EN 13445-1-2009 非燃烧压力容器.总则

raising standards worldwide™ NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BSI British Standards Unfired pressure vessels — Part 1: General BS EN 13445-1:2009 BS EN 13445-1:2009 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13445-1:2009. It supersedes BS EN 13445-1:2002+A3:2007 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PVE/1, Pressure vessels. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. © BSI 2009 ISBN 978 0 580 65557 9 ICS 23.020.30 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2009. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affected EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 13445-1 July 2009 ICS 23.020.30 Supersedes EN 13445-1:2002 English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Part 1: General Récipients sous pression non soumis à la flamme - Partie 1 : généralités Unbefeuerte Druckbehälter - Teil 1: Allgemeines This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 June 2009. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION C O M I T É E U R O P É E N D E N O R M A LI S A T I O N EUR OP ÄIS C HES KOM ITEE FÜR NOR M UNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels © 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13445-1:2009: E EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 2 Contents Page Foreword..............................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction .........................................................................................................................................................5 1 Scope ......................................................................................................................................................7 2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................7 3 Terms and definitions ...........................................................................................................................8 4 Interdependency of the parts of the series .........................................................................................9 5 Quantities, symbols and units..............................................................................................................9 Annex A (informative) Using the standard................................................................................................... 12 Annex B (informative) Index .......................................................................................................................... 23 Annex Y (informative) Differences between EN 13445:2002 and EN 13445:2009 .................................... 37 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of the EU Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC ................................................ 38 Bibliography..................................................................................................................................................... 39 BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 3 Foreword This document (EN 13445-1:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by December 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN [and/or CENELEC] shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. This European Standard concerning “Unfired pressure vessels” comprises the following Parts: ⎯ Part 1: General. ⎯ Part 2: Materials. ⎯ Part 3: Design. ⎯ Part 4: Fabrication. ⎯ Part 5: Inspection and testing. ⎯ Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron. ⎯ CR 13445-7, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 7: Guidance on the use of conformity assessment procedures. ⎯ Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium and aluminium alloys. ⎯ CEN/TR 13445-9, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 9: Conformance of EN 13445 series to ISO 16528. Although these Parts may be obtained separately, it should be recognised that the Parts are inter-dependant. As such the manufacture of unfired pressure vessels requires the application of all the relevant Parts in order for the requirements of the Standard to be satisfactorily fulfilled. Corrections to the standard interpretations where several options seem possible are conducted through the Migration Help Desk (MHD). The link and information related to the Help Desk can be found at http://www.cen.eu/cenorm/sectors/sectors/mechanicalengineering/pressure/index.asp. A form for submitting questions can be downloaded from the link to the MHD website. After subject experts have agreed an answer, the answer will be communicated to the questioner. Corrected pages will be given specific issue number and issued by CEN according to CEN Rules. Interpretation sheets will be posted on the website of the MHD. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 4 This document supersedes EN 13445-1:2002. This new edition incorporates the Amendments which have been approved previously by CEN members, and the corrected pages up to Issue 36 without any further technical change. Annex Y provides details of significant technical changes between this European Standard and the previous edition. Amendments to this new edition may be issued from time to time and then used immediately as alternatives to rules contained herein. It is intended to deliver a new Issue of EN 13445:2009 each year, consolidating these Amendments and including other identified corrections. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 5 Introduction EN 13445 specifies the requirements for design, construction, inspection and testing of unfired pressure vessels. It defines terms, definitions and symbols applicable to unfired pressure vessels. NOTE In EN 13445 the term pressure vessel includes the welded attachments up to and including the nozzle flanges, screwed or welded connections, or the edge to be welded at the first circumferential weld at connecting piping or other elements. The term unfired excludes vessels that are subject to direct generated heat or flame impingement from a fired process. This does not exclude vessels subject to electrical heating or heated process streams. In Parts 2 to 5 only pressure vessels manufactured from steels and steel castings as detailed in Part 2 of this standard are covered. Parts 6 and 8 specifically deal with vessels of spheroidal graphite cast iron and aluminium, respectively, where special considerations apply. Part 1 This part contains general information on the scope of the standard as well as terms, definitions, quantities, symbols and units which are applied throughout the standard. NOTE It is intended to revise EN 764-2:2002 for consistence, with EN 13445. Part 2 This part deals with the general philosophy on materials, material grouping and low temperature behaviour. It is limited to steel with sufficient ductility and, for components operating in the creep range, sufficient creep ductility. Part 2 also provides the general requirements for establishing technical delivery conditions and the requirements for marking of material. Part 3 This part of the standard gives the rules to be used for design and calculation under internal and/or external pressure (as applicable), local loads and actions other than pressure. The rules provided are both design by formulae (DBF), design by analysis (DBA) and design by experiment (DBE). The part also sets the requirements for when fatigue analysis must be performed and the rules to be followed when this is the case. NOTE Collaborative work is in hand to harmoniz flange design across European standards. Part 4 This part is based on existing good practice in previous national European Standards on manufacturing. It covers forming, welding procedures and welding qualification, production testing, and post weld heat treatment and repairs. Rules are also provided for material traceability and tolerances. Part 5 This part covers all those inspection and testing activities associated with the verification of the pressure vessel for compliance with the standard, including design review by the manufacturer and supporting technical documentation, NDT and other inspection activities including document control, material traceability, joint preparation and welding. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 6 The level of testing is driven by the selection of the vessel testing group. Basically, the testing group determines the level of NDT and the joint coefficient used in the design. In terms of NDT, the overall philosophy has been the general adoption of EN ISO 5817:2003 quality level 'C' for predominantly non-cyclic loaded vessels and level 'B' for vessels subject to cyclic loadings. Part 6 This part contains special rules for material, design, fabrication, inspection, and testing of pressure vessels made from spheroidal graphite cast iron. In general the rules in the relevant parts of parts 2–5 apply with additions and exceptions outlined in this part. Part 7 This part gives guidance on how to use the conformity assessment procedures in the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. It is not a standard, but merely a CEN Technical Report. Part 8 This part contains special rules for material, design, fabrication, inspection, and testing of pressure vessels made from aluminium and aluminium alloys. In general the rules in the relevant parts of parts 2–5 apply with additions and exceptions outlined in this part. Part 9 This part details the conformance of the whole EN 13445 series to ISO 16528-1 "Boilers and pressure vessels — Part 1: Performance requirements". This is a CEN Technical Report. The first edition is limited to vessels of steel construction, but will be amended later to include spheroidal graphite cast iron and aluminium. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 7 1 Scope 1.1 This part of this European Standard defines the terms, definitions, quantities, symbols and units that are used throughout the EN 13445. It also contains instructions on how to use the standard (Annex A) as well as an index which covers the whole standard (Annex B). This information is aimed to aid the user of the EN 13445. This European Standard applies to unfired pressure vessels with a maximum allowable pressure greater than 0,5 bar gauge but may be used for vessels operating at lower pressures, including vacuum. NOTE The selection, application and installation of safety related accessories intended to protect pressure vessels during operation are covered in EN 764-7. 1.2 Exclusions This European Standard is not applicable to pressure equipment of the following types: a) transportable pressure equipment; b) items specifically designed for nuclear use, the failure of which may cause a release of radioactivity; c) pressure equipment intended for the generation of steam or superheated water at temperatures higher than 110 °C; d) vessels of riveted construction; e) vessels of lamellar cast iron or any other materials not included in parts 2, 6, or 8 of the standard; f) multilayered, autofrettaged or pre-stressed vessels; g) pipelines and industrial piping. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates, by dated or undated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments) EN 764-1:2004, Pressure Equipment — Part 1: Terminology — Pressure, temperature, volume, nominal size. EN 764-2:2002, Pressure Equipment — Part 2: Quantities, symbols and units. EN 764-3:2002, Pressure Equipment — Part 3: Definition of parties involved. EN 13445-2:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 2: Materials. EN 13445-3:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 3: Design. EN 13445-4:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 4: Fabrication. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 8 EN 13445-5:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 5: Inspection and testing. EN 13445-6:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron. EN 13445-8:2009, Unfired pressure vessels — Part 8: Additional requirements for pressure vessels of aluminium and aluminium alloys. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 764-1:2004, EN 764-2:2002 and EN 764-3:2002 and the following apply. 3.1 main pressure bearing parts parts which constitute the envelope under pressure, essential for the integrity of the equipment 3.2 pressure vessel housing and its direct attachments up to the coupling point connecting it to other equipment, designed and built to contain fluids under pressure NOTE A vessel may be composed of more than one chamber. 3.3 fluid gas, liquid and vapour in their pure phase as well as mixtures thereof NOTE A fluid may contain a suspension of solids. 3.4 piping pipe or system of pipes, tubing, fittings, expansion joints, hoses or other pressure-bearing components, intended for the transport of fluid, connected together and integrated into a pressure system 3.5 assembly several pieces of pressure equipment assembled by a manufacturer to constitute an integrated and functional whole 3.6 pipelines piping or system of piping designed for the conveyance of any fluid or substance to or from an installation (onshore or offshore) starting from and including the first isolation device located within the installation and including all the annexed equipment designed specifically for pipelines 3.7 maximum allowable pressure (PS) maximum pressure for which the pressure vessel is designed as specified by the manufacturer 3.8 maximum/minimum allowable temperature (TS) maximum/minimum temperature for which the pressure vessel is designed as specified by the manufacturer 3.9 testing group one of the four groups designed to specify the extent of non-destructive testing and destructive testing necessary in association with joint coefficient, material grouping, welding process, maximum thickness, service temperature range BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 9 NOTE The testing group of a vessel is not linked to the hazard category. 3.10 joint coefficient reduction coefficient related to the testing group and which is applied to the nominal design stress 3.11 required thickness thickness excluding corrosion or any other allowances specified in EN 13445 3.12 hazard category category of the pressure vessel taking into account the potential hazards 3.13 testing factor a factor taking into account the amount of NDT testing in castings, applied on the nominal design stress 3.14 material manufacturer individual or organization that produces material in the basic product form used in the manufacture of pressure equipment 3.15 manufacturer individual or organization that is responsible for design, fabrication, testing, inspection, installation of pressure equipment and assemblies where relevant NOTE 1 The manufacturer may subcontract one or more of the above mentioned tasks under its responsibility. NOTE 2 In EU member states the manufacturer is responsible for compliance with the Pressure Equipment Directive 97/23/EC. For those manufacturers outside the EU their authorized representative inside the EU assumes this responsibility. 3.16 weldment weld metal, heat affected zone and adjacent base material(s) 4 Interdependency of the parts of the series Parts 2 to 6 and part 8 of EN 13445, together with Part 1, form a consistent set of specifications which shall be followed for compliance to the standard. NOTE Parts 7 and 9 of this series are published as a CEN Report and a CEN Technical Report respectively. They are not European Standards. 5 Quantities, symbols and units Quantities, symbols and units to be used for pressure equipment shall be in accordance with Tables 5-1 and 5-2 and EN 764-2:2002 NOTE 1 Other symbols used in specific parts of this European Standard are tabulated in the relevant part. BS EN 13445-1:2009 EN 13445-1:2009 (E) Issue 1 (2009-07) 10 NOTE 2 The choice of the appropriate multiple (decimal multiple or sub-multiple) of a unit is governed by convenience, the multiple chosen for a particular application being one which should lead to numerical values within a practical range. Therefore when indicating quantities it is recommended that decimal multiple or sub-multiple quantities be ch