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沪教牛津版英语七年级下册Unit1学习要点汇总

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沪教牛津版英语七年级下册Unit1学习要点汇总unit1peoplearoundus重点单词:personn.人cheerfuladj.快乐的,高兴的hard-workingadj.勤勉的,努力的smartadj.聪明的forgetv.忘记patient①adj.耐心的②n.病人probablyadv.可能care照顾smelln.气味v.闻起来missv.想念,错过joke玩笑laugh笑remain保持strict严格encouragev.鼓励support支持successfuladj.获得成功的successn.成功member成员paragraphn...

沪教牛津版英语七年级下册Unit1学习要点汇总
unit1peoplearoundus重点单词:personn.人cheerfuladj.快乐的,高兴的hard-workingadj.勤勉的,努力的smartadj.聪明的forgetv.忘记patient①adj.耐心的②n.病人probablyadv.可能care照顾smelln.气味v.闻起来missv.想念,错过joke玩笑laugh笑remain保持strict严格encouragev.鼓励support支持successfuladj.获得成功的successn.成功member成员paragraphn.段落dressn.连衣裙v.给···穿衣服diev.死(非延续性)三单:dies过去式:died现在分词:dyingdeadadj.deathn.常考短语:aswellas也,和··一样takecareof=lookafter照顾telljokes讲笑话makefunof取笑alldayandallnight整日整夜gotowork去工作giveup放弃bestrictabout对···严格bestrictwithsb.对某人要求严格bestrictinsth.对某事严格辨析:Stopdoingsth.停止做某事;将stop后的动作停止Theboystoppedlaughing.Stoptodosth.停下来去做某事;停止其他事情,开始做stop后的动作Theboystoppedtolaugh.Forgetdoingsth.表示“忘记做过某事(做完了)”:HeforgotbuyingthisscarfinParis.Forgettodosth.表示“忘记去做某事(还没做)”:Iforgettogivehimthebook..经典句型:1.Sheisgoodat···?begoodat意为“擅长;在.....方面做得好”,at后跟名词,代词或动名词。与dowellin意思相近。Eg:I’mgoodatChinese.=IdowellinChinese.Sheisgoodatswimming.=He_______________swimming.Whatsubjects______you_______________?你擅长哪些科目?2.Whatdoyouthinkof…?你认为,觉得......怎么样?用来询问对方对某人/事的看法、态度),。回答时可以根据自己的看法来作出评价。可用Howdoyoulike.....?替换Eg:Whatdoyouthinkofthemovie?=Howdoyoulikethemovie?3.Whynotdosth.…?=whydon’tyoudosth.?为什么不做某事?(句型中的动词都用原形。)用来提出自己的建议或征求对方的意见。Eg:Whynotjoinus?=_____________________________?Whynotgoshopping?=_____________________________________?表建议的句型还有:Howabout…?\\whatabout…?Let’sdo…!Shallwe…?4.询问工作的句型:what+do/does+主语+do?;Whatis/are+主语;What+is+sb’sjob?详细讲解:1.personn.人pl.persons/peopleperson可数名词,指具体的“个人”,侧重于个体,无性别之分e.g.Doyouknowthepersonoverthere?people作“人”讲时是集体名词,表复数概念,泛指“人们”。Peoplelovehavingcatsaspets.注意,当people作“民族”讲时是个体名词,复数是peoples。e.g.TheEnglish-speakingpeoplesshareacommonlanguage.2.cheerful高兴的,快乐的例:Doyouknowwhysheissocheerful?近义词:happy,glad拓展:--ful是一个形容词的后缀,某些动词或名词之后加--ful构成形容词,表示具有某种性质。Help---helpful(有帮助的)thank---thankful(感激的)Care---careful(仔细的)use----useful(有用的)cheern.欢呼v.欢呼;使……高兴;加油e.g.Herhelpbroughtcheertoourhearts.Shefailedtheexam,andwewanttocheerherup.各种“高兴;开心;快活;愉快”:happy,joyful,joyous,merry,glad,pleased,pleasant,delighted3.hard-workingadj.工作努力的;勤奋的oppositeword:lazyadj.懒惰的注意:hard-working是形容词,workhard是动词词组。对比:Heisahard-workingdoctor.Heworkshardtocurethepatients.复合形容词,peace-loving,life-long,so-called,part-time例:Sheisahard-workingstudent.Igotapart-timejob.4.patient两个意思,名词是“病人”;形容词是“耐心的”,oppositeword:impatientadj.没耐心的。例:Don’tworry,bepatient,please.Asadoctor,youshouldbepatienttoyourpatients.以im-开头的表示否定的词:patient-impatientpossible-impossiblepolite-impoliteperfect-imperfect5.with介词。(1)表示状态,“具有(外貌特征);带有”,构成介词短语作后置定语。Mygrandmotherwasashortwomanwithgreyhair.(page3)Heistallwithblueeyes.Ahousewithasmallgarden一座带有一个小花园的房子;themanwithlonghair留长发的那名男子。(2)表示关系,“与,同,和……一起”,例:Iamtalkingwithmyfriend.Comewithme.Withherwerehersonanddaughter-in-law.和她在一起的是他的儿子和儿媳。(3)表示方式,“用(工具,手段),以……方式”,例:Cutmeatwithaknife.(4)表示伴随,“携带”“随着,与此同时”,例:Ihavenomoneywithme.Shelefttheroomwithallthelightson.她离开了房间,灯还亮着。Perhapshehasgrownwiserwithage.可能随着年纪增长,他变聪明了。(5)表示对象,“关于,对于”,例:What’swrongwithyou?Hewasstillalittleangrywithher.他还有点生她的气。(6)表示原因,“由于,因为”,例:Hespentaweekinbedwithflu.他得了流感,一星期卧病在床with结构是许多 英语 关于好奇心的名言警句英语高中英语词汇下载高中英语词汇 下载英语衡水体下载小学英语关于形容词和副词的题 复合结构中最常用的一种,其构成:with结构=with/without+复合结构。其中,复合结构=宾语(名词/代词)+补足语(形容词/副词/介词短语/非谓语动词)。例:Iliketosleepwiththewindowsopen.我喜欢开着窗户睡觉。(表示伴随,with+n.+adj.)Shelefttheroomwithallthelightson.她离开了房间,灯还亮着。(表示伴随,with+n.+adv.)Withthechildrenatschool,wecan’ttakeourvacationwhenwewantto.由于孩子们在上学,当我们想度假时却不能去。(表示原因,with+n.+介词短语)Withnoonetotalkto,Johnfeltmiserable.由于没有可以说话的人,约翰感到很悲哀。(with+n.+不定式)Shehadtowalkhomewithherbikestolen.自行车被偷,她只好步行回家。(with+n.+过去分词)Withspringcomingon,treesturngreen.春天到了,树变绿了。(表示时间,with+n.+现在分词)6.cookv.烹调、煮、烧n.厨师;此处作可数名词,意为厨师。Cooker炊具7.smartadj.聪明的;机敏的;时髦的oppositeword:foolishadj.笨的;愚蠢的e.g.Youaresosmart.YoucanfinishthatdifficultMathsprobleminonlyfiveminutes.ThesmartladyisTina’smother.?各种“聪明的”:clever,intelligent,wise,acute,knowledgeable...8.probably可能地,adv.例:Youareprobablyright.Iwillprobablygohome.Probableadj.可能的Itisprobabletofinishtheworkbeforedark.区别于:possiblea.(1)可能的,但是可能性小Issuchathingpossible?这种事可能吗?I'lldoeverythingpossibletohelpyou.我将尽一切可能帮助你。(2).有可能的[F][+that]It'spossiblethathewillnotaccepttheinvitation.他有可能不接受邀请9.forget(注意中度音节的位置)忘记,反义词是Remember(1)forget后接人或事、物,表示“忘记某人/某事/某物”:Iforgetyourname,sopleasetellmeagain.(2)forget+todo表示“忘记去做某事(还没做)”:Iforgettogivehimthebook..(3)forget+doing表示“忘记做过某事(做完了)”:HeforgotbuyingthisscarfinParis.相似用法:remembertodosth.记得去做某事rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事stoptodosth.停下来去做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事10.smelln.气味v.闻;嗅(1)作为名词“气味”,Idon’tlikethesmellofbananas.(2)作为行为动词,直接跟宾语,Smelltheperfume,doyoulikeit?(3)作为系动词,后接形容词来修饰主语:Themeatsmellsnice,buttastesterrible.各种系动词:be[am,is,are](状态系动词);keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand(持续系动词);seem,appear,look(表象系动词);feel,sound,smell,taste(感官系动词);become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run(变化系动词);prove,turnout(终止系动词)...11.aswell意为“也”。常放在句末,相当于too。例:IcanspeakChineseandIcanspeakEnglishaswell.辨析:aswell,also,too和eitheraswell副词短语,多用于口语中,用于句末,前面通常不用逗号隔开。E.g.hecanswimaswell.also较正式,位置通常接近动词,不用于句末,常用于肯定句中。E.g.Healsowantstogothere.too多用于口语中,位置常在句末,前面常有逗号隔开.E.g.I’maboy,too.either用于否定句中,常用于句末。在肯定句变成否定句时,其中的also,too,aswell都要变成either。E.g.Hedoesn’twanttogothere,either.HespeaksEnglishandSpanishaswell.=HespeaksEnglishandSpanish,too.=HespeaksEnglishandhealsospeaksSpanish.12.takecareof意为“照顾,照料”,相当于lookafter,其中care做名词。takegoodcareof....相当于lookafter....well,表示“照顾好....”Eg:Canyoutakecareofthebaby?Nursestakecareofpatientsinhospital.=Nurseslookafterpatientsinhospital.caren.照顾v.关心;关注;在乎(不及物动词)例:Ifyoudon’tcare,whocares?carefuladj.仔细的;小心的carelessadj.粗心的;漫不经心的carefullyadv.仔细地;小心地carelesslyadv.粗心地;草率地carefulnessn.仔细;慎重carelessnessn.粗心大意;草率短语(1)careaboutsth.担心/在乎某事e.g.Theonlythinghecaresaboutismoney.(2)takecareofsb.照顾某人e.g.I’lltakecareofmyself.(3)careforsb.照顾某人(病人)e.g.Shecaredforherfatherinhisdyingyear.(4)careforsth.想要某物e.g.Wouldyoucareforadrink?(5)caretodosth.愿意做某事(用于礼貌性话语)=bewillingtodosth.e.g.Wouldyoucaretowaithere,sir?13.missv.想念,怀念;错过;过失n.小姐;女士(用于未婚的女性,放在姓之前,要大写)例:Imissmyclassmatesinmyprimaryschool.Hemissedthetrain.AreyouMissHuang?14.telljokes讲笑话joken.玩笑v.说笑话;开玩笑e.g.Heisfulloffun.Healwaystellsjokestomakeuslaugh.Ididn’tgetthejoke.Theyarelaughingandjokingtogether.playajokeonsb.开某人玩笑haveajoke说笑话;开玩笑Areyoujoking(me)?=Areyoukidding(me)?你在(和我)开玩笑吗?15.laughv.玩笑laughtern.笑;笑声e.g.Whyareyoulaughingsohappily?laughat嘲笑......laughabout讥笑......laughwith和......一起笑16.makefunof意为“取笑某人”等于“laughatsb.”“playjokesonsb.”例:Don’tmakefunofyourclassmates.17.begoodat意为“擅长;在.....方面做得好”,at后跟名词,代词或动名词。与dowellin相近。例:I’mgoodatChinese.=IdowellinChinese.Sheisgoodatswimming.=She_______________swimming.Whatsubjects______you_______________?你擅长哪些科目?18.remain仍然保持不变(1)remain常作为系动词,表示“仍然保持不变”后面可接名词、形容词、介词短语、分词作表语。例:Wewillremainfriendsforever.Peterbecameamanager,butJackremainedaworker.Iaskedherquestions,butsheremainedsilent.Hehadtoremaininhospitaluntilhewasbetter.Theguestscamein,butsheremainedsittingatthedeskreading.背记课文中的句子“Ihopewewillremainfriends”.(2)remain也可用作不及物动词,表示“剩下;剩余;遗留”,这种情况不能用进行时态,也没有被动语态。e.g.Afterthefire,verylittleremainedofhishouse.(3)remain指“某事有待于以后被处置”时,后面常接不定式的被动形式。e.g.Manyproblemsremaintobesolved.(4)remain作名词时表示“剩余物”,一般用其复数形式。e.g.ThearcheologistsfoundsomeremainsoftheSongDynasty.(5)remaining和left作为形容词均表示“剩余的”,区别是前者作前置定语,后者作后置定语。e.g.Therearestillsomeapplesleft.Iboughtagiftforherwiththeremainingmoney.19.befullof=befilledwith意为“充满”Thebottleisfullofwater.瓶子里装满了水。Theroomisfullofsmoke.那个房间满是烟。20.bestrictabout意为“对某事很严格”,但不是要做的。bestrictin对做的某事很严格(强调是在做的)bestrictwith.sb对某人很严厉,严格Ourteacherarealwaysstrictaboutourhomework.Heisverystrictwithhisstudents.Eg:Mr.Li__________________ourstudies,buthealwaysencouragesusandgiveussupport.She__________________herdaughter.They______very________________theirwork.各种“严格”:strict通常用于指对人的行为要求符合规范,一般译为“严格的”;severe多指由于客观需要而不能轻易改变规则和要求,含有冷酷无情之义,一般译为“严厉的”;stern则含有坚定不可动摇之义,多由人的性格所决定,一般译为“严谨的”。(语气上:severe>stern>strict)21.encourage鼓励名词加mentencouragesb.todosth.鼓励某人做某事例:Heencouragesmetostudyharder.encouragesb.insth.在某方面鼓励某人encouragewithsth用……的方式鼓励某人encouragebyV-ing为……而鼓舞Ourteacherencouragesustodomoresport.Thanksforyourencouragement.encourage本身是由courage“勇气”延伸出来的,加了en-则变成了“给予勇气”,也就是“鼓励”。由en-派生出来的词:cage-encage把……关在笼子里title-entitle给(文、书)命名train-entrain使……上火车plane-enplane使……上飞机rich-enrich使......富裕able-enable使……能够22.supportn.支持(不可数名词)v.支持supportern.支持者e.g.Bettyneedsoursupport.Let’sgiveherahand.supportone’sbusiness支持某人的事业EverybodyelsesaidIwaswrongbutPaulsupportedme.supportin在……方面给予支持supportby靠……得到支持supporton支撑在……上supportwith用……支撑supportsb.againststh.支持某人去反对……insupportof支持/证明……(^o^)各种“支持”:support指道义上或物质上支持某人,也可指对一项事业的支持或赞助;advocate指通过发表演说或写文章来表示支持、拥护,常暗示提倡某事或为某事辩护;uphold指把快要倒下的东西扶直并撑稳,引申指支持正受到攻击或挑战的某人或某事。23.giveup意为“放弃”,可接名词,代词或动名词做宾语。Eg:Wedidn’tgiveupthechance.Hegaveupsmoking.!!!!!!giveup是“动词+副词”构成的短语,当宾语是代词时,只能放在give和up之间。Eg:Don’tgiveitup.背记课文中的句子“Nevergiveupandyouwillbesuccessful”24.successfuladj.获得成功的successn.成功succeedv.成功successfullyadv.成功地e.g.Whodoyouthinkisthemostsuccessfulpersonintheworld?TomisaSuccessfulbusinessman.Theyfinallygotabigsuccess.JimsucceededingettingthefirstplaceinEnglishexam.successfulat在……方面成功(侧重在行)successfulin在……方面成功(侧重成功)successfulwith做……(事情)成功例:Sheisa______woman.Studyhardandyouwill______!Thedishwasagreat______.succeedindoingsth.vt,继承,接替Succeeding,后来的,紧接着的Inthesucceedingweeks,fivemorepeoplecame.25.gotowork上班Eg:(教材第11页)26.alldayandallnight夜以继日Eg:(教材第11页)Languagepoints1.Talkaboutthepeopleyoulike.谈论你喜欢的人。(page1)Talkabout谈论Talkwith与……交谈(强调双方无主次性,相互交流)如:sheistalkingwithafriend.Talkto跟……谈话(强调一方的主动性,另一方以听为主)如:Iwanttotalktomymotheraboutthecomputer.2.canyouseethestars?你能看见那些星星吗?Can是情态动词,“能,能够”,还可表示“许可,请求”,后面加动词原形。过去式could肯定句变否定句时,can后加not,简写:can’t“不能,不会”肯定句变疑问句时,将can提到主语之前。如:canyoudraw?——yes,Ican./no,Ican’t其他类似的情态动词:may(might),must,need,oughtto,dare(dared),shall(should),will(would)。3.Shetakestimetohelpherchild.taketime意思是“花时间”,其后面可跟动词不定式(todo)。e.g.Taketimetocheckyouranswersbeforeyouhandinyourtestpaper,please.handin上交(作业、 试卷 云南省高中会考试卷哪里下载南京英语小升初试卷下载电路下试卷下载上海试卷下载口算试卷下载 等)(1)taketimetodosth.花时间做某事e.g.Youshouldtakesometimetocheckyouranswer.(2)…isthetimeforsb.todosth.是某人做某事的时候e.g.Itisthetimeforyoutoworkhard.(3)Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.=Sb.spendssometimeonsth.\\indoingsth.e.g.Ittakesmeonehourtogotoschool.=Ispendonehouringoingtoschool.4.Grandmatookcareofmyfamily.takecareof意思是“关心;照顾”;和lookafter意思相近,可相互使用。e.g.Nursestakecareofpatientsinhospital.=Nurseslookafterpatientsinhospital.5.Iwillneverforgetthetaste,andthesmellaswell.aswell与aswellas用法 总结 初级经济法重点总结下载党员个人总结TXt高中句型全总结.doc高中句型全总结.doc理论力学知识点总结pdf :aswell:“又;也”,常用作状语,相当于too或also,常位于句末,无须用逗号与句子分开。e.g.IamgoingtoLondonandmysisterisgoingaswell.aswell在口语中也可用于句中,作“也好,也行”或“倒不如”解,用来缓和语气。e.g.Youmayaswellgo.aswell可以直接用于just后,用作应答语(可视为It’sjustaswell.的省略),作“幸亏,幸而;无妨;没关系”解。e.g.—Weweretoolatetoseethefilm.—Justaswell.Ihearitisn'tverygood.aswellas:常用来连接两个并列的成分,作“也,还”解。它强调的是前一项,后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时,谓语动词与前一项一致;而用notonly...butalso...连接时,谓语动词与后一项一致。e.g.Yourwifeaswellasyouisfriendlytome.aswellas用来表示同级比较,指“一样好”。e.g.Heplaystheguitaraswellasyou.6.Sheoftentellsmejokestomakemelaugh,butshenevermakesfunofothers.(1)telljokes意思是“开玩笑”,与haveajoke意思相近,但前者可用tellsb.jokes表达,后者只能用haveajokewithsb.来表达。e.g.Sheoftentellsmejokes.=Sheoftenhaveajokewithme.(2)makesb.dosth.意思是“使某人做某事”。make是使役动词,后加省“to”的动词不定式做宾补。e.g.Theteachermadethestudentsdoalotofhomework.拓展:Make+sb.\\sth.+adj.e.g.Thenewsmakesmehappy\\makesmesad.注意:使役动词是表示“使、令、让、帮、叫”等意义的不完全及物动词,主要有leave,get,keep,make(使,令),let(让),help(帮助),have(有;让;从事;允许;拿)等。(3)makefunof意思是“嘲弄;取消”,与laughat意思相近。e.g.Theolderchildrenalwaysmakefunofhimbecauseofhisaccent.=Theolderchildrenalwayslaughathimbecauseofhisaccent.7.Ihopewewillalwaysremainfriends.(1)hope+that宾语从句(此处that省略)Ihopetheywinthematch.hopetodosth.希望做某事Ihopetobeyourgoodfriend.Hopefor盼望,期望wehopeforthebest(2)remain连系动词,“仍然是,保持不变”+n./adj./v-ing如:weremainsilent.remainfriends意思是“还是朋友;保持朋友关系”。e.g.Youmusttellmethetruth,ifwearetoremainfriends.类似的还有:keep(保持),stay(保持),continue(继续、仍旧,stand(处于某状况)等。8.Hisclassesarealwaysfulloffun.(1)关于程度副词的辨析(复习):always总是,一直(100%);usually通常(80%左右);often经常(50%);sometimes有时(20%);seldom很少(5%);never从不,绝不(0%)always反义词:never;unusually反义词:seldom(2)befullof意思是“充满……;装满……”,同义词组是befilledwith。反义词:empty(倒空)e.g.Thebottleisfullofmilk.=Thebottleisfilledwithmilk.(往瓶子里一直“fill”,直到“full”)(3)fun在这里作名词使用,意思是“乐趣;欢乐”;fun亦可以用作形容词,意思是“有趣的;使人欢乐的”。这句话可以简化为:Hisclassesarealwaysfun.9.Heuseslotsofgamesinhisteaching.(1)lotsof和alotof一样,意思是“许多;很多”,后面可接可数名词或不可数名词。如果使用many(alargenumberof)或much(alargeamountof)来表达“许多;很多”的话,注意many(alargenumberof)后只能接可数名词,much(alargeamountof)后只能接不可数名词。(2)teaching在这句话当中作名词用,意思是“教学”。e.g.Lindawantstogointoteaching.10.Mr.Liisstrictaboutourstudies,buthealwaysencouragesusandgivesussupport.bestrictabout后面只能接sth.,表示“对某事要求严格”。e.g.Ourteachersarealwaysstrictaboutourhomework.bestrictwith后面只能接sb.,表示“对某人要求严格”。e.g.Heisverystrictwithhisstudents.11.Heoftensays,“Nevergiveupandyou’llbesuccessful.”(1)giveup意思是“放弃”,也可表示“投降;认输”,可作不及物动词用,也可后面跟名词或动词-ing形式等。e.g.Igiveup;tellmewhattheansweris.InfactI’vegivenupthisidea.Hetoldmetogiveupsmoking.(2)Nevergiveup.是祈使句,相当于Don’tgiveupforever.,意思是“永不放弃”。(3)“Nevergiveupandyou’llbesuccessful.”是并列句,and前的分句用祈使句表达条件,and后的分句表达结果。这样的句子常常可以用if引导的条件句进行改写:Ifyounevergiveup/don’tgiveupforever,you’llbesuccessful.12.Whatdoeshelooklike?(1)looklike看起来与(某人或某物)相像、相似Eg:---Whodoesshelooklike?她看起来像谁?---Shelookslikehermother.她看起来像她妈妈。----Whatdoesshelooklike?她长得怎么样?---Sheistallandthin她长得又高又瘦(2)What...like常表示“……怎么样”,与How意思相近,因此该句子可改成:Howdoeshelook?又如:What’stheweatherlike?=Howistheweather?Whatdoesthesongsoundlike?=Howdoesthesongsound?另外,还有一个句型:What...thinkof...?和How...like...?可以互换。e.g.WhatdoyouthinkofShenzhen?=HowdoyoulikeShenzhen?(3)“Whatishelike?”与“Whatdoeshelooklike?”的区别:---Whatishelike?他那人怎么样?(不只是询问外表,侧重询问性格)----Heisclever---Whatdoeshelooklike?他长什么样?(只是询问外表)---Heisverytall他个子很高13.Everyday,hegoestoworkandhelpssickpeople.(1)gotowork意思是“去上班”,要注意work前不加定冠词the。(2)sickpeople指“病人”,也可用thesick代替。e.g.Doctorslookaftersickpeople/thesick.14.Sometimeshehastoworkalldayandallnight,buthestillfindstimetohelpmewithmystudies.(1)alldayandallnight意思是“夜以继日,没日没夜”。e.g.Myneighbourissingingalldayandallnight.(2)helpsb.withsth.意思是“帮助某人做某事”。e.g.Canyouhelpmewiththeluggage?15.Mother’sDayisthetimeforustosay“Thankyou”toourmums....isthetimeforsb.todosth.意思是“……是某人做某事的时候”。e.g.Seveno’clockisthetimeformetogetupeveryday.16.Inmostcountries,peoplecelebrateMother’sDayonthesecondSundayinMayeveryyear.onthesecondSundayinMay意思是“五月的第二个星期日”,具体某一天前介词用on,月份前介词用in。我们复习一下in,on,at与时间的搭配。(1)in的用法:一段时间里,将来时表示一段时间后①月份:inJanuaryinDecember2020②年份:in2014③一天中的某个部分:inthemorning/afternoon/evening④一段时间,表示“多久以后”:inthreedays,intwomonths(2)on的用法:某一天或某一天上下午等①具体某一天:onMonday,on16December②具体某一天的某个时段:onFridayeveningof1May③某些节日:onChristmasDay,onThanksgivingDay(3)at的用法:某个时刻,某个瞬间①具体时刻:at3o’clock②相当于具体时刻的词:atlunchtime,atnight,atmidnight但是,如果时间前有next,this等限定词,则前面不加任何介词。17.Wecantakethemtotheparkorthecinema.takesb.tosomeplace意思是“带某人去某地”。e.g.Canyoutakemetothenearestbusstop?18.Ifyouloveyourmum,whynotplanaspecialMother’sDayforher?whynot意思是“为何不……”,常用于提出建议,后面接动词原形。e.g.WhynotgototheScienceMuseumthisweekend?另外,Whynot.../Shallwe.../Let’s...等都是用来提出建议的方式,因此上面的例句可以改为:ShallwegototheScienceMuseumthisweekend?Let’sgototheScienceMuseumthisweekend.Grammar语法冠词是一种虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它常放在名词的前面,帮助说明名词的含义。冠词不能单独成为句子,只能作为名词修饰的一部分。冠词在句子中常弱读。冠词分为不定冠词(a/an),定冠词(the)和零冠词。1.不定冠词的用法:不定冠词有a和an。a用于辅音音素开头的单词前,如acat,abook,aEuropean,aunit;an用于元音音素开头的单词前,如anumbrella,anowl,anhour,anhonestgirl等。不定冠词a(an)与数词one同源,是“一个”的意思。不定冠词的用法如下:(1)指一类人或事,相当于akindof:Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Mr.Smithisanengineer.(2)指某一类人或事物中的一个,如:Besuretobringmeadictionary.(3)泛指某一人或事物,如:Amaniswaitingforyouattheschoolgate.(4)第一次提及某人某物,非特指:Aboyiswaitingforyou.(5)表示“一个”,意为one,但数的概念没有one强。如:Hehasaninterestingbook.There’satreeonthehill.(6)表示“每一”相当于every,one:Westudyeighthoursaday.(7)表示“相同”相当于thesame:Wearenearlyofanage.(8)用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事:AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout.ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.(9)用于固定词组中Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime,alittle,afew,alot,atypeof,apile,agreatmany,manya,asarule,inahurry,inaminute,inashortwhile,afterawhile,inaword,haveacold,haveatry,keepaneyeon,allofasudden(10)用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后:Thisroomisratherabigone.(11)用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后:Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.2.定冠词的用法:定冠词the与指示代词this,that同源,有“那(这)个”的意思,但较弱,可以和一个名词连用,来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。(1)与单数名词连用表示一类事物,或与形容词或分词连用,表示一类人:Thehorseisausefulanimal.thedollar美元;thefox狐狸;therich富人;theliving生者;thewounded伤员(2)用于世上独一无二的事物名词前:theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean,thesky(3)特指某(些)人或某(些)事物。e.g.ThegentlemaninbrownisAlan’sgrandfather.ParisisthecapitalofFrance.(4)表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事:Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?Ihaveanewbook.Thebookisaboutthesea.(5)用于乐器前面;用在radio前,表示“广播”:playtheviolin,playtheguitarDoyouoftenlistentotheradio?Mozartcouldplaythepianoperfectlywhenhewasonlysix.(6)用在姓氏的复数形式前,表示“一家人”或“夫妇”:theGreens,theWangs(7)用于序数词、形容词副词比较级/最高级和形容词only,very,same等前面:Lilyisalwaysthefirsttoschool.Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.It’stheonlywaytogothere.DoAliceandKittyliveinthesamecity?That’stheverythingI’vebeenlookingfor.那正是我要找的东西。(8)与复数名词连用,指整个群体:Theyaretheteachersofthisschool.(指全体教师)Theyareteachersofthisschool.(指部分教师)(9)用在表示身体部位的名词前,表示所属关系,相当于物主代词:Shecaughtmebythearm.她抓住了我的手臂。Hepattedmeontheshoulder.(10)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前:theGreatWall长城,theSummerPalace颐和园(11)在国家名称、机关团体、党派、阶级等名词,及表示江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前:theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench,theYangtzeRiver,theAtlanticOcean,theSouthChinaSea,theEnglishChannel,theAlps(12)用于表示发明物的单数名词前:ThecompasswasinventedinChina.指南针是中国发明的。(13)在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代:inthe1990’s在二十世纪九十年代(14)用于表示单位的名词前:Ihiredthecarbythehour.我按钟点租了这辆汽车。(15)用于一些表方向、方位、时间的名词前,及惯用语中:ontheleft/right,intheeast,inthedistance,inthemorning/afternoon/evening,intheday,thedayaftertomorrow,thedaybeforeyesterday,thenextmorning,inthesky(water,field,country),inthedark,intherain,inthebeginning,intheend,inthemiddle(of),onthewhole,bytheway,gotothetheatre,allthesame仍然,allthetime一直3.零冠词的用法:(1)专有名词,如国名、地名、人名前不用冠词:China,Jack,(2)物质名词和抽象名词表一般概念时,通常不加冠词:Mancannotlivewithoutwater.人离开水就无法生存。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.但物质名词表示特定的意思时,需要加定冠词。(3)复数可数名词和不可数名词用作泛指,表示一类人或事物时,可不用冠词;Doyouoftenlistentolightmusic?Theyareteachers.Camelsareveryusefulanimalsinthedesert.(4)在季节、月份、节假日、星期、日期、一日三餐前:10October,March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring10Julyismybirthday.UncleTomwillvisi
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