1. English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言

English is a Crazy Language 英语是一门疯狂的语言 1. Let's face it-English is a crazy language.There is no egg in eggplant nor ham in hamburger; 1)neither apple nor pine in pineapple. English muffins weren't invented in England nor French fries in France. Sweetmeats are candies while sweetbreads, which aren't sweet, are meat. 1.让我们接受现实吧—英语是一种疯狂的语言。茄子(eggplant,字面意为鸡蛋植物)里并没有鸡蛋,汉堡包(hamburger,字面意为火腿夹饼)里也没有火腿。同样,菠萝(pineapple,字面意为松树苹果)里既没有松树也没有苹果。松饼(English muffin,字面意为英式松饼)并不是英国人发明的,而炸薯条(French fries,字面意为法式油炸食品)也不是法国人的发明。“甜肉”(sweetmeat)指的是蜜饯,而(while)“甜面包”(sweetbread)不是甜的,它指的是牛杂碎。 1)both…and…“既、、、又、、、” , 谓语动词一定要用复数neither…nor… “既不、、、也不”, 谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致,即就近原则 either … or… “或者、、、或者”谓语动词与后一个主语保持一致,即就近原则 Either she or I like to play table tennis. Either I or she likes to play table tennis. 2. We 1)take English for granted. But if we explore its paradox es,we find that quicksand can work slowly, boxing rings are square and a guinea pig is neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. ( nor引导的倒装句) And why it is that writers write but fingers don't finge, grocers don't groce and hammers don't ham? If the plural of tooth is teeth, why isn't the plural of booth beeth? If you have one goose, two geese, why not one moose, two meese, or one index, two indices? 2.我们理所当然地接受了英语的一切,但是如果我们 分析 定性数据统计分析pdf销售业绩分析模板建筑结构震害分析销售进度分析表京东商城竞争战略分析 一下英语中似是而非的情况,我们马上就会发现“快的沙子(quicksand,流沙,也只陷阱,困境)往往走得很慢,“拳击的圆圈”(boxing rings,拳击场)是方的,“几内亚猪”(guinea pig,天竺鼠)既不是来自几内亚,也不是猪。还有,既然名词作家(writers)去掉词尾的rs 就可以成为动词“写作(write)”,那为什么名词“手指”(fingers)、杂货店(grocers)、锤子(hammers)去掉rs就不能成为各自相应的动词呢?如果牙齿的复数是teeth,那为什么售货亭的复数不是beeth?一只鹅我们用goose,两只鹅用geese,那么,一只驼鹿用moose(单复数同形),两只驼鹿就应该是meese了?为什么一条索引是index,两条索引却成了indices? 1)take for granted 认为…是理所应当 grant同意,授予,承认 Eg.We take it for granted that knowledege advances rapidly.我们对于知识的快速增长毫不怀疑。 Granted/granting that…假定,就算… Eg.Granted that you have made some progress, you should not be conceited.即使你有了一些进步,也不应该骄傲。 3. Doesn't it seem crazy1)that you can make amends but not one amend, or that you can 2)comb through the annals of history but not a single annal? If you have a bunch of odds and ends and 3)get rid of all but one of them, what do you call it? 3.如果你赔偿时只能用赔偿复数不能赔偿单数,这是不是很莫名其妙?你可以梳理历史的编年史,为什么却不能梳理某一个单个的编年史?如果你有一堆麻烦(a bunch of odds and ends),那么在你把其他的都解决了只剩下一个(get rid of all but one of them)的时候该怎么说呢?(amends: n. 赔罪, 赔偿; amend: v. 改良; 修改, 修订; annals: n. 编年史; annal: n. 记录 混凝土 养护记录下载土方回填监理旁站记录免费下载集备记录下载集备记录下载集备记录下载 ) 1)It seems that … 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“看起来……”。 强调根据一定的事实所得出的一种接近于实际情况的判断,可以说表示事实。(可以转换成“名词或代词+seem +动词 不定式”句型,其意不变,如果动词不定式为to be +形容词时,to be往往省略。) It seems that it is more difficult for women to get to the top of the company. 妇女似乎更难提升到公司的最高职位。 It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. (No one seems to know what has happened in the park.) 似乎没有人知道在公园里发生了什么事。 It seems to me that he has known everything. (He seems to have known everything) 在我看来他似乎什么事都知道了。 It seems as if ...也表示“看起来……,似乎……”。 使用该句型表示可能:若从句表示的是很可能实现的事情,从句谓语用陈述语气;若从句表示的是与事实相反的假设或实现的可能性很小的事情时,则从句谓语要用虚拟语气。 1、从句的谓语动词常用虚拟语气来表示所设想的事情不真实或不可能发生/存在。 It seems as if it were autumn. 现在仿佛是秋天似的。(表示与现在事实相反见大纲54页) It seems as if she had been to England. 好像她到过英国似的。 2、如果可能性很大则用陈述语气,或者句中的情况可能发生或可能被设想为真实,则仍然用陈述语气。 It seems as if our team is going to win.看来我们队要胜了。 It seems as if it is going to rain. (It seems to rain) 看来天要下雨了。 It seems that she is ill. 她似乎病了。 2)comb through 梳理 Comb out 把…梳理掉,清除,去除 Cut the comb of 打掉…的威风 3)get rid of 摆脱,去掉,除去,干掉 Eg. We tell him the reason in order to get rid of his inhibitions(顾虑)。 4. If teachers taught, why didn't preachers praught? If a vegetarian eats vegetables, what does a humanitarian eat? 4.如果教师教学是taught,那为什么传教士传教(Missionary )不是praught?如果素食主义者(vegetarian)吃蔬菜(vegetable),那人道主义者(humanitarian)吃什么。 5. Sometimes I think all the English speakers should be committed to an asylum for the verbally insane(极愚蠢的言语). In what other language do people recite at a play and play at a recital; ship by truck and send cargo by ship; have noses that run and feet that smell; park on driveways and drive on parkways? 5.有时候我觉得根据英国人说话时疯狂的用词可以将他们送进精神病院(asylum)。哪一种语言人们可以在一出戏中朗诵,在朗诵中玩(分别指演戏和开独唱会)?用卡车运船,用船运货(分别指用卡车运输和用船运输; ship v. 运送; n. 船, 舰)?鼻子可以跑而脚可以闻味道(分别指流鼻涕和脚有臭味)?车可以停在驾驶路上,而且在停车路上驾驶(driveway从字面上理解是驾驶路,实际是车道;parkway从字面上理解是停车路,实际是公园道路、驾车专用道路)。committed(干傻事,委托,提交,对…做处理) 6. How can a slim chance and a fat chance be the same, while a wise man and wise guy are opposite s, and quite a lot and 1)quite a few are alike? How can the weather be hot as hell one day and cold as hell another? 6.为什么一个苗条的机会(slim chance,指没机会)和一个肥胖的机会(fat chance,也指没机会)意思是一样的,而一个聪明的人(wise man,聪明人)和一个聪明的家伙(wise guy,自作聪明的人)却意思相反(opposite)?为什么相当多(quite a lot)和相当少(quite a few)意思一样(alike)?(实际上quite a lot 和quite a few都是指相当多。)为什么天气可以热的像地狱也可以冷得像地狱?(as hell字面意思像地狱一样,实际指“非常 地”) 1)quite+ a+ adj+ n. 2)so +adj+a+n. 很…,非常 Eg。We have not had so hot a day before I think Chinese is quite an useful language. 7. You have to marvel at the unique(独特的,独一无二的) lunacy of a language in which your house can 1)burn up as it burns down, in which you fill in a form by filling it out and in which an alarm clock goes off by going on. 7.你不得不对这种精神病一样的语言(the unique lunacy of a language)表示惊奇(marvel at),在这种语言中,你的房子在被烧下去(burn down,意为烧毁)的同时(as)又被烧上去(burn up,意为烧起来,烧掉)。你用填出来(fill out,意为填写)的方法填进去(fill in, 意思也是填写)一个 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 (form)。闹钟在走(go on)的时候响(go off)了。 1)burn away 继续燃烧,烧掉/毁,消散 Burn down 烧毁,是烧成平地 Burn in 将…局部额外曝光,给人留下深刻印象 Burn into (酸等)侵蚀,使深印于 Burn off 使消散,使驱散 Burn out 烧坏,烧光,烧尽 Burn up (炉火)烧起来,烧掉,使精疲力竭 go on 往前走,继续下去,发生,进行 go off 离去,走掉,退场,爆炸,响起,消失,售出,变坏go about 从事,干… go after 追逐,追求 go against 反对 go ahead 前进,继续 go at 进攻, go by 走过,错过 go down 下沉 8. English was invented by people, not computers, and it reflects the creativity of the human race. That is why, when the stars are out, they are visible, but when the lights are out, they are invisible. And why, when I wind up my watch, I start it, but when I wind up this essay, I end it? 8.英语是人而不是机器创造出来的语言,它反映了人类的创造性。这也是为什么当星星出来的时候,我们是看得见的,当阳光出来的时候是它们却看不见的。同理,我“处理”我的手表之后,它就开始(走)了;而我“处理”完这篇文章后,它却结束了。(wind up:上紧发条;使结束) 课后练习: 1. English muffins weren’t invented in England __French fries in France. A. while B. not C. either D. nor 2. Sweetmeats are candies __sweetbread, which aren’t sweet, are meat. A. what B. as C. which D. while 3. We take English for__ . A. ground B. great C. granted D. grant 4. But if we explore its __, we find that quicksand can work slowly. A. parade B. paraphrases C. paragraphs D. paradoxes 5. Did you make__ to Tom for his loss? A. mend B. mind C. amends D. amend 6. You can __through the annals of history. A. combine B. comb C. tomb D. combat 7. If you have a bunch of odds and ends and get rid of of__ them, what do you call it? A. one but all B. all only one C. all but one D. all besides one 8. Sometimes I think all the English speakers should__ to an asylum for verbally insane. A. be permitted(允许,许可) B. be omitted(省略,排除,遗漏) C. vomited(呕吐) D. be committed(干傻事,委托,提交,对…做处理) 9. How can the__ be hot as hell one day and cold as hell another? A. climate B. whether C weather D. climb 10. You have to marvel at the unique lunacy of a language __your house can burn up as it burns down. A. what B. about which C. of which D. in which 11. My alarm clock __at 6 every morning. A. goes on B. goes off C. gets up D. gets out 我们需要有几个方法来实现这样的过程: 1. 使用零散的时间记忆单词。很多人都喜欢用大段的时间来背单词,但是事实上效果是不好的。首先,大块时间背单词实际上是一种“显性”的单词记忆过程,它已经不是自然记忆的方法。(仔细想想,我们有哪个电视广告是一直看30分钟的呢?)其次,长时间进行枯燥的单词记忆容易造成催眠效应,以至于背单词的时候很容易犯困。第三,每天大量的零散时间不能用于完成“不可拆分”的任务,实际上全部被浪费掉了,而用于处理单词的记忆这种可以拆分的任务则正好。因此,我的建议是根据自己的实际情况总结一下自己每天的零散时间,用若干个5-10分钟的时间段来替代过去的整块时间。这样不仅可以实现单词的自然记忆过程,还能提高学习效率。任何时间、任何地点,只要有空闲就可以看单词,不用在意这段时间有多长,也不用在意这个地方是 否是安静的教室。 2. 尽量以10-15天为周期重复所有单词。很多人把背单词的周期拉得过长,以至于背了后面忘了前面,甚至有很多我们认为已经“记住”的单词在背完整本 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf 背完以后仍然被遗忘了。所以,正确的做法应该是:尽量在记忆衰减前加强对已经看过的单词进行重复,以强化它们在大脑中的印象,而10-15天正好是记忆衰减的周期。我们可以按照需要记忆的单词总量进行划分,得到每天要看的单词量。 3. 单词记忆用“看”而不用“背”。对于每天需要记忆很多个单词的,我们不需要,也不可能一次全部记住,所以,就像自然记忆的过程一样,我们只需要每天反复地看这些单词,并在大脑中像过电影一样想它们的发音和意思就可以了,这样的重复每天4-6遍最好。实际上,这些单词在我们反复阅读的过程中就不断在大脑皮层中得到了强化,也许我们不会在第一天看过以后就有非常强烈的印象,但是在重复若干次以后,这些单词在大脑中的印象必然会越来越强烈,直到我们一看到单词就能反射出含义。从这个意义上说,单词的记忆不是论“个”的,而是论“片”的,即这些单词在大脑中的印象是由模糊逐渐变清晰的,而不是由少变多的。当然,在记忆过程中还需要注意两个问题:一是一边看单词要一边标记单词的熟练程度,对于熟练程度高的单词,重复过程中可以稍快一些,甚至不看;相反,对于熟练程度低的单词,我们需要看得慢一些。随着单词记忆过程的进行,熟练的单词会 越来越多,我们重复的周期也就可以缩短了。二是在看单词的时候不需要看例句。在单词还没有认识的时候,看例句不会对记忆起到辅助作用,反而增大了记忆量。所以,在单词还没有记住的时候,可以暂时不看例句,等到单词基本掌握了,我们可以通过例句明白单词的用法。 4.每个单词花费的时间为5-10秒钟。很多同学习惯每一个单词花费大量的时间去看,但实际上在每次看单词的时候,花费5分钟和5秒钟都是一样的,单词在大脑皮层上的信息记录效果完全没有区别,其遗忘效果也是几乎相同的。所以,我们应该多次重复,并降低每个单词消耗的时间,这样无论从效果和效率来看都是不错的。 5. 避免抄写单词和记忆单词的拼写。抄写单词是很多人喜欢使用的方法,但是它极大地增加了单词记忆的工作量,并且书写单词时大脑没有同步记忆,实际上是没有产生记忆效果的。而单词的拼写属于字母的无序组合,记忆拼写的难度跟记忆我们手机里所存储的电话号码的难度是一样的。所以,记忆单词的发音比记住单词的拼写更容易,也更重要。学会根据发音写单词,是良好的单词学习的方法。