2023年上半年山西省口腔执业医师口腔外科学：骨折段移位的介绍考试题

一、单项选择题〔共 23 题，每题的备选项中，只有 1 个事最符合题意〕

1、KennedyⅡ类缺损者的义齿设计一般为
A．牙支持式    B．黏膜支持式     C．混合支持式     D．黏膜支持式或牙支持式     E．不确定

2、以下有关皮瓣的表达中错误的选项是
A．皮瓣感觉的恢复首先为温度觉，最后是痛觉     B．术后72小时内是游离皮瓣最容易发生血管危象的时候     C．皮瓣设计应比缺损处稍大，以预防皮瓣转移后发生收缩     D．原那么上组织畸形和缺损能用带蒂皮瓣修复就不用游离皮瓣，能用游离皮瓣就不用管状皮瓣     E．轴型皮瓣只要在血管的长轴内设计，一般可不受长宽比例的限制

3、医患双方当事人对患者死因有异议的，应当尸检。当地不具备尸体冻存条件的，尸检的期限是
A．在患者死亡后12小时内进行     B．在患者死亡后24小时内进行     C．在患者死亡后36小时内进行     D．在患者死亡后48小时内进行     E．在患者死亡后60小时内进行

4、循环骤停的临界时间是
A．1分钟     B．2分钟     C．4分钟     D．8分钟     E．10分钟

5、面有一个中央窝，一个近中窝的为____
A．下颌第一磨牙    B．下颌第二磨牙    C．上颌双尖牙     D．上颌第二磨牙    E．上颌第一磨牙

6、健康促进中起主导作用的是
A．公众
B．牙防指导组
C．主要行政领导
D．口腔医务工作者
E．口腔医学院校教师

7、一般培养基、生理盐水和手术敷料的灭菌，应选择
A．氏消毒法
B．丁射线处理法
C．高压灭菌法
D．滤过除菌法
E．紫外线照射消毒法

8、球菌性口炎的主要致病菌是
A．金黄色葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌、肺炎双球菌、乳酸链球菌   B．金黄色葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌、肺炎双球菌、淋球菌   C．脑膜炎球菌、草绿色链球菌、肺炎双球菌、溶血性链球菌   D．金黄色葡萄球菌、草绿色链球菌、肺炎双球菌、溶血性链球菌   E．溶血性链球菌、草绿色链球菌、肺炎双球菌、淋球菌

9、患者，女性，39岁，近1年来感觉牙齿、松动，咬合无力。检查：CI-S：2，牙龈充血，牙松动Ⅰ～Ⅱ度，牙周袋3～ 5mm，X线片示牙槽骨水平型吸收达根长1/3～1/2。该患者的牙周病史主要应通过以下哪种方式收集
A．探诊     B．触诊     C．问诊     D．叩诊     E．视诊

10、人工后牙颊舌径小于天然牙的目的是〔〕
A．提高咀嚼效率
B．获得平衡
C．防止咬颊
D．减小支持组织负荷
E．增强固位
11、有关可摘局部义齿基托的要求，不正确的选项是
A．整铸支架式义齿基托厚度为0.5mm
B．基托应与天然牙非倒凹区接触，密合无压力
C．上颌膊侧基托边缘应圆钝，略厚，以防基托下沉，刺激软腭
D．下颌基托后缘应盖过磨牙后垫的1/3～1/2
E．基托磨光面外形应为凹斜面

12、关于病原菌致病性的构成因素，表达最全面的是
A．毒力+侵入部位+细菌数量     B．毒素+侵袭力+侵入部位     C．侵袭力+侵入部位+细菌数量     D．侵袭酶类+毒素+细菌数量     E．侵入部位+毒素+细菌外表结构

13、恒牙易发生龋齿的部位如下，除外
A．咬合面点隙和裂沟
B．牙齿邻面和牙颈部
C．扭转和重叠的牙面
D．不易被清洁的牙面
E．牙尖和切缘

14、患者男性18岁，因外伤致双侧髁状突颈部骨折，其临床特点中，哪项不正确
A．颊部皮肤可能有裂伤     B．双侧耳屏前区出现肿胀     C．前牙开枪、后牙早接触     D．下颌不能前伸运动     E．下颌侧方运动正常

15、引起龋病发生的病源因素为
A．致龋细菌     B．易感牙面     C．糖类食物     D．一定时间     E．唾液变化

16、The Supreme Court’s decisions on physician-assisted suicide carry important implications for how medicine seeks to relieve dying patients of pain and suffering.Although it ruled that there is no constitutional right to physician-assisted suicide, the Court in effect supported the medical principle of "double effect", a centuries-old moral principle holding that an action having two effects—a good one that is intended and a harmful one that is foreseen—is permissible if the actor intends only the good effect.Doctors have used that principle in recent years to justify using high doses of morphine to control terminally ill patients’ pain, even though increasing dosages will eventually kill the patient.Nancy Dubler, director of Montefiore Medical Center, contends that the principle will shield doctors who "until now have very, very strongly insisted that they could not give patients sufficient mediation to control their pain if that might hasten death."George Annas, chair of the health law department at Boston University, maintains that, as long as a doctor prescribes a drug for a legitimate medical purpose, the doctor has done nothing illegal even if the patient uses the drug to hasten death. "It’s like surgery," he says. "We don’t call those deaths homicides because the doctors didn’t intend to kill their patients, although they risked their death. If you’re a physician, you can risk your patient’s suicide as long as you don’t intend their suicide."On another level, many in the medical community acknowledge that the assisted-suicide debate has been fueled in part by the despair of patients for whom modern medicine has pro longed the physical agony of dying.Just three weeks before the Court’s ruling on physician-assisted suicide, the National Academy of Science (NAS) released a two-volume report, Approaching Death: Improving Care at the End of Life. It identifies the under-treatment of pain and the aggressive use of "ineffectual and forced medical procedures that may prolong and even dishonor the period of dying" as the twin problems of end-of-life care. The profession is taking steps to require young doctors to train in hospices, to test knowledge of aggressive pain management therapies, to develop a Medicare billing code for hospital-based care, and to develop new standards for assessing and treating pain at the end of life.Annas says lawyers can play a key role in insisting that these well-meaning medical initiatives translate into better care. "Large numbers of physicians seem unconcerned with the pain their patients are needlessly and predictably suffering," to the extent that it constitutes “systematic patient abuse." He says medical licensing boards "must make it clear... that painful deaths are presumptively ones that are incompetently managed and should result in license suspension." George Annas would probably agree that doctors should be punished if they ().
A．manage their patients incompetently
B．give patients more medicine than needed
C．reduce drug dosages for their patients
D．prolong the needless suffering of the patients

17、患者，男，40岁，左下后牙遇冷不适，无白发痛，1年前患者曾补过一次牙。检查：面树脂充填物边缘破裂；可钩住探针，冷(+)，刺激后疼痛立刻消失。最可能的诊断是
A．中龋     B．深龋     C．继发龋     D．急性牙髓炎     E．慢性牙髓炎

18、没有咬合接触的是〔〕
A．正中位
B．息止颌位
C．正中关系胎
D．前伸位
E．下颌后退接触位

19、患者，女性，22岁，突然发热，腰痛，卧床不起，尿蛋白(-)，红细胞10/HP，白细胞20～30/HP。以下哪项不符合急性肾盂，肾炎
A．发热     B．尿白细胞管型     C．高血压     D．膀胱刺激征     E．肾区叩痛

20、以下能直接参与底物水平磷酸化的酶是
A．6-磷酸葡萄糖脱氢酶
B．3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶
C．磷酸甘油酸激酶
D．α-酮戊二酸脱氢酶