unit 4 自主学习内容

Lead-inquestions1.Whoareheroesinyourmind?(namethreeofthem)2.Howdoyoudefineahero?Aheroisapersonwho……3.Whatdoyouthinkweshoulddotohonorheroes?Culturalbackground1.NelsonMandela1.WhoisNelsonMandela?Whywasheputintoprison?Whydopeopleregardhimasahero?2.Greg’slawWhatisGreg’sLawabout.Whyisitnamedafteraperson?Trytofigureouttheauthor’smeaningbycompletingthefollowingparagraph.TextAisanessayontheauthor’sviewabout（）Adistinctionisdrawnbetween(),whoactinstinctivelywithcourageandgracewhencaughtupinextraordinarycircumstances,and(),whosejobistorushtowardsdanger.Itispointedoutthatinthepastthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofdutyorforthelarger-than-lifeleaders,whiletodayheroescanbe()peoplelikeus.Besides,()Whosedutyistorushtowardsdanger,arealsoheroes,evenwhentheireffortsfailedtobringaboutdesirableeffects.Theyareheroesbecauseoftheirdistinctcourage.Hopefully,wewillalsoactheroicallywhencircumstancescallonus.UnderstandingofthetextTextAisanessayontheauthor’sviewaboutwhatmakesahero.Adistinctionisdrawnbetweencivilianheroes,whoactinstinctivelywithcourageandgracewhencaughtupinextraordinarycircumstances,andfirstresponders,whosejobistorushtowardsdanger.Itispointedoutthatinthepastthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofdutyorforthelarger-than-lifeleaders,whiletodayheroescanbeordinarypeoplelikeus.Besides,firstresponderswhosedutyistorushtowardsdanger,arealsoheroes,evenwhentheireffortsfailedtobringaboutdesirableeffects.Theyareheroesbecauseoftheirdistinctcourage.Hopefully,wewillalsoactheroicallywhencircumstancescallonus.Theauthoradoptsaquestion-example-conclusionpattern.Aquestionisputforwardfirst,andthenoneormoreexamplesareusedtoillustratetheviewpoints.Finallybasedontheexample(s),aconclusionisdrawn,servingastheanswertothequestionatthebeginning.StructureanalysisConclusionReadparagraphs9to12oftextAandanalyzethepatternofquestion-example-conclusion.Question:Example(s):conclusion:Canyoumatchthemainideawitheachpart?Part1(para1)Part2(para2-4)Part3(para5-12)Part4(para13)A.providesaconclusionforthewholetext.B.providestwoexamplesofheroicdeeds.C.dealswithfirst-responderheroes.D.makesathesisstatementaboutheroestoday.Part1(para1)Part2(para2-4)Part3(para5-12)Part4(para13)D.makesathesisstatementaboutheroestoday.B.providestwoexamplesofheroicdeeds.C.dealswithfirst-responderheroes.A.providesaconclusionforthewholetext.Questionsforparagraph1Whatthesisstatementdoestheauthormakeaboutheroestoday?Whatquestiondoestheauthorraiseafterwards?Whatdoes“era”mean?ExplainitinEnglish.(L1)Doyouknowanyotherwordswiththesamemeaning?TimesepochageQuestionsforparagraph1PleasetranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Somesaythecomputerhasusheredinanewera.有人说电脑引入了一个新时代。4.Doyouthinkyouaresurvivorsorvictimsofnationalcollegeentranceexam?Why?5.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Inaeraofheightenedheroism,thewordherohasbecomemorecommon.在一个英雄主义发扬光大的时代，“英雄”一词已经变得更加常见。Questionsforparagraph2WhywasDanielHernandezregardedasahero?Canyouexplainthereasoninyourownwords?Questionsforparagraph22.Whatdoes“mass”mean?(L1)Weaponsofmassdestruction大规模杀伤性武器Massmedia大众传媒TwomoreexamplesQuestionsforparagraph23.Canyoutranslatethefollowingsentencebyusing“subsequent”?在地震发生的第二天,他去了伦敦。OnthedaysubsequenttotheearthquakehewenttoLondon.5.Whatdoes“leftherside”mean?(L7)4.Whatdoes“appliedpressure”mean?(L5)Questionsforparagraph3Whatdidthepriestmeanwhenhesaid“Dorydidn’tdieahero;helivedahero.”2.Dorygavehislifeforhiswife,Mavy.Canyouuseanotherwordtoreplace“gave”inthissentence?sacrificeDorrybecameaheronotjustbecausehediedinabraveway,hewasaheroallthroughhislife.Questionsforparagraph33.……shieldherfromthehailofbullets.(L3)Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean?protect/save4.Whatwouldyoudotoshieldyoureyesfromthesuninhotsummerdays?Questionsforparagraph4Whatconclusiondoestheauthordrawfromthetwoexamples?2.Aretherecivilianheroesinyourlife?Nameafewofthem.3.PleasetranslatethefollowingsentenceintoEnglish.一个具有崇高精神的平民在特殊情况下也会成为英雄。Questionsforparagraph51.Whatdoes“fallen”meaninthisparagraph?(L1)2.Towhomdofirstrespondersrefer?Canyounameafewofthem?Questionsforparagraph61.Pleasetranslatethefollowingtwosentences.(1).Mycommitmenttostudyhasmademethemostsuccessfulpersoninmysmalltown.在学习上的投入使我成为我们小镇最成功的人。(2)Wemadeacommitmenttokeepworkingtogether.我们作了承诺要继续在一起工作。Questionsforparagraph71.Howdidpeopledefineaherointhepast?2.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChineseandpayattentiontotheunderlinedpart.Itusedtobethatthewordherowasreservedforthosewhoperformedactsofdistinctcouragebeyondthecallofduty.在过去，“英雄”一词仅限于称呼那些做出超乎职责范围的特别英勇的行为的人们。3.Chooseaproperwordtocompleteeachsentence.A.personalB.personalityC.personnel1).Aretheresufficient_________onboardandashoretodealwithanemergency?2).Althoughheisverymodest,weallhaveahighopinionofhis________andabilities.3).Thisisa________matter;IseenoneedtodiscussitwithabunchofreportersKey:1)C2)B3)A4.Doyouknowanyotherlarger-than-lifeleadersintheworld?5.TranslatethefollowingsentenceintoChinese.Soarelarger-than-lifeleaderssuchasNelsonMandela,whoemergedafter27yearsofjail,confinedinasolitarychamber.6.Whatdoes“reconcile”mean?(L6)Questionsforparagraph8Howdoestoday’snotionofherodifferfromthatinthepast?Whatdoes“relate”mean?(L2)Questionsforparagraph91.WhatquestiondoespeopleraisewhentheytrytomakesenseofatragedylikeSgt.Russell’s?Trytoansweritinyourownwords.Questionsforparagraph102.Whatdoes“late”mean?(L2)1.AccordingtoGreg’slaw,whatarepolicemenentitledtodoiftheycatchadrunkdriverontheroad?Questionsforparagraph11WhydidEleanorMcMahonconsidermanypoliceofficersheroes?Trytoansweritinyourownwords.Questionsforparagraph121.Canyoureplacecountonwithanotherphrasewiththesamemeaning?(L1)dependon2.Whatdoes“involve”mean?(L1)Questionsforparagraph131.Howdowehonorheroesaccordingtothetext?Inmyview,aheroissomeonewho:•isbraveorevenriskstheirlifeinfaceofdanger;•savesothersintrouble;•showsgreatcouragewhenothershesitateorfear;•sacrificesthemselvesforothers.Tohonorheroes,wecan:•spreadtheirnamesandstoriesinlegends,stories,media,songs,movies,etc.;•putupmonumentsforcommemoration;•namedifferentplacesafterheroes;•setupaspecialdaytorememberthem;•takegoodcareofthemandtheirfamilies;•givethemspecialhonors;and•callonsocietytolearnfromthem.heighten:makemoreextreme;raiseinquantity,degree,orintensity；提高；增强synonym:enhance,raiseSmokingmayheightentheriskofcancer.吸烟会增加患癌的风险。subsequent:a(fml)happeningorcomingaftersthelse;后来的，随后的Uasage: 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示先后次序时，常用的形容词有next,following,last,subsequent,previous,preceding,这些形容词通常置于被修饰的名词之前，例如：thenextmorning,thefollowingclass,thelastweek,thesubsequentevent,thepreviousmeeting,theprecedingpage.Subsequentto(在..之后)和previousto（在…之前）做定语时，通常置于被修饰的名词之后。例如：Onthenightprevioustotherobbery,hehadbeenseenwanderingoutsidethehugebuilding.Onthedaysubsequenttohisvisit,shedisappeared.apply:usephysicalforceinordertomakesth.happenorwork(用力压；用力启动).applypressureto/onsth:putforceorweightto/onsth.figuratively,itmeans:persuadesb.byusinginfluence,arguments,orthreatsItisimportanttoapplypressureto/ontheinjectionsiteforfiveminutesafteraninjection.Thebossisapplyingpressureto/onmetofinishtheprojectinfivedays.Itusedtobethat用于表示过去的某一习惯或情况如今已不存在，与目前习惯或情况有所不同。Itusedtobethathewenttothebeachonvacation,butafteraheartattack,hehastostayathome.compare:personnel,personality,personal1)personnel只有单数形式，但表达的是复数概念。personnel作主语时，其谓语动词一般要用复数2)personality:n.[C,U]个性；名人3)personal:a.个人的；亲自的；针对个人的larger-than-life:a.1)ofheroicorepicdimensions高于生活的；史诗般的；传奇的Tothechildren,thestarathletewhospokeattheschoolassemblywasalarger-than-lifehero.2)sb.whoislarger-than-lifehasaverystrongorlivelypersonalitythatimpressespeopleverymuch（人）很有个性的，个性鲜明的Mr.Brownisalarger-than-lifeperson,amanoftheutmostsincerity.3)muchlargerthannormalandveryimpressive夸大的；有夸张效果的Hewasimmediatelyattractedbythelargerthan-lifeposterinfrontoftheshop.Reconcile1)vt.findawaytomakeideas,beliefs,needs,etc.thatareopposedordisagreeingwitheachotherItispossibletoreconciletheseopposingperspectives.2)Ifyou arereconciled with someone,youbecomefriendlywiththemagainafteraquarrelordisagreement.（使）和解；（使）恢复友好关系Theywerereconciledafteraquarrel.Collocation:reconcilesth.withsth.；reconciledtoHowdoyoureconcileyourprincipleswithyourbehavior?你如何把你的准则和行为统一起来？Theyarenowquitereconciledtolivinginthenorth.他们现在对北方的生活已十分适应。involveoneselfinsth:takepartactivelyinaparticularactivityInvolveyourselfinthosethingsthatinterestyouandenjoylearningabouttheworld.