外研版英语选修八module3课文原文文档

【MODULE3】ForeignFood【READINGANDVOCABULARY】Passage1Chinesepeoplethinkalotaboutfood.Infact,Ithinkthattheyaresometimesobsessedwithit.MyfirstexperienceofthisaspectofChineseculturecameatabanquetduringatriptoBeijingin1998.IhadeatenChinesefoodoften,butIcouldnothaveimaginedhowfabulousarealChinesebanquetcouldbe.Thefirstsixorsevendishesseemedtofillthetable,withplatesdangerouslybalancedoneontopofanother.Ithoughtthisvastwaveoffoodwadthetotalnumberofdishestobeserved,andIstartedeatingdishandthenputtheirchopsticksdown,continuingtochat.“Theycan`thaveverybigappetites,”Ithought.Tomysurprise,moredishesarrived,plussoups,sidedishes,anddesserts.Therewasenoughtofeedawholearmy.Nowondermyfellowguestshadhadonlyafewbitesofeachdish;theyknewwhatwasstilltocome.ButIwasalreadysofullthatIcouldonlywatchasthebanquetcontinued.Anotheraspectof”foodculture”isthattheChineseseemtoeatalmosteverypartofeveryanimal——muchtothehorrorofmanywesterners.Stomach,intestines,ears,tongue,tail,hoof,andlungsarealllikelytoenguponthedinnertableinfrontofyou.ThefirsttimeIsawathree-year-oldkidcheerfullychewingachicken`sheadIhadhaddreamsforweeks.ThesedaysIenjoythatsortoffoodmyself.OnarecenttriptotheUnitedStatesIsuddenlyfeltlikesomeChinesedelicacies,andaskedtheguyatthemeatcounterofasupermarket,“Doyouhavepigs`ears?”“No,”hesaid,pullingathisownear,“justtheseordinaryones.”HemusthavethoughtIwasjoking.However,thereareotherkindsoffoodsthathavetakenlongerformetoaccept.TheinfamousChoudoufuisanexample.(Thenamesaysitall:“stinkytofu”.)JustwhenIgotusedtoit,IfoundanothervarietyonatriptoHuman:deep-friedChoudoufu,ahorribleblacksubstancethatlookedandsmelledaboutasappetizingasaburnttennisshoe.MaybeI`llgetusedtothat,too——someday.Passage2ThefirsttimeIateBritishfoodIwasinthecanteenofaLondonpublisher.Somepeoplejustsatdownonthesofatoeat.IwasamazedattheireasyandgracefulmannerwhileIstoodtherefeelingsomewhatconfusedbythefood.Atthecountertherewerecolourfulmixturesineightorninebigboxes.Itwasquitehardtomakeoutwhattheycontained.Thewaiterputtherefoodsinsidebreadorpotatoesaccordingtopeople`srequirements.IstillrememberwhatIate:atunafishandcheesesandwich.Itdidn`tactuallytastebad,buttomethecoldfish,coldcheese,andeventhebreadfromthefridge,wasamealthatwouldmakeyoufeelcoldinside.Later,IfoundoutthatBritishpeoplelikecoldfood.Theirsalad,forexample,ismadefromvegetableswhichareonlywashedbeforeserving,whileChinesefoodispreparedmorecarefully.TheChinesehaveafixedphrase“coldleftovers”.Coldfoodmeanspoverty——youdon`tgiveittoaguest!NowonderwesternerslikeChinesefood.IalsolearnedthattheEnglishliketomixfoodbeforeservingitatthetable.Ionceorderedmushroomsoupinarestaurantandwasastonishedwhenitwasbroughttothetable.ItseemedtobejustabowlofgreyliquidanditwasonlyafterIhadtasteditthatIknewitwasactuallycookedwithmushrooms.Thethingsinsidesandwichesandbaskedpotatoesarealsovariouskindsofmashedfood,likethefillingsofjiaoziinBeijing.ThefoodheregoesagainsttheChinesesenseofbeautyandstyleatthedinnertable.Chinesedishescanbephotographedandhaveaniceappearance.Wewouldnevermashfoodintoanunrecognizableshape.What`smore,thenamesofmanykindsofEnglishfoodarehardtoremember.Infact,theyoftenuseFrenchorItalianwords.ButonethingIdoadmireisthepolitemannerinwhichBritishpeopleeat,evenifitisjustapotato.【READING】AnEmbarrassingMomentTheperfecthostistheonewhosaveshisguestfromembarrassmentwhateverthecost.WhenEdwardⅦbecameKingofEnglandin1901,hewasalreadynearly60yearsold.Helikedtravelling,meetingpeople,andeatingwell.Inshort,helikedhavingagoodtime.OneeveninghewasentertainingtherulerofasmallislandinthePacific.Themenuincludedasparagus,whichhisguesthadnevereatenbefore.Asparagusisbynaturetenderandtastyatoneend,butgetstougherpeopleleavethepartwhichisdifficulttoeatontheirplates.AssoonasthePolynesianguesttastedtheasparagusheremarkedhowdeliciousitwas.However,whenherealizedthathecouldnoteatthetoughpart,hesimplythrewitoverhisshoulderontothefloorbehindhim.Theotherguestswereastonished,butwentoneating.TheKingsaidhisasparagus,hetoothrewthepiecethatwasleftoverhisshoulder.Beforelongeverybodyelseatthedinnerwasfollowinghisexample,casuallythrowingtheasparagusontothefloor,whiletheconversationcontinuedinafriendlyandrelaxedmanner.Attheendofthemealthecarpetwasratherdirty.Thecleanersweren`tveryhappy,butintheendmostpeoplehadtoagreethattheKinghadbeenaperfecthost,sayinghisguestandeverybodyelsefromtheembarrassmentwhichcamefromamisunderstandingoftablemanners.【READINGPRACTICE】FoodinAustraliaNotsolongago,foodinAustraliameantporridgewithmilkandsugar,andeggsandbaconforbreakfast,thenroastlamborbeefforlunchordinner.Duringthe1980seachpersonconsumedabout39kilogramsofmeatayear,andthebutcherinthelocalHighStreetwasoneofthemostimportantpeopleintown.Australiaisacountrywherethecattleandsheepoutnumberthepeople,andithasalwaysbeenjustifiablyfamousforitslamb(noonewouldeventhinkofeatingmutton,whichisthemeatfromtheolderanimal).Theconsequencewasthatmanypeoplewereovernight.TodaytherearestillmanyAustralianswhohaveseenagradualtrendtowardshealthierfood.ModernAustraliancookingisoftenreferredtoasfusioncuisine,andtherecipesincludeingredientsandcookingstylesfromtheEastandthewest.Today,AustraliansenjoyJapanesefoodwithbeancurd,seaweed,andrawfish,aswellasGreek,ItalianandLebanesefoodsuchaspasta,olives,tomatoes,eggplantandlemons.CantoneseandBeijing-stylefoodisalwayspopular,especiallydimsum.FrenchcookingcanbeseenintheAustralians`loveoftheFrench-stylebakery,withitsdeliciouscakesandlongloavesofbread.Therearefewornoartificialingredientsinfusioncooking,onlythepurestandfreshestofproduce.EveninthesuburbsthereareOrientalgrocerystoreswherecustomerscanbuyeverythingfromaChinesefryingpan(awok)andchillipowder,cocoafromBrazilfordrinkingorforcakes,Americanchocolate-chipcookies,CanadianmaplesyruporFrenchhoneytopouroveryourbreakfastpancakes,tocrispIndiansamosasandlemongrassforfragrantThaidishes,dairyproductssuchasyoghurtandcream,aswellasabundanthomegrownfruit,especiallyripepeaches,grapes,melonsandoranges.MostAustralianhomeswillhaveastoveonwhichyoufryorsteamvegetables,andthere`susuallyamicrowaveovenaswell,forreheatingfoodquickly.Butperhapsthemostimportantpieceofequipmentisnotinthekitchenbutinthegarden——thefamousbarbecue,where,onacharcoalfire,theygrillmeat,suchasslicesofbeefsteak,chickenbreastsorlambcutlets.There`susuallyabuffetofsaladsandvegetablestoaccompanyit,andpintsofAustralianbeertodrink,becausethebrewerieswhichmakethebeerareamongthefinestintheworld.Altogether,withitsampleamountoffoodanddrinkanditsrelaxedwayofcookingandserving,thebarbecueisnotjustapieceofcookingequipmentbutthewordtheAustraliansuseforapopularwayofentertainingfriends.【CULTURALCORNER】TheWillowPatternPlateOneofthebest-knowndesignsonBritishplatesisthe“WillowPattern”.Inmanyhomes,thewillowpatternplates(namedafterthewillowtreeinthecentreofthedesign)arekeptforspecialoccasions,whenimportantguestscometodinner.Butwheredoesthewillowpatterncomefrom?Thefirstplatesweremadeinabout1780,andwerebasedonChinesedesigns.TheywerecopiedfromsimilarplatestakentoBritaininshipswhichwerealsocarryingtea.ButJosiahSpode,whoproducedthemostfamousplates,mixedelementsfromdifferentChinesedesigns.Heincludedabridgewiththreepeoplecrossingit,thewillowtreewhichgivesitsnametotheplate,aboat,ateahouse,afenceintheforeground,andtwosongbirdswhichareflyingoverhead.NooriginalChinesedesignhadalltheseelementstogether.ThescenepicturedontheplateisthestoryofKunXi,thedaughterloarichMandarin,whofellinlovewithherfather`sgardener,ayoungmancalledChang.WhentheMandarindiscoveredChangandKunXiwereinlove,hewasveryangry.HelockedKunXiupinthehouse,andbuiltafencesoChangcouldnotcomenearher.Butoneevening,whentheMandarinwasentertainingguestsatabanquet,Changarriveddressedupasasmallisland.WhentheMandarindiscoveredwhathadhappened,hewasveryangry.HeandsomeservantsfollowedKunXiandChangtotheislandandsetfiretothehutwheretheyweresleeping.Thetwoofthemwerekilledinthefire,buttheirsoulsweretransformedintosongbirds,whichyoucanseesingingatthetopofthepicture.