2021年度全国医学博士英语统考真题及参考答案精选

全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷答题须知请考生一方面将自己姓名、所在考点、准考证号在原则答题卡上认真填写清晰，并按“考场指令”规定，在原则答题卡上，将准考证号相应位置涂好。试卷一（paperone）和试卷二（papertwo）答案都做在原则答题卡上， 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 面 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达一定要用黑色签字笔或钢笔写在原则答题卡上指定区域，不要做在试卷上。试卷一答题答题时必要使用2B铅笔，将所选答案按规定在相应位置涂黑；如要改正，先用橡皮擦干净。原则答题卡不可折叠，同步必要保持平整干净，以利评分。听力考试只放一遍录音，每道题后有15秒左右答题时间。PaperOnePartIListeningcomprehension(30%)SectionADirections：Inthissectionyouwillhearfifteenshortconversionsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversion，youwillhearaquestionaboutwhatissaid.Thequestionwillbereadonlyonce.Afteryouhearthequestion，readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Listentothefollowingexample.Youwillhear:Woman：Ifeelfaint.Man：Nowonder.Youhaven’thadabiteallday.Question：What’sthematterwiththewoman?Youwillread:A.Sheissick.B.Shewasbittenbyanant.C.Sheishungry.D.Shespilledherpaint.HereCistherightanswer.SampleAnswerCABDNowlet’sbeginwithquestionNumber1.A.She’slookingforagift.B.Sheneedsanewpurse.C.She’sgoingtogiveabirthdayparty.D.Shewantstogoshoppingwithhermom.A.Shehearsnoisesinherearsdayandnight.B.Shehasbeenoverworkingforalongtime.C.Herrightear，hurtinanaccident，istroublingher.D.Herearringsaregivinghertroubledayandnight.A.He’llgotoseeMr.Whiteat10:30tomorrow.B.He’dliketomakeanearlierappointment.C.He’dliketocanceltheappointment.D.He’dliketoseeanotherdentist.A.8:00B.8:15C.8:40D.8:45A.Inahotel.B.Atafastfoodbar.C.Inthesupermarket.D.Inthedepartmentstore.A.Toresignrightaway.Toworkonemoredayaschairman.Tothinktwicebeforehemakethedecision.Toreceivefurthertraininguponhisresignation.A.Shedidn’tdoanythinginparticular.ShesendawoundedpersontotheER.ShehadtoworkintheER.Shewentskiing.A.Acustomsofficer.B.Theman’smother.C.Aschoolheadmaster.D.Animmigrationofficer.A.Itfeelsasiftheroomisgoingaround.Itfeelslikeakindofunsteadiness.Itfeelsasifsheisfallingdown.Itfeelsasifsheisgoingaround.A.Johnhashiddensomethinginthetree.Johnhimselfshouldbeblamed.Johnhasadogthatbarksalot.Johnisunlucky.A.Thechemistryhomeworkisdifficult.Thechemistryhomeworkisfun.Themathhomeworkisdifficult.Themathhomeworkisfun.A.Hisbackache.B.Hisbrokenleg.C.Hisskinproblem.D.Hiseyecondition.A.Whoopingcough，smallpoxandmeasles.Whoopingcough，chickenpoxandmeasles.Whoopingcough，smallpoxandGermanmeasles.Whoopingcough，chickenpoxandGermanmeasles.A.Saturdaymorning.B.Saturdaynight.C.Saturdayafternoon.D.Nextweekend.A.He’slosthisnotebook.Hishandwritingismessy.He’llmissclasslatterthisweek.Hecannotmakeitforhisappointment.SectionBDirections：Inthissectionyouwillhearoneconversionandtwopassages，aftereachofwhich，youwillhearfivequestions.Aftereachquestion，readthefourpossibleanswersmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.ConversationA.Heishavingaphysicalcheckup.Hehasjustundergoneanoperation.Hehasjustrecoveredfromanillness.Hewillbedischargedfromthehospitalthisafternoon.A.Hegotaninfectioninthelungs.Hehadhisgallbladderinflamed.Hewassufferingfrominfluenza.Hehaddevelopedabigkidneytone.A.Alotbetter.B.Terriblyawful.C.Couldn’tbebetter.D.Okay，butabitweak.A.Tobeconfinedtoawheelchair.Tostayindoorsforacompleterecovery.Tostayinbedanddrinkalotofwater.Tomoveaboutandenjoythesunshine.A.From4pmto6pm.B.From5pmto7pm.C.From6pmto8pm.D.From7pmto9pm.PassageOneA.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandsleepdeprivation.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandsleepdeprivation.Thelinkbetweenweightlossandphysicalexercise.Thelinkbetweenweightgainandphysicalexercise.A.Morethan68,000.B.Morethan60,800.C.Morethan60,080.D.Morethan60,008.A.Sever-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethan5-hourones.Five-hoursleepersgainedmoreweightovertimethan7-hourones.Short-sleeperswere15%morelikelytobecomeobese.Short-sleepersconsumedfewercaloriesthanlongsleepers.A.Overeatingamongthesleep-deprived.Littleexerciseamongthesleep-deprived.Lowermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.Highermetabolicrateresultingfromlesssleep.A.Exerciseeveryday.B.Takedietpills.C.Goonadiet.D.Sleepmore.PassageTwoA.Sheistoohardonme.Sheaskstoomanyquestions.Sheisalwaysconsiderateofmyfeelings.Sheisthemeanestmotherintheneighborhood.A.Auniversityinstructor.B.Ateachingassistant.C.AphDstudent.D.Apsychiatrist.A.Theyusuallysayno.Theyusuallysayyes.Theyusuallywaitandsee.Theyusuallyrefusetosayanything.A.Theyareoverconfident.Theirbrainsgrowtoofast.Theyarepsychologicallydependent.Theirbrainsarestillimmatureinsomeareas.A.Beeasyonyourteen.Trytobemeantoyourteen.Saynotoyourteenwhennecessary.Don’tcareaboutyourteen’sfeelings.PartIIVocabulary(10%)SectionADirections：Inthissectionallthestatementsareincomplete，beneatheachofwhicharefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosethewordorphrasethatcanbestcompletethestatementandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.31.Anumberofblackyouthshavecomplainedofbeingbythepolice.A.harassedB.distractedC.sentencedD.released32.Herapidlybecamewithhisownpowerintheteam.A.irrigatedB.irradiatedC.streetlightD.torchlight33.Throughouthispoliticalcareerhehasalwaysbeeninthe.A.twilightB.spotlightC.streetlightD.torchlight34.Wethatdietisrelatedtomosttypesofcancerbutwedon’thavedefiniteproof.A.suspendB.superveneC.superviseD.suspect35.Apatientwhoisdyingofincurablecancerofthethroatisinterriblepain，whichcannolongerbesatisfactorily.A.alleviatedB.abolishedC.demolishedD.diminished36.Thetelevisionstationissupportedbyfromfoundationsandothersources.A.donationsB.pensionsC.advertisementsD.accounts37.Morelegislationisneededtoprotectthepropertyrightsofthepatent.A.integrativeB.intellectualC.intelligentD.intelligible38.Officialsaresupposedtothemselvestothewelfareandhealthofthegeneralpublic.A.adaptB.confineC.commitD.assess39.Youshouldstopyourconditionanddosomethingaboutit.A.drawingonB.touchingonC.leaningonD.dwellingon40.Theauthorofthebookhasshownhisremarkablykeenintohumannature.A.perspectiveB.dimensionC.insightD.reflectionSectionBDirections：Inthissectioneachofthefollowingsentenceshasawordorphraseunderlined，beneathwhicharefourwordsorphrase.Choosethewordorphrasewhichcanbestkeepthemeaningoftheoriginalsentenceifitissubstitutedfortheunderlinedpart.ThenmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Thechemicalwasfoundtobedetrimentaltohumanhealth.A.toxicB.immuneC.sensitiveD.allergicItwillbeadevastatingblowforthepatient，ifthecliniccloses.A.permanentB.desperateC.destructiveD.suddenHekepttellingusabouthisoperationinthemostgraphicdetail.A.verifiableB.explicitC.preciseD.ambiguousThedifficultcasetestedtheingenuityofeventhemostskillfulphysician.A.credibilityB.commitmentC.honestyD.talentHeleftimmediatelyonthepretextthathehadtocatchatrain.A.claimB.clueC.excuseD.talentThenursewasfilledwithremorseofnotbelievingher.A.anguishB.regretC.apologyD.griefThedoctortriedtofindatactfulwayoftellingherthetruth.A.delicateB.communicativeC.skillfulD.considerateWhetherapersonlikesaroutineofficejobornotdependslargelyontemperament.A.dispositionB.qualificationC.temptationD.endorsementThedoctorruledoutFriday’ssurgeryforthepatient’sunexpectedcomplications.A.confirmedB.facilitatedC.postponedD.cancelledItisnoteasytoremaintranquilwheneventssuddenlychangeyourlife.A.cautiousB.motionlessC.calmD.alertPartIIICloze(10%)Directions：Inthissectionthereisapassagewithtennumberedblanks.Foreachblank，therearefourchoicemarkedA，B，CandDlistedontherightside.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.Expertssayabout1%ofyoungwomenintheUnitedStatesarealmoststarvingthemselvestoday.Theyaresufferingfromasicknesscalledanorexia.Theseyoungwomenhaveanabnormalfearofgettingfat.They51starvethemselvessotheyweighat15%lessthantheirnormalweight.TheNationalInstituteofMentalHealthsaysone52tencasesofanorexialeadstoseriousmedicalproblems.Thesepatientscandiefromheartfailureorthediseasecanleadyoungwomento53themselves.Forexample，formergymnastChristyHenrichdiedatage22.Sheweighedonly61pounds.Apersonwithanorexiafirstdevelopsjointandmuscleproblems.Thereisalackofironintheblood.54thesicknessprogresses，ayoungwoman’sbreathing，heartbeat，andbloodpressureratesslowdown.Theimportantsubstancecalciumis55fromthebones，somethingcausingbonestobreak.Sometimesthebraingetssmaller，causingchangesin56apersonthinksandacts.Scientistssaymanypatientshavefurthermentalandemotionalproblems.Theyhave57opinionsaboutthemselves.Theyfeelhelpless.Theirattemptstobecomeextremelythinmay58effortstotakecontroloftheirlives.Theymaybecomedependentonillegaldrugs.Somepeoplealsofeeltheneedtocontinuallyrepeata(n)59.Forexample，theymayrepeatedlywashtheirhandsalthoughtheirhandsareclean.Anorexiaisaseriouseating60.Ifitisnottreatedontime，itcanbefatal.51.A.specificallyB.purposelyC.particularlyD.passionately52.A.fromB.ofC.atD.in53.A.killB.starveC.abuseD.worsen54.A.WhenB.WhileC.AsD.Since55.A.lostB.derivedC.generatedD.synthesized56.A.whatB.whyC.howD.which57.A.goodB.highC.lowerD.poor58.A.representB.makeC.presentD.exert59.A.medicationB.illusionC.motionD.action60.A.habitB.behaviorC.disorderD.patternPartIVReadingComprehension(30%)Direction：Inthisparttherearesixpassages，eachofwhichisfollowedbyfivequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefourpossibleanswersmarkedA，B，CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarktheletterofyourchoiceontheANSWERSHEET.PassageOneChildrenshouldavoidusingmobilephonesforallbutessentialcallsbecauseofpossiblehealtheffectsonyoungbrains.Thisisoneoftheexpectedconclusionsofanofficialgovernmentreporttobepublishedthisweek.Thereportisexpectedtocallforthemobilephoneindustrytorefrainfrompromotingphoneusebychildren，andtostartlabelingphoneswithdataontheamountofradiationtheyemit.TheIndependentExpertGrouponMobilePhones，chairedbyformergovernmentchiefscientistWilliamStewart，hasspenteightmonthsreviewingexistingscientificevidenceonallaspectsofthehealtheffectsofusingmobilephones.Itsreportisbelievedtoconcludethatbecausewedon’tfullyunderstandthenonthermaleffectsofradiationonhumantissue，thegovernmentshouldadoptaprecautionaryapproach，particularlyinrelationtochildren.Thereiscurrentlynoevidencethatmobilephonesharmusersorpeoplelivingneartransmittermasts.Butsomestudiesshowthatcell-phonesoperatingatradiationlevelswithincurrentsafetylimitsdohavesomesortofbiologicaleffectonthebrain.JohnTattersall，aresearcheronthehealtheffectsofradiationattheDefenseEvaluationandResearchAgency’ssiteatPortonDown，agreesthatitmightbewisetolimitphoneusebychildren.“Ifyouhaveadevelopingnervoussystem，it’sknowntobemoresusceptibletoenvironmentalinsults,”hesays,“Soifphonesdidprovetobehazardous——whichtheyhaven’tyet——itwouldbesensible.”In1998，Tattersallshowedthatradiationlevelssimilartothoseemittedbymobilephonescouldaltersignalsfrombraincellsinslicesofratbrain，“Whatwe’vefoundisaneffect，butwedon’tknowifit’shazardous,”hesays.AlanPreeceoftheUniversityofBristol，whofoundlastyearthatmicrowavesincreasereactiontimesintestsubjects，agreedthatchildren’sexposurewouldbegreater.“There’salotlesstissueintheway，andtheskillisthinner，sochildren’sheadsareconsiderablycloser,”hesays.Stewart’sreportislikelytorecommendthatthecurrentBritishsafetystandardsonenergyemissionsfromcell-phonesshouldbecuttothelevelrecommendedbytheInternationalCommissiononNon-IonizingRadiationProtection，whichisone-fifthofthecurrentBritishlimit.“Theextrasafetyfactoroffiveissomewhatarbitrary,”saysMichaelClarkoftheNationalRadiologicalProtectionBoard.“Butweacceptthatit’sdifficultfortheUKtohavedifferentstandardsfromaninternationalbody.”61.Justbecauseithasnotbeenconfirmedyetwhethermobilephoneemissionscanharmhumantissue，accordingtothegovernmentreport，doesnotmeanthat.A.thegovernmentshouldprohibitchildrenfromusingcell-phonesB.weshouldputdownthephoneforthesakeofsafetyC.theindustrycanhavearighttopromotephoneuseD.childrenaresafeusingcell-phones62.Tattersallarguesthatitiswisetorefrainmobilephoneusebychildrenintermsof.A.theirneuraldevelopmentB.theirill-designedcell-phonesC.thefrequencyoftheirirrationaluseD.theirignoranceofitspossiblehealtheffects63.Ontheissueinquestion，Preece.A.doesnotagreewithTattersallB.triestoremovetheobstaclesinthewayC.asksforfurtherinvestigationD.wouldstandbyStewart64.WhatisworrisomeatpresentisthattheUK.A.isgoingtoturndeafearstothevoiceofStesart’splanB.findsitdifficulttocutthecurrentsafetystandardsonphoneuseC.maintainsdifferentstandardsonsafetylimitfromtheinternationalonesD.doesnotevenimposesafetylimitonthemobilephones’energyemissions65．Whichofthefollowingcanbithebestcandidateforthetitleofthepassage?A.BrainWaveB.ForAdultsOnlyC.CatchThemYoungD.TheAnswerintheAirPassageTwoAdvancesincosmeticdentistryandplasticsurgeryhavemadeitpossibletocorrectfacialbirthdefects，repairdamagedteethandtissue，andpreventorgreatlydelaytheonsetoftoothdecayandgumdisease.Asaresult，morepeoplesmilemoreoftenandmoreopenlytodaythaneverinthepast，andwecanexpectmoresmilesinthefuture.Evidenceofthesmile’sascentmaybeseeninfamouspaintingsinmuseumsandgalleriesthroughouttheworld.Thevastmajorityofprosperousbigwigs(要人),voluptuousnudes，ormiddle-classfamilymembersinformalportraitsanddomesticscenesappeartohavetheirmouthsfirmlyclosed.Soldiersinbattle，childrenatplay，beggars，oldpeople，andespeciallyvillainsmayhavetheirmouthsopen；buttheirsmilesareseldomattractive，andmoreoftensuggeststrainorviolencethanjoy.Smilesconveyawiderangeofmeaningsindifferenterasandcultures，saysarthistorianAngusTrumble，currentlycurator(馆长)ofYaleUniversity’sCenterforBritishArt，inhisbookABriefHistoryoftheSmile.Compare，forinstance，thevaryingimpressionsmadebytheshydimples(酒窝)ofLeonardo’sMonaLisa；therosy-cheeked，mustachioedLaughingCavalierofFransHals；andthe”SmileyFace”logoperfected(thoughnotinvented)in1963byAmericangraphicartistHarveyR.Ball.Insomenon-Westerncultures，Trumblenotes，evenawarm，opensmiledoesnotnecessarilyindicatepleasureoragreement.Itcansimplybeapolitemasktocoveremotionsconsideredtoorudeorshockingtobiopenlydisplayed.Subtledifferencesinmusclemovementcanconveyenormousdifferencesinemotion，fromthetranquilityofbronzeBuddhas，totheeroticblissofcouplesentwinedinstoneonHindutemples，tothefiercesmirk(假笑)ofaguardiandemonattheentrancetoaChinesetomb.TrumbleexpectstheimpactofWesternmedicineandmassmediatofurtherincreasethepressureonpeopletogrinbroadlyandlaughopenlyinpublic.”Faintsmilesareincreasinglythoughtofinscientificandpsychologicalcirclesassomethingthatfallsshortofthetruesmile,”andthereforesuggestinsincerityorlackofenthusiasm，hesays.Withtattooing，bobypiercing，andpermanentcosmeticsalreadywellestablishedasfashiontrends，onecanimaginetomorrow’sbeautyshopsaddingplasticsurgeonsanddentiststotheirstaffs.Thesecomer-storecosmeticianswouldofferstylemakeoverstoreshapeourlips，teeth，andjawlinestomimicthesignaturesmileofone’sfavoritecelebrity.Whatcanyousaytothatexcept”Haveaniceday？”66.Haditnotbeenforcosmeticadvances，asinferredfromthepassage，.A.peoplewouldnothavebeenashappyastheyaretodayB.therateoffacialbirthdefectwouldnothavedeclinedC.therewouldnothavebeenmanymoreopensmilesD.wewouldnothaveseensmilingfacesinpublic67.Accordingtothepassage，itseemsthatwhetherthereisasmileornotintheportraitsorpicturesisdecidedby.A.one’sinternalsenseoftheexternalworldB.one’sidentityorsocialpositionC.one’stimesofexistenceD.Alloftheabove68.Trumble’sstudyonsmilesshowsthat.A.anopensmilecanserveasacover-upB.thefamousportraitsradiatevaryingsmilesC.eventhehumanmusclescanarousevaryingemotionsD.smilescanrepresentmisinterpretationsofdifferenterasandcultures69.WhatTrumbleexpectstoseeis.A.theincreasingtendencyofbroadgrinsandopensmilesinpublicB.furtherimpactofWesternmedicineuponnon-WesternculturesC.awiderrangeofmeaningstobeconveyedbysmilesD.moreofsincerityandenthusiasminpublic70.Attheendofthepassage，theauthorimplicates.A.afortunetocomewithcosmeticadvancesB.anidenticalsmileforeverybobyC.futurechangesinlifestyleD.thefutureofsmilesPassageThreeAdolfHitlersurvivedanassassinationattemptin1944withthelampofpenicillinmadebytheAllies，amicrobiologistintheUKclaims.IftheNazileaderhaddiedfrombacterialinfectionofhismanywounds，theSecondWorldWarmighthavebeenoverayearearlier，savingmillionsoflives，saysMiltonWainwrightoftheUniversityofSheffield，anotedhistorianofmicrobiology.InapapertobepublishedsooninPerspectivesinBiologyandMedicine，Wainwrightrevealsfirst-handevidencethatHitlerwastreatedwithpenicillinbyhispersonaldoctor，TheoMorrell，followinganassassinationattemptinwhichabombinasuitcaseexplodednexttoHitler’sdesk.Hitlerwasbadlyhurt，fleeingthescenewithhishairandtrousersonfire，abadlybleedingarmandcountlesswoodensplinterwoundsfromtheoaktablethatprobablysavedhislife.WainwrightfoundconfirmationthatMorrellgaveHitlerantibioticsasaprecautioninarecenttranslationofMorrell’sowndiary.“Ihappenedtobereadingitforinterestwhenthewordpenicillinjumpedoutatme,”hesays.HethensetabouttryingtoestablishwhereMorrellmighthavegotthedrug.Atthetime，penicillinwasavailableonlytotheAllies.GermanandCzechoslovakianteamshadtriedwithoutmuchsuccesstomakeit，Wainwrightsays，butthesmallquantitiesthatwereavailablewereweakandimpure.“It’sgenerallyacceptedthatitwasnogood,”saysWainwright.HereasonsthatMorrellwouldonlyhaveriskedgivingHitlerpenicillintopreventinfectionsifhewereconfidentthattheantibioticwouldcure，notkilltheGermanpremier.“MyresearchshowsthatMorrell，inaverydodgy(危险)positionasHitler’sdoctor，wouldonlyhaveusedpurestuff.”AndtheonlyreliablepenicillinwasthatmadebytheAllies.SowheredidMorrellgetit?Wainwright’sinvestigationsrevealedthatAlliedairmencarriedpenicillin，sotheGermansmayhaveconfiscatedsomefromprisonersofwar.TheothermorelikelysourceisfromneutralcountriessuchSpain，whichreceivedpenicillinfromAlliedcountriesforhumanitarianpurposes，perhapsfortreatingsickchildren.“IhaveprooftheAlliesweresendingittothesecountries,”saysWainwright.“I’msayingthiswouldhavegotthroughindiplomaticbags，reachingHitler’sdoctorandthehigherechelons(阶层)oftheNaziparty.Sothiswasalmostcertainlypure，Alliedpenicillin.”“WecanneverbecertainitsavedHitler’slife,”saysWainwright.ButhenotesthatoneofHitler’shenchmen(死党)，ReinhardHeydrich，diedfrombloodpoisoningaftersurvivingacar-bombassassinationattempt.“Hairfromhisseatwentintohiswoundsandgavehimsepticemia,”saysWainwright.MorrellmayhavebeenanxioustoensurethatHitleravoidedthesamefate.71.AccordingtoWainwright，AdolfHitler.A.mighthaveusedbiologicalweaponsinthewarB.couldnothavecommittedsuicideasconfirmedC.couldhavediedofbacterialinfectionD.mighthavesurvivedabacterialplague72.Followinghisassassinationin1944，AdolfHitler.A.begantoexerciseprecautionsagainsthispersonalattacksB.wasanxioustohavepenicillindevelopedinhiscountryC.receivedanjinjectionofpenicillinforbloodpoisoningD.wassuspectedofbeinglikelytogetinfected73.AsWainwrightreasons，Hitler’spersonaldoctor.A.cannothavedaredtoprescribeGerman-madepenicillintohimB.neednothaveusedpureantibioticforhissuspectinfectionC.wouldhavehadeveryreasontoassassinatehimD.musthavetriedtoproducepenicillin74.WainwrightimpliesthattheThirdReich.A.metthefateofcollapseasexpectedB.butcheredmillionsoflivesontheearthC.wasseverelystruckbybacterialplaguesD.didhavechannelstoobtainpurepenicillinWhichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?HowHitlerManagetoSurviveAssassinationAttempts?MorrellLoyaltoHisGermanPrimier?HitlerSavedbyAlliedDrugs?PenicillinAbusedinGerman?PassageFourGetreadyforanewkindofmachineatyourlocalgym：onethatdoesn’tinvolvehuffingandpuffingasyouburnoffcalories.Instead，allyouhavetodoisstandstillfor30secondswhilethemachinemeasuresyourbodyfat.Itcouldthentellyouexactlywhereyoucoulddowithlosingafewpoundsandevenadviseyouonexercisesforyourproblemareas.Ifthebodyfatscannerturnsouttobeaccurateenough，itsmakershopeitcouldonedayhelpdoctorsspotdisease.Thescannerworksbysimultaneouslybuildingupanaccurate3Dimageofthebody，whilemeasuringthebody’seffectonanelectromagneticfield.Combiningthetwomeasurementsallowstheresearcherstoworkoutthedistributionoffatandwaterwithin.Neithermethodisnewonitsown，saysHenriTapp，attheInstituteofFoodResearchinNorwichintheUK.“Thesmartthingisthatwe’veputtheminonemachine.”Andit’snotjustforgymusers.Thebodyfatscannercouldbeusedtostudyfatdepositionaschildrendevelop，whilepatientsrecoverfrominjury，orduringpregnancy.AndsinceitusesradiowavesratherthanX-rays，Tapp’sdeviceissafetouserepeatedly.Bodyshapeisknowntobeariskindicatorforheartdiseaseanddiabetes.Soaccuratelyquantifyingfatdistributioncouldhelpdoctorssuggestpreventivemeasurestopatientsbeforeproblemsarise.Atthemoment，doctorsestimatefatcontentfromknowingbodyvolumeandwatercontent.Toagoodapproximation，saysTapp，anythingthatisn’tfatiswater.Theamountofwaterinthebodyisoftenmeasuredbygivingthesubjectadrinkofwaterthatcon