北邮网络教育大学英语2阶段一

一、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1. (错误)Modern zoos are very different from zoos that were built 50 years __1__. At that time, zoos were places __2__ people could go to see animals from many parts of the world. The animals lived in cages that were made _3__ concrete with iron bars, cages that were easy to keep clean. __4_ for the animals, the cages were small and impossible to hide in. The zoo environment was _5__ natural. _6__ the zoo keepers took good care of the animals and fed them well, many of the animals did not thrive; they behaved in strange ways, and they often became ill. In modern zoos, people can see animals in more natural habitats. The animals are given more __7_ in large areas so that they can live more _8__as they would in nature. Even the appearance of zoos has changed. Trees and grass grow in the cages, and streams of water flow_9__ the areas __10__ animals live in. a. A. later B. ago C. before D. after b. A. which B. that C. when D. where c. A. up of B. into C. of D. for d. A. Unfortunately B. Successfully C. Luckily D. Unusually e. A. only B. anything only C. but D. anything but f. A. Despite B. Since C. Now that D. Although g. A. freedom B. food C. drink D. dependence h. A. silently B. comfortably C. difficultly D. independently i. A. over B. through C. for D. below j. A. that B. where C. when D. these 2. 3. 试题分值:50.0 4. 得分:[5, 5, 5, 5, 0, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5] 5. 提示:[1]B.考查副词辨析。首先要理解本句大意，该句意思是“现代动物园和50年前建造的动物 园有很大的不同”。表达“之前”这个含义只能从ago和before中来选择。before表示从过去或将来某一时间算起多少时间以前，由于与这一时间状语连用的行为先发生在过去或将来某一时刻之前，因此往往出现在过去完成时态或将来完成时态中。ago指的是从现在起到过去时间的某一点的一 段时间。这个时间状语常与一般过去时态或过去进行时态连用。这里选择ago。 [2]D.考查定语从句的引导词。“places”后面的句子明显是一个定语从句。这个定语从句修饰前面 的先行词“places”。由于“places”在定语从句中充当的成分是地点状语，所以选择where。 [3]C.考查固定词组。“be made of”的意思是“由……制成”。本句大意思是“动物就生活在用混凝土 和铁条做成的笼子里。这些笼子很容易保持清洁”。“be made up of”意思是“由……组成”;“be made into”意思是“被做成”;“be made for”意思是“为……制造”。 [4]A.考查上下文理解。根据本句后面部分的意思“这些笼子太小，动物无法躲藏”可知应该选择 “unfortunately”(不幸地)。 [5]D.考查上下文理解。根据前面的那句话，可以推知本句话的意思是“这种动物园的环境一点也不 自然”。选项D(anything but)的意思是“一点也不”。 [6]D.考查句意理解。本句大意是“虽然动物园的管理员很好的照顾和喂养动物，但是很多动物还是 不能很好的生长。他们会有古怪的行为，而且常常生病”。这里要辨析despite和although用法的区别。这两个词都能表达“尽管”，但是despite是个介词，后面只能跟名词(短语)或doing。although 是个连词，后面可以直接跟句子。 [7]A.考查句意理解。本句意思是“在现代动物园里，动物们在更大的场地里享受着更多的自由，所 以它们可以活得更舒适，就好像活在自然界那样”。所以，这里选择“freedom”表达“自由”。 [8]B.考查句意理解。根据上题的解释，我们选择“comfortably”表达“舒适地”。 [9]B.考查固定用法。“flow through”的意思是“流经……”。 [10]A.考查定语从句。“areas”后面是一个定语从句，这个定语从句修饰“areas”。由于“areas”在该 定语从句中充当介词“in”的宾语，所以只能选择that来作定语从句的引导词了。如果将句中的“in” 去掉，则本题应该选择where。 6. 二、单项选择题(共10道小题，共50.0分) 1. The present should never ________ customs which have lost their usefulness. A. chain to B. tie at C. be tied at D. be chained to 2. (错误)Jefferson ________to accept other people's opinions without careful thought. A. refused B. declined C. rejected D. refuted 3. (错误)Jefferson may be ________famous ________George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, but most people remember at least one fact about him: he wrote the Declaration of Independence. A. less…than B. less…to C. more…than D. as…as 4. Many species of animals which once lived on the earth are no longer _________. A. in practice B. in existence C. in common D. in turn 5. She _______ that if he didn’t give her enough money, she would make it public. A. threatened B. tortured C. feared D. scared 温馨推荐 您可前往百度文库小程序 享受更优阅读体验 不去了 立即体验 6. The tone of his voice，which was so ________，silenced everyone. A. surrounding B. greeting C. commanding D. earning 7. (错误)He knows that the commotion would frighten the cobra ________. A. into striking B. at striking C. to strike D. into strike 8. (错误)The guests sit in their ________ dining room. A. spacecraft B. wide C. spacious D. broad 9. (错误)The young couple ________ with their guests. A. seat B. seated C. are seated D. are sitting down 10. The meeting is __________ next Friday. A. to be held B. be held C. to be hold D. to hold 一、完形填空（共1道小题，共50.0分） 1. (错误)The world is not only hungry; it is also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 75% of the earth’s surface_1___ covered with water. But about 97% of this huge __2_ is seawater, _3__ salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3% of the fresh water that comes from rivers, lakes, underground, and other _4__. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it is in the form of icebergs and glaciers. Even worse, some of it has been polluted. However, as things stand today, this small amount of fresh water, _5__ is constantly being replaced by rainfall, is still enough for us. But our need__6_ water is increasing rapidly―almost day by day. We all have to learn how to stop wasting our_7__water. One of the first steps we should_8__ is to develop ways of reusing it. Experiments have already been done in this__9_ , but only on a small scale. The systems that have been worked out resemble__10_ used in spacecraft. a. A. are B. was C. is D. were b. A. amount B. number C. volume D. size c. A. or B. but C. and D. also d. A. origins B. originals C. sources D. resources e. A. that B. this C. it D. which f. A. of B. about C. for D. with g. A. precious B. previous C. precise D. prior h. A. make B. take C. grant D. offer i. A. case B. field C. way D. region j. A. what B. ones C. these D. those 2. 3. 试题分值：50.0 4. 得分：[0, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 0] 5. 提示：[1]C.考查主谓一致。首先我们根据文章可以看出时态应该是一般现在时，所以B和D全 部排除。解决此题还要用到一个知识点：当主语是分数或百分数时，谓语动词的单复数由of 后面的名词决定。再看这句话的主语是“75% of the earth’s surface”（地球表面的75%），这个主语中的“surface”是不可数名词，所以后面的谓语用单数形式“is”。 [2]A.考查名词辨析。本句大意是“这么多水量中有97%都是海水，或称作咸水”。解题关键是“水量” 用哪个词来表达。因为“水的数量”是不可数的，所以选择一个不可数名词才可以，即amount。 number意思是“数目”，但是它表示的“数目”是可数的。volume的意思是“体积，容量”，意思不适合这里。size的意思是“尺寸”，意思也不适合。 [3]A.考查连词辨析。根据本句的意思(上题已经提到)，我们选择or，其意思是“或者说”，用来 引导同义词作补充说明。 [4]C.考查名词辨析。source的意思是“来源”,resource的意思是“资源”,origin的意思是“起源”。 original一般作形容词用，意思是“起初的，原始的”，作名词用时意思是“原件，原稿”。本句表示“别的水源”，当然应选择source来表达。 [5]D.考查定语从句。“fresh water”后面的那个句子是一个定语从句。又因为这个定语从句是非限 定性的(判断的标志是fresh water后面的那个逗号)，所以只能选择which来做定语从句的引 导词。 [6]C.考查固定搭配。“need for”的意思是“对……的需求”。本句大意是“我们对水的需求在不断增 加――几乎与日俱增”。 [7]A.考查形容词辨析。precious的意思是“珍贵的”,previous意思是“之前的”,precise的意思是“精 确的”,prior的意思是“更重要的，较早的”。本题表示水很珍贵，自然应该选择A。 [8]B.考查固定词组。“take steps”的意思是“采取步骤，采取措施”。本句大意是“我们首先要采取的 措施就是要找到再利用水源的方法”。 [9]B.考查名词辨析。field这里的意思是“方面，领域”。本句大意是“在这个方面已经做了很多试验, 只不过试验的范围都比较小”。case的意思是“案例，个案，情况”,way的意思是“道路，方法”, region的意思是“地区”。 [10]D.考查代词用法。本句大意是“目前人们采取的系统和太空飞船上采取的系统相似”。后面选择 的代词要能够代替前面的那个“the systems”。ones和those都可以有这种替代的用法，区别如下: ones代表前面无定冠词的可数名词复数(前面总带有形容词作定语，不能单独使用),those代表前面有定冠词的可数名词复数。举两个例子: New pens always write better than old ones. (ones= pens) 新钢笔总是比旧钢笔写字好。 He told me the stories of himself and those of his sister (those= the stories) 他告诉我他自己的故事还有他妹妹的故事。 本题中用those代替“the systems”。 6. 二、单项选择题(共10道小题，共50.0分) 1. (错误)He was ________ a good and tireless writer. A. first B. for all C. above all D. of all 2. (错误)Jefferson's courage and idealism ________ knowledge. A. were originated from B. founded on C. were based on D. based on 3. (错误)Where did you _______ your knowledge of Chinese history? A. obtain B. receive C. appoint D. leave 4. (错误)He did not fear new ideas,_________ fear the future. A. nor he did B. or did he C. nor he could D. nor did he 5. (错误) She _______ that if he didn’t give her enough money, she would make it public. A. threatened B. tortured C. feared D. scared 6. (错误)He knows that the commotion would frighten the cobra ________. A. into striking B. at striking C. to strike D. into strike 7. (错误)While a man may feel like________, he has that ounce more of control than a woman has. A. screaming B. to scream C. scream D. to screaming 8. (错误)Dick has __________ his childish habits. A. outgrown B. outlet C. outnumbered D. outdone 9. (错误)The man’s eyes _________ with fear when he saw the robber’s gun. A. wider B. widened C. hastened D. thrilled 10. (错误)A strong wind _________ after we left the harbor. A. stick up B. stick C. sprang D. sprang up 一、完形填空(共1道小题，共50.0分) 1. ( 错误) Human language is a system of symbols. No other animal has a complex symbolic language that must be learned. Animal language is largely instinctive, __1__ basic human language is learned speech, composed __2__ sounds that symbolize things, ideas, actions and the like. We learn to read, often with considerable effort, by noticing or _3__ taught that groups of letters for the sounds that we already know __4__ to speak. We learn to write, with even _5__ effort, by learning to form the letters, __6_ are symbols of sounds, and to put them together on paper so that others can read what we “say”. Since human language is a form of human behavior, _7___ is nothing absolute about it. It has __8__ slowly throughout human history and will continue to develop. In the English language there are perhaps 600,000___9_. Possibly more, but most of them are _10__ only to specialists and are rarely used. a. A. while B. because C. since D. so b. A. on B. by C. of D. in c. A. having B. being C. are D. been d. A. what B. how C. which D. why e. A. larger B. fewer C. less D. greater f. A. they B. those C. which D. that g. A. there B. it C. which D. one h. A. developed B. lasted C. survived D. functioned i. A. sounds B. works C. letters D. signs j. A. given B. seen C. felt D. known 2. 3. 试题分值:50.0 4. 得分:[0, 0, 5, 5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5] 5. 提示：解析: [1]A.考查句意理解。本句大意是“动物的语言大部分是本能产生的，但是人类的语言则是可以通过 学习获得……”。可见这里是转折的关系，所以选择while表示“但是”。 [2]C.本题考查固定搭配。因为“be composed of”是固定词组，意思是“由……构成”。本句意思是说 “人类的语言有声音构成，这些声音表达事物、观念、动作等等”。 [3]B.考查搭配和句意理解。首先我们注意到前面有一个介词by，而介词后面的动词必须要用动名 词doing的形式，据此排除C和D。再者，本句大意是“我们通常需要付出很多努力才可以学会阅读，我们是通过观察或者被别人告知才了解到字母的组合代表着我们已经学位的发音。”这里选择being和taught组合在一起表达被动含义。 [4]B.考查句意理解，根据上面的解释，我们知道应该选择how。“how to speak”意思是“怎样来说 话”。 [5]D.考查上下文理解。上文已经说到学会阅读需要花费很多的努力，这里说学会写字，则要花费“更 多”的努力才行。本句中的even其实也给我们进行了暗示，表示前后需要比较。所以选择greater (程度上更大的)。Larger一般表示空间上更大，所以不选。 [6]C.考查语法。这里需要选择一个定语从句的引导词来引导后面的这个定语从句，又因为这是个 非限定性的定语从句，所以只能选择which。 [7]A.考查固定句型。这里用的是“there be句型”。本句大意是“因为语言只是人类行为的一种形式, 所以语言并非一成不变的。” [8]A.考查动词辨析。本句说语言在人类历史中一直在发展，故而选择developed(发展)。Lasted 意思是“持续”,survived意思是“幸存”,functioned意思是“起作用”。 [9]A.考查句意理解。本句说到英语中有约60万个语音。所以选择sounds。Works意思是“作品”, letters意思是“字母”(英语中不可能有60万个字母),sign意思是“标记”。 [10]D.考查句意理解。本句意思承接上句，大意是“这些语音大多数只有专家才知道，而且也很少 用。”所以选择known。 6. 二、单项选择题(共10道小题，共50.0分) 1. (错误)He ________to a committee to find out whether the South Branch of the James River was deep enough to be used by large boats. A. appointed B. assigned C. pointed D. was appointed 2. (错误)Mrs. Brown, who has recently been _______ general manager of our company, is one of the most capable women I have ever worked with. A. named B. appointed C. assigned D. allocated 3. (错误)The _________ of the custom is unknown. A. origin B. source C. place D. sources 4. ( 错误)It is reported that some workers on strike _______ with the police. A. action B. concluded C. appointed D. conflicted 5. (错误)The dining room has a ________ marble floor. A. empty B. bare C. hollow D. blank 6. The tone of his voice ，which was so ________，silenced everyone. A. surrounding B. greeting C. commanding D. earning 7. (错误)A ________ official and his wife are giving a large dinner party. A. colony B. colonial C. colonel D. colonist 8. (错误)The man’s eyes _________ with fear when he saw the robber’s gun. A. wider B. widened C. hastened D. thrilled 9. (错误)Tom is out of work now. Therefore, to him every penny _________. A. is value B. counts C. is possible costs D. 10. (错误)I feel like _________ cold. A. catching B. to be catching C. to catching D. to catch 11.