公共政策分析教程·试题解答

公共政策分析教程·试题解答 7、以下属于全面质量管理(TQM)核心业务的选公共政策分析教程 项是:B:不断进行员工工作流程分析 8、关于听证会开始于哪个国家的说法，以下正确单项选择题: 的选项是:A:英国 第一单元 9、以下不属于影响政策工具因素的选项是:C:社1、被人们当作政策分析学科诞生的标志性著作会团体 是:B.拉纳和托克维尔的《政策科学:范围和方法10、以下不发球政策工具选择策略的选项是:D:的最新发展》 以政策执行者的偏好为标准 2、20世纪60年代以后，对政策分析学科起到方 法论解放作用的学者是:C、库恩 第三单元 3、在政府与资源配置的关系上，亚当。斯密的基1、把政策问题觉察机制形象地称为“扳机触发器”本态度是:B:不主张政府介入资源配置过程 的学者是:C:安德森 4、政府干预主要针对以下哪种市场失灵:A、市2、形成政策议程的基本条件是:C:代议制 场固有失灵。 3、以下不属于方案规划环节的选项是:D:听证5、政府失灵的最一般表现是:D:政府干预经济票决 的结果不能实现预期的社会公共目标 4、以下不属于政策目标 规范 编程规范下载gsp规范下载钢格栅规范下载警徽规范下载建设厅规范下载 性要求的选项是:A:6、政策在一定程度上体现统治阶级的意志，这属政策目标要体现决策集团的利益 于政策特征的:C:政治性 5、政策方案抉择要依据有关标准，以下不属于这7、把政策分析界定为“以制定政策规划和政策备些标准的选项是:C:实现政策目标的风险属于中选方案为焦点，运用新的方法对未来趋势进行分析度水平 的学问”的学者是:B拉斯韦尔 6、把合法化严格限定在政治秩序被认可层面的学、以下不属于政策分析的政治学研究途径的选项8者是:B:哈贝马斯 是:A:公共选择理论 7、以下关于政策合法化含义的说法不正确的是:9、在政策分析研究中，把“政治行动者个人都被D:法律法规不存在政策合法化问题。 自利的动机所引导而选择一项对其有利的行动方8、以下关于政策合法政府化地位与作用的各种说案”，这一假设作为基本出发点的理论是:D:公法不正确的是:A:政策合法化是领导意志转变为共选择理论 群众意志的过程 10、从政策分析的角度研究马克思主义政策理论，9、政策合法化的主体要有合法依据，以下国务院总结党和政府政策实践的基本经验，这种状况属于有关构成部门哪个即使经国务院批准也不能发布改革开放以来我国政策分析学科的发展的:B:第规章:C:国家统计局 二阶段 10、以下哪个选项不是我国政策制定的原则性要 求:B:群众路线 第二单元 1、上世纪50年代论及政策工具基本原理的著作第四单元 《政治、经济和福利》一书的作者是:C:达尔和1、将政策执行看作，在目标的确立与适应于取得 这些目标的行动之间的一种相互作用过程，提出这林德布洛姆 2、以下哪一项是不属于推动工具研究盛行的选个观点的学者是:D:普雷斯曼和韦达夫斯基 项:D:社会团体的推动 2、以下哪一项不属于政策执行的地位和作用的确3、在政策工具研究中“后现代工具”的提出者是:主要表现方面:B:保证法律法规实施的主要手段 B:休普 3、以下哪一项不属于制定执行计划应遵循的原4、以下哪些选项属于政策研究的古典途径:A:则:A:政治性 工具主义 4、政策执行过程有诸多环节，包括制定必要的管5、用木工匠和园艺业比喻政府治理工具的学者理法规制定，以下哪一选项不属于必要的管理法规是:C:胡德 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 :C:质量监测制 6、把政策工具分为法律工具、经济工具和交流工5、以下哪一选项不属于传统的政策执行手段中行具的学者是:D:狄龙 政手段的特点:D:结果的不容置疑性 6、以下哪一选项不属于传统的政策执行手段中经5、以下哪个选项不属于一般行政监控: 济手段的特点:B:实用性 D:审计机关的监控 76、政策本身也会是影响政策有效执行的因素，以、在利益集团的政策监控中，属于间接游说的选下哪一选项不属于政策本身的因素:A:政策的政项是:C:基层动员 治性 7、公众对政策的监控主要是通过什么形式实现8、政策有效执行应必备的基本资源不包括以下哪的:B:社会舆论 一选项:C:外援资源 8、以下不属于政策监督的选项是:A:对政策制9、20世纪80年代以来，新公共管理运动以追求定主体进行监督 “三E”(这里的E均为相关英文单词第一个字母9、20世纪以来，西方国有中央政府权力有所扩张，的大写)为目标，以下选项哪一个不在“三E”中:人们公认的主要原因之一是:D:国家的福利政策 D:效果 10、以下哪个选项属于中国共产党的政策监控的10、以下哪一选项不属于中国政策执行的成功经主要方式:A:党纪监督 验:B:重视人民利益 第七单元 第五单元 1、以下不属于政策终结特征的选项是: 1、以下哪一项不是政策效果概念所包含的内容:A:突然性 C:公民的评价 2、以下哪个选项不是政策终结的一般原因: 2D:行为理论的变化 、以下哪一项不属于政策评估的意义: 3D:评价政策执行的效果 、以下哪一种人对政策终结不存在抵触心理: 3、把政策评估分为方案影响评估、方案策略评估D:政策受损者 和方案监控评估的机构或学者是:B:美国社区服4、在一个完整的政策周期中，关键阶段是政策的: 务管理局 D:监控 4、把政策评估分为正式评估和非正式评估的角度5、以下哪个选项不属于政策变化的基本类型: 属于:A:评估活动组织形式 A:说服性变化 5、以下哪个选项不是事前评估所包括的内容: 6、一般系统论的创立者是:C贝塔朗菲 C:对政策预案机构评估 7、系统最基本的属性或特征之一是:D:结构性 6、以下哪个选项不是确立政策评估标准的原则:8、以下哪个选项不是系统分析的基本要素: D:评估标准必须保证方便公民参与 B:方案听证 7、效能属于政策评估的:B:事实标准 9、以下选项哪个不是系统分析中辨析环境所指的8、以下哪个选项不是评估的基本要素:C:评估程环境:A:政治法律环境 序 10、以下选项哪个不属于系统分析的层面: 9、从政府干预的实质结果入手，把评估模式分为C:心理分析 效果、经济、职业化三联单种类型的学者是: A:韦唐 10.、政策评估的无目模式最初由哪个机构或学者 提出:D:斯克里 第六单元 1、以下哪种监控属于按政策监控的层次分类做出 的划分:C:超级监控 2、目标监控属于:D:按政策监控的内容所做的 分类 3、以下哪个选项不属于政策监控的作用:B:防止 少数人滥用权力 4、听取和审议政府报告和计划属于:A:立法机 关对政策的监控 的管理B:对全过程的管理C:全体人员参与的管多项选择 理 第一单元 7、作为一种政策工具，目标管理的优点是:A:1、中国历史上有一大批与政策和政策研究密切相减少公共部门不必要的损失B:可强化部门间的沟关的著作，其中包括:A:孙子兵法B:史记D:通协调C:有利于工作效率的提高 资治通鉴 8、作为一种政策工具，标杆管理的局限是:A:2容易将注意力集中于数据B:不明白数据来源，易、20世纪60年代至70年代初期，推动政策分析 产生比较错误C:有些员工会不愿意合作，导致最学科发展的主要学者包括:A:拉斯韦尔B:库恩 C:德洛尔 佳实践不能加强 3、以下选项，属于市场失灵类型有: B:市场固9、影响政策选择的因素有:B:环境因素C:意识有失灵C:市场不发育导致市场失灵D:政府干预形态D:执行者的偏好 导致的市场失灵 10、政策工具选择的策略主要有:A:政策目标主4、以下选项，属于公共政策基本特征的有: 导型B:环境主导型C:政府单方面政策工具偏好 主导型D:以政府工具偏好为主、政策执行者偏好A:政治性B:权威性C:多样性D:整体性 为辅的选择型 5、公共政策的功能包括:A:向导功能B:规范功 能C;协调功能D:控制功能 6、政策分析的基本特征包括:A:实践性B:跨科第三单元 学性C:描述性和规范性的统一D:科学性和政治1、从广义上理解，政策制定由哪些环节构成: 性的统一 A:议程设立B:方案规划D:方案合法化 7、以下选项，属于政策分析的经治学研究途径的2、在我国。一个问题要达到系统议程的程度，必是:B:公共选择理论C:新制度学派D:福利经须具备的条件包括: 济学理论 A:在社会上广泛流传并被广泛关注C:大多数人8、以下选项，属于政策分析的政治学研究途径的都认为有采取行动的必要D:公众普遍认为该问题是:A:系统理论C:过程功能理论D:团体理论 属于某个政府机关权限范围内的事务而且应当给9、公共政策的含义包括:A:公共政策必须是用予适当关注 于解决公共问题的B:公共政策只能是由公共权威3、在政治过程中，有利于社会问题进入政策议程机构制定的C:公共政策表现为一种“为”或“不的有效沟通机制一般有:A:政治组织B:行政人为”的倾向和现实规范 员C:政治领袖D:专家学者 10、政府失灵的主要原因包括:A :政府行为目标4、以下属于方案规划环节的选项有:A:问题界与社会公共利益存在差异B:现有的决策体制及方定B:方案设计C:后果预测D:方案抉择 式本身有缺陷C:信息不完全D:政府机关效率低5、确立政策目标时应注意哪些问题:B:目标的针下 对性C:目标的系统性D:目标的规范性 6、政策方案设计的第一步是轮廓勾画，这一步必 第二单元 须遵守的原则包括:C:多方案选择D:满足整体1、推动工具研究盛行的因素主要有:B:理论与实上的完备性和个体间的互斥性 际结合的产物C:政策执行的现实需要D:工具研7、政策方案的可行性分析包括以下哪些内容:A:究倡导者得到政治和意识形态方面的支持 政治性B:经济性C:法律性 2、以下属于政策工具研究主题和方向的选项有:8、以下有关政策合法化概念内涵与外延的各种说A:偶发事件B:政策网络 法，正确的有:A所有政策都有其合法化过程B:3、对“政策网络”研究比较关注的代表性学者有:政策合法化是有目的的活动C:政策规定合法化是A:库尔瓦斯B:赫林C:阿伦森 法定主体依照法定权限所实施的活动D;政策合法4、政策工具研究的途径包括:A:工具主义B:过化是主体依照法定程序所实施的一系列行为过程 程主义C:权变主义D:建构主义 9、以下有关政策合法化是决策民主化、科学化和5、政策工具可分为:B:市场化工具C:工商管理法制化具体体现的表述，正确的有:A:政策合法技术D:社会化手段 化是加强政治沟通与协调的过程B:政策合法化是6、全面质量管理的基本内容包括:A:全面质量对决策方案不断修改完善的过程C:政策合法化是 坚持由法定决策主体依照法定权限和程序进行决策效果进行评估 策的过程 6、政策评估的事实标准包括:A:效率B:效能C:10、根据政策合法化人体的合法依据，以下国务院充分性D:回应性 哪些部门经国务院批准可以发布规章:A:国家教7、政策评估组织准备阶段的主要任务包括:B:确育部B:国家卫生部D:国土资源部 立评估对象C:制定评估方案D:挑选和培训人员 8、德国学者韦唐从政府干预的实质结果入手，把 第四单元 评估模式分为三类，以下哪些选项属于这些类型:1、以下哪些说法体现了政策执行的地位和作用:B:政治模式D:职业化模式 A:实现政策目标的基本途径B:检验政策正确与9、政策评估的目标达成模式有所不足，下列选项否的唯一标准 属于不足的有:A:忽略了成本B:不考虑意料之2外的结果C:忽视实施过程 、以下哪些选项属于政策执行过程的诸环节:A: 政策宣传B:物质准备C:组织准备 10、政策评估中的经济模式可分为:A:生产率模3、以下哪些选项属于传统政策执行手段中行政手式B:效率模式 段的显著特点:B:权威性C:强制性D:对象的 第六单元 确有限性和时效性 4、以下选项属于传统政策执行手段中经济手段的1、按政策过程的不同阶段分类，政策监控可以分显著特点:A:间接性C:有偿性D:关联性 为:A:政策制定的监控B:政策执行的监控C:5政策评估的监控 、影响政策有效执行的政策本身的因素有:A: 2政策的合理性B:政策的明晰性C:政策的协调性 、按政策监控的层次分类，政策监控可分为:B:6、制度资源也会影响政策的有效执行，这些制度自我监控C:逐级监控D:超级监控 包括:A:公共政策决策体制C:政策执行行为监3、政策监控的作用主要表现在:A:保证政策的督制度D:国家公务员 管理制度 档案管理制度下载食品安全管理制度下载三类维修管理制度下载财务管理制度免费下载安全设施管理制度下载 合法化B:保证政策的贯彻实施C:保证政策的调7、马丁。霍恩和佛朗西。拉宾诺维奇在《执行的整与完善D:促使政策终结 理论》中，把政策执行过程分为三个不同阶段，以4、立法机关对政策的监控主要表现在:A:法律下属于这三个阶段的选项是:A:纲领发展阶段B:监控B:从事监控C:质询和诘问D:视察和检查 资源分配阶段C:政策监督监督 5、一般行政监控包括:A:上级主管机关对下级8、影响政策有效执行的主体因素有:C:政策执行执行机关及其人员的监控B:下级机关对上级机关组织D:政策执行人员 的监控。D:综合性的业务监控。 9、20世纪80年代以来，新公共管理运动以追求6、以下不属于西方利益集团的政策监控中游说方“三E”的选项是:A:经济C:效率D:效能 式的选项是:C:在会议前游行示威D:在政府前10、以下哪一个选项不属于中国政策执行的成功游行示威 经验:C:重视人民的利益 7、政策监控的内容包括:B:对政策制定活动进行 监控C:对政策执行活动进行监控。D:对政策评 第五单元 估活动进行监控 1、政策评估中，政策效果概念所包括的内容有:8、执政党的政策监控方式包括:A:将自己的成A:政策的非预期影响B:与政府行为相关的条件员选入立法机关，通过影响立法实现对政策的监控环境变化D:投入政策的直接和间接成本 B:将自己的成员列入各级政府机关及政府各部门2、政策效果的类型包括以下哪几种:A:直接效中，影响政策的制定和实施。C:可以动用从党纪果D:潜在效果 到国法的各种形式实现对政策的监控D:利用其所3、政策评估的意义主要有:A:决定政策的去留B:控制的社会舆论对政策的各个环节进行监控 制定新政策的依据D:民众利益的要求 9、在野党的政策监控方式有:A:动用其所影响4、关于政策评估的类型，美国社区服务管理局提社会媒体对政策进行监控B:运用其所影响的社团出过三种，包括:B:方案影响评估C:方案策略组织对政策进行监控C:根据法律赋予其在议会中评估D:方案监控评估 议员的权力对政策过程施加一定的影响 5、政策事前评估的内容包括:A:对政策实施对10、以下哪些选项是中国共产党的政策监控的主象发展趋势的预测C:政策可行性的评估D:对政要方式:A:党纪监督D:通过党的基层组织实施 政策监控 一。(?) 6、公共政策与其制定者、实施者及其对象的利益 第七单元 不能密切相关。(×) 1、政策终结的特征主要表现为它的:A:它的强7、政策分析说到底是一般的选择理论，必然以价制性B:更替性D:灵活性 值观为基础。(?) 2、政策终结的一般原因是包括:A:财政困难B:8、从研究的视角来看，政策分析学科可以分为基政治意识形态C:行为理论的变化D:政策的低效本理论和具体政策理论。(×) 率 9、功能过程理论是行为主义政治学观点在政策3、一般而言，政策终结的方式包括:A:政策废 止B:政策替代C:政策缩减D:政策的法律化 研究上的反映。(?) 4、以下哪些选项属于琼斯所概括的政策分析过程10、公共选择政理论是政策分析的经济学研究途的阶段:B:权威机构评估C:政策执行D:政策 终结 径之一。(?) 5、影响政策周期长短的主要因素有:A:目标B: 环境D:难度 6、政策变化的基本类型包括:A:政策局部变化第二单元 和政策整体变化B:政策内生变化和政策外生变化 1、胡德早在1953年于〈政治、经济和福利》一D:强制性政策变化和诱致性政策变化 书中就论及了政策工具的基本原理。(×) 7、系统的优化从整体与局部的关系看主要有哪几2、工具研究是政策执行的现实需要，跟意识形态 种情况:B:局部子系统的效益并不优，而系统的支持无关。(×) 3、整体效益较优C:局部子系统的效益好，组合起来偶发性事件也是政策工具研究的主题及走向之的系统整体也最优D:局部子系统的效益好，但系一。(?) 统整体的效益没有达到最优 4、政策工具研究的古典途径是工具主义。(?) 8、系统分析的内容包括:A:整体分析B:结构分5、最早对政策工具进加以分类的是欧文.休斯。 (×) 析C:环境分析D:层次分析 6、由全体人员参与管理是全面管理的基本内容之9、系统分析的要素包括:A:目标B:备选方案C: 效果D:标准 一。(×) 10、系统分析的三个层面分别是:A:行为分析B:7、“企业流通再造”技术可以不进行量化分析，价值分析D:规范分析 所以公共部门能够引进该技术。(×) 8、标杆管理动技术也存在缺陷，比如容易将注意 力集中于数字方面。(?) 9、家庭和社区也是一种常见的政策工具。(?) 10、政策本身不能成为影响政策工具选择的因素。判断题 (×) 第一单元 第三单元 1、政策议程是将政策问题提上政府议事日程，纳1、产生于16世纪《汉谟拉比法典》是公共政策最 典型的例子。(×) 入决策领域的过程。(?) 2、1951年由拉纳和拉斯韦尔主编的，《政策科学:2、在我国，一个问题要想达到系统议程的程度，范围和方法的新近发展》一书的出版，被人们当作必须引起高层领导的重视。(×) 政策分析学科诞生的标志。(?) 3、政府议程较为宏观，其概念和范围不能太具体，3、政府干预主要针对市场不发育或产权关系不明应抽象和模糊些。(×) 造成的市场失灵。(×) 4、专家学者也是政策议程创立的基本条件之一。4、政府失灵的最一般表现是政府干预经济虽然达(?) 到了预期目标，但效率低下，成本昂贵。(×) 5、政治领袖是形成决策议程的基本和条件。(×) 5、寻租活动的存在是致使政府失灵的主要原因之6、方案规划包括问题界定、目标确立、方案设计、 后果预测和方案抉择环节。(?) 9、顾客导向模式的最大优点是体现了顾客为上帝7、长远性是政策目标确立应注意的问题之一。(×) 的理念。(×) 8、政策必须法制化，必须相对稳定，不能在政策10、我国政策评估的现状可以概括为:刚刚起步，上搞创新。(×) 问题重重。(?) 9、政治可行性是政策方案论证的最重要、最基本 的内容。(?) 第六单元 10、1、政策监控贯穿于整个政策过程始末。(政策合法化要求所有的政策都必须有其合法?) ×) 化过程。(?)2、目标监控属于按政策监控时态所做的分类。( 3、在政策监控中，保证政策的合法化主要是针对第四单元 政策执行环节的。(×) 1、政策执行是实现政策目标的根本途径。(?) 4、人事监控属于立法机关对政策的监控。(?) 2、政策宣传是政策执行过程的起始环节。(?) 5、在行政机关的政策监控中，行政管理机关的监3、在政策执行的组织准备中，选人用人是首要任控也是一般行政监控。(?) 务。(×) 6、提供竞选支持也是一种游说方式。(?) 4、政策实验包括选择实验对象、实施实验方案和7、公众对政策的监控主要是通过长期各种社会组总结实验结果三个阶段。(×) 织来实现的。(×) 5、政策执行中的行政手段具有权威性、强制性和8、政策监控的内容不能包括对政策评估活动进行教育性三个特点。(×) 监督。(×) 6、政策执行中的法律手段除了具有权威性和强制9、社会实验是系统控制政策行为的过程。(?) 性外，还要稳定性和规范性特点。(?) 10、党纪监督是中国共产党政策监督的主要方式之7、制造舆论是思想诱导常用的手段之一。(?) 一。(?) 8、政策执行是对政策的执行，所以政策本身不是 影响政策有效执行的因素。(×) 第七单元 9、公共政策决策体制是影响政策有效执行的制度1、政策终结意味着新旧政策的更替，是政策连续资源因素之一。(×) 性的特殊表现。(?) 10、把强制执行与说服教育结合起来是我国政策执2、一般而言，关于人性、行政管理等行政理论的行的成功经验之一。(?) 变化不会导致政策的终结。(×) 3、政策的法律化是一种意义上的政策终结。(?) 4、现存机构的持续性是政策终结的障碍之一。(?) 第五单元 5、考夫曼认为，环境而不是机遇对成功的政策终1、政策评估是对政策的效益、效率、效果和价值结至关重要。(×) 进行判断的一种政治行为。(?) 6、政策周期理论最早由德国学者哈贝马斯提出。2、政策及于相关利益群体，其效果完全是直接和(×) 显性的。(×) 7、根据引起变化的原因，政策变化可分为内生变3、从评估组织活动形式上，可将政策评估分为内化和外生变化。(?) 部评估和外部评估。(×) 8、政策制定的日益繁密化是我国政策变化的特征4、政策评估设定的条件之一，就是评估标准必须之一。(?) 应具备全面性。(?) 9、功能分析是政策研究尤其是政策分析的最基本 方法。(×)5、作为政策评估的定量分析标准，主要包括效率、 效能和充分性三个标准。(×) 10、提出系统分析方法论有行为分析、价值分析和6、政策评估准备阶段最为重要的一项工作是挑选规范分析三个层面的学者是琼斯。(×) 和培训人员。(×) 7、目标达成模式的优点之一就是能够提供客观的 评估标准。(?) 8、无目标模式的最初设计者是米歇尔。斯克里文。 (?) 特殊性，比如，产业、货币、利率等政策工具对公简答题 共政策调节经济发展就影响不一;(3)环境因素，第一单元 现有政策状态和以往政策工具选择会形成不同的1、公共政策的功能是什么, 答:(1)导向功能，使社会生活中复杂的、相互冲环境;(4)意识形态，政府主要的意识形态即治理突的行为有效纳入到统一明确的目标上来;(2)规理念的变化，会影响政府对政策工具的偏好;(5)范功能，使人们遵守社会规范，维护社会秩序;(3) 执行者的偏好，一般来说，政策执行者青睐那些操协调功能，保证公众利益的均衡协调，保证社会发 展的健康有序;(4)控制功能，对人们的行为和事作简单又能给他们带来额外利益的政策工具;(6)物的发展制约或促进。 目标团队，显然，政策客体希望政府采用温和的能2、简述政策分析学科研究的基本途径。 够给他们带来利益的政策工具。 答:(1)管理学途径，即从管理功能及过程来考察 公共行政及公共政策，以最大限度提高组织效率;第三单元 (2)政治学途径，即运用系统、过程功能、团体、1、为保证政策目标的正确性，确立目标时应注意精英、制度等理论进行政策分析;(3)经济学途径，哪些问题, 即通过经济学的理论假设、概念框架、分析方法及答:(1)目标的针对性，针对实际问题，选准解决技术来看待公共政策问题;(4)法律途径，将公共问题的突破口;(2)目标的可行性，具有先进性和行政及公共政策视为法律在具体环境中的应用和合理性;(3)目标的系统性，着眼于整体，照顾各实施，为公共行政及公共政策赋予了法律和裁判的方;(4)目标的规范性，体现所代表的社会利益，主题;(5)马克思主义的阶级分析方法，认为公共符合党和国家的总路线总目标，合乎法律法规和社政策是特定阶级利益的反映。 会道德的要求;(5)目标的具体性，所涉及的概念、 时间、条件、数量等，必须明确具体。 2、政策合法化概念的内涵和外延包括哪几个方面第二单元 的内容, 1、简要回答政策工具的兴起原因。 答:可以从如下几个方面来把握:第一，所有的政答:首先，它是理论与实践相结合的产物。其次，策，包括中央政策和地方政策，法律和其他形式的它是政策执行的现实需要;最后，工具研究途径的政策，都有其合法化过程。第二，政策合法化是有倡导者长期以来得到政治和意识形态方面的支持。 目的的活动。第三，政策合法化是法定主体依照法2、谈谈全面质量管理的优点和不足。 定权限所实施的活动。第四，政策合法化是主体依答:优点:(1)重新强调政府作为公仆的使命;(2)照法定程序所实施的一系列行为过程。 促使政府学会如何实现现有资源的合理配置，以取 得更多成果，提供更高质量的服务;(3)促进官僚第四单元 权威的分权化，突出人的因素，以挥员工的积极性，1、为执行政策需做哪些组织准备, 使其更加出色地完成任务;(4)重视对问题进行预答:(1)确定政策执行机构，这是组织准备环节的防(与事后解决相对照)，以减免不必要的损失;首要任务。(2)选人用人，这是组织准备的一项重(5)帮助公共行政人员认识到大多数问题来源于要内容，因为人是组织中最能动、最活跃的因素。不完善的体制而不全是有过失的人等。缺点:(1)(3)制定必要的管理法规制度，一是目标责任制，不能解决公共部门的所有问题(如政府垄断，一般二是检查监督制，三是奖励惩罚制。 开发绩效评估的问题)。(2)全面质量管理要产生2、传统的政策执行手段主要有哪些, 效用，必须完成全部工作方法的转变，这就增加了答:(1)行政手段，即采取行政命令、指示、规定实施的难度。 及 规章制度 食品安全规章制度下载关于安全生产规章制度关于行政管理规章制度保证食品安全的规章制度范本关于公司规章制度 等行政方式，按照行政系统、行政层次3、简述影响政策工具选择的主要因素。 和行政区划来实施政策的方法;(2)法律手段，即答: 通过各种法律、法令、司法、仲裁工作，特别是通(1)政策本身，政府的政策是多目标的还是单一过行政立法和司法方式来调节政策执行活动中各 种关系的方法;(3)经济手段，即根据客观经济规目标的对实施工具要求是不同的;(2)政策工具的 律和物质利益原则，利用各种经济杠杆，调节政策 执行过程中的各种不同阶级利益关系，促进仲裁顺成;四是项目的终结，即政策的具体项目以及执行利实施的方法;(4)思想诱导手段，通过制造舆论、措施的终结。(2)政策终结的方式:一是政策废止，说服教育等方式促进政策执行的方法。 即直截了当宣布一项政策的废止;二是政策替代， 即新政策替代旧政策;三是政策合并，即将废止的第五单元 旧政策的暂不取消的功能合并到其他政策之中;四 是政策分解，即旧政策分解为若干新政策;五是政1、政策评估有哪些基本标准, 策缩减，即采用渐进方式终结政策;六是政策的法答:基本标准可分为价值标准和事实标准两大类。律化，即使政策上升为法律而导致政策终结。 价值标准(定性分析的标准)，包括政策是否满足2、系统分析包括哪些基本内容, 大多数人的需要;政策是否有利于生产力的发展;答:系统分析包括:(1)整体分析，即从全局出发，政策是否有利于增进人民的团结;政策是否有利于在系统、子系统、单元、元素之间以及它们与周围保持政权的巩固与社会的稳定;政策是否坚持了社 环境之间的相互关系中探求系统的整体与规律;会公正的原则等。事实标准(定量分析的标准)， 主要包括如下4个方面:效率、效能、充分性和回(2)结构分析，通过对系统内部诸要素的排列组应性。 合对系统进行分析;(3)环境分析，即对系统发生、2、什么是政策评估的目标达成模式,该模式有什 发展及运行的生态条件或背景进行分析。 么优点和不足, 答:目标达成模式是探讨评估问题的传统方法，它 主要由两部分组成:(1)目标达成评价。(2)影响论述题 评价。优点:(1)体现民主。(2)提供客观的评估 第一单元 标准。(3)具有简单性。不足:(1)忽略了成本。 论述加强政策分析学科建设对于推进我国决策科(2)在目标不清的情况下难以运用。(3)不考虑 学化民主化的现实意义。 意料之外的结果。(4)忽视了公共政策制定中的隐 秘议程的确作用。(5)忽视实施过程。 答:(1)公共政策的本质是社会各方利益的交换过 程，是利益交易中讨价还价的结果。(2)公共政策第六单元 在对社会公共问题的处理上必须注意两个层次的1、按政策过程的不同阶段可以把政策监控分为哪 几种类型, 问题:一是从技术层面减少公众的主观差距，降低答:(1)政策制定的监控，对信息收集、问题界定，和转移公众的期望值，缓和公众的不满情绪;二是方案的规划、选择和合法化等活动进行的监控;(2) 从内容层面减少公众的客观差距，着眼于社会利益政策执行的监控，目的在于保证政策的全面落实; 关系的调整。(3)我国决策的科学化和民主化有赖(3)政策评估的监控，以保证获得客观准确的政 策信息效果;(4)政策终结的监控，及时督促错误于政策分析学科建设，但目前我国政策分析学科建的或过时的政策的废止，提高政策绩效。 设尚有明显不足，不能为决策的科学化和民主化提2、简述政策监督的内容。 供很好的支持，主要是理论体系不成熟、研究方法答:(1)对政策制定活动进行监督，以保证政策制 定的质量;(2)对政策的执行活动进行监督，以保上的缺陷、学科建制较落后、理论与实际有脱节等，证政策的贯彻落实;(3)对政策评估活动进行监督，必须进一步完善。 以使评估活动能更好地发现政策偏差，对其及时调 第二单元 整或终止。 2、根据影响政策工具选择的因素，论如何改进我第七单元 1、政策终结有那些类型和方式, 国的决策状况。 答:(1)政策终结的类型:一是功能的终结，即终答:(1)影响政策工具选择的因素主要有:第一、止由政策执行所带来的某种或某些服务;二是机构 政策本身。政府的政策是多目标的还是单一目标的的终结，即因某些或某个机构的终结而导致的政策 终结;三是政策本身的终结，即政策本身的使命完对实施工具要求是不同的。第二、政策工具的特殊 性，比如，产业、货币、利率等政策工具对公共政成员共享，并具有政治、经济、法律、伦理、技术策调节经济发展就影响不一。第三、环境因素，现的可行性;(2)政策明晰性。政策从形式到内容都有政策状态和以往政策工具选择会形成不同的环必须明确清晰，不能模棱两可;(3)政策的协调性。境。第四、意识形态，政府主要的意识形态即治理任何一项可执行的政策在其适用时间、地点、条件理念的变化，会影响政府对政策工具的偏好。第五、下，不得以其他部门政策“撞车”;(4)政策的稳执行者的偏好，一般来说，政策执行者青睐那些操定性。政策不能朝令夕改，变化不定。以便增强人作简单又能给他们带来额外利益的政策工具;第们的理性预期，增加对政策的认同，便于政策的执六、目标团队，显然，政策客体希望政府采用温和行。从上述原因出发，我国在政策本身方面应注意的能够给他们带来利益的政策工具。(2)政策工具坚持以科学发展观为指导，注意政策本身体现人与选择有明显的现实意义。第一、政策本身必须明确人、人与自然、人与社会的和谐发展，做到内容和针对的目标是多目标还是单一目标，因为这对实施形式的明晰性和协调性，并保持政策的稳定性。 工具要求是不同的;第二、注意政策工具的特殊性，第五单元 以求最大限度地对公共政策调节发生影响;第三、5、联系实际谈谈如何推进我国的政策评估事业。 答:(1注意环境因素，分析现有政策状态和以往政策工具)政策评估是依据一定得程序和标准，对政选择会形成不同的环境，从而更好地调节政策;第策的效益、效能、效果和价值进行判断的政治行为，四、注意意识形态即治理理念的调整，以使政策工目的是在于取得有关这些方面的信息，作为决定政具的运用于社会治理相协调;第五、尽量避免执行策变化、政策改进和制定新政策的依据。政策评估者的不良偏好，使政府的政策工具选择客观公正;是政策过程的一个重要环节，有着特定的标准、模第六、注意目标团体因素，把政策客体的希望与政式和方法，为各国政府及其管理者高度重视。(2) 我国的政策评估刚刚起步，存在不少问题，一是评府采用的政策工具结合起来。 第三单元 估者缺乏对政策评估的科学认识和认真态度，二是3、试述有中国特色的政策制定的基本经验。 评估标准以价值判断为主，评估方法以定性分析为答:(1)政策制定必须坚持以下原则:第一、实事主;三是缺乏独立的政策评估组织;四是评估对象求是;第二、调查研究;第三、从人民的根本利益以政策输出为主，忽视对政策影响的评估;五是资出发;第四、坚持民主集中制。(2)政策制定必须料和评估经费的欠缺;六是公众未能广泛参与政策走群众路线，广泛吸收公众参与。中国共产党代表评估。(3)针对上述情况，要推进我国的政策评估最广大人民群众的根本利益，制定的任何政策都必事业，必须提高对评估工作及其意义的认识;使政须体现人民群众的利益要求，必须在政策制定上坚策评估制度化;建立独立的评估组织;明确政策目持“从群众来，到群众中去”。(3)要做到积极稳标、精选评估对象;建立政策评估信息系统。 妥，“摸着石头过河”，既要大胆创新，又要循序渐第六单元 进，注意从点到面，协调发展。 6、论如何完善我国的政策监控机制。 第四单元 答:(1)我国的政策监控机制主要有:一是人民代4、试论如何完善我国的政策质量以提高我国政策表大会的政策监控;二是政府机关的政策监控;三 是司法机关的政策监控;四是中国共产党的政策监执行的效率。 答:(1)政策的合理性。政策的相关内容必须符合控;五是民主党派对政策的监控;六是人民群众及 人民团体的政策监控。(2自然和社会发展的客观规律，体现公平，为全社会)我国政策监控机制的完 善应主要做好以下工作:一是强化立法机关和司法机关的监控功能;二是建立健全司法体系，保证政策监控的权威性;三是制定可行的制度程序与具体的 实施细则 工程地质勘察监理实施细则公司办公室6S管理实施细则国家GSP实施细则房屋建筑工程监理实施细则大体积混凝土实施细则 ;四是提高监控者的素质;五是完善政策监控的辅助手段，如建立财产申报制度、建立法定的信息中心、扩充工作人员等;六是建立条块结合的政策监控模式;七是加强公众和大众传媒的政策监控。 第七单元 7、试论政策周期与经济(发展)周期的关系。 答:(1)政策周期是指政策经过制定、执行、评估、监控、终结这几个阶段后形成一个周期，其中政策制定是核心，政策执行是关键，政策评估是对政策方案合理性的最权威检验，政策监控政策有效运行的保证，政策终结则意味着一个周期的结束。(2)经济过程与政策过程密不可分，尤其是在市场经济条件下，公共政策作为干预社会经济生活得主要手段，其与经济发展之间的关系就更为密切。(3)西方学者在这方面提出了“政治---商业周期”或“政治---经济周期”理论，认为西方民选政府在循环反复的大选周期中运作，采取的政策类型随着选举周期的时间而变化。(4)我国的政策周期变化与经济发展也呈现出周期关系，其表现一是中央政府的政治动员冲击所引起的经济扩张期;二是中央政府的政治命令冲击所引起的经济收缩期。 (英文版 ) Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature and purity, to reflect the revised standards requirements. Members of self-discipline norms around the party members how to correctly treat and deal with the "public and private", "cheap and rot" thrifty and extravagance "bitter music", put forward the "four norms". Party leader cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms for the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "vital few", around the "clean politics", from civil servant of the color, the exercise of power, moral integrity, a good family tradition and other aspects of the leadership of the party members and cadres of the "four norms" < > < norm norm. "The Party member's self-discipline norms" and "party members and leading cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms," a total of eight, collectively referred to as the "eight". "Four must" and "eight" of the content from the party constitution and Party's several generation of leaders, especially Xi Jinping, general secretary of the important discussion, refer to the "three discipline and eight points for attention" statements, and reference some embody the Chinese nation excellent traditional culture essence of epigrams. (2) the revised regulations, the main changes in the revised Regulations > to fully adapt to the strictly requirements, reflects the according to the regulations governing the law of recognition of deepening, the realization of the discipline construction and Jin Ju. < rule > is party a ruler, members of the basic line and follow. And the majority of Party members and cadres of Party organizations at all levels should adhere to the bottom line of thinking, fear discipline, hold the bottom line, as a preventive measure, to keep the party's advanced nature and purity. 1, respect for the constitution, refinement and discipline. Revised < rule > from comprehensive comb physical constitution began, the party constitution and other regulations of the Party of Party organizations and Party discipline requirements refinement, clearly defined in violation of the party constitution will be in accordance with regulations to give the corresponding disciplinary action. The original 10 categories of misconduct, integration specification for political discipline, discipline, honesty and discipline masses Ji Law and discipline and discipline and other six categories, the content of < rule > real return to Party discipline, for the majority of Party members and listed a "negative list. 7 2, highlighting the political discipline and political rules. > < Regulations according to the stage of the discipline of outstanding performance, emphasizing political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline, in opposition to the party's leadership and the party's basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, the basic requirement of behavior made prescribed punishment, increase the cliques, against the organization such as violation of the provisions, to ensure that the central government decrees and the Party of centralized and unified. 3, adhere to strict discipline in the law and discipline In front, Ji separated. Revised < Regulations > adhere to the problem oriented, do Ji separated. Any national law existing content, will not repeat the provisions, the total removal of 79 and criminal law, repeat the content of the public security management punishment law, and other laws and regulations. In the general reiterated that party organizations and Party members must conscientiously accept the party's discipline, die van comply with national laws and regulations; at the same time, to investigate violations of Party members and even criminal behavior of Party discipline and responsibility, > < Regulations distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, so as to realize the connection of Party discipline and state law. 4, reflect Wind building and anti-corruption struggle of the latest achievements. < rule > the party's eighteen years implement the spirit of the central provisions of the eight, against the requirements of the "four winds" and transformation for disciplinary provisions, reflecting the style construction is always on the road, not a gust of wind. In the fight against corruption out of new problems, increase the trading rights, the use of authority relatives profit and other disciplinary terms. Prominent discipline of the masses, the new against the interests of the masses and ignore the demands of the masses and other disciplinary terms and make provisions of the disposition and the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses. Discipline to protect the party's purpose. 8 of these regulations, a total of three series, Chapter 15, 178, more than 24000 words, after the revision of the regulations a total of 3 series, Chapter 11, 133, 17000 words, divided into "general" and "special provisions" and "Supplementary Provisions" Part 3. Among them, add, delete, modify the provisions of the proportion of up to nearly 90%. 1, the general general is divided into five chapters. The first chapter to the regulations of the guiding ideology, principles and scope of application of the provisions, highlight the strengthening of the party constitution consciousness, maintenance the authority of Party Constitution, increase the party organizations and Party members must abide by the party constitution, Yan Centralized centralized, would examine at all levels of the amended provisions implementing and maintaining Party discipline, and consciously accept the party discipline, exemplary compliance with national laws and regulations. The second chapter of discipline concept, disciplinary action types and effects of the regulations, will be a serious warning from the original a year for a year and a half; increase the Party Congress representative, by leaving the party above (including leave probation) punishment, the party organization should be terminated its representative qualification provisions. The third chapter of the disciplinary rules of use prescribed in the discipline rectifying process, non convergence, not close hand classified as severely or heavier punishment. "Discipline straighten "At least eighteen years of five years, these five years is to pay close attention to the provisions of the central eight implementation and anti -" four winds ". The fourth chapter on suspicion of illegal party disciplinary distinguish five different conditions, with special provisions were made provisions, to achieve effective convergence of Party and country 9 method. < rule > the provisions of Article 27, Party organizations in the disciplinary review found that party members have committed embezzlement, bribery, dereliction of duty dereliction of duty and other criminal law act is suspected of committing a crime shall give cancel party posts, probation or expelled from the party. The second is < Regulations > Article 28 the provisions of Party organizations in the disciplinary review But found that party members are stipulated in the criminal law, although not involved in a crime shall be investigated for Party discipline and responsibility should be depending on the specific circumstances shall be given a warning until expelled punishment. This situation and a difference is that the former regulation behavior has been suspected of a crime, the feeling is quite strict, and the latter for the behavior not involving crime, only the objective performance of the provisions of the criminal code of behavior, but the plot is a crime to slightly. < Regulations > the 29 provisions, Party organizations in the discipline review found that party members and other illegal behavior, affect the party's image, the damage to the party, the state and the people's interests, we should depend on the situation Seriousness given disciplinary action. The loss of Party members, seriously damaging the party's image of behavior, should be given expelled from the party. At this article is party member is in violation of the criminal law outside the other illegal acts, such as violates the public security administration punishment law, customs law, financial laws and regulations behavior. The fourth is < cases > Article 32 stipulates, minor party members and the circumstances of the crime, the people's Procuratorate shall make a decision not to initiate a prosecution, or the people's court shall make a conviction and exempted from criminal punishment shall be given within the party is removed from his post, probation or expelled from the party. Party members and crime, sheets were fined in accordance with For acts; the principal Ordinance amended the provisions of the preceding paragraph. This is the new content, in order to achieve Ji method effective convergence. Five is < > the thirty third article 10 of the provisions, the Party member due to an intentional crime is sentenced to criminal law (including probation) sheets or additional deprivation of political rights; due to negligence crime and was sentenced to three years or more (excluding three years) a penalty, shall give expelled punishment. Due to negligence crime is convicted and sentenced to three years (including three years) in prison or be sentenced to public surveillance, detention, shall in general be expelled from the party. For the individual may not be expelled from the party, should control Approval. This is followed and retained the original > < Regulations the provisions of punishment party authorization rules and report to a level party organizations. For is "party members with criminal acts, and by the criminal punishment, generally should be expelled from the party". The fifth chapter of probationary Party member of the discipline and discipline after missing members of the treatment and punishment decisions, such as the implementation of the provisions, clear the related party discipline and punishment decision made after, for duties, wages and other relevant alteration formalities for the longest time. 2, sub sub section will the original regulations of 10 categories of acts of violation of discipline integration revised into 6 categories, respectively, in violation of the punishments for acts of political discipline "in violation of discipline behavior of punishment" in violation of integrity of disciplinary action points "of violation punishments for acts of mass discipline" "the violation of work discipline, punishment" in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment "6 chapters. 3, annex" Supplementary Provisions "clear authority making supplementary provisions of, cases of interpretative organ, as well as regulations implementation time and retroactivity etc.. 11 (3) learning understanding > < regulations needs to grasp several key problems The first problem -- about the violation of political discipline behavior > < new ordinance chapter 6 the political discipline column for the six disciplines, that is the main opposition to Party leadership and the opposition of the basic theory, basic line, basic program and basic experience, basic requirements of misconduct made provisions of the disposition, especially the eighteen since the CPC Central Committee put forward the Yan Mingzheng treatment of discipline and political rules requirements and practical achievements transformation for Discipline article, increase the false debate central policies, cliques, against the organization review, make no discipline of the principle of harmony terms. These are the party's eighteen years in comprehensive strictly Process combined with the practice of rich content. (1) false debate the central policies and undermine the Party of centralized and unified the problem is made in accordance with the provisions of the party constitution. Constitution in general programme requirements adhere to democratic centralism is one of the requirements of the construction of the party must adhere to the four cardinal. Application of this principle is not only the party the basic organization principle and is also the mass line in party life, it requires that we must fully develop inner-party democracy, respect for the dominant position of Party members, safeguarding the Party member democratic rights, give full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of the party organizations at all levels and Party members, at the same time, also must implement the right concentration, ensure the party's mission < the chaos in unity and concerted action to ensure that the party's decision to get quickly and effectively implementing. The Party Central Committee formulated the major principles and policies, through different channels and ways, fully listen to the party organizations and Party members of the opinions and suggestions, but 12 is some people face to face not to say back blather "" will not say, after the meeting said, "" Taiwan does not say, and nonsense ", in fact, not only disrupt the people thought, some causing serious consequences, the damage to the Party of the centralized and unified, hinder the central policy implementation, but also a serious violation of the democratic system of principles. There is no doubt that shall, in accordance with the Regulations > 4 Specified in Article 6 to give the appropriate punishment. For did not cause serious consequences, to give criticism and education or the corresponding tissue processing. (2) about the destruction of the party's unity < New Regulations > the forty eighth to fifty second article, to damage Party's unity unified and violation of political discipline, punishment situation made explicit provisions. Article 52 of the new "in the party get round group, gangs seek private gain, cliques, cultivate private forces or through the exchange of interests, for their own to create momentum and other activities to gain political capital, given a serious warning or withdraw from their party posts disposition; if the circumstances are serious, to give Leave a party to observation or expelled from the party. (3) on against the organization review of the provisions of the constitution, party loyalty honesty is party members must comply with the obligations. Members must obey the organization decision, shall not violate the organization decided encounters by asking questions to find organization, rely on the organization, shall not deceive the organization, against the organization. For example, after the investigation does not take the initiative to explain the situation, but to engage in offensive and defensive alliance, hiding the stolen money is against survey organization, is a violation of the behavior of political discipline. Article 24 of the original > < Regulations, although the provisions of the interference, hinder group review the behavior of the fabric can be severely or 13 Aggravated punishment, but did not put this kind of behavior alone as a discipline for qualitative amount of discipline. > < new regulations increase the Article 57, "anti organization review, one of the following acts, given a warning or serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, give expelled from the party: (a) on supply or forged, destroyed, transfer, conceal evidence; (II) to prevent others expose, providing evidence Material; (III) harboring co personnel; (4) to the organization to provide false information, to hide the fact; (5) the him against the acts of the organization review. "< rule > add this clause to the Constitution requires more specific, the previous no punishment in accordance with the definite list and put forward clear punishment in accordance with. (4) about organizing or participating in superstitious activities as < Regulations > about engage in activities of feudal superstition obstruction of social management order" violations of Article 164 the provisions, but according to the original < rule > only in disrupting production, work, social life order The case to be disciplinary treatment, in other words, alone make the feudal superstition, organize or participate in the activities of feudal superstition of, does not constitute a violation. Which is not consistent with the requirements of our party's political party. > < new regulations in this change is, superstitious activities on the political discipline, increase the Article 58, is the organization of Party members, in superstitious activities included in violation of the negative list of political discipline deserves punishment, which and Party members should adhere to the correct political principle, political standpoint and viewpoint is consistent. 14 the second question about organization and discipline violation behavior of democratic centralism is our The party's fundamental organizational system. < New Regulations > Chapter 7 "in violation of the behavior of organizational discipline punishment" mainly for violation of democratic centralism, contrary to the "four obey the discipline behavior for source classification rules. Increased not in accordance with the relevant provisions or requirements to the organization for instructions to report on major issues; do not report truthfully report about personal matters; falsify personal archives; hide before joining the party serious mistakes; leading cadres in violation of the relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of the old Xiang, Alumni Association, comrades in arms; to obtain illegal country residence abroad or foreign nationality, illegal for private frontier Documents such as discipline terms. (1) on the report truthfully report personal matters in 2010 the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China office, office of the State Council introduced < provisions on issues related to the leading cadres to report personal >, is clear about the request, deputy division level and above leading cadres should truthfully report changes in my marriage and spouse, children, moved to the country (territory), practitioners, income, real estate, investment and other matters, for failing to report, do not report, concealed and unreported, according to the seriousness of the case, giving criticism and education, and to make a correction within a time limit, shall be ordered to make a check, the commandment Jiemian conversation, informed criticism or jobs, free Post processing, constitute violations, in accordance with the relevant provisions shall be given a disciplinary sanction. But since the original < Regulations > and there is no corresponding specific terms, the violation of the regulations, do not report, as a false report about personal matters, there is no corresponding disciplinary action terms, in practice it is difficult to operate. In this regard, in order to solve is not reported, as a false report about personal matters 15 asked censure, the new < Regulations > add the Article 67 of violation of personal matters related to reporting requirements, report truthfully report the clear punishment basis, making this kind of violation behavior is no longer free drilling for Exhibition on matters of personal checks to verify and supervision of cadres, discipline review provides a powerful discipline guarantee. (2) about the illegal organization, to fellow, alumni, friends of the war will < regulations stipulated in Article 68 of >, leading cadres of the party in violation of relevant provisions of the organization, will participate in the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrade in arms to give the punishment according to the seriousness of the case. Here special needs note is three points: this provision for only the leading cadres ", reflecting the high requirements of leading cadres; second violation in 2002, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the central Organization Department and the The relevant provisions of the General Political Department jointly issued the < off in leading cadres not to participate in the initiative to set up "the villagers would be" alumni "" comrades in arms organization notice >. That is to say, to the spontaneous formation of fellow, Alumni Association, comrades in arms will constitute the premise of discipline is a violation of the provisions of this. The notification specified, leading cadres are not allowed to participate in the spontaneous incorporation of fellow, alumni, between comrades association would like the organization and shall not bear the sorority Human and the organizer shall not hold the corresponding position in the sorority; shall not borrow machine woven "network" and engage in kiss sparsely, round and round the gangs, but not "align" "Jieyi Gold Orchid" behavior. The third is to emphasize here that shall be organized to participate in the initiative to set up the villager, Alumni Association, comrades in arms. The so-called 16 spontaneous was established mainly means without registration. Therefore, Party members include leading cadres in the normal range of fellow, alumni, comrades in the party is not a violation of the rules of Party discipline. The three problem about integrity violations discipline Lian Jie discipline has been eighteen years clean government and anti The focus of the work of corruption. This Ordinance to amend, honesty and discipline this biggest adjustment, the new content, most of which prescribed by the original < criterion of a clean and honest administration > 8 ban and 52 are not allowed into the basic this part. (1) the central eight provisions of the spirit and requirements into < New > in the regulations of the party's eighteen years, central resolutely implement the provisions of the eight and pay close attention to the node and intensive briefing, on public funds, private bus, public funds tourism, gifts of public funds, the big parade and lavish weddings and festive, illegal payment allowances and subsidies, illegal construction of buildings such as the original masses reflects the relatively strong, "four winds" problem of the Resolute rectification. But original < Regulations > to eat and drink, super standard reception and no clear and specific expression, new < rule > will implement eight Central provisions of the spirit of the problem increased to "clean cheap self-discipline" chapter, clear to exceed the standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eating and drinking etc. some in violation of the provisions of the spirit of the eight central relevant persons responsible for punishment, once the violation will be according to the < rule > severely punished, binding, enhanced significantly. One is to add Article 87, about to obtain illegal, hold, and the actual use of the sports card, golf ball cards and other consumer card. Illegal access to private clubs made the punishment provisions. The second is increase the Article 97, has made provisions of the disposition of illegal self pay or 17 spamming allowances, subsidies and bonuses. The third is added to the Article 99, on violation of super standard, beyond the scope of the reception or borrow machine eat and drink to make the provisions of punishment. The fourth is to increase the Article 101, on the management of conference activities in violation of the provisions made sanctions regulations. The fifth is the increased Article 102, for violation of office space management provisions made the punishment provisions. Six is to split the original < rule > Article 78, formed article 98, Article 100 of public Models of tourism, violate the provisions on the administration of the use of discipline of the bus through the list of made a more detailed provisions, apply more operational. Seven is increased the article 96, in violation of the relevant provisions of the, to participate in public funds to pay for dinner, high consumption of entertainment, fitness activities and public funds to buy gift, send gifts to make the provisions of the disposition. On the violation of the central provisions of the spirit of the eight, in addition to > < new regulations into "violation of honesty and self-discipline" misconduct outside, is different with the original < Regulations >, revised < rule > clearly defined not only to disposition of the directly responsible persons, but also dispose of collar Guide responsibilities. (2) increased trading rights, use of authority or position influence as relatives and close to profit violation of the terms of the < New Regulations > absorption < clean politics several guidelines > the relevant provisions spirit, increase the "negative list, including trading rights, the functions and powers or duties of influence as relatives and staff around profit. Increase Article 81" mutual use of office or authority ring for each other and their spouses, children and their spouses and other relatives, around 18 personnel and other specific relationship between the people to seek benefits engage in trading rights, given a warning or serious warning Sanctions; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, shall be expelled from the party. Increase Article 82 "connivance, acquiescence to the spouse, children and spouse etc. relatives and staff around the effect of Party members and cadres personal authority or position for personal gain, if the circumstances are relatively minor, given a warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are relatively serious, giving removed from or placed on probation within the party post; if the circumstances are serious, the given Expelled from the party. Party members and cadres of the spouses, children and their spouses does the actual work and get salary or although the actual work but to receive significantly beyond the same rank salary standard, Party members and cadres informed fails to correct, in accordance with the provisions of the preceding paragraph. "(3) about the gifts, gifts misconduct from handling practices in recent years, engaged in official cadres received gifts, gifts problems more prominent. This has seriously affected the image of Party members and cadres, damaged the relations between the party and the masses, and is a hotbed of corruption, is really necessary for this kind of behavior to be disciplined. < rule > no on accepting gifts, gifts, Card consumption behavior to engage in simple "one size fits all", but the difference between the different separately. One is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting may affect the impartial enforcement of the official gifts, gifts, consumer cards to depending on the seriousness of the case shall be given disciplinary sanctions. That is to say, for may affect the fair execution of business gifts, gifts, consumer cards are not allowed to accept. 19 is in accordance with the provisions of Article 83, accepting was significantly higher than normal ceremony is still exchanges of gifts, gifts, consumer card to disciplinary action. This is new regulations that daily life is purely reciprocity, accepting the same thing, boys , fellow friends gifts, gifts, shopping cards, although and fair execution of business has nothing to do, also want to as the case shall be dealt with, the situation is obviously beyond normal reciprocity ". The so-called" reciprocity ", one is emphasizes the reciprocal in protocol. In other words is you to me how, I to you how, not only does not go. The second is to significantly exceeded the normal local economy level, customs and habits, economic capacity of individual gifts, gift value. Specific sanctions to according to the processing of a variety of factors to consider, as appropriate. The third is the root according to the provisions of Article 84," to Engaged in public service personnel and their spouses and children, children's spouses and other relatives and other specific relationship presented Ming Xianchao normal reciprocity of gifts, gifts, consumer card, if the circumstances are relatively serious, given a warning until probation. "In accordance with the above provisions, gift giving significantly beyond the normal reciprocity, giver constitute the discipline. (4) on illegal trading of stocks or of other regulations of securities investment < > Article 88 is engaged in punishment regulation of camp and activity in violation of the relevant provisions on. Among them, 3 will" buying and selling stocks or in other securities investment "column as one of disciplinary cases Out. First need to be clear, > < regulations did not change the provisions of the Ordinance. The ordinance of the provisions of the second paragraph of Article 77 provisions "who, in violation of the provisions of the sale of stocks" is one of the violation, and at the beginning of the first paragraph of this article "violation of 20 against the relevant provisions of the" textual representation of the repeat revision. In, just from the legislative technique removed the "personal" in violation of the provisions, content and not to change the original provisions. Need to clear is, "buy or sell a stock or of other securities investment" refers to violation of the relevant provisions refers to in April 2001, the Party Central Committee, the State Council promulgated the On the work of the party and government organs staff's personal investment in securities if dry provisions >. According to the provisions of Article 3, use of work time, office facilities, the sale of stocks and securities investment fund belongs to illegal behavior. The fourth question, about the violation of the masses of the disciplinary actions < new regulations > would violate public discipline behavior of a single set of a class of restored "three rules of discipline and eight note" in the discipline of the masses of excellent traditional. < New Regulations > Chapter 9 "to violate the masses of disciplinary action", mainly the destruction of the party's close ties with the masses of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary; enrich and perfect the super standard, beyond the scope of Xiang Qun < All to raise fund and labor, in for involving the public affairs deliberately, chinakayao, in social security, policy support, disaster relief funds and materials and other matters assigned any kind and affectionate friends, obviously unfair acts against the interests of the masses of the disciplinary terms; increase the terms not in accordance with the provisions of the public party provided, government, factory and village (neighborhood) provided etc. violation of the people's right to know the behavior of the discipline. The fifth issue, on the violation of work discipline violation of work discipline added "negative list, including Party organizations carry out strictly Main responsibility for poor discipline terms. (1) the new party organization comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party does not fulfill the 21 or perform poor disciplinary terms < New Regulations > has a lead people to pay attention to the new terms, that is, in chapter ten "on the violation of work discipline behavior punishment" increase in the one hundred and fourteenth "party fail to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility of the party or to perform comprehensive strictly the main responsibility for administering the ineffective, resulting in serious damage or serious adverse effects, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership and give a warning or serious warning. The situation is serious, giving removed from their party posts or on probation Punishment. "Here the changes. For the first time, the main responsibility write < rule >. (2) new shall report does not report or false reporting discipline shall increase the 117 bar" in the higher level units to check to inspect the work or report to the parent unit, work report of shall report the matters do not report or do not report, cause serious damage or serious adverse effects of, to the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership, to give warning or a serious warning; if the circumstances are serious, giving removed from their party posts or placed on probation. "For example, during the tour visits to the region, the unit Members the obligation to the inspection teams to reflect the true situation, to conceal not reported or intentionally to the inspection teams to provide false information, causing serious damage or serious adverse effects of, the person directly responsible and the responsibility of leadership should be in accordance with the provisions of < rule > Article 117 to give the appropriate punishment. (3) the new not granted in accordance with the provisions of punishment, not according to the provisions of the implementation of disciplinary measures 22 violation of the provisions of Article 115 "Party organizations have one of the following circumstances, the direct leadership responsibility. Probation: members were sentenced punished, in accordance with the provisions give disciplinary action or in violation of state law Rules of behavior should be given disciplinary punishment and dispose of; disciplinary punishment by decision or complaint review the decision made, not in accordance with the provisions of the implementation decisions on punishment of the party, position, rank, and the treatment of the matters; Party members subject to disciplinary action, not in accordance with the cadre management authority and organizational relationships of by dispose of Party members to carry out education and supervision of daily management. "What needs to be pointed out is," cliff "demoted with cars, housing, secretary problem, implementation is not a discipline and party posts and ranks treatment by the organization department is responsible for the implementation, with cars, housing by the logistics department is responsible for the implementation of, Ji Commission responsible oversight responsibilities. The six questions, about the acts violating the discipline of life "in violation of discipline of life behavior punishment", mainly to "four winds" problems and a serious violation of social morality, family virtue acts of misconduct made provisions on disciplinary, an increase of extravagant life, contrary to the social public order and good customs disciplinary terms. Worth mentioning is, > < Regulations in Article 150 about "adultery" "mistress (Cardiff) formulation in the new < rule > is removed, to expand the scope of Article 127 provisions" and others hair improper sexual relations, let face disciplinary action Wider more strict. Four, and earnestly do a good job in the < code > and < rule > implement system of life lies in execution. < code > and < Regulations > is 23 Party organizations at all levels of a strong constraint and all Party members follow. Learning and implementing the < code > and < rule > is party committees (party), commission for discipline, discipline inspection group), the majority of Party members and cadres of the common responsibility, must party caught together, the party one execution. () Party committees (party) and play and implement comprehensive strictly the main responsibility, pays special attention to the two party regulations learning cross penetration. One is to Adhere to the party constitution is fundamental to follow, and resolutely safeguard the authority of the Party Chapter. The second is to adhere to the problem oriented, to strictly political discipline and political rule moments in the first place. The third is to adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front must not allow the bottom line to break the discipline. The fourth is to seriously organize the study of propaganda and education, in the city party members to create a disciplined, about the rules of the strong atmosphere. (II) Commission for Discipline Inspection at all levels (Discipline Inspection Group) to an important basis for the revised two party regulations as, adhere to easily blame, strengthen supervision and enforcement And early method in combining Ji, increase accountability efforts. One is to two regulations within the party important basis, adhere to the party constitution duties, with strict discipline to maintain the constitution authority. The second is to adhere to high standards and keep the bottom line, adhere to Ji Yan in law and discipline, the discipline and rules quite in front, grasping grasping small, easily blame, comprehensive use of supervision and discipline of "four kinds of form" in the discipline embodies the strict requirements and care for the discipline, tighten up, Yan. According to discipline in accordance with regulations to carry out disciplinary review. Increase the violations punishment, clues can initiate an investigation on the trial of cases According to the discipline on the provisions of the proportion of processing and control manager maintains discipline. To focus on investigating non convergence, don't accept hand serious disciplinary violations at the same time, pay more attention to the general review of discipline 24 behavior, and gradually increase the lighter punishment. Four is to illuminate two party regulations, combined with the local district of the Department of party conduct Lianzheng to relevant laws and regulations system clean, timely research proposes to establish, change, waste release opinion, avoid conflict, and the fasten system of cage, and gradually formed not rot, not rot, not want to rot system and working mechanism. (3) the leadership of the party members and cadres should play an exemplary role. The rate of higher consciousness of the front of the Ordinance to lead practice self-discipline norms, leading to maintain discipline of seriousness and authority. One is the above rate, demonstration and guidance, take the lead in learning and mastering the < code > and < > the requirements and regulations, do the deep understanding, learning to use. The second is to play an exemplary role in abiding by discipline rate, take the lead in practicing self-discipline norms, firmly establish before the discipline are equal, the system has no privilege, discipline is no exception, and consciously do standards, require more strict measures more practical. Third is to consciously accept supervision, conscientiously participate in the democratic life and debriefing honesty responsibility, such as Real to the party organization to report personal matters, and to accept the supervision of the work and life of the normal, habits under the supervision of the exercise of power, to carry out the work. The fourth is to set an example for the strict enforcement of discipline. Leading cadres should take the lead in the maintenance of discipline of seriousness and authority, to dare to seriously, dare to struggle, dare to offend people, for misconduct not laissez faire, but do not indulge, not tolerate to ensure the party constitution of party compasses party put in place. (4) the majority of Party members and cadres to set high standards and hold the bottom line, consciously abide by the < code > and < rule >. One is to control the < standard > and < 25 cases >, tight Close connection with their own thoughts, practical work and life, efforts to solve the problems, to enhance the study and implement of the effectiveness and pertinence. The second is to establish a high standard and hold the bottom line, consciously in the self-discipline pursuit of high standards, strictly in the party away from the red line discipline, discipline, about the rules and know fear, distrust, the formation of the honor system, comply with the system, safeguard system of good habits. Regulations and discipline regulations of < < New Revision of the Communist Party of China clean fingered self-discipline criterion > and < Chinese Communist Party Disciplinary Regulations > is the Party Central Committee in the new situation to promote the comprehensive strictly root of the lift, the regulations of the party construction of keeping pace with the times. We should study and implement the Standards > and < > as the primary political task, adhere to the party constitution duties, adhere to the discipline of, Ji Yan in law, the full implementation of supervision and discipline accountability responsibilities for coordination and promotion "four overall" strategic layout in XX District vivid practice to provide a strong guarantee. - Si Jian Wu, and effectively enhance the implementation of the implementation of the < code > < > The consciousness of General Secretary Xi pointed out that the party is in charge of the party, to manage the party; strictly, it can cure good party. Criterion > and < rule > keep pace with the times is our party to form a new potential strictly rules, to deepen understanding of the ruling law, is a comprehensive strictly, and strengthen the supervision within the party important grasper. Criterion > closely linked to the theme of self-discipline, self-discipline intensity-modulated, focusing on morality, for the majority of Party members and cadres set to see, feel the high standard, show the Communists noble moral sentiment; District Ordinance < < rule > the constitution of discipline integration into a political discipline, organization and discipline, honesty and discipline, discipline of the masses, work discipline, discipline, emphasize discipline, focusing on established rules, to draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line. Party committees (party) to effectively strengthen the study and publicize the implementation of the < code > and < rule > the organization and leadership of criterion > and < > a full range, multi angle, deep publicity, the formation of study and publicize and implement the boom, in order to consolidate the development of good political environment to create a positive environment and atmosphere. The majority of Party members and cadres to strict requirements, the < rule > and < Ordinance cases > as a guide to action and behavior criterion, adhere to the moral standards and discipline of the bottom line, to maintain the discipline of worship and awe, learning, compliance, and maintain party discipline and rules of the model. The discipline inspection and supervision organs and cadres to the < code > and < > as the deepening of the "three", and strengthen supervision and discipline of accountability is important to follow correctly grasp the use of supervision and discipline of "four types", promote the comprehensive strictly in new roots. Strict discipline, adhere to the discipline and rules quite in front of the enterprise in the implementation of expensive to implement to execute. The discipline inspection and supervision organs to implement the < code > and < Efforts to investigate cases > as an opportunity, adhere to the party should manage the party strictly, serious performance of their duties to promote two regulations implementation. Change discipline concept. From the simple "investigation of illegal" to a comprehensive "stare at violate discipline"; from the business case to prosecute the big cases and timely solve the signs of tilt to. From the orientation to the normal supervision; from the tube "minority" to resist the "most". Guide Party members and cadres to seriously implement the < code > and < rule >, consciously abide by the political, organizational, honest people, work, life six discipline. Urge the leadership cadres sent to play an exemplary role, take the lead in strictly enforced. Relaxation and rest Strong wind is Su Ji, closely linked to the "four winds" prone to multiple, the masses reflect the strong important nodes and, glued to the four winds "new form, new trends, seriously investigate and deal with violations of the central eight provisions of the spirit, to increase the bulletin exposure intensity, the formation of Chajiu" four winds "loudly, continue to release and discipline must be strict signal. At the same time, extended supervision tentacles, through the development of the rural and fishery party conduct Lianzheng construction inspection, issued in a timely manner, Chajiu occurred in grassroots side of corruption and unhealthy, and earnestly safeguard the interests of the masses and social stability. The creativity and discipline. Grasp and make good use of the supervision and discipline of" four types ", to ensure the Promoting clues to lots of discipline and the law of the vacuum tube, strict together. Not only to the "less" and "very few" thorough investigation severely punished, but also the "most" to maintain zero tolerance trend through layers of conductive pressure, let the discipline about the rules for each party members and cadres consciously follow. At present, it is necessary to implement the "list" management, strictly follow the clues to the disposal of five standards, make the classification of disposal, dynamic cleanup. Zadok Party committees at all levels to implement the main responsibility, comprehensive use of disciplinary action and tissue processing and other means to effectively curb the commonplace, used to see do not blame the "small problem", not because of "practice" and "exception". Prominent Discipline characteristics, the problems of violation of discipline and rules into the focus of supervision and discipline and disciplinary review. At the same time, increase case double check the intensity, the serious problems of discipline violations or "four winds" ban but not absolutely, not only to be held directly responsible, but also held leadership responsibility; not only to pursue studies the main responsibility of the Party committee, and to pursue Commission for Discipline Inspection and supervision responsibilities and promote accountability to become the new norm. The implementation of supervisory responsibility. Maintain < code > and < rule > the seriousness and authority of the discipline and rules and truly become the party's ruler. Discipline as supervision within the party the specialized agency, we must strengthen the responsibility to act, adhere to the Impartial discipline accountability, earnestly will be strict discipline, discipline must be punished, and severely punish the acts in violation of rules and regulations.