杨鹏长难句GMAT&GRE全部句子

WTDstandardizationoffice【WTD5AB-WTDK08-WTD2C】杨鹏长难句GMAT&GRE全部句子GMATSentences:No.001CivilrightsactivistshavelongarguedthatoneoftheprincipalreasonstheBlacks,Hispanics,andotherminoritygroupshavedifficultyestablishingthemselvesinbusinessisthattheylackaccesstothesizableordersandsubcontractsthataregeneratedbylargecompanies.No.002FascinationwiththisidealhasmadeAmericansdefythe“OldWorld”categoriesofsettledpossessivenessversusunsettlingdeprivation,thecupidityofretentionversusthecupidityofseizure,a“statusquo”defendedorattacked.No.003Thenonstarterswereconsideredtheoneswhowantedstability,astrongrefereetogivethemsomepositionintherace,aregulativehandtocalmmanicspeculation;anauthoritythatcancallthingstoahalt,beginthingsagainfromcompensatorilystaggered“startinglines.”No.004“Reform”inAmericahasbeensterilebecauseitcanimaginenochangeexceptthroughtheextensionofthismetaphorofarace,widerinclusionofcompetitors,“apieceoftheaction,”asitwere,forthedisenfranchised.No.005Wehavenoprideinourgrowinginterdependence,inthefactthatoursystemcanserveothers,thatweareabletohelpthoseinneed;emptyboastsfromthepastmakeusashamedofourpresentachievements,makeustrytoforgetordenythem,moveawayfromthem.No.006Thetraditionalviewsupposesthattheuppermantleoftheearthbehavesasaliquidthenitissubjectedtosmallforcesforlongperiodsandthatdifferencesintemperatureunderoceansandcontinentsaresufficienttoproduceconvectioninthemantleoftheearthwithrisingconvectioncurrentsunderthemid-oceanridgesandsinkingcurrentsunderthecontinents.No.007Thisviewmaybecorrect:ithastheadvantagethatthecurrentsaredrivenbytemperaturedifferencesthatthemselvesdependonthepositionofthecontinents.No.008Theenclosedseasareanimportantfeatureoftheearth’ssurfaceandseriouslyrequireexplanationbecause,inadditiontotheenclosedseasthataredevelopingatpresentbehindislandsarcs,thereareanumberofolderonesofpossiblysimilarorigin,suchastheGulfofMexico,theBlackSea,andperhapstheNorthSea.No.009Furthermore,neutrinoscarrywiththeminformationaboutthesiteandcircumstancesoftheirproduction:therefore,thedetectionofcosmicneutrinoscouldprovidenewinformationaboutawidevarietyofcosmicphenomenaandaboutthehistoryoftheuniverse.No.010Consequently,nothingseemsgoodornormalthatdoesnotaccordwiththerequirementsofthefreemarket.No.011Accordingly,itrequiresamajoractofwilltothinkofprice-fixing(thedeterminationofpricesbytheseller)asboth“normal”andhavingavaluableeconomicfunction.No.012Infact,price-fixingisnormalinallindustrializedsocietiesbecausetheindustrialsystemitselfprovides,asaneffortlessconsequenceofitsowndevelopment,theprice-fixingthatitrequires.No.013Thateachlargefirmwillactwithconsiderationofitsownneedsandthusavoidsellingitsproductsformorethatitscompetitors’chargeiscommonlyrecognizedbyadvocatesoffree-marketeconomictheories.No.014Moreover,thoseeconomistswhoarguethatallowingthefreemarkettooperatewithoutinterferenceisthemostefficientmethodofestablishingpriceshavenotconsideredtheeconomiesofnonsocialistcountriesotherthantheUnitedStates.No.015Synder,Daly,andBrunshaverecentlyproposedthatcaffeineaffectsbehaviorbycounteringtheactivityinthehumanbrainofanaturallyoccurringchemicalcalledadenosine.No.016Tobuttresstheircasethatcaffeineactsinsteadbypreventingadenosinebinding,Snyderetalcomparedthestimulatoryeffectsofaseriesofcaffeinederivativeswiththeirabilitytodislodgeadenosinefromitsreceptorsinthebrainsofmice.No.017Theproblemisthatthecompoundhasmixedeffectsinthebrain,anotunusualoccurrencewithpsychoactivedrugs.No.018Whowouldwantanunmarkedpotwhenanotherwasavailablewhoseprovenancewasknown,andthatwasdatedstratigraphicallybytheprofessionalarchaeologistwhoexcavatedit?No.019Federaleffortstoaidminoritybusinessesbeganinthe1960swhentheSmallBusinessAdministration(SBA)beganmakingfederallyguaranteedloansandgovernment-sponsoredmanagementandtechnicalassistanceavailabletominoritybusinessenterprises.No.020Recentlyfederalpolicymakershaveadoptedanapproachintendedtoacceleratedevelopmentoftheminoritybusinesssectorbymovingawayfromdirectlyaidingsmallminorityenterprisesandtowardsupportinglarger,growth-orientedminorityfirmsthroughintermediarycompanies.No.021MESBIC’saretheresultofthebeliefthatprovidingestablishedfirmswitheasieraccesstorelevantmanagementtechniquesandmorejob-specificexperience,aswellassubstantialamountsofcapital,givesthosefirmsagreateropportunitytodevelopsoundbusinessfoundationsthatdoessimplymakinggeneralmanagementexperienceandsmallamountsofcapitalavailable.No.022Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofaction.No.023Butthedebatecouldnotberesolvedbecausenoonewasabletoaskthecrucialquestionsinaforminwhichtheycouldbepursuedproductively.No.024Duringthenineteenthcentury,sheargues,theconceptofthe“useful”childwhocontributedtothefamilyeconomygavewaygraduallytothepresent-daynotionofthe“useless”childwho,thoughproducingnoincomefor,andindeedextremelycostlyto,itsparents,isyetconsideredemotionally“priceless.”No.025Wellestablishedamongsegmentsofthemiddleandupperclassesbythemid-1800’s,thisnewviewofchildhoodspreadthroughoutsocietyinthelate-nineteenthandearly-twentiethcenturiesasreformersintroducedchild-laborregulationsandcompulsoryeducationlawspredicatedinpartontheassumptionthatachild’semotionalvaluemadechildlabortaboo.No.026“Expulsionofchildrenfromthe‘cashnexus’…althoughclearlyshapedbyprofoundchangesintheeconomic,occupational,andfamilystructures,”Zelizermaintains,“wasalsopartofaculturalprocessof‘sacralization’ofchildren’slives.”No.027Protectingchildrenfromthecrassbusinessworldbecameenormouslyimportantforlate-nineteenth-centurymiddle-classAmericans,shesuggest;thissacralizationwasawayofresistingwhattheyperceivedastherelentlesscorruptionofhumanvaluesbythemarketplace.No.028Thefactorsfavoringunionizationdrivesseemtohavebeeneitherthepresenceoflargenumbersofworkers,asinNewYorkCity,tomakeitworththeeffort,ortheconcentrationofsmallnumbersinoneortwolocations,suchasahospital,tomakeitrelativelyeasy.No.029Individualentrepreneursdonotnecessarilyrelyontheirkinbecausetheycannotobtainfinancialbackingfromcommercialresources.No.030SincelargebeesarenotaffectedbythesprayingofMatacil,theseresultsaddweighttotheargumentthatsprayingwherethepollinatorsaresensitivetothepesticideuseddecreasesplantfecundity.No.031Thequestionofwhetherthedecreaseinplantfecunditycausedbythespayingofpesticidesactuallycausesadeclineintheoverallpopulationoffloweringplantspeciesstillremainsunanswered.AlthoughatfirstthecoloniesheldlittlepositiveattractionfortheEnglish–theywouldratherhavestayedhome–bytheeighteenthcenturypeopleincreasinglymigratedtoAmericabecausetheyregardeditasthelandofopportunity.No.033Ifthecompetitorcanproveinjuryfromtheimports–andthattheUnitedStatescompanyreceivedasubsidyfromaforeigngovernmenttobuilditsplantabroad–theUnitedStatescompany’sproductswillbeuncompetitiveintheUnitedStates,sincetheywouldbesubjecttoduties.No.034InadditionmanyethnologistsattheturnofthecenturybelievedthatNativeAmericanmannersandcustomswererapidlydisappearing,andthatitwasimportanttopreserveforposterityasmuchinformationascouldbeadequatelyrecordedbeforetheculturesdisappearedforever.No.035Insuchacontext,whatisrecognizedas“dependency”inWesternpsychiatrictermsisnot,inKoreanterms,anadmissionofweaknessorfailure.No.036Andmanagersunderpressuretomaximizecost-cuttingwillresistinnovationbecausetheyknowthatmorefundamentalchangesinprocessesorsystemswillwreakhavocwiththeresultsonwhichtheyaremeasured.No.037Mostnovelistsandhistorianswritingintheearlytomid-twentiethcenturywhoconsideredwomenintheWest,whentheyconsideredwomenatall,fellunderTurner’sspell.No.038Inaddition,theidealofsixCEO’s(femaleormale)servingontheboardofeachofthelargestcorporationsisrealizableonlyifeveryCEOservesonsixboard.No.039Increasingly,historiansareblamingdiseasesimportedfromtheOldWorldforthestaggeringdisparitybetweentheindigenouspopulationofAmericain1492–newestimatesofwhichsoarashighas100million,orapproximatelyone-sixthofthehumanraceatthattime–andthefewmillionfull-bloodedNativeAmericansaliveattheendofthenineteenthcentury.No.040Virgin-soilepidemicsarethoseinwhichthepopulationsatriskhavehadnopreviouscontactwiththediseasesthatstrikethemandarethereforeimmunologicallyalmostdefenseless.No.041Spanishtributerecords…TheevidenceprovidedbythedocumentsofBritishandFrenchcoloniesisnotasdefinitivebecausetheconquerorsofthoseareasdidnotestablishpermanentsettlementsandbegintokeepcontinuousrecordsuntiltheseventeenthcentury,bywhichtimetheworstepidemicshadprobablyalreadytakenplace.No.042Unfortunately,thedocumentationoftheseandotherepidemicsisslightandfrequentlyunreliable,anditisnecessarytosupplementwhatlittlewedoknowwithevidencefromrecentepidemicsamongNativeAmericans.No.043Scientistshavebeguntosuspectthatthisintergalacticgasisprobablyamixtureofgasesleftoverfromthe“bigbang”whenthegalaxieswereformedandgaswasforcedoutofgalaxiesbysupernovaexplosions.No.044Henotedthatthewavelengthsoftheradiationemittedbyagaswouldchangeasthegascooled,sothatasthegasflowedintothegalaxyandbecamecooler,itwouldemitnotx-rays,butvisiblelight,likethatwhichwascapturedinthephotographs.No.045Transportedoutsidethenucleustothecytoplasm,themRNAistranslatedintotheproteinitencodesbyanorganelleknownasaribosome,whichstringstogetheraminoacidsintheorderspecifiedbythesequenceofelementsinthemRNAmolecule.No.046However,recentinvestigationshaveshownthattheconcentrationsofmostmRNA’scorrelatebest,notwiththeirsynthesisrate,butratherwiththeequallyvariableratesatwhichcellsdegradethedifferentmRNA’sintheircytoplasm.No.047IfacelldegradesbotharapidlyandaslowlysynthesizedmRNAslowly,bothmRNA’swillaccumulatetohighlevels.No.048Forinstance,themass-productionphilosophyofUnitedStatesautomakersencouragedtheproductionofhugelotsofcarsinordertoutilizefullyexpensive,component-specificequipmentandtooccupyfullyworkerswhohavebeentrainedtoexecuteoneoperationefficiently.No.049Japaneseautomakerschosetomakesmall-lotproductionfeasiblebyintroducingseveraldeparturesfromUnitedStatespractices,includingtheuseofflexibleequipmentthatcouldbealteredeasilytodoseveraldifferentproductiontasksandthetrainingofworkersinmultiplejobs.No.050Automakerscouldscheduletheproductionofdifferentcomponentsormodelsonsinglemachines,therebyeliminatingtheneedtostorethebufferstocksofextracomponentsthatresultwhenspecializedequipmentandworkersarekeptconstantlyactive.No.051Inrecentstudies,however,wehavediscoveredthattheproductionandreleaseinbrainneuronsoftheneurotransmitterserotonin(neurotransmittersarecompoundsthatneuronsusetotransmitsignalstoothercells)dependdirectlyonthefoodthatthebodyprocesses.No.052Ourfirststudiessoughttodeterminewhethertheincreaseinserotoninobservedinratsgivenalargeinjectionoftheaminoacidtryptophanmightalsooccurafterratsatemealsthatchangetryptophanlevelsintheblood.No.053Theconsumptionofproteinincreasesbloodconcentrationoftheotheraminoacidsmuchmore,proportionately,thanitdoesthatoftryptophan.No.054TherevisionistviewofJimCrowlegislationgrewinpartfromtheresearchthatWoodwardhaddonefortheNAACPlegalcampaignduringitspreparationforBrownv.BoardofEducation.No.055Woodwardconfessedwithironicmodestythatthefirstedition“hadbeguntosufferundersomeofthehandicapsthatmightbeexpectedinahistoryoftheAmericanRevolutionpublishedin1776.”No.056Yet,likePaine,Woodwardhadanunerringsenseoftherevolutionarymoment,andofhowhistoricalevidencecouldunderminethemythologicaltraditionthatwascrushingthedreamsofnewsocialpossibilities.No.057JosephGlarthaar’sForgedinBattleisnotthefirstexcellentstudyofBlacksoldiersandtheirWhiteofficersintheCivilWar,butitusesmoresoldiers’lettersanddiaries–includingrarematerialfromBlacksoldiers–andconcentratesmoreintenselyonBlack-WhilerelationsinBlackregimentsthatdoanyofitspredecessors.No.058WhileperhapstrueofthoseofficerswhojoinedBlackunitsforpromotionorotherself-servingmotives,thisstatementmisrepresentstheattitudesofthemanyabolitionistswhobecameofficersinBlackregiments.No.059Moreover,argumentspointingouttheextentofbothstructuralandfunctionaldifferencesbetweeneukaryotesandtruebacteriaconvincedmanybiologiststhattheprecursorsoftheeukaryotesmusthavedivergedfromthecommonancestorbeforethebacteriaarose.No.060NewtechniquesfordeterminingthemolecularsequenceoftheRNAoforganismshaveproducedevolutionaryinformationaboutthedegreetowhichorganismsarerelated,thetimesincetheydivergedfromacommonancestor,andthereconstructionofancestralversionsofgenes.No.061Thesetechniqueshavestronglysuggestedthatalthoughthetruebacteriaindeedformalargecoherentgroup,certainotherbacteria,thearchaebacteria,whicharealsoprokaryotesandwhichresembletruebacteria,representadistinctevolutionarybranchthatfarantedatesthecommonancestorofalltruebacteria.No.062Thenewtaxlawallowedcorporationstodeductthecostoftheproductdonatedplushalfthedifferencebetweencostandfairmarketsellingprice,withtheprovisothatdeductionscannotexceedtwicecost.No.063Unfortunately,emancipationhasbeenlessprofoundthanexpected,fornotevenindustrialwagelaborhasescapedcontinuedsexsegregationintheworkplace.No.064Toexplainthisunfinishedrevolutioninthestatusofwomen,historianshaverecentlybeguntoemphasizethewayaprevailingdefinitionoffemininityoftendeterminesthekindsofworkallocatedtowomen,evenwhensuchallocationisinappropriatetonewconditions.No.065Forinstance,earlytextile-millentrepreneurs,injustifyingwomen’semploymentinwagelabor,mademuchoftheassumptionthatwomenwerebynatureskillfulatdetailedtasksandpatientincarryingoutrepetitivechores;themillownersthusimportedintothenewindustrialorderhoarystereotypesassociatedwiththehomemakingactivitiestheypresumedtohavebeenthepurviewofwomen.No.066Moreremarkablethantheoriginhasbeenthepersistenceofsuchsexsegregationintwentieth-centuryindustry.No.067Accordingtoarecenttheory,Archean-agegold-quartzveinsystemswereformedovertwobillionyearsagofrommagmaticfluidsthatoriginatedfrommoltengranitelikebodiesdeepbeneaththesurfaceoftheEarth.No.068However,noneofthesehigh-technologymethodsareofanyvalueifthesitestowhichtheyareappliedhavenevermineralized,andtomaximizethechancesofdiscoverytheexplorermustthereforepayparticularattentiontoselectingthegroundformationsmostlikelytobemineralized.No.069Inorderforthefar-rangingbenefitsofindividualownershiptobeachievedbyowners,companies,andcountries,employeesandotherindividualsmustmaketheirowndecisionstobuy,andtheymustcommitsomeoftheirownresourcestothechoice.GRESentences:No.001Thatsexratiowillbefavoredwhichmaximizesthenumberofdescendantsanindividualwillhaveandhencethenumberofgenecopiestransmitted.No.002Hardy’sweaknessderivedfromhisapparentinabilitytocontrolthecomingsandgoingsofthesedivergentimpulsesandfromhisunwillingnesstocultivateandsustaintheenergeticandriskyones.No.003VirginiaWoolf’sprovocativestatementaboutherintentionsinwritingMrs.Dallowayhasregularlybeenignoredbythecritics,sinceithighlightsanaspectofherliteraryinterestsverydifferentfromthetraditionalpictureofthe“poetic”novelistconcernedwithexaminingstatesofreverieandvisionandwithfollowingtheintricatepathwaysofindividualconsciousness.No.004AssheputitinTheCommonReader,“ItissafetosaythatnotasinglelawhasbeenframedoronestonesetuponanotherbecauseofanythingChaucersaidorwrote;andyet,aswereadhim,weareabsorbingmoralityateverypore.”No.005Withtheconclusionofaburstofactivity,thelacticacidlevelishighinthebodyfluids,leavingthelargeanimalvulnerabletoattackuntiltheacidisreconverted,viaoxidativemetabolism,bytheliverintoglucose,whichisthensent(inpart)backtothemusclesforglycogenresynthesis.No.006AlthoughGutmanadmitsthatforcedseparationbysalewasfrequent,heshowsthattheslaves’preference,revealedmostclearlyonplantationswheresalewasinfrequent,wasverymuchforstablemonogamy.No.007GutmanarguesconvincinglythatthestabilityoftheBlackfamilyencouragedthetransmissionof–andsowascrucialinsustaining–theBlackheritageoffolklore,music,andreligiousexpressionfromonegenerationtoanother,aheritagethatslaveswerecontinuallyfashioningoutoftheirAfricanandAmericanexperiences.No.008Thispreferenceforexogamy,Gutmansuggests,mayhavederivedfromWestAfricanrulesgoverningmarriage,which,thoughtheydifferedfromonetribalgrouptoanother,allinvolvedsomekindofprohibitionagainstunionswithclosekin.No.009HisthesisworksrelativelywellwhenappliedtodiscriminationagainstBlacksintheUnitedStates,buthisdefinitionofracialprejudiceas“racially-basednegativeprejudgementsagainstagroupgenerallyacceptedasaraceinanygivenregionofethniccompetition,”canbeinterpretedasalsoincludinghostilitytowardsuchethnicgroupsastheChineseinCaliforniaandtheJewsinmedievalEurope.No.010Suchvariationsinsize,shape,chemistry,conductionspeed,excitationthreshold,andthelikeashadbeendemonstratedinnervecellsremainednegligibleinsignificanceforanypossiblecorrelationwiththemanifolddimensionsofmentalexperience.No.011Itwaspossibletodemonstratebyothermethodsrefinedstructuraldifferencesamongneurontypes;however,proofwaslackingthatthequalityoftheimpulseoritsconditionwasinfluencedbythesedifferences,whichseemedinsteadtoinfluencethedevelopmentalpatterningoftheneuralcircuits.No.012Althoughqualitativevarianceamongnerveenergieswasneverrigidlydisproved,thedoctrinewasgenerallyabandonedinfavoroftheopposingview,namely,thatnerveimpulsesareessentiallyhomogeneousinqualityandaretransmittedas“commoncurrency”throughoutthenervoussystem.No.013Otherexperimentsrevealedslightvariationsinthesize,number,arrangement,andinterconnectionofthenervecells,butasforaspsychoneuralcorrelationswereconcerned,theobvioussimilaritiesofthesesensoryfieldstoeachotherseemedmuchmoreremarkablethananyoftheminutedifferences.No.014Althoughsomeexperimentsshowthat,asanobjectbecomesfamiliar,itsinternalrepresentationbecomesmoreholisticandtherecognitionprocesscorrespondinglymoreparallel,theweightofevidenceseemstosupporttheserialhypothesis,atleastforobjectsthatarenotnotablysimpleandfamiliar.No.015Inlargepartasaconsequenceofthefeministmovement,historianshavefocusedagreatdealofattentioninrecentyearsondeterminingmoreaccuratelythestatusofwomeninvariousperiods.No.016IfonebeginsbyexaminingwhyancientsrefertoAmazons,itbecomesclearthatancientGreekdescriptionsofsuchsocietiesweremeantnotsomuchtorepresentobservedhistoricalfact–realAmazoniansocieties–butrathertooffer“morallessons”onthesupposedoutcomeofwomen’sruleintheirownsociety.No.017Thus,forinstance,itmaycomeasashocktomathematicianstolearnthattheSchrodingerequationforthehydrogenatomisnotaliterallycorrectdescriptionofthisatom,butonlyanapproximationtoasomewhatmorecorrectequationtakingaccountofspin,magneticdipole,andrelativisticeffects;andthatthiscorrectedequationisitselfonlyanimperfectapproximationtoaninfinitesetofquantumfield-theoreticalequations.No.018Thephysicistrightlydreadspreciseargument,sinceanargumentthatisconvincingonlyifitispreciselosesallitsforceiftheassumptionsonwhichitisbasedareslightlychanged,whereasanargumentthatisconvincingthoughimprecisemaywellbestableundersmallperturbationsofitsunderlyingassumptions.No.019However,astheygainedcohesion,theBluestockingscametoregardthemselvesasawomen’sgroupandtopossessasenseoffemalesolidaritylackinginthesalonnieres,whoremainedisolatedfromoneanotherbytheprimacyeachheldinherownsalon.No.020Asmyownstudieshaveadvanced,Ihavebeenincreasinglyimpressedwiththefunctionalsimilaritiesbetweeninsectandvertebratesocietiesandlesssowiththestructuraldifferencesthatseem,atfirstglance,toconstitutesuchanimmensegulfbetweenthem.No.021Althoughfictionassuredlyspringsfrompoliticalcircumstances,itsauthorsreacttothosecircumstancesinwaysotherthanideological,andtalkingaboutnovelsandstoriesprimarilyasinstrumentsofideologycircumventsmuchofthefictionalenterprise.No.022Isthisadefect,oraretheauthorsworkingoutof,ortryingtoforge,adifferentkindofaesthetic?No.023Inaddition,thestyleofsomeBlacknovels,likeJeanToomer’sCane,vergesonexpressionismorsurrealism;doesthistechniqueprovideacounterpointtotheprevalentthemethatportraysthefateagainstwhichBlackheroesarepitted,athemeusuallyconveyedbymorenaturalisticmodesofexpression?No.024BlackFictionsurveysawidevarietyofnovels,bringingtoourattentionintheprocesssomefascinatingandlittle-knownworkslikeJamesWeldonJohnson’sAutobiographyofanEx-ColoredMan.No.025Althoughthesemoleculesallowradiationatvisiblewavelengths,wheremostof