状语从句用法总结

状语从句什么是状语？状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子。Naturally,ourgrandparentswerepleasedtogetourphonecall.Weworkedhard,fromsunrisetosunset.Tohelpmydisabledaunt,Ispendanhourworkinginherhouseeveryday4.Seenfromadistance,thefarmhouselookeddeserted.5.IknowhowtolightacampfirebecauseIhaddoneitbefore.状语的位置比较灵活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。什么是状语从句？状语从句指句子用作状语时，起副词作用的句子。它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。状语从句一般由连词（从属连词）引导，也可以由词组引起。根据其作用状语从句可分为：时间状语从句地点状语从句原因状语从句条件状语从句目的状语从句让步状语从句比较状语从句方式状语从句结果状语从句状语从句的时态特点一般情况下，时间和条件状语从句的谓语动词一般用“一般现在时” 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“一般将来时”，用“现在完成时”表示“将来完成时”。IwillcallyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.AssoonasIhavefinishedthiswork,Iwillgohome.Ifhecomesback,pleaseletmeknow.1．时间状语从句常用引导词：when,as,while,assoonas,before,after,since,till,until特殊引导词：theminute,themoment,thesecond,everytime,theday，theinstant,immediately,directly,nosooner…than,hardly…when,scarcely…whenIdidn'trealizehowspecialmymotherwasuntilIbecameanadult.WhileJohnwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.Thechildrenranawayfromtheorchard（果园）,themomenttheysawtheguardNosoonerhadIarrivedhome,thenitbegantorain.EverytimeIlistentoyouradvice,Igetintotrouble.表示一就除assoonas外，还有三类：名词型——themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant；副词型——immediately,directly,instantly；句式型nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely…when…ThemomentIsawhim,Ifellinlovewithhim.Icameimmediatelyyoucalled.你一给我打电话，我就马上来。Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.我一到家，就开始下雨。【注意】如果hardly,scarcely或nosooner置于句首，句子必须用倒装结构。Hardly/ScarcelyhadIgothomewhenitbegantorain.NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.在时间状语从句中，不能用一般将来时、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时态、一般过去时或现在完成时来代替。When,while,as（一边...一边...）,after,before,assoonas,since,till/until,time（到。。。为止,所在句子的主句应用完成时）Mozartstartedwritingmusicwhenhewasfouryearsold.Hevisitedalotofplaceswhilehewastraveling.Helefttheclassroomafterhehadfinishedhishomeworktheotherday.when,while和as的区别when引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。并且有时表示就在那时”，when=andthen;atthatmoment。Whenshecamein,Istoppedeating.WhenIlivedinthecountryside，Iusedtocarrysomewaterforhim.Wewereabouttoleavewhenhecamein.While引导的从句的谓语动词必须是延续性的，并强调主句和从句的动作同时发生（或者相对应）。并且while有时还可以表示对比。Whilemywifewasreadingthenewspaper，IwaswatchingTV.Ilikeplayingfootballwhileyoulikeplayingbasketball.As表示一边……一边”，as引导的动作是延续性的动作，一般用于主句和从句动作同时发生；as也可以强调“一先一后。Wealwayssingaswewalk.Aswewasgoingout，itbegantosnow.before和after引导的时间状语从句before的本意为“在……之前”，根据具体语境还可理解为“还没来得及/还没有……就着还没……就……，不知不觉就……，……才……”等。bythewhen，趁After表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.Einsteinalmostknockedmedownbeforehesawme.MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.Theyhadnotbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredivorced.Afteryouthinkitover,pleaseletmeknowwhatyoudecide.Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome.till或until引导的时间状语从句till和until一般情况下两者可以互换，但是在强调句型中多用until。如果主句中的谓语动词是瞬时动词时，必须用否定形式；如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时，用肯定或否定形式都可以，但表达的意思不同。Ididn'tgotobeduntil（till）myfathercameback.ItwasnotuntilthemeetingwasoverthathebegantoteachmeEnglish.Iworkeduntilhecameback.我工作到他回来为止。Ididn'tworkuntilhecameback.他回来我这才开始工作。由since引导的时间状语从句。since引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词，又可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下，从句谓语动词用一般过去时，而主句的谓语动词用现在完成时。但在Itis＋时间＋since从句的句型中，主句多用一般现在时。IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?ItisfouryearssincemysisterlivedinBeijing.我妹妹不在北京住有四年了。ItisfivemonthssinceourbosswasinBeijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。2．地点状语从句常用引导词：where特殊引导词：wherever,anywhere,everywhereGenerally,airwillbeheavilypollutedwheretherearefactories.Whereveryougo,youshouldworkhard.句型1：Where＋地点从句，（there）＋主句。Wherethereisnorain,farmingisdifficultorimpossible.Theyweregoodpersons.Wheretheywent,theretheywerewarmlywelcomed.Youshouldhaveputthebookwhereyoufoundit.WheretheCommunistPartyofChinagoes,therethepeopleareliberated.句型2：Anywhere/wherever＋地点从句，＋主句。Wherevertheseais,youwillfindseamen.3．原因状语从句常用引导词：because,since,as,for特殊引导词：seeingthat（由于，鉴于）,nowthat（既然）,inthat,consideringthat（考虑到）,giventhat（考虑到）.MyfriendsdislikemebecauseI'mhandsomeandsuccessful.Nowthateverybodyhascome,let's）eginourconference.Consideringthatheisnomorethan12yearsold,hisheightof1.80misquiteremarkable.Seeingthatyou'reilreadyatthedoor,IsupposeImustinviteyouinside.Consideringhe'snlysixteenyearold,heisnotfitforthejob.Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,Iamsureteachingistherightcareerforher.because,since,as,for辨析1）because语势最强，用来说明人所不知的原因，回答why提出的问题。当原因是显而易见的或已为人们所知，就用as或since。Ididn'tgo,becauseIwasafraid.Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.2）由because引导的从句如果放在句末，且前面有逗号，则可以用for来代替。但如果不是说明直接原因，而是多种情况加以推断，就只能用for。Heisabsenttoday,because/forheisill.Hemustbeill,forheisabsenttoday.3）as和for的区别：通常情况下，as引导的从句在主句前，for引导的从句在主句后。Astheweatheriscold,Istayathome.（同义句）Istayathome,fortheweatheriscold.目的状语从句常用引导词：sothat,inorderthat特殊弓丨导词：lest,incase,forfearthat,inthehopethat,forthepurposethat,totheendthatThebossaskedthesecretarytohurryupwiththeletterssothathecouldsignthem.Theteacherraisedhisvoiceonpurposethatthestudentsinthebackcouldhearmoreclearly.结果状语从句常用引导词：so…that,such…that,特殊弓丨导词：suchthat,tothedegreethat,totheextentthat,tosuchadegreethat,（such是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。Hegotupsoearlythathecaughtthefirstbus.It'suchagoodchancethatwemustnotmissit.Tosuchadegreewasheexcitedthathecouldn'tsleeplastnight.6．条件状语从句常用引导词：if,unless,特殊引导词：as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthatWe'llstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.Youwillcertainlysucceedsolongasyoukeepontrying.Providedthatthereisnoopposition,weshallholdthemeetinghere.条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样，从句的谓语动词不能用一般将来时态、过去将来时态或将来完成时，而要用相应的一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时来替代。Tellmeincaseyougetintodifficulty.Supposinghedoesnotcome,shallwegowithouthim?7．让步状语从句常用引导词：though,although,evenif,eventhough特殊引导词：as（用在让步状语从句中必须要倒装）,while（一般用在句首），nomatter…，inspiteofthefactthat,while,whatever,whoever,wherever,whenever,however,whicheverMuchasIrespecthim,Ican'tagreetohisproposal.Theoldmanalwaysenjoysswimmingeventhoughtheweatherisrough.Nomatterhowhardhetried,shecouldnotchangehermind.as,though引导的倒装句as/though引导的让步从句必须表语或状语提前（形容词、副词、分词、实义动词提前）Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.=Thoughhewasasmallchild,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.注意：句首名词不能带任何冠词。句首是实义动词，其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语，随实义动词一起放在主语之前。Tryhardashewill,heneverseemsabletodotheworksatisfactorily.=Thoughhetrieshard,heneverseemsnomatterwho=whoevernomatterwhen=whenevernomatterwherewherevernomatterwhichwhichevernomatterhowhowever注意：nomatter不能引导主语从句和宾语从句。（错）Nomatterwhatyousayisofnousenow.（对）Whateveryousayisofnousenow.（错）Prisonershavetoeatnomatterwhatthey'regiven,（对）Prisonershavetoeatwhateverthey'regiven.8．比较状语从句常用引导词：as（同级比较），than（不同程度的比较）what/as特殊引导词：themore…themore…;justas…,so…;AistoBXistoY;no…morethan;notAsomuchasBSheisasbad-temperedashermother.Themoreyouexercise，thehealthieryouwillbe.Foodistomenwhatoilistomachine.nomorethan只不过（嫌少的意思）notmorethan不如。。。（前者不如后者）Ihavenomorethantwopens.It'nsomorethanamiletotheshops.JackisnotmorediligentthanJohn.oneofthe+名词（复数）….之一（用于最高级）HanMeiisoneofthebeststudentsinourschool.9．方式状语从句常用引导词：as,（just）as…so…，asif/though（”正如…","就像"）特殊引导词：thewayWheninRome,doastheRomando.Shebehavedasifsheweretheboss.Sometimesweteachourchildrenthewayourparentshavetaughtus.asif,asthough似的"，两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛"好像……似的"Theycompletelyignorethesefactsasif（asthough）theyneverexisted.Helooksasif（asthough）hehadbeenhitbylighting.状语从句的省略状语从句同时具备下列两个条件:主句和从句的主语一致，或从句主语为it;从句主要动词是be的某种形式。从句中的主语和be动词常可省略。neWhen(themuseumis)completed,themuseumwillbeopentothepublicxtyear.He'llgototheseasideforhisholidayif(itis)possible.另外，比较状语从句经常省略。I'mtallerthanhe(istall).Thehigherthetemperature(is),thegreaterthepressure(is).状语从句的"省略"现象常存在于以下五种状语从句中:①由if,unless等引导的条件状语从句;②由although,though,evenif/though等引导的让步状语从句;由when,while,as,before,after,until/till等引导的时间状语从句;由as,asif等引导的方式状语从句;由as,than等引导的比较状语从句。下面针对这五种情形作归纳。(1)当状语从句的主语是it,且谓语动词是be时,it和be要完全简化掉。If(itis)possible,hewillhelpyououtofthedifficulty.Youmustattendthemeetingunless(itis)inconvenienttoyou(2)当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致时,从句可以将主语和be动词简化掉。常用于以下几种情形:a.连词+形容词As(hewas)young,helearnedhowtorideabike.Whenever(sheis)free,sheoftengoesshopping.Workhardwhen(youare)young,oryou'llregret.连词+名词While(hewas)ayoungboy,hewasalwaysreadytohelpothers.Although(hewas)afarmer,nowheisafamousdirector.连词+现在分词As(shewas)walkingalongtheriverbank,shewassingingapopsong.Although(heis)doinghisbestinmathsthesedays,hehasstillgotnogoodarks.连词+过去分词Hewon'tgotherewithusunless(heis)invited.Theconcertwasagreatsuccessthan(itwas)expected.连词+不定式Hestoodupasif(hewere)tosaysomething.Hewouldn'tsolvetheproblemevenif(hewere)totakecharge.连词+介词短语Shelookedanxiousasthough(shewas)introuble.HehadmasteredtheEnglishlanguagebefore(hewas)intheUSA.注意:当从句主语和主句主语不一致时,从句部分要么用完全形式,要么用独立主格结构来表达。Whenthemeetingwasover,allthepeoplewentoutofthemeeting-room.状语从句15.DACBB1620.BBCCD3135.BACBC4650.AADAD610.BADDC2125.CADDA3640.ADDDB1115.BBDCD2630.BBDAA4145.DDBBB