晋国论文：春秋晋国知氏研究

晋国论文：春秋晋国知氏研究 晋国论文:春秋晋国知氏研究 【中文摘要】春秋时期社会政治格局变迁的总趋势是公室政权由盛而衰,而私室由于自身实力的提高则逐渐秉持列国国政。从某种意义上而言,春秋卿族的盛衰已成为周代宗法封建政治体制变迁的历史缩影。其中,晋国知氏卿族的兴亡即为三百余年春秋社会政治变迁的典型个案。晋国自曲沃代翼始,经多次翦灭公族,终使非公室贵族成为晋国政治舞台的主角。随着君权的衰落,非公室卿族势力终成权势赫然的强卿巨室,最后出现了三家分晋,致使晋国灭亡。知氏作为非公室卿族在此历史进程中异军突起,在春秋中晚期晋国卿族政治中从小到大、由弱而强,到知瑶之时已权倾晋国,俨然为一诸侯。然而由于种种机缘,在知氏势力发展至巅峰之时,却遭致灭族亡家之命运。由此可见,知氏卿族的兴衰这一个案实蕴含着极为丰富的社会政治寓意,在战国以降史鉴意识勃兴的背景下,历代史家及史著甚至将其作为上古与中古政治体制转型及历史进程的重要标识。如先秦典籍《左传》、《国语?晋语》皆以知氏灭亡作为相关撰述的结篇,秦汉以降如《资治通鉴》等文献亦多以其作为开篇,以作后人鉴戒。由此可见,对相关问题的探讨显具重要的学术价值。本文正是基于以上视角,对知氏兴衰及其体现的相应历史时期的社会政治意涵进行论述。全文除了引言和结语外,共分为四章。第一章,主要通过对知氏起源及世系问题的探讨,试图 【英文摘要】It’s a general trend that social-political pattern in Spring and Autumn Period was the vicissitudes of office regime from rise to fall, while the power of some ministers gradually became upliftment because of its own reinforcement strengthen and took the helm of the states. In some sense, the ups and downs of the minister-family in Spring and Autumn has become the vicissitudes of political system changes in feudal patriarchal Zhou dynasty history as a miniature.In some sense, the ups and downs of the minister-family in Spring and Autumn has become the vicissitudes of political system changes in feudal patriarchal Zhou dynasty history as a miniature. Among them, the Zhi-family of Jin was known as the typical case in the 300 years of social and political change in Spring and Autumn period.Since the beginning of QuWo-generation in Jin, office regime was annihilated many times, and finally non-GongZu noble became the protagonist on the political stage in Jin.With the decadence of the regality, non-GongZu noble had finally came into majorclient , ultimately appeared the social phenomenon that Jin was divided among Han-Zhao-Wei, led to the destruction of Jin. In this historical process, as non-GongZu noble, the Zhi-family of Jin suddenly became a new-rising force, expanded from a small to a large force among the nobles in the middle-and late Spring and Autumn period, by the period of Yao has controlled the whole regime of Jin, peremptory as a Jin governorsHowever, due to various’s forces occasionally, when the power of Zhi up to the peak, suffered from the fate of nation conquered and race extinct. Therefore, from the case of Zhi-family’s rise and fall, the incident contains abundant social-political implications, under the background of historical consciousness boomed after the period of Zhanguo, all historians and history works in previous dynasties seen the case as the important mark of ancient and medieval political system transformation and the historical process .In the pre-Qin classics ancient codes and records, such as Zuozhuan, “Guoyu?Jinyu” all argued the destruction of Zhi as a related accounts. After the Qin-Han Dynisity, literatures suah as Zizhitongjian alsomentioned the case as the start of introductory, warning later generations.As a result, discusses the related problems have important academic value.his paper based on the above views, deal with the ups and downs of Zhi-family and discuss the corresponding implications what reflected in its social and political history of the period. This dissertation will be divided into four chapters, in addition, including the preface and epilogue . Thefirstchapter, mainly disscussing the origin and lineages of the Zhi-family, trying to restore the lineage of the Zhi-family heritage.The second chapter, summarizes the main deeds occurred in different generations of the Zhi-family according to the order of the family-lineage. The third chapter, expound and prove the powerful Zhi-family in Spring and Autumn period through the city, fiefdom and the territory. The fourth chapter, researching the reasons why the Zhi-family’s rise and decline so as to die out through dynamic analysis of the owners-holding in-principles of the family, in order to make clear that conclusions in which early-owners maintain the family, strengthen the family as a big one and the he last master of the family Zhiyao’s extinction.In conclusion, based on a summary analysis and research of theZhi-family, I think, as an important part of Jin-noble families, the political power’s rise reflecting the political history progress of non-GongZu noble replaced noble’s in Jin, with the constantly govern-principles’changing of Zhi , the Qing-family experienced the progress from small to large, from weak to strong. However, due to personal reasons of Zhiyao, seven generations of the Qing-family was destroyed in a very short time, then lost the historical chance to divide the Jin with Han-Zhao-Wei. All that matters is, researching the Zhi-family in the Spring and Autumn period, not only help to recovery the incident itself, making clrar of the family’s rise and fall, but also help to find out the vicissitudes in Chinese ancient social-political. 【关键词】晋国 卿族 治家原则 封邑 【备注】索购全文在线加好友:1.3.9.9.3.8848 同时提供论文写作一对一指导和论文发表委托服务 【英文关键词】Jin miniters owners-holding in-principles fiefs 【目录】春秋晋国知氏研究 中文摘要 4-5 英文摘要 5-6 引言 8-11 一、传统学术期 8-9 二、现当代 学术深入期 9-11 第一章 知氏起源及其世系传承 11-21 一、晋国卿族概述 11-15 (一) 春秋时期的卿 族 11-12 (二) 晋国卿族概述 12-15 二、荀知一体与 知氏的起源 15-21 (一) 春秋晋国知氏的起源 15-17 (二) 知氏的世系分析 17-21 第二章 春秋知氏盛衰事迹述略 21-25 一、知首事迹述略 21 二、知罃事迹述略 21-22 三、知盈事迹述略 22 四、知跞事迹述略 22-23 五、知瑶事迹述略 23-25 第三章 知氏封邑及领 地考述 25-30 一、知 25 二、涂水 25 三、辅氏 25-26 四、宅阳 26 五、高梁 26-27 六、穷鱼之丘 27 七、仇犹 27 八、成皋 27-28 九、蓝台 28-30 第四章 春秋知氏兴亡原因析论 30-37 一、知氏兴盛原因 30-33 二、知氏灭亡原因 33-37 结语 37-38 参考文献 38-41 后记 41