2017年4月高等教育自学考试高级英语真题

大学生自考教育中心2017年4月高等教育自学考试高级英语真 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 I、Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions.ChoosetherightonetocompletethesentenceandblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(15points,1pointforeach)1、SuchaproposalwouldnevergetthroughParliament.A、popularB、detailedC、reasonableD、radical2、Hehimselffromhospitalagainsttheadviceofdoctors.A、removedB、separatedC、dischargedD、liberated3、Nooneknowswhetherachild’stowardsfatnessisinheritedorduetothefoodheeats.A、tendencyB、possibilityC、progressD、movement4、ThefalloftheBerlinWalltheendoftheColdWarbetweenEastandWest.A、showedB、explainedC、symbolizedD、announced5、Ifchildrenweremadetofeeltootherchildrentheirconfidencedeclined.A、closeB、inferiorC、relatedD、indifferent6、Thefrequentpolicychangesinthecompanyhavecreatedgrowingamongemployees.A、distractionB、distrustC、distinctionD、disposal7、Howcanyouyourfurcoatandyourloveofanimals?大学生自考教育中心A、reconcileB、compareC、comprehendD、recognize8、WhenIwasyoungandIbelieveditwaspossibletochangetheworld.A、realisticB、indulgentC、idealisticD、intelligent9、Ifthegoodsprove,thecustomerhastherighttocompensation.A、defectiveB、indulgentC、idealisticD、intelligent10、Thegovernmentwasaccusedofmilitaryoperationsagainsttheregime.A、efficientB、enoughC、successfulD、covert11、Janesawamassofbodiesroundonthedancefloor.A、runningB、shakingC、jumpingD、whirling12、Thisartificialfabrichastheofsilk.A、statureB、textureC、signatureD、mixture13、Davidstillsufferedtheofhavingbeenrejectedforthearmy.A、evidenceB、experienceC、stigmaD、record14、Mary’sfatheriswhetherornottoacceptthenewjobthathe’sbeenoffered.A、meditatingB、expectingC、challengingD、deliberating15、Theyaroundinthedark,tryingtofindtheirwayoutofthecinema.大学生自考教育中心A、fumbledB、touredC、sniffedD、turnedReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesuccssdingthreeitems,II,III,IV.(1)It’seasytokeepyouragingbrainasnimbleasitwasincollege.Logontoawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps,andwithin20minutesyou’llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslowtheinexorabledeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat’swhatthecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?(2)Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby,expertssay,whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness,likehavingagoodmemoryorsoundreasoning.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelieveyoucoulddosomethinglikethisandmakeyourbrainbetter,makeyourmindbetter,”saysRandallW.Engle,aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttentionandWorkingMemoryLabattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology.“There’sjustnosolidevidence.”(3)That’snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefit.Expertssaythesekindsofmentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain—justnotinawaythatnecessarilyslowsitsaging.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo,includingmentaltrainingexercises.But大学生自考教育中心numerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingamelackwhatresearcherscall“transfer.”Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachersyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarilymuchelse.(4)“It’slike,youwalkthroughfreshsnow,youleaveatrace.Ifyouwalkthesamerouteagain,thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper,”saysUrsulaStaudinger,directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.“Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatingeneralthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableofdoingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.”(5)Brain-gamedesigners,notsurprisingly,disagree.MichaelScanlon,chiefscientificofficeratLumosity,alargebrain-gamecompany,referstoa2007studyheledassupportforhiscompany’sgettingintothebrain-gamebusinessinthefirstplace.“Ourbasicintentionwastoreleaseaproducethathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,”hesays.Scanlonsaystheresearch,whichLumosityfundedandconducted,foundthatonline-basedbraintrainingcanimprovethinking.Thesmallstudyof23peopleisoneofseveralstudiesLumosityhasperformed,thoughmosthavenotbeenpeer-reviewed.(6)Asthebrain-gameindustryhasgrown-revenuetopped$1billion大学生自考教育中心in2012andisprojecttohit$6billionby2020,accordingtoareportfromneurosciencemarket-researchfirmSharpBrains-sohasthecriticism.Morethan70prominentbrainscientistsandpsychologistssignedawitheringstatementonthesubjectlastyear.Theopenletter,organizedbytheStanfordCenteronLongevityandcoveredbymediaoutletsacrosstheworld,arguedthatclaimsonbehalfofbraingamesaboutimprovedcognitionwere“frequentlyexaggeratedandattimesmisleading.”Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathatthegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’satoughlist.(7)Still,Staudingerallowsthatbraingamesdohavethebenefitofbeingfun—whichmaymakethemaworthwhilewayforpeopleofanyagetospendtime.There’snoquestionthatmanyconsumershavebecomedevotedtothem.Lumosity,whichofferssomegamesfreeandapremiummembershipatacost,saysitreached50millionmembersin2013.(8)Theissuemostscientistshavewithpeopleplayingthegamesfrequentlyistheopportunitycost:youcouldbedoingsomethingelsethatactuallywouldimproveyourcognitiveability.Mostresearchersagreethattheactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise.Otherfactorsthatsoundscientificresearchhasshowntohelpanagingbrainincludehealthydietary大学生自考教育中心choices,regularmeditationandlearningnewthings.(9)Asbraingamesevolveandnew,impartialresearchconducted,it’spossiblethatthescientificconsensusabouttheirimpactonthebrainwillchange.ButEngledoesn’tthinkit’slikely.“Ineedfairlysubstantialevidencethatit’snotkindofagimmick,”hesays.“I’mascientist.”II、Inthissection,therearetenincompletestatementsorquestions,followedbyfourchoicesmarkedA,B,C,D.ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.(20points,2pointsforeach)16、Whenmightbethereasonforsomepeopletochoosebraingames?A、Itiseasiertoobtainthegamesthaneverbefore.B、Thequalityofthegamesisrecognizedworldwide.C、Thedevelopmentofthegameindustryhasbeensuccessful.D、Theyaremadetobelievetheagingpreventioneffectsofthegames.17、Theworld“inexorable”inParagraph1means.A、inevitableB、incidentalC、inconvenientD、inadequate18、WhichofthefollowingisthemainideaofParagraph2?A、Peoplearenaïveabouttheeffectsofbraingames.大学生自考教育中心B、Itispeople’sgreatestconcerntokeepfitmentally.C、Peoplearemisledaboutthepowerofbraingames.D、Itisdifficulttoprovethepositiveeffectsofbraingames.19、WecanlearnfromParagraph3that.A、braingamedonotfunctionwellinmentaltraining.B、itisunreasonabletoignorethebenefitsofbraingames.C、thebenefitsofbraingamesmightnotbethesameasbelievedD、moreauthoritativestudiesonbraingameswillbeconducted20、Theword“exaggerated”inParagraph6means.A、evaluatedconstantlyandpositivelyB、madetoseembetterthanitreallyisC、advertisedcontinuouslytomakeprofitsD、falselydescribedinordertodeceivepeople21、FromStaudinger’spointofviewinParagraph7,braingamesare.A、entertainingB、encouragingC、challengingD、exciting22、Toimproveone’scognitiveability,scientistssuggestinParagraph8that.A、thewaysfrequentlychosenarethebestB、newwaysshouldbefoundquicklyC、anywayisgoodasfarasitissafeD、variouswaysshouldbetried大学生自考教育中心23、Theword“consensus”inParagraph9means.A、awidelycriticizedconclusionB、agenerallyacceptedopinionC、aremarkablediscoveryD、asatisfactoryresult24、Theword“consensus”inParagraph9means.A、mustremainimpartialallthetimeB、oughttobeselflessintheworldtodayC、canbeconvincedbynothingbutevidenceD、shouldbeopen-mindedaboutnewthings25、Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthispassage?A、BrainAgingCanBeAvoidedNow.B、HowtoDealwiththeAgingBrain?C、BrainGames——BrainAgingKillers.D、CanBrainGamesKeepMyMindYoung?III、TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet.(10points,2pointsforeach)26、Inotherwords,repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutnotnecessarilymuchelse.27、Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccur[inthebrain]doesnotimplythatingeneralthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableofdoingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.大学生自考教育中心28、”Ourbasicintensionwastoreleaseaproductthathelpspeopleimprovecognitiveabilities,”hesays.29、Thescientistsalsolaidoutcriteriathatthegameswouldhavetomeettoconvincethemoftheirmerit.It’stoughlist.30、Mostresearchersagreethattheactivitymostclearlyproventoslowaginginthebrainisaerobicexercise.IV、AnswerthefollowingessayquestioninEnglishwithin80-100words.WriteyouranswerSheet.(10points)31、Whatcanwebenefitfrombraingames?V、Thefollowingparagraphsaretakenfromthetextbooks,followedbyalistofwordsorexpressionsmarkedAtoY.ChoosetheonethatbestcompleteseachofthesentencesandwrotethecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.Onewordorexpressionforeachblankonly.(25points,1pointforeach)Notamove.Evenherexpressionhadn’tchanged.Herbreaths,however,werecomingfasterandfaster.Thenthe32began.Ihadtodoit.Ihadtohavea33cultureforherownprotection.ButfirstItoldthe34thatitwasentirelyuptothem.I35thedangerbutsaidthatIwouldnotinsistonathroat36solongastheywouldtaketheresponsibility.大学生自考教育中心Onlytwopeoplesharedher“special”seat:afineoldmaninavelvetcoat,hishandsclaspedoverahugecarvedwalking-stick,andabigoldwoman,sittingupright,withina37ofknittingonherembroideredapron.Theydidnotspeak.Thiswas38,forMissBrillalwayslooked39totheconversation.Shehadbecomereallyquite40,shethought,atlisteningasthoughshedidn’t41,atsittinginotherpeople’slivesjustforaminutewhiletheytalkedroundher.Accordingly,Iwasconsideredoneofthe42ones.Myscholarshiptocollegewasaticket.Peopledidnotexpectmeto43.Understandingthis,Icanunderstandthe44inthemindsofthoseinWattswhenIwashomelastsummer,workinginthe45povertyprogram.RumorsspreadquicklythatIwasaFBI46.IwassuspectbecauseIwasnotsupposedtoreturn.Whenwhitemenfirsteffectcontactwithsomeunspoiltraceofsavages,theyofferthem47kindsofbenefits,fromthelightoftheGospelto48pie.These,however,muchaswemayregretit,mostsavages49withindifference.Whattheyreallyvalueamongthegiftsthatwebringtothemisintoxicatingliquor,whichenablesthem,forthefirst50intheirlives,tohavetheillusion,forafewbriefmoments,thatitisbettertobe51thandead.Attheflowermarketshewalkedupanddowninfrontofthestalls,andsawmoreclearlybecauseofherdecision,soshethought.She大学生自考教育中心lookedattheflowers.Shelookedatthepeople.Therewasa52atthefartheststand.Thewoman’sfacewas53.Butherhandswerebeautiful.Shewas54ababy.Marianwanted55grandflowers,onlythesoftandtouchable.Sheboughtabigwheelof56carnations,andsomelittlegentle-petalledprimroseswithshinydarkgreenleaves.A、luckyB、receiveC、sadD、pumpkinE、forwardF、explainedG、disappointingH、agentI、aliveJ、timeK、familyL、allM、nursingN、noO、returnP、localQ、listenR、throatS、parentsT、expertU、puzzlementV、examinationW、redX、battleY、rollVI、TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglishandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet.(20points,2pointseachfor57-60,4pointsfor61,8pointsfor62)57、很简单，电视节目制作要迎合观众的注意力跨度短这一特点。58、他迈着小而急促的步子从每个人身边走过，把那张纸条给每个人看，就像拍卖会上的一名服务员。59、我得承认，我总是对那些自吹一上床就能睡着的人感到怀疑。60、我无法确切地说出我的哪些动机最强烈，但我知道哪些值得遵从。61、美国人发现，在他们以及亲友被抛入老年行列之前，很难想象年老是什么样子。衰老是人类生命周期中无人照看的非亲生儿。62、我并不是说美国人要袖手旁观，等待一个充满怀疑与绝望的短暂阶段自行消失。在此时此地生活着的美国人有权利获得生活大学生自考教育中心质量的提高，而他们自己也必须为此付出努力。男女老少晚上不敢上街，他们有时害怕警察就像害怕罪犯，这二者有时看来就像他们彼此在镜中的影像，这些都不正常。