氧化铝生产计算手册

PAGE/NUMPAGES常用元素原子量常用元素原子量表元素名称氢碳氮氧钠镁铝硅硫氯钾钙钛铁铜锌镓元素符号HCNONaMgALSiSCLKgCaTiFeCuZnGa原子量1121416232427283235.53940485663.56570常用化合物分子量常用化合物分子量表化合物名称分子式分子量化合物分子式分子量氧化铝Al2O3102一氧化碳CO28氧化钠Na2O62二氧化碳CO244二氧化硅SiO260二氧化硫SO264三氧化二铁Fe2O3160三氧化硫SO380氧化亚铁FeO72硫化亚铁FeS88双氧水H2O234．02二硫化亚铁FeS2120氧化钙CaO56氢氧化铝Al(OH)378氧化镁MgO40氢氧化钠NaOH40二氧化钛TiO280氢氧化钙Ca(OH)274氧化钾K2O94一水硬铝石Al2O.H2O120水H2O18铝酸钠NaAlO282三氧化二镓Ga2O3187NaAl(OH)4104五氧化二矾V2O5182Na2O.Al2O3164硅酸钠Na2SiO3122原硅酸钙2CaO.SiO2172碳酸钠Na2CO3106钛酸钙2CaO.TiO2192碳酸氢钠NaHCO384CaO.TiO2136一水碳酸钠Na2CO3.H2O124铝硅酸钠Na2O.Al2O31.7SiO2.2H2O302硫酸钠Na2SO4142硫代硫酸钠Na2S2O3158镓酸钠NaGaO2125氯化钠NaCl58.5碳酸镓钠Na2O.G2O3.2CO2.225H2O373～427碳酸钙CaCO3100硫酸钡BaSO4233.4碳酸氢钙Ca(HCO3)2162.12铝酸钙3CaO.Al2O3.6H2O378常用分子量比值分子比比值使用情况Al2O3/Na2O1.645溶液中Na2O与Al2O3的重量比乘以1.645等于αk即αk＝[Na2O]/[Al2O3]＝Na2O/Al2O3×1.645Na2O/Al2O30.608溶液中αk＝1时，1公斤Al2O3结合的Na2O量Na2O/1.7SiO20.608理论硅渣中Na2与SiO2的重量比Al2O3/1.7SiO21.000理论硅渣中Al2O3与SiO2的重量比SiO2/CaO1.07计算生料熟料中钙比的系数，即[C]/[S]＝CaO/SiO2×1.07Na2CO3/Na2O1.71由Na2O量求当量Na2CO3量的系数Na2CO3.H2O/Na2O2.00由Na2O量求当量结晶一水苏打量的系数Na2SO4/Na2O2.29由Na2O量求当量Na2SO4量的系数Al2O3/Fe2O30.637求Fe2O3与Al2O3分子比时的系数即Fe2O3/Al2O3×0.637Na2O/K2O0.658由K2O量求当量Na2O量的系TiO2/CaO1.43求CaO与TiO2分子比时的系数即Ca/TiO2×1.43我厂实测各种固体物料比重表名称化学成份％真比重SiO2Fe2O3Al2O3CaONa2OTiO2MgO灼碱A/SF/A2#贾沟高铁铝矿4.5523.3554.4--3.20-12.200.2973.763#贾沟低铁铝矿7.212.2071.30--3.87-9.8810.197*3.144#贾沟低铁铝矿8.652.7069.60--4.83-8.050.023.231#小关普铝矿15.440.7066.20----4.270.00683.16小关石灰石矿2.220.602.2054.3--0.13---2.731#宜阳石灰石矿2.090.501.0052.5--1.9243.4--2.54拜尔法分离赤泥*14.495.6026.9022.0----1.852.84拜耳法分离赤泥16.825.7029.7018.205.701.762.71拜耳一次洗涤赤泥*14.766.3529.3018.001.982.85拜耳二次洗涤赤泥*15.176.1029.2018.201.932.85拜耳末洗涤赤泥*15.176.4528.9018.601.912.88拜耳末次洗涤18.55.4031.5018.409.551.702.60烧结法溶出赤泥19.626.503.8042.681.607.250.9110.513.10烧结法弃赤泥20.527.806.0039.312.056.980.717.563.37矿渣22.782.8525.2011.72*12.602.110.25-2.61混合Al(OH)30.0230.021--0.41634.982.38混合Al2O30.0230.0210.4480.483.37炭分Al(OH)30.0820.0220.2982.44炭分Al2O30.0810.0290.3573.80石灰**3.16石灰**3.12*---为跑浑期间测定值**---测定时使用溶剂为苯，比重0.877～0.879计算时按0.88计。碱赤泥浆水份、比重对照表比重比重尾数0.000.010.020.030.040.050.060.070.080.09水份％1.366.0065.3864.8464.0963.4462.7862.1561.4160.8260.181.459.5358.8858.2457.5956.7456.2955.6555.0654.3553.761.553.0652.3851.6451.0950.4449.7949.1548.5047.8547.201.646.5945.8845.0444.5943.7443.2942.6542.0041.3540.70生料浆水份、比重对照表生料浆水份比重生料浆水份比重331.710411.614341.698421.602351.686431.590361.674441.578371.662451.566381.650461.554391.638471.542401.626481.530生料浆的水份和比重的关系可用下列方程式表示：γ＝2.106-0.012×Wγ---生料浆的比重Ｗ---生料浆的水份(％)生料浆水份与熟料折合比对照表水份％折合比(t/M3)水份％折合比(t/M3)水份％折合比(t/M3)36.00.80338.60.75341.20.70636.20.79938.80.74941.40.70236.40.79539.00.74641.60.69836.60.791*39.20.74341.80.69436.80.781*39.40.73942.00.69137.00.78339.60.73542.20.68737.20.78039.80.73142.40.68337.40.77640.00.72842.60.68037.60.77240.20.72442.80.67737.80.76940.40.72043.00.67438.00.76540.60.71643.20.67138.20.76140.80.71243.40.66838.40.75741.00.70943.60.655*43.80.66244.20.65644.60.65044.00.65944.40.65344.80.647注：此表为未掺煤时之定值生产上各种铝酸钠溶液的比重及粘度溶液名称温度℃溶液成份　克/升测定值计算比重NTANKNsαK比重粘度(厘泊)烧结法粗液30130.2110.279.022.01.181.2353.400601.2131.582801.1991.0601.205951.1890.834烧结法精液30111.8100.9885.020.01.3821.2413.460601.2181.595801.2051.0801.209951.1950.840名称温度℃溶液成份(克/升)测定值计算比重NTANkNSαK比重粘度(厘泊)烧结法沉降一次洗液3051.654.642.011.311.2641.1160.820601.0990.792*801.0820.7201.092951.0700.595拜尔法粗液30175.4137.8152.08.51.811.3096.540601.2802.480801.2751.6551.275951.2701.225拜尔法精液30177.0138.5154.08.351.831.3086.460601.2882.510801.2741.6701.276951.2691.250拜尔法沉降一次洗液3097.078.6184.05.881.761.1800.859601.1601.376801.1480.9661.151951.1350.910种分母液30166.076.98146.08.713.121.2645.360601.2492.255801.2321.5151.236951.2271.189种分蒸发母液30300.0146.7282.04.063.161.41723.45601.4067.005801.3913.9881.388951.3772.818烧结法粗液70117.6130.929623*1.246-801.235-1.233901.228-1001.222-炭分蒸发母液70124.018.752819.561.212-801.200-1.202901.185-1001.165-拜尔法粗液70164.4141.121477*1.272-801.260-1.261901.251-1001.239-拜尔法精液70168.0140.14149.07*1.269-801.266-1.265901.258-1001.248-注：*假定值，末实际测定；**按公式(6)计算，并作Ns考虑。饱和水蒸汽表(按压力编排)绝对压力(公斤/厘米)饱和温度(℃)干饱和蒸汽的比容(米3/公斤)干饱和蒸汽的密度(公斤/米3)含热量(千/公斤)汽化潜热(千卡/公斤)液体i'汽i"0.016.69131.700.007606.7599.8593.10.0217.268.270.0146517.2604.4587.20.0428.635.460.0282028.6609.4580.80.0635.824.190.0413435.8612.6576.80.0841.218.450.0542041.1614.8573.80.1045.414.950.0668745.4616.8571.40.2059.77.7950.128359.6622.8563.20.3068.75.3280.187668.6626.6558.00.4075.44.0690.245675.4629.5554.10.5080.93.3010.302780.8631.7550.90.6085.52.7830.359185.4633.5548.10.7089.52.4090.414889.4635.1545.10.8093.02.1250.469993.0636.5543.50.9096.21.9040.524796.2637.8541.91.0099.11.7250.579099.1638.9539.81.20104.21.4560.6867104.3640.8536.51.40108.71.2610.7932108.7642.5533.71.60112.71.1130.8986112.9644.0531.11.80116.30.9971.003116.5645.3528.82.0119.60.90161.107119.9646.5526.63.0132.90.61661.619113.4651.0517.64.0142.90.47062.121143.6654.1510.55.0151.1*0.3816*2.616*150.1*656.6*504.56.0158.10.32133.106159.3658.5499.27.0164.20.27783.594165.6660.0494.48.0169.60.24484.079171.3661.3490.09.0174.50.21894.562176.4662.4486.010179.00.19815.043181.2663.3482.111183.20.18085.524185.6664.1478.512187.10.16646.006189.7664.7475.013190.70.15416.484193.6665.4471.814194.10.14356.963197.2665.8468.615197.40.13437.443200.7666.3465.616200.40.12627.937204.0666.7462.717203.40.11908.410207.2667.0459.818206.20.11268.889210.2667.3457.119208.80.10689.372213.1667.6454.520211.40.10169.862215.9667.8451.921213.90.0968110.33218.6667.9449.322216.20.0924210.82221.2668.1446.923218.50.0885011.30223.7668.2444.524220.80.0848211.79226.2668.3442.125222.90.0815012.27228.6668.4439.826225.00.0783712.76230.9668.4437.527227.00.0754713.25233.1668.4435.328229.00.0728313.73235.3668.4433.129230.90.0702714.23237.4668.4431.030232.80.0680214.72239.5668.4428.9*35241.40.0581717.19249.3668.1418.840249.20.0507819.71258.3667.6409.350262.70.0402424.93274.1666.0391.960274.30.0331030.21288.4665.0376.670284.50.0279535.78300.9662.1361.280293.60.0240441.60312.6658.9346.390301.90.0209647.71323.6655.1311.5100309.50.0184554.44334.5621.3*316.8200364.20.00620165.6435.0581.0146.0过热蒸汽焓表(千卡/公斤)过热温度绝对压力(公斤/厘米2)(℃)101112131415161718192021180663.6-----------190669.8668.2666.6---------200675.6674.3672.7672.1669.8668.2------210681.2680.1678.6677.5676.2675.0673.3672.0670.2668.7--220686.7685.7684.4683.4682.2681.2679.8673.7677.2675.9674.6673.2230692.1691.1690.0689.0688.0687.0685.8684.7683.5682.3681.2680.0240697.4696.4695.5694.5693.6692.6691.5690.4689.4688.3687.3686.2250702.6701.7700.8699.9699.0698.1697.0696.0695.1694.1693.2692.1260707.7706.9706.0705.2704.3703.5702.4701.5700.7699.8698.9697.9270712.8712.0711.2710.4709.5708.8707.8707.1706.3705.4704.5703.7280717.8717.1716.4715.6714.6714.1713.2712.6711.8711.0710.2709.4290722.9722.2721.5720.8719.8719.4718.6718.0717.3716.5715.8715.1300728.0727.3726.6726.0725.1724.7724.0723.3722.8722.0721.3720.7310733.1732.5731.8731.2730.4729.9729.3728.5728.2727.4726.8726.2320738.3737.6737.0736.4735.7735.1734.6733.8733.5732.8732.3731.6330743.4742.7742.2741.6741.0740.4739.9739.2738.8738.2737.8737.1340748.5747.9747.4746.8746.3745.7745.2744.6744.1743.6743.2742.5350753.6753.0752.6752.0751.5751.0750.5750.4749.5749.0748.5748.0360758.7758.1757.7757.2756.7756.3755.7755.3754.8754.3753.8753.4370763.8763.3762.8762.4761.9761.5761.0760.6760.1759.6759.1758.7380768.9768.4768.0767.6767.1766.7766.3765.8765.3764.9764.5764.1390774.0773.6773.2772.7772.3771.9771.5771.1770.6770.2769.8769.4400779.1778.8778.3777.9777.5777.1776.7776.4775.9775.5775.1774.7℃)222324252627282930313233220671.8670.2----------230678.6677.3676.0674.5673.1671.7670.5-----240684.9683.9682.7681.5680.1678.9677.7676.4675.1673.7672.4671.0250691.0690.1689.0687.9686.8685.7684.5683.3682.1681.2679.7678.6260697.0696.1695.1694.1693.2692.2691.1690.0688.9688.1686.7685.8270702.9702.0701.1700.2699.4698.5697.5696.5695.5694.7693.5692.7280708.7707.8707.0706.2705.4704.6703.7702.8701.9701.1700.1699.3290714.4713.5712.8712.1711.3710.5709.7708.9708.1707.3706.5705.7300720.0719.2718.5717.8717.1716.3715.6714.8714.1713.4712.7711.9310725.5724.8724.2723.4722.8722.1721.4720.7720.0719.4718.7718.0320731.0730.3729.8729.0728.5727.8727.2726.5725.9725.3724.6724.0330736.5735.8735.3734.7734.2733.5732.9732.3731.7731.1730.5729.9340742.0741.3740.8740.3739.8739.2738.6738.1737.5736.9736.4735.8350747.5746.9746.4745.9745.4744.8744.3743.8743.3742.7742.2741.6360752.9752.4751.9751.4750.9750.4*749.9749.4749.0748.4747.9747.3370753.8757.8757.3756.8756.4755.9755.4755.0754.6754.1753.5753.0380763.6763.1762.7768.3761.8761.4760.9760.5760.1759.7759.1758.6390769.0768.5768.1767.7767.2766.9766.4766.0765.6765.2764.6764.2400774.3773.9773.4773.1772.6773.3771.9771.4771.1770.7770.1769.8410779.6779.2778.8778.4778.0777.7777.3776.9776.5776.2775.6775.3420784.9784.5784.1783.8783.4783.1782.7782.3781.9781.6781.1780.8430790.2789.8789.5789.2788.8788.5788.1787.7787.4787.0786.6786.3440795.5795.1794.8791.5*794.2793.8793.5793.1792.8792.4792.1791.8450800.7800.4800.1799.8799.5799.1798.8798.4798.1797.8797.5797.2460806.0805.7805.4805.1804.8804.4804.1803.8803.5803.2802.9802.6470811.3811.0810.7810.4810.1809.7809.4809.2808.9808.6808.3808.0480816.6816.3816.2*815.7815.4815.1814.8814.6814.3814.0813.7813.4490821.9821.6821.3821.0820.8820.5820.2820.0819.7819.4819.1818.9500*********824.8824.5824.3(℃)343536373839404244464850240669.6-----------250677.5676.2675.0637.8672.3671.2669.8-----260684.9683.8682.8681.7680.2679.3678.1675.3672.4669.7--270691.9690.9690.0689.0687.6686.8685.8683.5681.2678.8676.6674.0280698.6697.7696.8695.7694.6693.9693.0691.0689.0686.9684.8682.6290705.0704.2703.3702.5701.3700.7699.7698.1696.3694.4672.5690.7300711.2710.5709.6708.9707.8707.3706.6704.9*703.3701.6699.9698.4310717.3716.6715.8715.2714.2713.7713.1711.5710.0708.5707.0705.5320723.4722.6722.0721.4720.5720.0719.4717.9716.5715.1713.8712.3330729.4728.6728.1727.5726.7726.2725.6724.2722.9721.6720.4719.0340735.3734.6734.1733.5732.8732.3731.7730.4729.2728.0726.8725.6350741.1740.5740.0739.4738.8738.3737.7736.5735.4734.3733.1732.0360746.8746.3745.8745.2744.7744.2743.6742.5741.5740.5739.3738.3370752.5752.0751.5751.0750.5750.0749.4748.5747.5746.6745.4744.5380758.2757.7757.2756.8756.3755.8755.3754.4753.5752.6751.5750.6390763.8763.3762.9762.5762.0761.6761.1760.3759.4758.5757.5756.6400769.4768.9768.5768.2767.7767.3766.8766.1765.2764.3763.5762.6410774.9774.5774.1773.8773.3772.9772.1*771.8**769.4768.9*420780.4780.0779.7779.4778.9778.5778.1777.4776.6775.8775.2774.3430785.9785.5785.2784.9784.5784.1783.7783.0782.3781.5780.9780.0440791.3791.0790.7790.4790.0789.7789.3788.6788.0787.3786.5785.8450796.8796.5796.2795.9795.5795.2794.9794.2793.6793.0792.2791.5460802.3802.0801.6801.3801.0800.7800.4799.8799.1798.6797.8797.2(℃)343536373839404244464850470807.7807.4807.0806.7806.3806.2805.9805.4804.7804.1803.4802.9480813.2812.9812.5812.2812.0811.7811.4810.9810.3809.7809.1808.6490818.6818.4818.0817.7817.5817.2816.9816.4815.9815.3814.7814.2500824.1823.8823.5823.2823.0822.7822.4821.9821.4820.8820.3819.8第二章技术指标与工艺计算αK:苛性比值。是铝酸钠溶液的重要特性函数之一,是溶液稳定程度的参数，与碳分分解和种分分解密切关系。它是溶液中所含的苛性氧化钠(Na2O苛)与氧化铝分子数的比值。式中Na2O苛,Al2O3－－分别为溶液中Na2O苛与Al2O3的含量，克/升；62.102－－－分别为Na2O与Al2O3分子量。从公式可见，苛性比值在数量上等于溶液中的Na2O苛和Al2O3的重量比与系数1.645的乘积。（2）A/S:铝硅比。铝土矿、赤泥等固体物料或各种溶液中所含Al2O3和SiO2重量比。在固体物料中在各种溶液中式中：Al2O3(％)、SiO2(％)－－－分别为各种物料中Al2O3和SiO2的百分含量，％;Al2O3(g/l)、SiO2(g/l)－－－分别为各种溶液中Al2O3和SiO2的浓度，g/l。各种溶液的铝硅比A/S又叫硅量指数，脱硅所产精液的A/S又叫脱硅指数。（3）L/S和固含：L/S称液固比，即各种浆液中液体和固体的重量比。固含为单位浆液体积内的固体含量，单位为克/升或公斤/米3。即浆液中液体与固体之比重量与重量之比。即浆液中液体重量与固体重量之比。式中d浆－－－液相的比重d固－－－固相的比重d浆－－－浆液的比重2、体积重量比。即浆液中溶液的体积与固体重量比。主要用于熟料溶出时，根据浆液中溶液的体积和固体的重量比，计算1升调整液应加入的熟料量。÷3、压缩液固比(L/S)压：取一定体积(如100厘米3)的泥浆，经过一定时间的静止压缩沉降后，压缩赤泥中的液固比叫压缩液固比。为公式d浆换算或压缩泥浆比重即得液固比的公式：式中d压浆－－－压缩泥浆比重d压浆-4、固含。即1升浆液中所含固体的重量，g/l。注：浮游物含量概念同固含。主要指1升铝酸钠溶液所含悬浮物的量，g/l注：式中：w固体的重量，gv浆液的体积，l或：固含：式中：L/S重量比之液固比d液组成浆液之溶液比重d固组成浆液之固体比重(4)含水率：即含水固体物料中，水份含量的重量百分比。亦称附着水水份。含水率%＝（5）细度：即采用不同筛目，将干燥的固体粒子过筛后，筛上残留与固体粒子重量之百分比。细度%＝式中：g－筛上残留物的质量，gw－试样的质量，g（6）[CaO]/[TiO2]:CaO与TiO2的分子比。(分子式外面加[]，表示克分子或分子数。)式中CaO、TiO2－－－分别为矿石或赤泥中CaO和TiO2的百分含量.％当[CaO]/[TiO2]=2时.当[CaO]/[TiO2]＝2.5时（7）高压溶出的配料设循环母液中的Na2Ok浓度为nk克/升，Al2O3浓度为a克/升矿石中Al2O2含量为A％SiO2含量为S％TiO2含量为T％当溶出以后的αk＝1.645时，则母液中的有效碱浓度为Nk－a克/升：如预期溶出赤泥中的A/S＝b，N/S＝d，则每1000公斤铝矿石中将有(A-bS)×10公斤Al2O3进入溶液，需配碱(A-bS)×10公斤，赤泥中损失碱10dS公斤，共需配循环母液：即吨式中d母－－－循环母液比重当[CaO]/[TiO2]＝2.5时1吨矿石需配石灰1.75T/C.吨式中C－－－石灰中CaO的含量，％则配料÷这就是当溶出αk1.645时的配料公式。在一车间现行配料中，把公式作了如下简化：⑴设母液比重≈1.4;⑵设石灰添加量为矿石量的10％，即令1.75T/C＝0.1；⑶根据 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要求αk1.58～1.62A/S＝1.8～2.2，将公式中bS和dS简化为一个系数K，K＝0.8～0.9因此配料公式为：÷1.1=12.7k说明：⑴如矿石中Al2O3量为70％，SiO27％，TiO24％，则公式中的A＝70，S=7，T=4；⑵石灰加入量为矿石量的10％时，[CaO]与[TiO2的分子比大于2.5。⑶生产上可按K＝0.85计算，编算配料单，并定时根据溶出矿浆αk于或低于指标定值的情况，在0.8～0.9的范围内以减小或增大K值(一般说，矿石A/S较高时，其K值偏小)的办法进行调整。⑷不同溶出αk赤泥A/S和N/S情况下的配料公式{[CaO]/[TiO2＝2.5]为式中αa－－－预期溶出液αk；0.608－－－当溶液αk＝1时，Na2Ok与Al2O3的重量比，其它符号意义同上。例三：设矿石中Al2O3含量为70％，SiO2含量为7％，TiO2含量为4％，石灰中CaO含量为85％，循环母液比重1.4，其中Na2Ok和Al2O3和浓度分别为280克/升和140克/升，预期溶出赤泥A/Sb＝2，N/Sd＝0.4(溶出液αk＝1.58～1.62)，k值按0.85计算，试分别按公式(23)和(24)求溶出配料L/S。解：按公式(23)计算得÷÷按公式(24)计算得：（8）碱比[N]/[A]＋[F]－－－干生料中Na2O与Al2O3和Fe2O3之分子比，简写为N/R。生料浆N/R＝熟料N/R＝熟料F/A＝式中Na2O、Al2O3、Fe2O3－－－分别为Na2O、Al2O3、Fe2O3的百分含量，％；62、102、160－－－分别为Na2O、Al2O3、Fe2O3的分子量。（9）钙比[C]/[S]：干生料或熟料中CaO与SiO2的分子比。真钙比[C]/[S]：式中CaO、SiO2－－－分别为干生料或熟料中CaO和SiO2的百分含量，％；56、60－－－分别为CaO、SiO2的分子量。（10）石灰石分解率η(％)：式中C石灰石－－－石灰石中含CaO量，％；C石灰－－－生石灰中含CaO量，％CO2(石灰中灼碱)＝－－石灰石中CO2含量〖CO2石灰中灼碱)＝C石灰石×44/55〗，％；44、56－－－分别为CO2与CaO的分子量。（11）石灰产出率Q：即每吨石灰石产石灰量(吨)，如不考虑焦炭灰份量，则：符号意义同上：（12）石灰炉产CO2量ＶCO2ＶCO2＝(ＶCO2石灰石＋ＶCO2焦炭)×90％ＶCO2石灰石＝Ｗ石灰石×C石灰石％×η石灰石％×÷CO2浓度％；＝Ｗ石灰石×÷CO2浓度％ＶCO2焦炭＝Ｗ焦炭×C炭％×η炭然×÷CO2浓度％式中ＶCO2－－－石灰炉产CO2，(千米3)；ＶCO2石灰石－－－石灰石分解产CO2，(千米3)；ＶCO2焦炭－－－焦炭燃烧产CO2，(千米3)；90％－－－石灰炉CO2，收率，％；Ｗ石灰石－－－入炉合格石灰石量，吨；C石灰石－－－石灰石中CaO含量，％；η石灰石－－－石灰石分解率，％；C石灰－－生石灰中CaO含量，％；Ｗ焦炭－－入炉焦炭量，吨；44、12－－－CO2分子量和C的原子量；C炭－焦炭中固定炭含量，％；η炭然－－焦炭燃烧程度，％；22.4－－－在 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状况下，克分子(或吨分子)气体所占的体积，单位为升/克分子或(千米3)/吨分子.（13）烧结法配料烧结法配料考虑的指标有A/S、C/S、N/(A＋F)和含水率.生料浆在烧结过程中加入了煤灰，同时各成份不一定按同样的比例损失，因此生料浆和熟料的A/S、C/S、N/(A＋F)各有一定的差值，应经常根据现场的差值和技术操作规程对熟料成份的要求，调整生料浆中各比值.现以N/R＝0.99、C/S＝2.15、A/S＝2.8，作生料浆配料计算示例。为避免解复杂的联立方程，计算上作一定的简化。我们不考虑石灰石(或石灰)中的Al2O3和Fe2含量，将碱比按提高0.01即1.00计算；在计算A/S时不考虑石灰石中的SiO2，将A/S按提高0.25即3.05计算：假定物料成份如下：名称成份%Al2O3SiO2Fe2OCaONa2H2比重碱赤泥浆20.59.04.09.022.0551.47矿石5713.12.402.5石灰石3.0512.0碱粉57.0根据上述成份，以100米3赤泥浆为基础进行物料计算，碱赤泥浆中：水量100×1.47×0.55＝80.85吨固体100×1.47－80.85＝66.15吨其中Al2O366.15×0.205＝13.56吨SiO266.15×0.09＝5.95吨Fe2O366.15×0.04＝2.65吨CaO66.15×0.09＝5.95吨Na2O66.15×0.22＝14.55吨若要求A/S＝3.05，配入矿石量为X，则：X＝26.91吨26.91吨矿石中各成份重量为：Al2O326.91×0.57＝15.13吨SiO226.91×0.131＝3.52吨Fe2O326.91×0.024＝0.66吨附着水×0.025＝0.69吨(0.975=1-0.025))将100米3碱赤泥浆和26.91吨矿石中各成份相加：Al2O3SiO2Fe2O3CaONa2OH2O干料碱赤泥浆13.565.952.655.9514.5580.8566.15矿石15.133.520.660.6926.91混矿28.699.473.315.9514.5581.5493.06石灰石中有效CaO量：CaO效=51-需配入CaO量：9.47×需配入石灰石量：附着水：式中51、3－－－石灰石中CaO和SiO2含量，％；9.47、5.95－－－混矿中SiO2和CaO的重量，吨；2.15－－－要求的钙比；1.07－－－为SiO2与CaO分子量之比值；2－－－湿石灰石中附着水量，％；石灰石(或石灰)中含有Al2O3和Fe2O3，但未作 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，因此计算混矿配碱份量时，应把碱比提高0.01，而按1.0计算，则：混矿需配入的Na2O为：N式中28.69~3.31－－－分别为混矿中Al2O3与Fe2O3的重量，吨；需配入碱粉量：吨式中0.57－－－碱粉中Na2O含量，％；因而得入磨物料各成份重量，计算如下表物料名称重量(吨)注：100米3已配入煤Al2O3SiO2Fe2O3CaONa2OH2O干料碱赤泥浆13.565.952.655.9514.5580.8566.15铝矿石15.133.520.6614.840.6926.91石灰石0.874.1829.09碱粉7.33生料浆28.6910.343.3120.7918.7382.11129.48生料浆各项指标复核如下：铝硅比A/S=碱比=钙比C/S=水份H2O=可知计算无误,即可按管磨35吨/时(指可磨出普铝矿石和石灰石)填写配料单烧结法配料单物料名称配料比小时下料量碱赤泥浆100米3362.5米361.2米3铝矿石(湿)27.6吨100吨16.9吨石灰石(湿)29.66吨107.5吨18.1吨碱粉7.33吨26.6吨4.5吨具指标为:碱比=1.00(末考虑石灰石中的Al2O3和Fe2O3);钙比=2.15；铝硅比=2.8；水份=38.8%.料浆各项指标复核如下：铝硅比A/S=碱比N/(A＋F)＝钙比C/S＝水份H2O＝（14）拜尔法溶出率：在高压溶出过程中溶出的Al2O3量为矿石中Al2O3含量的百分数。①理论溶出率ηA理：假定在理想的溶出条件下，铝土矿中的氧化硅完全生成Na2O.Al2O3.1.7SiO2.nH2O且其在铝酸钠溶液中的溶解度取作零，其它杂质对氧化铝的损失无所影响，此时计算的溶出率为理论溶出率。ηA理＝式中A、S－－－分别为铝土矿中Al2O3和SiO2的含量，％；1.0－－－由于生成Na2O.Al2O3.1.7SiO2，nH2O，其中Al2O3和SiO2的重量比为1；(A/S)矿－－－矿石铝硅比；②初溶出率－－－ηA初假定在溶出过程中，溶液中的SiO2全部进入溶出赤泥时计算出的Al2O3溶出率叫初溶出率.ηA初＝式中(A/S)矿－－－矿石铝硅比；(A/S)溶赤－－－溶出赤泥铝硅比.③净溶出率ηA净：通过高压溶出及赤泥分离洗涤过程后计算出的Al2O3溶出率叫净溶出率.ηA净＝式中(A/S)末赤－－－末次洗涤赤泥中的铝硅比.由于在分离及赤泥洗涤过程中有进一步的脱硅作用，末次洗涤赤泥A/S一般小于溶出赤泥A/S.所以按上述方法计算出的ηA净要大于ηA初.在我厂生产 流程 快递问题件怎么处理流程河南自建厂房流程下载关于规范招聘需求审批流程制作流程表下载邮件下载流程设计 中，烧结法硅渣进入拜尔赤泥洗涤系统，与拜尔赤泥混合，所以根据末次洗涤算出的ηA净是没有意义的.实际中往往用分离赤泥(A/S)代替末次洗涤赤泥(A/S)，作近似计算，由此算出的溶出率叫做分离溶出率。④相对溶出率ηA相：即实际溶出率与理论溶出率的百分比.设实际溶出率按分离赤泥A/S计算，则相对溶出率为：ηA相＝因为溶出率不但决定于赤泥A/S，同时也决定于矿石A/S、矿石A/S不是溶出条件所能控制的，所以用相对溶出率ηA相这个指标更能反映出溶出结果的好坏。.（15）循环效率：每1升（或1立方米）循环母液在一次作业周期中所生产的Al2O3量（克数或公斤数）叫循环效率，具体来说就是在拜耳法生产中，利用循环母液在高温下溶出铝土矿中的氧化铝，而后又在低温低浓度添加晶种的情况下析出Al(OH)3,而母液经过蒸发浓缩到循环母液原来的成份，这样一个循环过程称为一次作业周期，也称拜耳法循环。循环效率是是分析拜耳法作业效果和改革途径的两项重要指标。设循环母液中Al2O3力Na2Ok的浓度分别为a母、n母/克/升；循环母液苛性比为α母；高压矿浆(溶出液)中Al2O3和Na2Ok的浓度分别为a溶、n溶、其苛性比为α溶,则循环母液中每公斤Na2Ok结合的Al2O3量为：每米3循环母液在溶出过程中溶出的Al2O3量为：E＝从公式可见，循环母液中浓度n母越高，苛性化系数α母越高，高压矿浆苛性化系数α溶越低，循环效率越高，而高压溶出矿浆苛性比的影响大于循环母液苛性比的影响，另外，很容易知道：（16）原矿浆在高压溶出器机组内的停留时间。τ＝式中m－－－每个机组中溶出器个数；Ｖ容－－－每个溶出器的容积，米3；η－－－满罐率，或容积利用系数，％；依操作情况而异，一般在70～90％；к－－－由于冷凝水的加入及矿浆温度的升高，使矿浆体积增加的系数；Ｖ进－－－原矿浆进料量，米3/时；假定每米3原矿浆消耗蒸汽0.24吨，240℃左右水的比容为1.22米3/吨，原矿浆从90℃左右升高到溶出温度，体积膨胀10％，此时的к值为к＝1.1＋0.24×1.22＝1.4（17）矿浆稀释比。待稀释矿浆(自蒸发后矿浆)中每米3铝酸钠溶液在稀释时所需加入的洗液量。g＝式中A自－－－经自蒸发后的铝酸钠溶液中的Al2O3浓度，克/升；A稀－－－预期稀释后铝酸钠溶液中的Al2O3浓度，克/升；A洗－－－赤泥洗液中的Al2O3浓度，克/升；（18）拜耳法洗液量的计算。G＝Ｖψ米3/小时.....................................(52)式中Ｖ－－－高压溶出进料量，米3/小时；ψ－－－换算系数，每米3原矿浆所生成的待稀释矿浆中的铝酸钠溶液的体积，经统计ψ＝0.91～0.93；G－－－稀释比；（19）拜耳法高压赤泥产出