数runoffmodulus库区水位stageinreservoirregion径流系数runoffcoefficient水库淤积测量reservoirsedimentationsurvey洪峰floodpeak水库淤积量reservoirsedimentationvolume洪水流量peakdischarge地形法methodoftopographicsurvey洪水总量floodvolume断面法methodofcross－sectionsurvey输沙模数modulusofsedimentrunoff淤积形态morphologyofreservoirdeposition水位流量关系stage－dischargerelation淤积三角洲sedimentationdelta连时序法chronologicalmethod淤积物密度drydensityofreservoirdeposition绳套曲线loopcurve岩溶地区水文调查hydrologicinvestigationin流量过程线法dischargehydrographmethodkarstareas潮汐要素法tidalfactorrelationmethod实际地表集水面积actualsurfacecolleting定潮汐要素法areaconstanttidalfactorrelationmethod水文实验研究合轴相关法coaxialcorrelationmethodexperimentalresearchinhydrology一潮推流法methodofdischargecomputation代表流域representativebasinforasingletide实验流域experimentalbasin水位流量关系single－valuedprocessingof相似流域similarbasinstage－dischargerelation径流实验研究experimentalresearchinrunoff关系曲线延长extensionofrelationcurve径流场runoffplot流率表ratingtable人工降雨装置artificialrainfalldevice单断沙关系indexandcross－sectionaverage蒸发实验研究sedimentconcentrationrelationexperimentalresearchinevaporation单断沙关系曲线法indexandcross－section蒸发池evaporationtankaeragesedimentconcentrationrelationcurve土壤蒸发器soilevaporatormethod蒸散器evapotranspirometer水位单断沙比关系曲线法stageversusratio农田蒸发器evaporatorforagriculturallandofindexandcross－sectionaveragesediment蒸渗仪lysimeterconcentrationrelationcurvemethod地下水均衡场groundwaterbalanceplot单断沙比过程线法hydrographmethodof合理性检查rationalexaminationindexandcross－sectionaveragesediment电算整编processingbycomputerconcentrationratio水文年鉴wateryear－book单样过程线法hydrographmethodofindex测站考证stationexaminationsedimentconcentration真值truevalue伏汛summerflood测量值（实测值）measuredvalue汛期floodseason最或然值mostprobablevalue防汛flooddefence绝对误差absoluteerror报汛站flood－reportingstation相对误差relativeerror报汛站网flook－reportingnetwork插机误差（偶然误差）randomerror常年水情站允许误差permissibleerrorperennialhydrologicreportingstation伪误差（粗差）spurious汛期水情站方差variancehydrologicreportingstationinfloodseason标准差standarddeviation辅助水清站网相对标准差relativestandarddeviationauxiliaryhydrologicreportingnetwork离差（偏差）deviation洪水警报floodwarning闭合差closureerror点雨量pointrainfall平差adjustment面雨量arealrainfall精密度precision泰森多边形Thiessenpolygon准确度correctness等雨量线法isohyetalmethod垂线抽样误差（M型误差）measuringvertical产流runoffyieldsamplingerror蓄满产流runoffyieldatnaturalstorage分布式数据库distributedtypedatabase超渗产流runoffyieldinexcessofinfiltration集中式数据库concentratedtypedatabase产流面积areaofrunoffyield网络式数据库networktypedatabase地表径流（直接径流）directrunoff层次数据库laminarizationdatabase地面流（坡面流）surfaceflowofmire层次数据模型laminarizationdatamodel壤中流promptsubsurfaceflow网状数据模型networkdatamodel前期影响雨量antecedentrainfall数据量databulk土壤缺水量soilmoisturedeficit结点node下渗能力曲线（下渗曲线）水文数据库hydrologicdatabaseinfiltrationcapabilitycurve水文基本数据库hydrologicbasicdatabase初损initiallosses湖泊水文预报hydrologicfirecastingoflake后损（后渗）continuinglosses施工水文预报坡面汇流overlandflowconcentrationhydrologicforecastingforconstructionperiod河网汇流（河槽汇流）潮汐预报tidalpredictionrivernetworkflowconcentration旱情预报soilmoistureforecasting地下汇流groundwaterflowconcentration地下水动态预报汇流曲线flowconcentrationcurvegroundwaterregimeforecasting流域汇流曲线basinflowconcentrationcurve预见期forecastleadtime坡面汇流曲线超长期水文预报overlandflowconcentrationcurveextendedlong－termhydrologicforecasting河网汇流曲线作业预报operationalforecastingrivernetworkflowconcentrationcurve预报 方案 气瓶 现场处置方案 .pdf气瓶 现场处置方案 .doc见习基地管理方案.doc关于群访事件的化解方案建筑工地扬尘治理专项方案下载 forecastscheme地下汇流曲线评定标准accuracystandardgroundwaterflowconcentrationcurve方案合格率qualifiedratioofscheme流域汇流时间basinflowconcentrationtime确定性系数deterministiccoefficient洪峰滞时peaktimelag汛seasonalflood流域滞时basintimelag等流滞时isochronesystem单位线unithydrograph混合式系统mixsystem经验单位线empiricatunithydrograph时分制遥测系统综合单位线syntheticunithydrographtime－divisiontelemetrysystem瞬时单位线instantaneousunithydrograph频分制遥测系统地貌瞬时单位线frequency－divisiontelemetrysystemgeomorphologicinstantaneousunithydrograph误码率probabilityofworderror坡地单位线slopeunithydrograph接受率receivingprobability河网单位线rivernetworkunithydrograph 设计 领导形象设计圆作业设计ao工艺污水处理厂设计附属工程施工组织设计清扫机器人结构设计 站designstationS－曲线S－curve设计流域designwatershed无因次单位线dimensionlessunithydrograph代表站representativestation退水曲线recessioncurve参证站bench－markstation水文模型hydrologicmodel典型年（代表年）typicyear水文物理模型（水文实体模型）水文系列hydrologicserieshydrophysicalmodel同步系列synchronousseries比尺模型scalemodel系列代表性seriesrepresentativeness比拟模型analoguemodel柱状图histogram水文数学模型hydrologicmathematicmodel诺谟图monogram水文概念模型physically－basedhydrologic输沙量计算（固体径流计算）mathematicmodelcomputationofsedimentrunoff水文数学物理模型水库回水计算deterministichydrologicmodelcomputationofreservoirbackwater确定性水文模型stochastichydrologicmodel水库淤积计算分散式模型distributedmodelcomputationofreservoirsedimentation集总式模型lumpedmodel水库下游河道冲刷计算线性水温模型linearhydrologicmodelcomputationofdegradationbelowreservoir非线性水文模型nonlinearhydrologicmodel溃坝洪水计算evaluationofdambreakflood时不变水文模型感潮河段水力计算hydrauliccalculationfortime－invarianthydrologicmodeltidalreach时变水文模型time－varianthydrologicmodel样本容量samplesize流域水文数学模型随机变量randomvariablehydrologicmathematicmodelofwatershed随机系列randomseries模型结构modelstructure累计频率（频率）cumulativefrequency模型参数modelparameter经验频率empiricalfrequency模型误差modelerror水文频率分布曲线（水文频率曲线）模型率定modelcalibrationhydrologicfrequencydistributioncurve模型检验modelverification皮尔逊分布Pearsondistribution水文模拟hydrologicsimulation对数正态分布lognormaldistribution遥测终端机telemetryterminalmeter频率 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 frequencyanalysis中继机relaymeter随机模拟stochasticsimulation前置通信控制机时间序列timeseriespresetcommunicationcontroller随机水文分析hydrologicstochasticanalysis自报式系统self－reportingsystem趋势项trendterm查询－应答式系统polling－answerback周期项cycleterm随机项stochasticterm可能最大露点probablemaximumdewpoint调和分析（谐波分析）harmonicanalysis暴雨移置改正stormtranspositioncorrection潜分析spectrumanalysis流域形状改正watershedshapecorrection回归分析（相关分析）regressionanalysis水汽改正moisturecorrection相关系数correlationcoefficient入流障碍改正inflowobstaclecorrection自回归分析autoregressionanalysis综合改正syntheticcorrection逐步回归分析stepwiseregressionanalysis暴雨幅合分量设计供水designfloodconvergencecomponentofstorm溢洪道设计洪水spillwaydesignflood地形增强因子topographicincreasingfactor分期设计洪水stagedesignflood等百分数法isopercentalmethod施工设计洪水可能最大洪水probablemaximumflooddesignfloodforconstructionperiod涝surfacewaterlogging校核洪水checkflood渍subsurfacewaterlogging实测洪水observedflood排涝surfacewaterloggingcontrol调查洪水investigatedflood排渍subsurfacewaterloggingcontrol古洪水paleoflood排涝规划waterloggingcontrolplanning坝址洪水dam－siteflood排涝标准standardforwaterloggingcontrol入库洪水reservoirinflowflood排涝计算computationofwaterloggingcontrol分项调查法设计排涝流量item－by－iteminvestigationmethoddesigndischargeforsurfacedrainage降雨径流模型法设计排渍流量designdrainagedischargeofrainfall－runoffmodelmethodsubsurfacewaterloggingcontrol蒸发差值法evaporationdifferencemethod设计排涝水位径流年内分配annualdistributionofrunoffdesignwaterlevelforsurfacedrainage径流多年变化multiyearvariationofrunoff水荒waterfamine丰水期high－waterperiod水资源评价waterresourcesassessment平水期normal－waterperiod水资源基础评价枯水期（枯季）low－flowperiodwaterresourcesbasicassessment丰水年wetyear水量评价waterquantityassessment平水年（中水年）normalyear水质评价waterqualityassessment枯水年dryyear地表水资源评价特枯水年extraordinarydryyearsurfacewaterresourcesassessment连续丰水年continuouswetyears水资源评价指标连续枯水年continuousdryyearsindexesofwaterresourcesassessment水文年鉴wateryear水资源总量totalamountofwaterresources设计雨型designstormpattern地表水资源量surfacewaterresourcesamount暴雨路径stormtrack地下水资源量groundwaterresourcesamount暴雨时程分配timedistributionofstorm可利用量utilizablewater暴雨地区分布specialdistributionofstorm地下水可开采量groundwateravailableyield暴雨参数等值线stormparametricisolinemap可供水量availablewatersupply点面换算系数径流调节runoffregulationpoint－areaconversioncoefficient综合利用水库调节（多目标水库调节）定点定面关系reservoirregulationforcomprehensivefixedpoint－fixedarearelationshiputilization水库调洪reservoirfloodrouting无机物水污染水库供水调节waterpollutionbyinorganicsubstancesreservoirregulationforwatersupply有机物水污染水电站径流调节waterpollutionbyorganicsubstancesrunoffregulationofhydropowerregulation有毒物质水污染水库反调节reregulatingreservoirwaterpollutionbytoxicsubstances水库群调节multi－reservoirregulation放射性水污染radioactivewaterpollution径流调节计算热污染thermalpollutioncomputationofrunoffregulation生物水污染waterpollutionbyorganism时历法（长系列操作法）chronologicalseries富营养化eutrophicationmethod次生水污染secondarywaterpollution概率法（数理统计法）probabilitymethod地下水污染groundwaterpollution随机模拟法stochasticsimulationmethod水污染常规分析指标调节周期regulatingperiodindexofroutineanalysisforwaterpollution目标函数objectivefunction水污染遥感监测约束方程constraintequationremote－sensingmonitoringofwaterpollution状态变量statevariable污染物pollutant决策变量decisionvariable污染物迁移transportofpollutant数学规划mathematicprogramming机械迁移physicaltransport线性规划linearprogramming物理－化学迁移physicochemicaltransport非线性规划nonlinearprogramming人为污染源artificialpollutionsource水库防洪调度天然污染源naturalpollutionsourcefloodcontrolschedulingofreservoir污染源调查investigationofpollutionsources水库实时调度real－timereservoirscheduling污染源控制pollutionsourcecontrol水库群调度multi－reservoirscheduling水质参数waterqualityparameters水库预报调度水质模型waterqualitymodelreservoirschedulingbasedonforecast水温模型watertemperaturemodel抽水蓄能pumpedstorage水质生物评价水沙调度schedulingofwaterandsedimentbiologicassessmentofwaterquality水环境waterenvironment水环境效益waterenvironmentaleffect水环境要素（水环境基质）水污染环境效应environmentaleffectofwaterwaterenvironmentelementspollution水环境背景值（水环境本底值）水环境保护waterenvironmentalprotectionwaterenvironmentalbackgroundvalue水质规划waterqualityplanning水生态系统aquaticecosystem河流水质规划riverwaterqualityplanning化学径流chemicalrunoff水库水质规划reservoirwaterqualityplanning环境用水environmentalwater水污染综合防治规划planningof环境水文学environmentalhydrologycomprehensivewaterpollutioncontrol环境水力学environmentalhydraulics水源保护区protectionzoneofwatersource环境水化学