新编商务英语泛读 1 Unit7第一课

Unit7TextATypesofBusinessOrganizations1211班ExtensiveReadingGOALS:Distinguishthecharacteristicsofthevarioustypesofbusinessorganizations.Thedistinctionbetweensoletraders,partnerships,jointstockcompaniesandcooperatives.Theadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthetypesofbusinessorganizations.Words:sector部分，部门characteristic特征，特性interior内部的decorate装修，装饰accountant会计人员，会计师architect建筑师liability责任，负债，债务collapse崩溃，突然的失败maximum最大限度transfer转让subscribe认购compulsory强制的outofthequestion不可能的，不值得考虑的Passage:TheUK(mixedeconomy)publicsectorprivatesectorcoal(煤)healthandeducation(医疗与教育)railtransport(铁路运输)ownedandcontrolledbyprivateenterprisecommercialandfinancialservice(商业和金融服务)TheUKhaswhatisknownasa“mixed”economy.ThismeansthattheeconomyoftheUK.consistsofvariouskindofindustriesismadeupofbothverylargeandverysmallbusinessismadeupofbothprivate-ownedandstate-ownedenterprisesconsistsofallkindsofenterprises,bigandsmall,nationalandprivateQuestion:Intheprivatesector,therearevarioustypesofbusinessorganizations.soletraders独资企业partnerships合伙企业jointstockcompanies股份公司cooperatives合作社一.soletrader---soleproprietor（独资企业）DefinitionItisowned,runandcontrolledbyoneperson.Itisveryoftenfoundinretailingandinthedirectservices.Advantages:Theownercanbehisownbossandkeepalltheprofits.Hedoesn’tneedmuchcapitaltostartthebusiness.Thereareveryfewlegalrequirementstofollow.PrideofOwnership（对所有权的满足感）TaxAdvantages（税务优势）Disadvantages:responsibleforallthelossesofthebusiness.managementproblems（管理问题）financialproblems（经济问题）Thisdifficultyputssoletradersatagreatdisadvantages.(这个困难使独资企业处于极其不利的地位。)Question:Allofthefollowingareadvantagesofthesoletrader(orsoleproprietor)Exceptthat.theownercanbehis/herownbossandkeepallprofitstheownerdoesn’tneedmuchcapitaltostartwithnordoeshe/shehavemanylegalrequirementstofollowtheownercandecidealmostanythingconcerningthebusinesstheowneriscompletelyresponsibleforthelossesofhis/herbusinessPartnerships（合作企业）Partnershipsareatypeofbusinessunitwhichhelpsmallerbusinesstoexpand.Partnerscanintroducemorecapital.Partnersalsohelpinorganizingandmanagingthebusiness.Sometimestheybringspecialskills.Theyalsosharetheprofits.Profitsareusuallysharedbyagreement.Thereareotherkindsofpartners----”sleeping”partners.“sleeping”partnerscontributecapitaltothebusiness,butdonotparticipateinitsorganizationandmanagement.Disadvantages:ordinaryorgeneralpartnershaveunlimitedliabilityforlossesanddebts.conflictbetweenpartnerscanwreck(毁掉)thecompany.Question:WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?Partnerscanusuallyintroducemorecapitalthansoletraders.Partnerspayahigherrateoftaxthansoletraders.Sleepingpartnersdonottakepartinthedailymanagement.Ordinaryorgeneralpartnershaveunlimitedpersonalliabilityforlossesanddebts.三.jointstockcompanies(股份公司)jointstockcompanies（limitedliability）privatelimitedcompaniespubliclimitedcompaniesThisguaranteethatthepeoplewhoinvestinthecompanywillnotlosemorethantheamountoftheirinvestmentifthecompanyfailsorcausesinjury.Themembersareresponsibleonlyfortheamountofcapitaltheycontribute.Advantages:limitedliabilityThemaindifferencebetweenprivateandpubliclimitedcompaniesisthatthereisarestrictiononthenumberofmembersinaprivatelimitedcompany(maximumfifty).Question:Jointstockcompaniesarealsoknownaslimitedcompaniesbecause.thenumberofsuchcompaniesislimitedthenumberofshareholdersofsuchacompanyislimitedshareholdersareresponsibleonlyfortheamountofcapitaltheyinvestthereisarestrictiononthenumberofmembersinaprivatelimitedcompanyThemainadvantageofjointstockcompaniesisthat.theshareholderscansharethecompany’sprofitstheshareholdersdon’tnecessarilyhavealargesumofcapitaltheshareholderscantakepartinthecompany’sdecision-makingtheshareholders’losseswillnotbegreaterthantheamountoftheirinvestmentinthecompanyThearticleiswrittenmainlyto.A.guidethereaderabouthowtoinvestintheUKB.discussthemixedeconomyoftheUKC.defineseveralcommonformsofbusinessorganizationsintheUKD.defineandcompareseveraltypesofbusinessorganizationscommonlyfoundintheUKWhattypesoforganizationsaresuitableforasmallbusiness?Thesoletraderandthejointstockcompany.Thejointstockcompany.Thesoletraderandthepartnership.Thejointstockcompanyandthepartnership.Thankyou!