2019年高中英语语法——被动语态(43张PPT)语文

被动语态的用法Theman_________(call)“Goodhusband”.iscalledThepetdog________________(treat)byveterinary.isbeingtreatedAfrog__________(catch)byabigbirdjustnow.wascaughtI______________(move)bythebraveastronautsFeiJunlongandLieHaishen.havebeenmovedam/is/are一般现在时am/is/are+being现在进行时shall/will+be一般将来时have/has+been现在完成时+done+donewas/were一般过去时was/were+being过去进行时would+be过去将来时had+been过去完成时Whendoweusethepassivevoice?Manyhouseswillbebuilthere.1.不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者。Thesong“TheEastisRed”waswrittenbyapoorpeasant.2.强调动作的承受者。TheplanwassupportedbythosewhowishedtohavemorechancestospeakEnglish.3.动作的执行者有较长的修饰语。Youarerequestedtoattendthemeeting.4.出于礼貌，不愿意说出动作的执行者。Changethefollowingsentencesintothepassivevoice:1.Allofuslikeher.2.Wearediscussingthequestion.3.Wehaveputoffthemeeting.4.Iwilldevelopmypicturenextweek.Sheislikedbyallofus.Thequestionisbeingdiscussed.Themeetinghasbeenputoff.Mypicturewillbedevelopednextweek.3DMovieshockWearspecialglassesLastweek,Isawa3Dmovie.Apairofspecialglasses________onmyfaces.waswornOilspill　OilfromtheGulfofMexicospillhasspreadfurtherintotheMississippi.Environmentalistshavefearedthatthemarshland(沼泽地）____　_________(hit)sincetheexplosionintheGulf.Uptonow,11workers_________(kill）andsomewildlivesandfishingindustries____________(destroy)bytheoil.WouldbehithavebeendestroyedhavebeenkilledrocketssolarenergysubwayanewkindofricescientificachievementNo.5Subway___________________inBeijing.(complete)hasbeencompleted(theeffectsonourpresentlife)TheLongMarchrocketshavebeenusedtosendsatellitesintospace.(beusedtosend)（invent）Anewkindofricehasbeeninventedtoallowfarmertoincreaseproduction.Yuanlongpinghasinventedanewkindofricetoallowfarmertoincreaseproduction.Solarenergyhasbeenwildlyusedinourdailylife.(use)Fillintheblankswiththerightformofthewordsgiven:I___________(give)anewbookbymyfatheronmybirthday.English___________(find)veryuseful.3.Thework______________(finish)tomorrow.4.Theflowers______________(water)bythemnow.wasgivenisfoundwillbefinishedarebeingwateredTherailway________________(build)thistimelastyear.Thenewway_______already_________(build).Thenewrailway___________(build)bytheendoflastyear.Hetoldmethesportsmeeting____________(hold)thenextmonth.Rice___________(grow)inthesouthoftheStates.wasbeingbuilthasbeenbuilthadbeenbuiltwouldbeheldisgrownReport1AcaraccidentonApril5knockdowngivenow,treatfind,soonOnApril5,Xiaohua____________________byacar.Luckily,he___________firstaidbyastrangeman.Nowhe_________inthehospital.Heisverygratefulfortheman.Hehopes_________________________________________________________________soon.wasknockeddownistreatedwasgiventhatthemanwhohelpedhimwillbefound/hecanfindthekindmanReport1:其它常见的被动语态句型：makeoneselfdone,beseated,Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat…Itishopedthat…Itiswell-knownthat…Itisthoughtthat…据说据报道大家希望众所周知大家认为例如：请让别人听见你说话。Pleasemakeyourselfheard.---Whyisthepoorboypunished?---Heissaid______thevaluableexhibit,butIdon’tthinkso.A.tobreakB.breakingC.brokenD.tohavebrokenDII.没有被动语态的动词和动词词组1.Vi不及物动词appear,disappear,happen,occur,takeplace,comeabout,breakout,fail,fall跌倒,last持续,cometrue=berealised,etc.例如：会议持续了三个小时。Themeetinglastedthreehours.在过去的几年里，泗洪发生了巨大变化。GreatchangeshavetakenplaceinSihonginthepastfewyears.2.系动词be,/appear,seem显得，似乎/feel,look,sound,smell,taste/become,turn,get,grow,fall,go,run,come变得/keep,remain,stay,stand保持，仍然例如：他似乎很健康。Heappearedquitewell.树到了秋天会变黄。Treesturnyellowinautumn.3.某些有特定意义的Vt:Fit合身，适合,have有，hold容纳，own拥有，据有，cost花费，marry,etc.例如：她去年嫁给她丈夫的。Shewasmarriedbyherhusbandlastyear.×__to这个厅可以容纳1000人。Thehallcanhold1000people.(1000peoplecanbeheldbythehall.)×(比较：第二十九届奥运会正在北京举行。)(The29th.OlympicgamesarebeingheldinBj.)4.某些Vt词组:takepartin,consistof=bemadeupof,belongto,succeedin,sufferfrom,agreewith同意；与…相称；(天气、口味等)与某人相符这个故事与所听到的是一致的。Thestoryagreeswithwhathasbeenheard.Thismagazineissoldwellhere.[正]Thismagazinesellswellhere.[析]有些动词，如：burn,clean,cook,count,cut,keep,look,open,read,sell,smoke,wash,wear,write等，其主动形式在一些具体场合表示被动意义。这类句子的特点是：主语往往是"物"而不是"人"。另外，后面往往带有well这一类副词，或者修饰主语的形容词.III.用主动语态表被动意义的动词和动词词组1.某些Vt及物动词(主语通常是“物”)break,burn,cut,drive,eat,play,prove,smell,write,read,wash,etc.(表主语的属性时，常用Itcan’t/won’t…结构)(1)这种材料很耐洗。Thematerialwasheswell.(2)他在会议上所说的被 证明 住所证明下载场所使用证明下载诊断证明下载住所证明下载爱问住所证明下载爱问 是真的。Whathehadsaidatthemeetingprovedtrue.(3)门打不开。Thedoorwon’topen.(4)引擎发动不了。Theenginewon’tstart.(5)这种书很畅销，很快就卖完了100本。Thiskindofbookssellswell,and100bookshavebeensoldoutsoon.比较下面两个句子：Thecompositiondoesn’twritewell.Thecompositionisn’twrittenwell.这篇文章不好写。（意指作文难写）这篇文章写得不好。（意指没把作文写好，不强调文章本身是否难写）3.beworthdoing(beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone)(Itisworthwhiletodo/doing)这本书很值得一读。Thebookiswellworthreading.Thebookiswellworthyofbeingread.Thebookiswellworthytoberead.Itiswellworthwhiletoreadthebook.Itiswellworthwhilereadingthebook.4.sth.+be+adj.+todoEasy,difficult,hard,heavy,fit,important,comfortable,good,necessary,nice,readytobedone×(1)这个问题很容易回答。Thequestioniseasytoanswer.(2)这水不适合喝。Thewaterisnotfittodrink.5.Something,anything,nothing,everything+todotobedone×(1)这件事你还有别的话要说吗？Doyouhaveanythingelsetosayaboutit?(2)没有别的事做，所以他就回家了。Therewasnothingelsetodo,sohewenthome.IV.其它要注意的：1.makesbdoP/Vsb.bemadetodo他被迫一个人扫教室。Hewasmadetocleantheclassroomalone.2.see,watch,hearsb.dosth.P/Vsb.beseen,watched,heardtodo有人看见那个男孩从树上掉下来。Theboywasseentofalloffthetree.但是，therebe句型中的不定式定语，在没有其明显的逻辑主语时，则用主动、被动均可。(1)没有时间浪费。Thereisnotimetolose/tobelost.(2)我们没有时间浪费。Thereisnotimeforustolose.tobelost×Themuseumwasenteredbythechildrenonebyone.[正]Thechildrenenteredthemuseumonebyone.[析]某些及物动词，如leave,enter,reach,join等后接表示地点、处所、组织名称的名词作宾语时，不能转换为被动语态。Himselfwasintroducedtousatthemeetingbyhim.[正]Heintroducedhimselftousatthemeeting.[析]反身代词作宾语时，不能转换成被动语态。1.Becareful!Don’tgettheorangejuiceonyourshirt,forit_______.A.isn’twashedoutB.won’tbewashedoutC.won’twashoutD.isn’twashingout2.Theyoungladywasheard____inthenextroomat10.A.singingB.tobesingingC.singD.tosingCA3.Thewetweatherwillcontinuetomorrow,whenacoldfront_____toarrive.A.isexpectedB.isexpectingC.expectsD.willbeexpected4.TheBBCnewsisusuallynotdifficultto______,butitisoftentoohardto____.A.pickup;understoodB.pickup;understandC.bepicked;understandD.bepicked;beunderstoodAB