介词with有哪些常见用法(1)

介词with有哪些常见用法(1) 介词with有哪些常见用法- -小结如下:1.指关系，适应范围，表示“关于，对于，就„„来说”。如:The doctor found that there was something wrong with Jame's eyes. Things go on well with us. What do you want with me? 2.指同伴，同道(行为方式)，表示“和„„一起”“同„„一起”。如:They are with me in China.Can you come to swim with us? 3.指工具，手段(行为方式)，表示“用”。如:Let's begin with this question. 4.指所有物(行为方式)，表示“有，带，在„„身边”如:Run with the nice kite like this. 5.指在„„方面(行为方式)，表示“做”。如:I have to help Dad with the cooking.=I have to help Dad do the cooking. 6.与构成固定搭配，指对待、对付、处置，表示“利用，使用”。如:What do the farmers do with your machines? so和such用法小结一,so的常见用法1.当so作副词,修饰形容词或副词时,表示程度,意为"这么","那么".如:Don' t be so silly.别那么傻. He ran so fast.他跑得那么快. 2.如果so后无形容词,则so不能与名词连用.如:I' ve never seen so tall a child(=such a tall child).我从未见过个儿那么高的小孩.切不可以说"He is so a child."但是,so little,so much可与不可数名词连用,so few,so many可与复数名词连用.如:Tom ate so much food a meal.汤姆一餐吃了那 么多的食物.There' re so few people in the hall.大厅里的人很少. 3.So…that 意为"如此……以至于……",是一个常见句型,也是中考常考的句型.如:Jane' s leg was so painful that she couldn' t move at all. 简的腿那么疼,以至于根本动不了.该句型还可以转换成"So + adj.+ a/an+名词"结构.如:Mike is so clever a boy that all like him. 麦克这么聪明,大家都喜欢他.so that意为"以便","为的是",引导目的状语从句(该目的状语通常用情态动词作谓语)如:They can help you to compare two different products so that you can buy the one you really like.他们能帮助你比较两种不同的产品,以便你能买到自己真正喜欢的. so that从句还可表示结果,意为"因此", 如:His pen is missing,so that he hasn' t done his homework.他的笔不见了,因此他无法完成作业. 4.so与动词say,tell,think,believe,suppose等连用,可以替代一个意义完整的宾语从句.如:Is she a top student in her class Yes,I think so.她是她 们班最好的学生吗 是的,我想是这样.so与动词do连用,意为"这样做",以避免重复前面的有关内容.而if so意为"如果是这样".如: He did so in order to help her.他这样做是为了帮助她 .Are you a student If so(=If you are ),may I have your name,please 你是学生吗 如果是,请问你叫什么名字 5."So + be/其他助动词/情态动词 + 主语"是倒装结构,意为"同样","也".这一结构在中考试题中也经常出现.如:—I usually go to bed at night. —So do I.—我通常晚上睡觉.—我也是. 6.so作连词,表示结果,意为"所以","因此".如:—How do you like this shirt —It' s beautiful and it fits me well,so (that) I 1ike it very much. —你喜欢这件衬衣吗 —它既漂亮又很合身,因此我非常喜欢. 7."not so +adj./adv.(原级)+as"是一个常见的比较级句型,也是中考常考的句型,意思是"不如","不及".如: The man doesn' t work so hard as me.这个人工作不如我努力. 二,such的常见用法1.such是限定词,常和名词连用,意为"如此的","这样的".如:She is such a kind woman.她是一个如此善良的女人. Grandpa often told us such funny stories.爷爷常给我们讲这么有趣的故事.Don't go out in such bad weather.天气这么糟,不要 出去 区别:so是副词,修饰形容词和副词,在句中充当状语.Such为形容词修饰名词,在句中作定语,请看下面几个句子. ? The fish is so long. ? Don't drive so fast, it's dangerous. ? Fred is so good a man.Fred is such a good man. ? It was such interesting meeting.The meeting was so intersting. ? There were such a lot of people. There were so many people. 以上句子中,?,?句比较简单,so为副词,分别修饰形容词long和副词fast.?句中的so修饰good,可用形容词such改为: Fred is such a good man. 这句话和原句的意义不变,但用so要用so+adj+a/an+n.的结构来表达.用such需用such+a/an+adj+n.的结构来表达.?句中仍可按?的形 式表达,但也可写成: The meeting was so interesting. 其句意不变.?句中的such也可换为so,但更据习惯搭配,应将a lot of 变为many为宜 如其后所修析的名词为不可数名词,还需将a lot of改为much.如: With such a lot of time,they should have finished their homework 用so则为: With so much time, they so have finished their homework. 因此遇到这种情况,我们可将such+a lot of+n.结构变为so+many/much+n.结构 再看这样一个句子: The enemy scattered in such a hurry. 可改为:The enemy scattered so hurriedly.又如: The plane flies at such a speed. 则可写成:The plane flies so fast. 这样的句子为such+a/an+n结构,改为so+adv结构其义不变. 在so……that—clause中和such……that---clause中,我们也可参照以上的结构来进行转换. 巧记不规则名词单变复 :男女脚步牙鹅，老鼠加虱婆。 man-men; woman-women; foot-feet; tooth-teeth; goose-geese; mouse-mice; louse-lice. 有些动词用过去完成时，常表示“想做而未做”的意思。可巧记其首字为组成的“withspem”，代表:wish,intend,think,hipe,suppose,plan,expect,mean out of question和out of the question 无the“无问题”，(毫无疑问) 有the“有问题”，(不可能) 巧记lie和lay 躺 lie,lay,lain,lie in bed again; 撒谎 lie,lied,lied,don't be a liar; 产蛋 lay,laid,laid,a hen laid an egg; 放置 a loy picked it up,and laid it in the bag. “i drop caps” 在某些表示请求、命令、建议等动词后面的宾语从句中，谓语动词要用动词原形或should+动词原形。 denand, r—request/require/recommend, o—order, p—propose, c—command, a—advise, p—preqersic, s—suggest. i—insist, d— 字母“oo”读音歌 “oo”发[u:]最常见，非重音中要短念。 字母“k”前不能长，“好脚站木羊毛”短。 “血”与“水灾”真特殊，“oo”读[λ]细分辨。 “oo”加“r”读作[ ]，“poor”读[ ]好可怜。 注:“好脚站木”即:good,foot,stood,wood 第二句也可以是:“d、k之前oo短，“foot”、“food”恰相反。 1.长音:bloom,boot,cool,foot,moon,root,school,soon,too,troop,room,zoo 2.弱读短:classsroom,schoolroom,workroom,bedroom,boyhood 3.k前短:book,brook,cook,look,shook,took 4.[ ]:door,floor 后只接动名词做宾语的一些常用特殊动词 “放弃”“享受”可“后悔”， “坚持”“练习”必“完成”， “延期”“避免”非“介意” 动名词在句中的功能及其它 动名”语法其功能，名词特征有动、形，主宾表定都可作，“动名”、“现分”要认清，“现分”不作“宾”和“主”， 动名作“状”可不行。二词皆可作定语，混为一谈不允许，主谓关系视分词，“动名”一词无此义。 现在分词形式及在句子中的作用(包括过去分词的作用): 现在分词真好记，动词后面ing。它的作用真不小，可以充当定状表。 分词做状语在句子中所表示的意义 分词做状语，概有七意义。“ 时间”和“原因”，“结果”与“目的”。 “方式”加“伴随”，“条件”常出席。 且谈其主语，谓语头前的*。 欲要记住它，必须常练习。(*指句子的主语) 独立主格结构 独立结构要认清:名、代之后副或形。 或是分词或“介短”，with结构不可轻， 名代二词是其“主”，句子结构必分明。 独立结构好掌握 句中作用只一个: 千变万化皆做“状”，其中意义也不多。 “时间”“条件”和“原因”，“方式”“伴随”没别的。 “状从”和其前三个，可以互变不难学。 英语分数巧记 英语分数不费事，“母序子基”四个字。 分子若是大于一，分母还须加-s。 ie和ei歌 e-i和i-e,两者都可读作[i:] i总要走在前，除非前面是个c (ceiling,believe,field,receive,piece) 加-ing要双写的常见动词 一个m，两个d和g (swim) (nod,rid) (dig,beg) 三n，四p，十个t (run,win,begin) (dip,drop,mop,stop) (sit,hit,fit,set,get,let,put,regret,forget,pat) (下加线的词，构成过去式、过去分词时，也须双写尾字母) be made of 和be made from 巧记 物质不变用of,物质变化from,如果物质不明白，可问君自何处来, 要求跟随动名词的动词 (1)“megafeps”(霉咖啡不吃),mind,miss,enjoy,give up,admit,avoid,finish,escape,practise. (2)“makes (a) fit speach”mind,avoid,keep,enjoy,suggest/finish,imagine,think about,spend,practise,excuse,euape,can't help 要求跟不定式的动词 “要想干，同意办，愿意不愿意，决定尽量干。” a要求，想要，希望(want,wish,hope,expect,intend,mean) b同意(agree,promise) c意愿(care,hate,refuse) d决定，企图(determine,decide,offer,atlempt,try,mamage) 要求跟不定式作宾补的动词 (1)劝教命请叫(advise,teach,order,command,ask,teld) (2)允许又警告(allow,perimt,warn) (3)使役表意向(cause,let,have,make,lead,set,leave,get,wish,want,expect) (4)知觉动词妙(feel,hear,watch,see,obsreve,notice)<省却to>; 既跟动名词也跟不定式的动词 begin,start,continue,forget,remember,regret,intend,like,love,hate,try,mean. 常见的要求跟动名词作宾语，跟不定式作宾语的动词有: advise,forbid,understand,suppose,consider,allow,permit.连接首字母即为a fu's cap(阿福的帽子) 阿福的帽子，代表七动词，宾补不定式，宾语动名词 ex.—what is it that they permit? —some old magazines. a.taking away b.being taken away c.to take away d.to be taken away As用法 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf as可用作连词，引导比较、时间、原因及方式等四种状语从句，应注意的是，引导的比较状语从句往往有省略;引导的时间状语从句一般用一般现在时而不用一般将来时;引导原因状语从句时与“Because”和“since”引导的从句比较起起来语气最弱。 as作介词，意思时“作为”，“以……身份”。例如:He came to China as a tourist five years ago. 而表示像…一样时，like通常作介词用，而介词后面通常接名词，代名词和动名词。 as in Australia“和在澳大利亚一样”。 as……as AS +adj(原级)+AS AS +adv(原级)+AS as soon as 一……就 as soon as possible 尽可能快地 as early as possible 尽可能早的 as carefully as you can 尽可能认真地 as careful as you can 尽可能认真的 1。as是连词，表示“随着”的意义。lives是life的复数，意义是“生活”。
2。as是连词，表示“因为，由于”的意义。wanting是现在分词，表示主动意义，wanting to buy cars=who want to buy cars。 As的用法小结 as可以作连词、介词及关系代词和副词。现将其用法小结如下: (一)、 as作连词的用法: 1.作“在-------期间，当----的时候”引导时间状语从句.注意与when、 while的用法区别。 ?下列情形时,只用as, 而不用when或while。 1)用于表示同一个人的两种动作交替进行,指一边----一边. 如: The girl sings as she goes to school. He looked behind occasionally as he went forward in the forest. 2)表示两个同步发生的动作或行?意思是随着-----的发展.如: As time went on / by, she became more and more beautiful . As children get older, they become more and more interested in everything. 3)表示两个短暂行为或事情几乎同时发生.如:I watched her as she read the book. I thought of it just as you opened your mouth. Just as the flying worm hit her face, she gave a loud cry. 4)接在名词后面表示某一个年龄段时.如: As a young man, he was active in sports. ?when作"当……的时候"解,可以指较短的(一点)时间,也可指一段时间。如:When I was at college, I could speak several foreign languages. When the clock struck twelve, I had slept for 2hours. ? while常表示一段较长的时间或一个过程,强调主句谓语动词与从句谓语动词同时发生。如:Work while you work. Play while you play. 2. As =Since 作"既然"、"由于"解,引导原因状语从句,常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。如: As he’s been ill for ages, I will help him. As / Since you're not feeling well, you may stay at home. As he wasn't ready , we went without him. 3. As =in the way that作"像"、"按照……的方式"解,引导方式状语从句。如: Do as I told you. Remember, you must do everything as I do. 4. 用于as--- as或not / so/ as ---- as中,前一个as是副词,后一个as是连词,引导比较状语从句。如:They helped the old as much as possible. I don't speak English so/ as well as she does. 5. 表示虽然,尽管 等,引导让步状语从句,常用倒装语序,模式为: adj. /adv. / n.+as +主语+谓语+主句。如: Young as he is, he knows much. Tired as they were, they walked on. 6. 表示也------一样。 She is a doctor, as was her husband. (二)、 as作关系代词,引导定语从句,表示正如,这一点.如: He is very careful, as we all know. As is well-known, Taiwan belongs to China. 另外,当先行词被the same, such等词修饰时,常用as来引导定语从句。如: Such a clever girl as she can learn anything quickly. I was reading the same book as he bought yesterday. (三)、as作介词的用法. 1.表示好像。如:He dressed as a policeman. 2. 表示作为当作。如:I found a job as a guide. 3.当某人是某身份时如:As a child , she was sent to abroad. 4. as引导的介词短语大多用作状语,as译为"作为";少数情况可引起宾语补足语。 如 As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything. (状语) She works as a model. (状语) She has me as one of her best friends.(引起宾语 补足语) (四)、作副词的用法 1 表示与------等同。如:This dress is twice as expensive as that one. 2 像，如等。如:As before, he remained unmoved. 总之，通过以上的分析，我们对as的词性和用法有了比较全面的理解和把握，才能在实际的运用中做到心中有数，应付裕如。 常见词as用法总结一、 用作连词的as1. 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，其用法与when和while类似。例如:As a child (When he was a child), she was sent to six different schools. 此用法中as多表示从句与主句动作同时进行，一般不与状态动词连用，意为“一边……一边……”。 例如:She sang songs as she did her homework. as 还可以表示一动作紧接着另一动作发生，说明另一动作的结果，有“随着……”的含义。例 如:As time went by, we found he was an honest man./As he grew older, he lost interest in everything except gardening. 例1 It wasn’t until nearly a month later________ I received the manager’s reply. A. since B. whenC. as D. that 解析:本题中的as与when一起作为干扰项，容易使同学往时间状语从句上思考，事实上本题是强调句，正确选项是D。 2. 引导原因状语从句，表示“由于，因为”，相当于because, 但通常置于句首。例如:As he is a qualified doctor, I trust his advice on medical matters. 例2 _____ modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If 解析:本题中as干扰性很强，很多同学误以为是原因状语从句，但仔细分析不难发现正确答案应是A(while表示“只要”)。 3. 引导让步状语从句，通常可与although或though通用，但语序不同，although或though用于句首，as用于倒装结构。例如:Young as I am, I already know what career I want to follow. /Although(或Though)I am young, I already know what career I want to follow. as 表示让步用于倒装结构，通常将从句的表语、状语或动词前置。如果表语有冠词a/an, 需去掉。例如:Great scholar as he is, he is lacking in common sense./Much as I like you, I couldn’t live with you. / Try as he would, he couldn’t open the door. 例3 _____ he has limited technical knowledge, the older worker has a lot of experience.A. Since B. UnlessC. As D. Although 解析: as 虽然有引导让步状语从句的用法，但本题不是倒装结构，故正确答案应是D。 4. 引导方式状语从句，表示“如，像”。例如:When in Rome, do as Romans do./Do to others as you would have others do to you. 例4 We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn’t quite ______ as planned.A. make out B. turn outC. go on D. come up 解析: 本题考查动词词组辨析，题干中的“as planned”提供了重要信息，答案选B。 5. 固定句型:“主句，as +be/do+主语”表示“也一样”。例如:She’s unusually tall, as are both her parents./He’s a doctor, as was his wife before she had children.二、 用作介词的as 1. 表示“如，像”。例如:They got united as one man./She spoke of me as her dearest friend. 2. 表示“作为，当作”。例如:As a League member, you should think more of others./After graduating from the college, he firstly worked as a clerk in a big company.3. 与某些动词搭配，表示“把……当作……”，如:look on...as..., regard...as..., treat...as..., consider...as..., think of...as..., see...as...等。 其中consider...as...中的as可以省略。as与famous或known搭配，表示“作为……而出名”。 例5 Linda worked for the Minnesota Manufacturing and Mining Company, ______ as 3M.A. knowing B. knownC. being known D. to be known 解析: 如果熟悉be known as这一短语，运用有关非谓语动词的常识，就可选出正确答案B。 三、 用作关系代词的as1. 引导限制性定语从句，先行词前通常有as, so, such, same等修饰语。例如:He will marry as pretty a girl as he can find./My hometown is no longer the same as it used to be./As many people as are present will be given a present.在此种用法中，同学们要注意与结果状语从句的 区别。比如:? The teacher asked us such a difficult question that none of us could answer it.? The teacher asked us such a difficult question as none of us could answer.?句为结果状语从句，而?句则是定语从句。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句，用来指代整个主句(即先行句)，表示“这一事实，那一情况”。从句可以位于句首、句中或句末。例如:We stand when the national anthem is played, as is the custom .例6 ______ I explained on the telephone, your request will be considered at the next meeting.A. When B. AfterC. As D. Since 解析: 根据句意，选项C是正确答案。这里as体现的正是本点所讲用法。例7 _______ is our belief that improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous economy.A. As B. ThatC. This D. It解析: 本题中的as项干扰性很强，容易误选。实际上，句中that引导的应 是真正的主语从句，it充当形式主语，故选D。如果将题干中的that换为逗号，则必须选as。 例8 Danby left word with my secretary ________ he would call again in the afternoon.A. who B. thatC. as D. which 解析: that引导的从句是word的同位语，本题应选B。as无此用法，在这里起干扰作用。 四、 用作副词的as 修饰形容词或副词，表示程度，意为“同样地”。例如:He swims fast, but I swim just as fast. 但它通常构成表示比较的结构 as...as...，not as...as...。此结构中第一个as是副词，第二个as是连词。否定结构中的副词as可以由so代替。as...as possible和as...as one can也 属于这种用法。例如:It is generally believed that teaching is as much an art as it is a science./The movie was not as good as I had expected./I play tennis as well as him. 五、 用在习语中的as 由as构成的习语很多，常见的有:as soon as “一……就”，引导时间状语从句;as(或so) long as “只要”，引导条件 状语从句;as if/though “好像，仿佛”，引导方式状语从句或表语从句;as to(或as for) “至于，就……而言”;as much(或many) as“多达……”; as(或so) far as “就……的限度”;as a result of “(由于……的)结果”;as a matter of fact“事实上”;as well “也，还”;A as well as B“不但A而 且B”;as it is“照现状看，看样子”，等等。这些习语在高考中出现频率较高，有的作为正确选项，有的作为干扰项，有的出现在题干。例如: 例9 I would like a job which pays more, but ______ I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment.A. in other wordsB. on the other handC. for one thingD. as a matter of fact解析: 选项D极具干扰意义，进一步研读会发现本题中的两个分句表达了一件事的两个对立面，故选B。 例10 —People should stop using their cars and start using public transport. —______. The roads are too crowded as it is. A. All right B. Exactly C. Go ahead D. Fine 解析: 本题的as没有出现在选项中，但题干中的as it is是解题的关键信息，正确选项为B。 例11 Maggie has been fortunate to find a job she loves and, _____, she gets well paid for it.A. sooner or laterB. what’s moreC. as a result D. more or less解析: 本题的后一个分句不表示结果，而是递进，故选B而不是C。 例12 The winter of 1990 was extremely bad. _______ most people say it was the worst winter of their lives.A. At last B. In factC. In a word D. As a result解析: 选项D起干扰作用，正确选项为B。以上总结的是as一词在教材中出现的主要用法及在高考卷中的具体应用，可以看出它词性多， 词义广，用法灵活。同学们在复习中一定要理清思路，抓住重点，应用时仔细分析上下文，弄清逻辑关系，才能作出正确选择。 独立主格 由一个名词或代词作为逻辑主语,加上一个分词、形容词、副词、动词不定式或介词短语作为逻辑谓语构成,这种结构在形式上与主句没有关系, 通常被称为独立主格结构。(一)独立主格结构的构成: 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词 名词(代词)+形容词 名词(代词)+副词 名词 (代词)+不定式 名词(代词) +介词短语构成 独立主格结构主要起状语作用,相当于一个状语从句,多用来表示行为、方式、伴随等情况,有时也可用来表示时间、原因、条件等情况。 1、名词或代词主格 + 分词 ?The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report. 实验做完了,同学们继续在 实验 报告 软件系统测试报告下载sgs报告如何下载关于路面塌陷情况报告535n,sgs报告怎么下载竣工报告下载 上做 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 。?Time permitting, we can have a walk around the playground after supper. 如果时间允许,晚饭后我们可以到操场上散步。 2、名词或代词主格 + 形容词 ?Computers very small, we can use them widely. 电脑虽小,我们却能广泛地利用它们。 ? The clothes very dirty, you'd better wash them quickly. 衣服很脏,你快点儿洗洗吧! 3、名词或代词主格 + 不定式The last guest to arrive, our party was started. 最后一位客人到了,我们的晚会就开始了。 4、名词或代词主格 + 介词短语? Our English teacher came into the classroom, papers in hand. 我们的英语老师走进了教室,手里拿着试卷。 ? There is a river in the valley, fresh flowers on the banks. 山谷中有一条河,河两岸长满了鲜花。 5、名词或代词主格 + 副词? The meeting over, our headmaster soon left the meeting-room. 散会了,校长很快就离开了会议室。 ? The lights off, we could not go on with the work. 灯熄了,我们不能继续工作了。 英语四级考试:作文强调手法运用 一、用形容词“very”，“single”等表示强调 Red Army fought a battle on this very spot. 红军就在此地打过一仗 Not a single person has been in the office this afternoon. 今天下午竟然没有一个人来过办公室。二、用反身代词表示强调 I myself will see her off at the station. 我将亲自到车站为她送行。You can do it well yourself. 你自己能做好这件事情。三、用助词“do”表示强调The baby is generally healthy， but every now and then she does catch a cold. 那孩子的健康状况尚好，但就是偶尔患感冒。Do be quiet. I told you I had a headache. 务必 安静，我告诉过你，我头疼。四、用副词“very”，“only”，“even”，“too”，“just”等表示强调He drank it to the very last drop.他把它喝得一干二 净。Only in this way can we wipe out the enemy troops. 只有用这样的方法我们才能消灭敌军。He didn’t answer even my letter.他甚至连我 的信都不回。I will too go～ 我要去的～The scenery is just superb. 风景真是美极了。五、用“...and that”，“...and those”，“not...too much”，“否 定加否定”等结构表示强调 They fulfilled the task， and that in a few days. 他们在几天内完成的就是那项任务。I gave her some presents， and those the day before yesterday. 前天我送给她的就是那些礼物。I can’t thank you too much. 我无论怎样感谢你都不过份。I am not unfaithful to you. 我对你无比忠诚。六、用短语“in every way”，“in no way”，“by all means”，“by no means”，“only too”，“all too”，“but too”， “in heaven”，“in the world”，“in hell”，“on earth”，“under the sun”等表示强调w,w.Exam,.CoM His behaviour was in every way perfect. 他的举止确实无可挑剔。By all means take your son with you. 你一定要把儿子带来。The news was only too true. 这消息确实是事实。It was over all too soon～ 此事的确了结得很快～Where in heaven were you then,当时你到底在哪里,Nobody under the sun would buy that car. 确 实没有人会买那辆车。七、用倒装句表示强调Dishonest he is～ 他的确不诚实～In wine is the truth. 酒后吐真言。八、用强调句型表示强调 It was the headmaster who opened the door for me. 正是校长为我开的门。It was yesterday that we carried out that experiment. 就是在昨天 我们做了那个实验 2011年英语四级考试作文实用替换词总结 1、individuals,characters, folks替换(people ,persons)2、positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3、dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games,enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive. 4(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注:用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。 Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all ,替换most.5、a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some 6、harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所 以要加that)7、affair ,business ,matter 替换thing8、shared 代 common9、reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits )10、for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion11、Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用 increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly. .sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth. 12、little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly13、beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,14、shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer 15、exceedingly,extremely, intensely 替换very16、hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换 unnecessary, avoidable 17、sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in 18、capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.19、facet,demension,sphere代aspect20、be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear21、give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.22、There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth23、desire 替换want. 24、pour attention into 替换pay attention to25、bear in mind that 替换remember26、enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思) 27、interaction替换communication28、frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth29、to name only a few, as an example替 换 for example, for instance28:frown on sth替换 be against ， disagree with sth29:to name only a few， as an example替换 for example， for instance 30next to / virtually impossible，替换nearly / almost impossible 英语作文的替换词动词替换:1.Improve 提高:Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变:Transform3.Emphasize 强调:Highlight、Stress、 Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养:Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏:Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义 上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate这两个词用了就牛X了6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect，protect 这个词用在保护具体的东西。7.deal With解决Tackle、Address(这也是高难度用法，很牛)、Resolve8.need 需要Require、necessitate、 call for(这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个)形容词替换:1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的 Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive名词替换: 1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap(简单但是牛)、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society this day and age(这是最牛的说法) In 巧记单词 词语点击(turn、point、catch、carry、time、set等) turn【短语搭配】turn around 回转、转回身 turn to 转向、求助于turn in 交上去、交进去 turn into 把„„变成turn off 关掉(电器) turn on 打开(电器)turn out 结果(是) turn over 翻转turn down 调节(收音机等)使音量变小 turn up调节(收 音机等)使音量变大 by turns / in turn 轮流【考题回放】( )1. Kate, could you ____ the radio a bit? Your father is sleeping now. A. turn down B. turn offC. turn up D. turn on point【短语搭配】point out 指出 point at 指着point to 指向、说明很可能会(有)【考放】2. Mr. Wang _____ the danger of doing so. A. came out B. pointed outC. worked out D. gave out catch【短语搭配】catch fire 着火 catch hold of 抓住、抓牢 catch sight of 望见 catch up with 赶上、追上 be caught in 遇上、突然遭受 【考题回放】( )3. He studied so hard that he _____ all his classmates in the end. A. put up with B. caught up withC. came up with D. ended up with carry【短语搭配】carry off 叼走、夺走、赢得 carry on 进行、继续下去carry out 实施、执行 【考题回放】( )4. —When did they begin to ____ their plan? —Last month. A. carry out B. put outC. turn out D. look out time【短语搭配】ahead of time 提前 all the time 一直、始终 at a time 每次、一次 at all times 在任何时候、经常 at one time 一度、曾经 at the same time 同时、一起by the time 到„„时候 at the time 那时候at times有时、间或 behind the times 过时、陈旧from time to time 不时、有时have a good / great time 玩得愉快 in time 及时 once upon a time 从前、 以前on time 准时 take one’s time 慢慢来、不着急time and time again 一再【考题回放】5. —Did your father work in a factory ____? —Yes, but now he works in a bank. A. at a time B. at one time C. at the same time D. at all times set【短语搭配】a set of 一套 set an example 树立榜样set fire to 对„„放火 set off 动身、激起、引起set up 建立、创立、开 办【考题回放】( )6. The Chinese Communist Party was ____ in 1921.A. put up B. taken up C. made up D. set up break【短语搭配】break down 损坏、坏掉break into 破门而入、非法进入 break off 突然终止、中断break out (战争、火灾等)爆发、突 然发生 【考】7 He ____ in the middle of his story and hurried home.A. broke down B.broke intoC. broke off D broke out run【短语搭配】run after 追逐、追求 run away 逃跑、跑掉 run into 遇到、撞上 run off 跑掉、迅速离开run out of 用完、用尽 【考题回放】( )8. We ____ coal and had to burn wood.A. ran out of B. ran awayC. ran off D. ran into fall【短语搭配】fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后fall down 跌倒、垮下来 fall in love with 爱上 fall into 落入、陷 入 fall to pieces 崩溃、解体fall into the habit of 养成„„习惯 【考题回放】( )9. Alone in London, without friends, work, or money, Shelly ____ great difficulty.A. put into B. fell into C. turned into D. broke into 如何巧记英语固定短语 如何开发形象思维，加强逻辑思维，使学习英语变得有趣而且避免死记硬背，下面以固定短语为例做以探讨: look for,look after,look into,不能就死记硬背成“寻找”“照看”“研究”。其实，look实意做“看”讲，for作“为了”“追求”讲，如:look after a child正是“站在后面照看一个小孩”的一幅生动的画面。一般只有紧跟在后面，才能保证小孩不出意外。look 和into表示“往„„里面看”，正是“研究”“调查”的形象化表示。又如 look up to sb.指的是抬头仰望某人，这正是“仰望某人”。look down on sb.呈现出“眼睛往下瞧某人”的情景，于是不难理解“瞧不起某人”的含义。look sb.up and down正是“对某人从上看到下”的表象呈现，理解为“对某人上下打量”十分贴切。look forword to„形象化的理解为“伸长脖子往前看„„”这不正是“盼望„„”的表象吗,look over a book表示一页一页地翻看书;而若后面接a house 或 food ，那就变为“查看房子”和“检查食物”。loook throuth the book 不难想象为“从头到尾翻一下这本 书”即“将书翻阅一遍”。 据粗略估计，英语固定词组中约有三分之二以上是可以通过形象思维或逻辑思维来记忆的。 前面仅以 look为例，结合上述各种介词或副词，能呈现出那么多的生动图象，如果再横向联想，还可带出更多形象化的图画。现以look at a picture 中的 at 为例，at 表示在某一点或某一处的含义。以此为例就可以推广到类似的词peer(凝视)stare(盯着),lance(一瞥，扫视)等，并且也不难理解这些词也可在后面搭配。这种举一反三的功能。at只有在表象记忆或表象联想时才能达到。将at这种含义进一步向纵深广泛推广，就会领悟到at eight o'clock(在八点钟)，at that time(在那时)，等中使用at的道理。同时也会体会到arrive(到达)后面接小地方时要用at的原因。这样以来就可以避免死记硬背，而用形象思维的方法较容易的记住下列固定短语:shoot at„(向„„射击)aim at„(瞄准„„)， fire a gun at„(向„„开炮)，laught at(嘲笑)， guess at„(猜出„„)等等。同理，如果用形象化的学习 be good at „(擅长„„)be bad(或quick，slow，expert ，clever等后接 at也可表示“在某一点上”„„)的用法。凭借语感，运用到be angry at„ (对„„生气)，be surprised (或atastonished ,amazed )at„(对„„惊异)，等等。 再以前面look for „中的for为例，这里for„作“为了某目的”讲，通过表象联想可联系到 speak for sb.(为某人辩解)，go for a walk (去散步)，vote for sb.(投某人赞成票)，stand for „(代表„„)，search for„(探索„„)等等。不少学生对 call for„作为“需要”讲基本上是死记硬背的，如果放到句中,is mother is calling for some table salt ((他妈妈正喊着要一点食盐)call for 作需要讲就容易记多了(for引出追求目的物 ，还可以和一些名词或形容词构成固定搭配(例如:have respect for(尊敬某人)， feel sympathy for(同情某人)， have an inclination for „(对„„有爱好)，be anxious for„(渴望得到„„)，have a desire for„(想得到„„)等。for的另一个意思表原因，以thank sb. for help(感谢某人帮助)为例，横向联想同义短语be grateful to sb. for help,再联想turn sb.for help(向某人求援)excuse sb. for„(原谅某人„„)appologize to sb.for„(由于„„而向某人道歉)forgive sb.for„(宽恕某人„„)criticie(或praise)sb.for„(因„„而批评,表扬,某人),punish„(或blame)sb. for„(由于„„而惩罚,或责难,某人)be famous(或famed,noted,distinguished)for„(以„„著称)be well—known for(由 于„„而出名),have a reputation for„(以„„而著称)等。 不管在教学中还是在学习中，要尽量开发右脑的想象力，主动进行横向联系。下面对of进行分析:当你学到complain of„(对„„抱怨)时，就可主动联系speak of „(讲到„„),talk ( hear, think,read„) of„(谈到，听到，想出，读到„„)等。同时，上述短语中的of 接近于about,并可以用其代替。当见到inform sb. of„(通知某人„„)时，横向联系remind sb.of „(使人想起„„),warn sb. of „(警告某人„„) 等。 下面讨论一下常见的名词后要求用to的一些习惯用法。例如:a visit to Beijing(访问北京)，an appeal to sb.( 向某人呼吁)。这里的 to含有“去向”和“对于”之意，但在下列短语中，to 却含有:“所属关系”的意味，例:the key to this lock(这把锁的钥匙)等。to后面接上名词的习惯用法，例如 to表示“到„„程度”，可以引出:to some extent ( 或to a degree)(在某种程度上)，to death(到死亡的程度)，to one's heart's content( 尽情的)。此外，还可以把具有相同含义的 to引出的插入语进行归纳:to one's knowledge(据某人所知),to one's surprise(使某人感到惊 讶)等。 如果在本情况下同时联想一下由 in ( 具有“按照”含义)引出的插入语，例如: in one's opinion (按照某人的意见)，in a sense(按某种意义来说)， in terms of(按„„来算，按„„来说)， in particular(特别是)等。再纵深推理，可以推广到表示方式方法的一些状语，例如:in large qualities(大量的),in pairs(成对地)等。用于表示内心活动的带in固定短语有:in fun(开玩笑地)， in anger(生气的)， in sorrow(伤心地)等。同理，在学习in haste(急速地)时能联想到in a hurry(匆忙地)，甚至能套用到in a rush (急急忙忙地)„„，这不仅是温 故而知新，还可表示表象已达到可喜程度。 这种“连锁反应”对于学习固定词组尤为重要。它不仅使你分类记忆，还使你对没见过的固定词组含义作出正确判断。久而久之，扎实的 语感油然而生。这种思维方法一旦形成，你不仅灵活的掌握大量词组，而且将它们应用到英语写作中，那你的文章也会更加精彩。