2021年度星火英语四级模拟试卷样题及解析

ModelTestPartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart，youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledTheDecreaseofPublicTransportationTicketFare.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.近来某些都市政府实行多项举措减少公共交通票价，大力发展公共交通；2.此办法带来好处；3.作为市民应如何响应政府号召。TheDecreaseofPublicTransportationTicketFareTheDebateOverGeneticallyModifiedFoodsForthousandsofyearsfarmershaveusedaprocessofselectionandcrossbreedingtocontinuallyimprovethequalityofcrops.Traditionalbreedingmethodsareslow，requiringintensivelabor：whiletryingtogetadesirabletraitinabredspecies，undesirabletraitswillappearandfarmersmustcontinuetheprocessoverandoveragainuntilalltheundesirablesarebredout.Incontrast，organismsacquireonespecificgeneorafewgenestogetherthroughgeneticmodification，withoutothertraitsincludedandwithinasinglegeneration.However，thistechnologytooisinherentlyunpredictableandsomescientistsbelieveitcanproducepotentiallydangerousresultsunlessbettertestingmethodsaredeveloped.Traditionalbreedingisbasedonsexualreproductionbetweenlikeorganisms.Thetransferredgenesaresimilartogenesinthecelltheyjoin.Theyareconveyedincompletegroupsandinafixedsequencethatharmonizeswiththesequenceofgenesinthepartnercell.Incontrast，bioengineersisolateagenefromonetypeoforganismandcollectitrandomlyintotheDNAofadissimilarspecies，disruptingitsnaturalsequence.Oneofthemaindifferencesbetweenconventionalandgeneticallymodifiedcropsisthattheformerinvolvescrosseseitherwithinspeciesorbetweenverycloselyrelatedspecies.However，GMcropscanhavegenesfromcloselyrelatedspeciesorevenfrombacteriaandviruses.Benefits：onesideofthedebateEconomical?GMsupporterstellfarmersthattheystandtoreapenormousprofitsfromgrowingGMcrops.Ittakesashortertimetoproducethedesiredproduct.Itispreciseandtherearenounwantedgenes.ToproducetheGMcrops，modernbiotechnologyisusedwhichrequireshighlyskilledpeopleandsophisticatedandexpensiveequipment.Largecompaniesneedconsiderableinvestmentsinlaboratories，equipmentandhumanresources，hencethereasonwhyGMcropsaremoreexpensiveforfarmersthantraditionalcrops.Herbicide-resistantcropsSowhatotheradvantagesdoGMcropsholdforfarmers?GMcropscanbeproducedtobeherbicide(除草剂)resistant.Thismeansthatfarmerscouldspraythesecropswithherbicideandkilltheweeds，withoutaffectingthecrop.Ineffect，theamountofherbicideusedinoneseasonwouldbereduced，withasubsequentreductionincostsforfarmersandconsumers.Biotechnologycompaniesareevenexperimentingwithcropsthatcanbegeneticallymodifiedtobedroughtandsalt-tolerant，orlessreliantonfertilizer，openingupnewareastobefarmedandleadingtoincreasedproductivity.However，theclaimsoflessherbicideusagewithGMcropshavetillnownotbeenindependentlysupportedbyfacts.BetterqualityfoodsEvenanimalscanbegeneticallymodifiedtobeleaner，growfaster，andneedlessfood.Theycouldbemodifiedtohavespecialcharacteristics，suchasgreatermilkproductionincows.Thesemodificationsagainleadtoimprovedproductivityforfarmersandfinallylowercostsfortheconsumers.Modifiedcropscouldperhapspreventoutbreakssuchasfootandmouthdisease，whichhasbadlyinfluencedmanyfarmersandlocaleconomies.Nosuchproductshavebeenreleasedtodate；however，someareunderconsiderationforrelease.Forexample，GMsalmon，capableofgrowingalmost30timesfasterthannaturalsalmon，maysoonbeapprovedbytheFDA(FoodandDrugAdministration)intheU.S.forreleaseintoopenwaterswithoutasinglestudyontheimpactonhumanhealthortheenvironment.Risks：theothersideofthedebateEnvironmentaldamageTheproblemwithGMcropsisthatthereislittleknownaboutwhateffecttheywillhavein，say，20yearstime.ThegeneticstructureofanylivingorganismiscomplexandGMcroptestsfocusonshort-termeffects.Notalltheeffectsofintroducingaforeigngeneintothecomplexgeneticstructureofanorganismaretested.Willthepeststhatacropwascreatedtoresisteventuallybecomeresistanttothiscrop?ThenthereisalwaysthepossibilitythatwemaynotbeabletodestroyGMcropsoncetheyspreadintotheenvironment.Risktofoodweb.Afurthercomplicationisthatthepesticideproducedinthecropmayunintentionallyharmcreatures.GMcropsmayalsoposeahealthrisktonativeanimalsthateatthem.Theanimalsmaybepoisonedbythebuilt-inpesticides.TestsintheU.S.showedthat44%ofcaterpillars(毛虫)ofthemonarchbutterflydiedwhenfedlargeamountsofpollen（花粉）fromGMcorn.Disease.Anotherconcernisdisease.SincesomecropsaremodifiedusingtheDNAfromvirusesandbacteria，willweseenewdiseasesemerge?WhatabouttheGMcropsthathaveantibiotic-resistantmarkergenes?Markergenesareusedbyscientiststodeterminewhethertheirgeneticmodificationofaplantwassuccessful.Willtheseantibiotic-resistantgenesbetransferredtomicroorganismsthatcausedisease?Wealreadyhaveaproblemwithineffectiveantibiotics.Howcanwedevelopnewdrugstofightthesenewbugs?UntilfurtherstudiescanshowthatGMfoodsandcropsdonotposeseriousthreatstohumanhealthortheworld'secosystems，thedebateovertheirreleasewillcontinue.Livingorganismsarecomplexandtamperingwiththeirgenesmayhaveunintendedeffects.Itisinourcommoninteresttosupportconcernedscientistsandorganizations，suchasFriendsoftheEarthwhodemandrequiredlabelingofthesefoodproductsandindependenttestingforsafetyandenvironmentalimpacts.1.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenconventionalbreedingandgeneticbreeding?A)Theformerisbasedonsexualreproductionbetweenlikeorganismswhilethelattercanhavegenesevenfrombacteriaandviruses.B)Theformerisunpredictablewhilethelatterispredictable.C)Theformerisappliedbyfarmerswhilethelatterbyscientists.D)Theformerhasalonghistorywhilethelatterashortone.2.WhichofthefollowingisthepossiblebenefitofGMcrops?A)Theycanbeherbicide-resistant.B)Theycanfertilizethefield.C)Theycanproducesalt.D)Theycanbemoredelicious.3.Whatwillprobablyhappentothegeneticallymodifiedanimals?A)Theymaygrowslower.B)Theymayimprovetheproduction.C)Theymaydigestmorefood.D)Theymayspreaddiseasequickly.4.WhatcanwelearnfromGMsalmonaccordingtothepassage?A)Itcangrowveryslowly.B)Itwilleatless.C)Itwon'tdoharmtoenvironment.D)Itmaycausesomedisease.5.ThereasonwhyGMcropswillprobablyleadtoenvironmentaldamageisthat.A)GMcroptestsdonotfocusonfar-reachingeffectsB)therearenoGMcroptestsbeforetheyarebeingapprovedofC)thereisnosinglestudyontheimpactofGMcropsontheenvironmentD)GMcropsmaybringoutfootormouthdisease6.ThisarticlehasmentionedrisksaboutGMcrops.A)sixB)fiveC)fourD)three7.Theauthor'sattitudetowardsGMcropsis.A)objectiveB)biasedC)affirmativeD)negative8.ThenativeanimalsthateatGMcropsmightbepoisonedby__________.9.ScientistsreliedonMarkergenestotesttheresultsof__________.10.FriendsoftheEarthclaimthatallGMfoodshouldbetestedfor__________.　Questions47to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MorethanfortywomenhavebeenkilledinthewarinIraq.Hundredsofothershavebeen___47___.ThewarbeganinMarchof.Two___48___publishedbookstelltwodifferentstoriesofwomenwhoservedinIraq.OneisbyJanisKarpinski.ShewastheArmygeneralwho___49___militarypoliceatprisonsinIraq.TheseincludedtheArmyReservesoldierswho___50___theAbuGhraibPrisonnearBaghdad.Somehavereceivedprison___51_formistreatingprisonersatAbuGhraib.MizKarpinskibecamethehighest-levelofficertobepunishedinconnectionwiththe___52___.ShelefttheserviceinJulyafterbeingreducedfromabrigadiergeneral(准将)toacolonel(上校).Herbookiscalled“OneWoman'sArmy：TheCommandingGeneralofAbuGhraibTellsHerStory.”MizKarpinskisaysshewasunfairlyblamedforconditionsbeyondhercontrol.Shealsotellsofherdifficultiesasarisingwoman___53___intheArmy.AnotherformermemberoftheArmy，KaylaWilliams，wroteabookcalled“LoveMyRifleMoreThanYou.”Thenameistakenfroma___54___song.MizWilliamswasanArabictranslatorinIraq.Shesaysherbookdescribeswhatitisliketobeyoungand___55__intheArmy.Onefamous56calledit“afrank，hockingandhonestlookatlifeinthemilitary.”A)abusedF)caseK)marchingB)femaleG)commandedL)simplyC)woundedH)soldierM)guardedD)officerI)reviewerN)beautifulE)treatmentsJ)recentlyO)sentencesSectionDirections：Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA)，B)，C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions52to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Ironproductionwasrevolutionizedintheearlyeighteenthcenturywhencokewasfirstusedinsteadofcharcoal(木炭)forrefiningironore.Previouslythepoorqualityoftheironhadrestricteditsuseinarchitecturetoitemssuchaschainsandtiebarsforsupportingarches，vaults(拱顶),andwalls.Withtheimprovementinrefiningore，itwasnowpossibletomakecast-ironbeamsandcolumns.Duringthenineteenthcenturyfurtheradvancesweremade，notablyBessemer'sprocessforconvertingironintosteel，whichmadethematerialmorecommerciallyfeasible.Ironwasrapidlyadoptedfortheconstructionofbridges，becauseitsstrengthwasfargreaterthanthatofstoneortimber，butitsuseinthearchitectureofbuildingsdevelopedmoreslowly.By1800acompleteinternalironskeletonforbuildingshadbeendevelopedinindustrialarchitecturereplacingtraditionaltimberbeams，butitgenerallyremainedconcealed.Apartfromitslowcost，theappealofironasabuildingmateriallayinitsstrength，itsresistancetofire，anditspotentialtospanvastareas.Asaresult，ironbecameincreasinglypopularasastructuralmaterialformoretraditionalstylesofarchitectureduringthenineteenthcentury，butitwasinvariablyconcealed.Significantly，theuseofexposedironoccurredmainlyinthenewbuildingtypesproducedbytheIndustrialRevolution：infactories，warehouses，commercialoffices，exhibitionhalls，andrailroadstations，whereitspracticaladvantagesfaroutweigheditslackofstatus.Designersoftherailroadstationsofthenewageexploredthepotentialofiron，coveringhugeareaswithspansthatsurpassedthegreatvaultsofmedievalchurchesandcathedrals.Paxton'sCrystalPalace，designedtohousetheGreatExhibitionof1851,coveredanareaof1848feetby408feetinassembledunitsofglasssetinironframes.TheParisExhibitionof1889includedboththewidestspanandthegreatestheightachievedsofarwiththeHalledesMachines，spanning362feet，andtheEiffelTower1,000feethigh.However，theseachievementsweremockedbytheartistsofParisasexpensiveanduglyfoolishness.Iron，despiteitsstructuraladvantages，hadlittleaesthetic(审美)status.Theuseofanexposedironstructureinthemoretraditionalstylesofarchitecturewasslowertodevelop.52.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A)Advancesinironprocessingintheeighteenthandnineteenthcenturies.B)TheeffectsoftheIndustrialRevolutionontraditionalarchitecturalstyles.C)Advantagesofstoneandtimberoversteelasbuildingmaterials.D)Theevolutionoftheuseofironinarchitecture.53.Ironreplacedstoneandtimberinthebuildingofbridgesbecauseironwasconsidered_________.A)morebeautifulB)newandmodernC)muchstrongerD)easiertotransport54.AccordingtoParagraph3,thearchitecturalsignificanceoftheHalledesMachineswasits________.A)widespanB)greatheightC)unequaledbeautyD)assembledunitsofglass55.HowdidtheartistsreacttothebuildingsattheParisExhibition?A)Theytriedtocopythem.B)Theylaughedatthem.C)Theypraisedthem.D)Theyrefusedtopaytoseethem.56.Itcanbeinferredthatthedelayeduseofexposedironstructuresintraditionalstylesofarchitectureisbestexplainedby________.A)theimpracticalityofusingironforsmall，noncommercialbuildingsB)theassociationofironarchitecturewiththeproblemsoftheIndustrialRevolutionC)thegeneralbeliefthatironofferedlessresistancetofireandharshweatherthantraditionalmaterialsD)thegeneralperceptionthatironstructureswerenotbeautifulinappearancePassageTwoQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingpassage.FourmonthsbeforeCrownPrinceFelipesays“si”(“yes”inSpanish)totelevisionjournalistLetiziaOrtiz,royalweddingfeverisgrippingSpain.Shopsareofferingthebiggestvarietyofweddingsouvenirs(纪念品),fromplatesandbottle-openerstocopiesofthecouple'sengagementring.Thecouplehavemadeonlyafewcarefullystagedpublicappearancestoreducethescrutiny(仔细检查).Spanishpeoplewaitedformorethanadecadeforthe36-year-oldsonofKingJuanCarlosandQueenSofiatofindasuitablebride.Andmoreimportant，theMay22weddingwillbealandmarkeventinotherways.LetiziaOrtizRocasolano,31,isthedaughterofanurseandajournalist.So，shewillbethefirstcommoneronathroneonceoccupiedbyQueenIsabella，whosentChristopherColumbustotheAmericas.Thepretty，elegantformernewsanchor(主持人)willalsobecomeSpain'sfirsthome-grownqueeninmorethanacentury.ThelivelyandprofessionallyaccomplishedLetiziahasbeenwelcomedbySpanishpeopleasanewtypeofqueenforamodernmonarchy.Spanishpeoplewereaccustomedtoseeingherintelevisionnewsbroadcastsandshearousestremendouscuriosity.JournalistsareinvestigatingeventhemostordinaryaspectsofherpastwhichresemblesthatofsomanyotheryoungSpanishprofessionalwomen.SpanishpeoplehavealsotakennotethatshetriedtointerrupttheprincewhentheytalkedtothepressaftergettingengagedinNovember.“Letmetalk,”shetoldtheheirtotheBourbonthrone.SuchbehaviorisregardedasunderstandableinawomanwhowenttoMexicobyherselfatage23andlaterreportedontheSeptember11terroristattacksandtheIraqwarforstatetelevisionTVE.Herstrongcharacter，franknessandcriticalmindcouldalsobedisadvantagesforaroyalwhoisrarelyexpectedtospeakhermind，reportershavesaid.Thepalacehasstruggledtoprotectherfromscrutinyandtogivehertimetoadapttohernewrole.57.Bysaying“royalweddingfever”(Line2,Para.1)，theauthormeans“_________”.A)alotofroyalweddingsfollowB)theSpanishpeoplearesurprisedattheroyalweddingC)theroyalweddingmakesastirinthewholecountryD)theroyalweddingbecomesafashion58.Themostimportantreasonwhyroyalweddingcausessuchagreatinterestisthat_________.A)acommonerismarriedintoaroyalfamilyB)theprincefinallyfindshisbrideC)afamousTVjournalistgetsmarriedD)theweddingisexpensive59.Letiziausedtobeanewsanchorwhowas_________.A)world-famousB)frankC)seriousD)capable60.Letizia'sinterruptionoftheprincewhentheytalkedtothepresswasmostprobablypromptedbyher_________.A)curiosityB)innocenceC)outspokennessD)rudeness61.ThedifficultyforLetiziatofitintheroyallifemayliein_________.A)howtomeettherequirementsoftheQueenB)howtochangehercharactertofitintheroyalfamilyC)howtocontinuehercareeraftermarriageD)howtofaceherformeraudienceasaprincessPartⅤCloze(15minutes)Acupuncture(针灸)isquitemysterious.Peopleseethemostisapersonwithneedlesstickingoutoftheflesh.Understandablybeingwary___62___sharppointedobjects，patientsoftenneedsto__63___thisobstacle.Thebestwaytodothisisbecomingeducatedabouthowacupunctureis__64___，andwhereitcamefrom.Theearliest__65___oftheuseofacupuncturegobackto2,000yearsago.The__66___datesbacktoasearlyastheStoneAge.Whenyouexperiencepainitisaninstinctive__67___toapplypressuretothatlocation.Alsothebodymayexperiencepain__68___theinfectionisnotlocalized.Yourbody__69___sendsyouwarningsignals.TheAncientChineseutilizedthesewarnings，anddevelopedanintricatesystemofthesepoints__70___observation.Itiseasytoinferthatapplyingpressureto__71___painwithyourhandsevolved__72___theuseofneedlesinstead.Tortoise_73___havebeenfoundrecordingtheuseofacupuncture.Thefirstactualwrittentext__74___theuseofacupunctureiscalledNeiChingSuWen.Thisbookbasically__75___allthedifferentpoints，butitismostlyabookontheoryandconcept.TheNeiChingSuWen__76__thebasicrulesofphilosophyonhealth.Thesephilosophiesbranchedfromtwomainstream_77__duringtheWarringStatesperiod.ThefirstisConfucianism.Theteachingsofthisstressthathumanbodyissacredandis__78___dissectionorsurgery.Thismakesacupunctureaperfectmeansof__79___illnessbecauseapplyingpressuretothe__80__body，youcanrelieveinternaldisease.Theothermajor__81__ofthoughtiscalledTaoism.Maintainingharmonyisthestressedidea；youmusthaveabalancebetweenYinandYang.62.A)withB)forC)ofD)about63.A)overcomeB)succeedC)defeatD)fail64.A)practicedB)executedC)accomplishedD)performed65.A)recordingsB)scriptsC)handwritingsD)copies66.A)reasonB)originC)sourceD)root67.A)incentiveB)reactionC)stimulusD)reflection68.A)whichB)whatC)whenD)where69.A)incidentallyB)especiallyC)naturallyD)definitely70.A)throughB)withC)byD)in71.A)controlB)sufferC)reliveD)inflict72.A)fromB)intoC)outD)as73.A)clawsB)bonesC)shellsD)feet74.A)exclaimedB)acclaimedC)reclaimedD)claimed75.A)laysoutB)laysaboutC)laysasideD)laysdown76.A)observesB)provesC)setsD)violates77.A)structuresB)religionsC)schoolsD)conceptions78.A)fromB)for　C)againstD)versus79.A)preservingB)curingC)recoveringD)restoring80.A)terminalB)personalC)marginalD)external81.A)seriesB)train　C)chainD)successionPartⅥTranslation(5minutes)Directions：CompletethesentencesbytranslatingintoEnglishtheChinesegiveninbrackets.PleasewriteyourtranslationonAnswerSheet2.82.Ifyoutakethiskindofmedicinethreetimesaday，it________________________(可以治愈你胃病).83.Insteadofwaitingtobeasked，youshould________________________(积极开始谈话).84.Thepolice________________________(正在搜寻一种蓄着胡子年轻人),buttheyhaven'tfoundhimtillnow.85.Thesecourses________________________(使我具备了必要知识)formoreadvancedstudiesinChemistry.86.Mybrotherisseriouslyill，soIbegto________________________(请一周假).KeyPartⅠWriting【审题与构思】①审题及布局。这篇作文依照提纲，可以分为三个段落写作。可以依照自己对这三个方面理解限度决定详写和略写段落。第一段阐明某些都市政府实行多项举措减少公共交通票价，大力发展公共交通状况，如果要把这一段作为详写段落，可以列举都市政府采用某些详细办法。第二段写发展公共交通带来好处，可以写人们交通费用减少，同步也可以论述随着越来越多人出门乘坐公共交通工具，减少了私家车出行频率，从而能缓和交通和环境问题。第三段写如何响应政府号召，最佳办法就是尽量在出行时，使用公共交通工具。②语言。注意段落之间、句子之间衔接，从而使其成为一种表达清晰，符合逻辑整体。范文点评TheDecreaseofPublicTransportationTicketFareRecently，①somemunicipalgovernmentshavetakenaseriesofmeasurestodeveloppublictransportationincludingdecreasingpublictransportationticketfare.②Ontheonehand，theystrengthenfinancialsupporttopublictransportationcompanies.Ontheotherhand，ICcardsareissuedtoofferdiscountofsubwayandbusticketfare.Thebenefitscanbeseenobviously.③Oneadvantageisthatthedailytransportationexpenseisreduced.Duetothelowprices，moreandmorepeoplearewillingtogooutbypublicvehicleswithlesscarsstreaminginthestreet，④thestreetisclearerandtheairiscleaner.　　⑤Tomymind，travelingviapublicvehiclesisthebestwaytorespondtogovernments'appeal.Besides，tryingtomakeeverytripefficientandreducingthefrequencyofvehiclesisalsoagoodanswer.①开门见山，阐明某些都市政府实行多项举措减少公共交通票价，大力发展公共交通。municipal“都市”为高分词。②用Ontheonehand和Ontheotherhand，清晰地表白某些都市政府采用详细办法。③这段阐述发展公共交通带来好处，采用了因果法。发展公共交通导致交通费减少，而它又使更多人选取公共交通，而其又能缓和交通，改进环境。环环相扣，逻辑严密。④分别用了clear“无堵塞”和clean“清洁”，用词简朴而生动，阐明政府举措有助于解决交通问题和污染问题。⑤表达个人观点，提出了两个建议。PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)本文一方面比较老式作物哺育办法和转基因哺育作物办法，然后讨论转基因作物及食物给人类以及自然带来利弊，最后指出人类必要密切关注转基因技术发展及其影响。1.A)。［定位］由题干中conventionalbreeding和maindifference定位到本文第四段。［精析］段首设题。这段明确指出，老式种植过程是在物种之间或者非常相近物种间进行杂交；GMcrops基因可以取自非常相近物种，甚至是细菌和病毒。A）项为对的 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 。B）项以为老式种植不可预测，而基因培植可以预测，由原文第二段…organisms…throughgeneticmodification….However，thistechnologytooisinherentlyunpredictable知该项陈述错误；C）项以为农民用老式种植法，科学家用基因培植法，这与科学家致力于推广该技术表述不符；D）项以为老式种植法时间长，但基因法短暂，这不是重要区别。2.A)。［定位］由选项herbicide-resistant，drought-tolerant和salt-tolerant定位到Herbicide-resistantcrops这一某些。［精析］段落中设题。由该某些下前两句“SowhatotheradvantagesdoGMcropsholdforfarmers?GMcropscanbeproducedtobeherbicide-resistant.”知A）选项对的；第二段首句“Biotechnologycompaniesareevenexperimentingwithcropsthatcanbegeneticallymodifiedtobedroughtandsalt-tolerant.”知C）项陈述错误。B）、D）两项文中没有提及。3.B)。［定位］由题干中geneticallymodifiedanimals定位到BetterQualityFoods这一某些第一段。［精析］段首设题。由首句“Evenanimalscanbegeneticallymodifiedtobeleaner，growfaster，andneedlessfood.”知A）、C）两项陈述与原文陈述相悖，由本段最后一句“Modifiedcropscouldperhapspreventoutbreakssuchasfootandmouthdisease…”知D）项陈述专指转基因食物可以防止口蹄疫，D）项陈述也不符合原文；B）项以为此类动物可以提高产量，即本段第三句“Thesemodificationsagainleadtoimprovedproductivityforfarmers”，故B）项为对的答案。4.D)。［定位］由题干中GMsalmon定位到BetterQualityFoods小标题下第二段第二句。［精析］举例处设题。由“GMsalmon，capableofgrowingalmost30timesfasterthannaturalsalmon”知A）项陈述不对的；由…withoutasinglestudyontheimpactonhumanhealthortheenvironment”知转基因鲑鱼有也许会对环境和健康导致威胁，C）项陈述不对的、D）项陈述对的。B）项在本段没有提及。5.A)。［定位］由题干中environmentaldamage定位到Environmentaldamage这一某些。［精析］段首设题。由该某些下第一段前两句“TheproblemwithGMcropsisthatthereislittleknownaboutwhateffecttheywillhavein，say，20yearstime….GMcroptestsfocusonshort-termeffects.”可知重要因素是当前转基因作物实验着眼于短期影响，无法预知长远影响。B）、C）项表述与原文不符；D）项陈述是也许成果不是因素，并且与环境没有直接关系。故A）为对的答案。6.D)。［定位］由题干中risks和GMcrops定位到Risks：theothersideofthedebate这一某些。［精析］标题处设题。该某些下设三个小标题，分别为：Environmentaldamage，Risktofoodweb和Disease。故文章共提到3个潜在危险。D）项为对的答案。7.A)。［定位］需要迅速浏览全文，注意标题和小标题。［精析］作者态度题。该文标题为TheDebateOverGeneticallyModifiedFoods，同步陈述时有两方对立观点，即Benefits：onesideofthedebate和Risks：theothersideofthedebate。由此可知作者在转基因食品问题上是比较客观，A）项为对的答案。8.built-inpesticides［定位］由题干中eatGMcrops和poisoned定位到Risktofoodweb小标题下第二句GMcropsmayalsoposeahealthrisktonativeanimalsthateatthem.和第三句Theanimalsmaybepoisonedbythebuilt-inpesticides.［精析］此处需填名词性成分或者动名词。题干将第二和第三个句子重新改写，第二句话中主语GMcrops放到第三句话中充当theanimals定语，因此此处应当填写名词性成分built-inpesticides。9.theirgeneticmodificationofaplant［定位］由题干中Markergenes定位到Disease小标题下第四句Markergenesareus